US1012003A

US1012003A - Elevator.

Info

Publication number: US1012003A
Application number: US45911708A
Authority: US
Inventors: Charles O Pearson
Original assignee: Otis Elevator Co
Current assignee: Otis Elevator Co
Priority date: 1908-10-23
Filing date: 1908-10-23
Publication date: 1911-12-19
Anticipated expiration: 1928-12-19

Description

C. 0. PBARSUN.

BLEVATOR.

APPLxoATIoN FILED om?. 2a, 190s.

Patented Dec. 19, 1911.

3 SHEBTB-BHEET 1.

ma fw@ :NVENTOR /f ATTORNEY wnnssses sw @u C. 0. PBARSON.

BLEVATUR.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 2al 190BA Patented Dec. 19, 191 l 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR C. 0. PEARSON.

ELEVATOR.

APPLIGATIDN FILED oc'r. 23, 190e.

ATTORNEY 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Pgtented Dec. 19, 1911.

WMM

U NirEn .iTATEs PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES O. PEARSQN, F NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOLR TO OTIS ELEVATOR COMPANY, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION 0F NEW JERSEY.

ELEVATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Deo. 19, 1911.

Application filed October 23, 1908, Serial No. 459,117.

To all 'whom 1t may concern:

llo it known that. I, CHARLES O. lnAnsoN,

a. citizen of the United States, und a resident oi the horoiigh of Brooklyn, in the county oi Kin s, in the city and State of New York, United States of America, have invented certain new und useful improvements in lllm'ators, Of-which the following is u specification. M v invention relates to elevators and its object is to provide a simple apparatus of this character in which an internal combustion engine or similar form of prime mover may he used as the motive poiver.

This invention provides zx. control system for the eleratoi which comprises means for controlling the engine and devices for connecting and disconnect-ing.the ei'iginc with und fron the hoisting apparatus.

Further objects of my invention will appear inthe following specification in which 1 `will describe the various parts of an ap par-utils which comprises my invention, and the novel features of which I will point out in the appended claims.

Referring to thc drawings, Figure 1 is a plan vieu of an elevator hoisting apparatos und an internal combustion engine to` gether with their associated parts, some of which are shown in section. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the engine. Figx is a sectional end elevation of the engine, the section being taken through one oiits cylinders on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. In Fig. 4 the engine is shown in plan View with its intake or supply pipes shown in section. Fig. 5 is a sectional side elevation of one of the clutches which I use in carrying out my invention. In Fig. 6 a sectional end elevation of this clutch is shown. The section in this figure is taken on line 6--6 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the hoisting apparatus with its connected car and counterweight and some of the other parts of the apparatus. Fig. 8 is a sectional erd elevation, through the line 8-8 of Fig. 7, showing a brake aind its actuatin mechanism. Fig. 9 is another sectional enelevalion on the line 9-9 of Fig.' 7 ,and shows a pair of reversing gears and a .art of 'the clutch actuating mechanism. ig. 10 is a sectional plnn view of an automatic sto mechanism ig. 11 is a side elevation ofp the elevator-cur and a modified form of operating mechanism.

Like characters of reference designate corresponding parts in all of the Ii res.

10 designates a hase upon Whic the hoisting apparatus, the engine, and some of the other parts of the apparatus are mounted.

designates the prime mover which, in this case, is shown as a four-cylinder foureycle lBlasclene engine, but which, for the purposes of this invention, may be any desire-d form of motor. 21 is its intake or supply pipe through which the fuel is supplied to the engine from a carburetor 22 which is connected by a pipe 23 with a gasolene tank 24. 25 is a filllng inlet for thls tank.

26 is the exhaust pipe through which the spent gases may `be passed through a mufller 27 and led, oliby a pipe 28 to any desired place.

29 is the shaft of the engine.

30 is a. circulating pump for the water jacket of the engine. Tins is shown as a rotary pump mounted upon the engine shaft 29.

31 is a water tank vlhich may be filled` through an inlet. 3P. It is connected by a pipe 32 with the intake of the pump.

33 is the supply pipe from the pump to the cooling jacket and 34 is the return pipe from the water-jacket to the tank.

35 designates a centrifugal governor mount-ed upon the end of the engine shaft und arranged to act upon a sliding collar 86 and to pull it over against the action of a coin}'uossion spring 37 when the engine is .in motion. A` lever 38, which is pivoted et 39, is arranged to transmit the movement of this collar to other parts of the mecha msm.

40 is a controlling rod, one end of which is connected with the lever 38 at 39. Its other end is connected with one arm of a hell-crank lever 41 at 42. The other arm of this bell-crank level' carries an antifriction roller 43 which is arranged to be acted upon by a cam 44 on the end of an arm 45 which is pivoted at 46 and which is connected with the other parts of the ap aratus in a manner which I will point out iereinV after.

The usual inlet and exhaust valves for the engine and a purt of their operating mechanism are shown in Figs. 2 and 3.' These are well-known and, as they form no art of this invention, will not specifica. 1y de- `upon a shifting rod 56 by a spring 57.

scribe them. In these ligures, as well as in Figs. 1 and 4, a standard s arking mechanism is shown. This is we l-known in the art so I will point out only such parts thereof as will be necessary to fully disclose the operation of my invention.

50 isa countershaft driven by the en -ne shaft and arranged to drive a vertical siaft 51 foreach of the engine cylinders. On the u per end of each of these vertical shafts is aixed a disk 52. From one side of each of these disks a pin 53 projects which drives an actuatin arm 54. Each of these actuating arms 1s held back against a rollerl'r l515 e time at which'rthe spark-points are actuated relative to the movement of the engine pistons is governed by the position of this shifting rod and its rollers.

One end of shifting rod 56 is'rigidly connected with a throttle valve rod 59 by a bracket 58. This throttle valve rod controls passages between the intake or supply pipe 21 and each of the inlet va'lves to the cylinders. Its other end is connected at 47 to a lever 48 which is pivoted at 49. The lower end of this lever 48 is connected with the lever 38 and through the latter with the con'- trolling rod 40.

A gear 60 on'the engine shaft 29 is in mesh with a similar gear 61 on a countershaft 62 which is su ported in pedestal bearings 12 and 13 a xed to the base 10.

VThe rear end of the engine shaft is supported in a like bearing 11. A collar 63 1s slidably mounted uplonthe shaft 29 and is arranged to rotate t erewith. A non-rotating inner collar 64 is within collar 63 and separated therefrom by anti-friction bearings 65.

66 is a clutch member rigidly allixed to the shaft 29. This carries a air of ,clutchdogs 67 which are upwardl s idable therein and are connected wlth col ar 63 by links 68 and toggle levers 69.

70 designates a housing which is loosely `mounted upon the engine shaft 29. The clutch-dogs 67. are arranged' to be pushed outward into engagement with the inner surface of this housing. The rear portion of Vthe housing forms a spur-gear 71 which is in mesh with a gear 81 on the shaft 80 of the hoisting apparatus. 72 is another housing uponcountershaft 62. The rear portion of this housing forms a gear 73 which is also in mesh with the gear 81. Clutch-'dogs 74 in a clutch member 7 5 keyed to the shaft 62 are arranged to engage with an inner surface of the housing 72 and are arranged to be actuated'from a sliding collar 76 on countershaft 62 through a mechanism like that above described.

I have previously pointed out a lever 45 pivoted at' 46. From Fig. 9 it may be seen that this pivot is a hollow post over a stationary vertical shaft, and that from the lower part of this post a horizontal arm 77 projects, and that the arm 45 is connected with the inner collars of the sliding collars 63 and 76 at 78 and 79, respectively.

The shaft 80 is supported on a pedestal bearing 14. Keyed to this shaft is a brakel sheave 82. A pair of brake-shoes 83 are arranged to act upon the brake-sheave 82. These shoes are supported upon levers 84 which are pivoted at 85 in a bracket 15 upon the base 10. A rod 86, which is connected with one of the brake-levers84 and passes through the other one, carries a compression sprin 87 which draws the levers together an a plies the brake shoes to the sheave 82. 'l e upper end of the rod 86 isy threaded and provided with nuts by means of which the tension of the sprin 87 may be adjusted. The outer ends of t e brake- -levers may be pushed apart by a cam 88 upon a rocker-shaft 89.

90 is aworm-wheel upon shaft 80 which is in mesh with and arranged to drive a gear 91 fast upon a shaft 92, to which `the winding drum 93 is affixed. A car 94 is connected with one side of this drum by suitable ropes or cables 95, and a counterweight 96 is connected with the other side of the drum by ropes o-r cables 97.

100 is an operating cable which passes through the car 94 within easy reach of an operator. This passes over supporting and guiding

sheaves

101 and 102, and under a shea've 103 which is pivotally mounted upon the frame Vof the ho1stin a paratus.

104 and 105 are stopal s aflixed to the cable 100 and arranged to be engaged by the car to shift the rope when the car nears the ends of its path of travel.

106 is a gear rigidly connected with-sheave 103 and in mesh with the operating ear 107 which is rotatably supported upon s aft 92 of the hoisting apparatus. Ashipper-bar 108 is connected with this o erating gear by a pin 109. The other end o the shipper-bar is connected at 110 with a rocker-lever 111 rigidly mounted upon rocker-shaft 89.= The rocker-shaft is mounted in a pedestal 16 upon base 10. 112 is another rocker-lever keyed to the rocker-shaft and extending downwardly therefrom.

113 is a shipper-rod extending from the lower end of rocker-lever 112 to the outer end of the horizontal arm 77. A turn-buckle 20 'member travels in or out on this threaded .portion of the shaft when the winding drum is rotating in one direction or the other to cause the car to move up or down. Vhen the driven shaft is rotating anti-clockwise to drive the car up, this member will move in until it meets a shoulder on one of a pair of adjusting nuts'll'?, when the nuts which are fast on the shaft will cause -the yoke 9S and the operating gear 107 to rotate with the shaft. This will cause various parts of tho apparatus to be moved to stop. The nuts 11T are so adjusted that this operation will take place as the ear nears the upper limit of its travel. Similarly, when the drum and its shaft are rotating in the opposite direction to lower the ear the member 1.16 will travel outward until arrested by the adjusting nuts 118 which will then eause the operating gear 107 to be rotated to the right which will again stop the car. The nuts 118 are set to cause this operation to take plaoe as the car nears the lower end of its path of travel.

I will now describe the operation of the various mechanisms which have been pointed out.

The engine 2t) may be started by hand or in any other desired manner. Its sparking mechanism will be supplied with current from a battery 17 passing through a sparking coil 18 when the switch 19 is closed. The engine will continue to rotate in one direction as long desired but may be stopped by cutting ot'l" the ignition current onthe fuel supply. Its speed will be controlled by the governor which, through the mechanism before described, will shift the rod 56 which governs the sparking mechanism and the throttle valve rod 5S) which Controls the size of the supply ports. W'hen the engine is running idle these ports may be arranged to retard the time ot the. ignition sparks relative to the movements of the pistons and to parti)Y close the inlet ports so that the engine will not race, but may even run below its normal speed. Now, when an operator in the ear desires to have the car run up he will pull down upon `the hand-rope 100 to cause the shipper-rod 108 to be pushed over to the ri ghtthrough the mechanical connections previously described. The earn 88 will be rotated thereby to release the brake. At the same time the shipper-rod 113 will pull the horizontal arm 77 to the left, thereby sliding the collars 76 and (i3 on their respective shafts and causing the clutch-dogs 74 to engage with the housing 72. The rotation of the engine shaft will then be transmitted through gears 60 and G1, countershaft 62, gears 73 and 81, shaft 80 and

ears

90 and 91 to the shaft 92 and the windmg drum 93. The latter, through the cable connections, will cause the car to travel upward and the counterweight to move in the opposite direction. When the arm 45 has thus been moved, it will cause the earn 44 and the bellcrank lever 4l1 to stuft the controllino rod 10 over to the lei't. The tirst effect o? this will be to shift the tln'ottle'valve rod 59 to open wide the t'ucl inlets and to ad Vance the sparking mechanism to speed up the engine. The fulcrum 3U ot' lever 3S will also be changed, so that while the governor will aut on the same parts as before, it will do so at a higher rate ot' speed. The parts are so arranged that the operator in the ear may move the fulcruln 39 a certain amount without releasing the cluteli so that the speed of the engine may be controlled from the car while the engine is connected with the hoisting apparatus. The movement of the car will continue until the car, striking against stop-ball 105, will cause the operating gear 10T to pull the shipper-rod 10S and the parts whi'eh it controls back to their original positions. This ship1'ierrod and its connected parts may also be drawn back to stop the apparatus by the conductor in the car pulling the operatingrope 100. The .same operation may be accomplished auto,- matieally b ,v the traveling member 116 com` ing into engagement with the adjusting nuts 11T upon the threaded portion 115 of the drinn shutt. Yhenever the shipper-rod 108 is brought back to its original position in any of the above manners. the cam 88 will be brought back to its horizontal position to allow the compression spring 87 to apply the brake-shoes, and at the same time, will more the sliding collars back to their original positions to release the clutch-dogs Tft from the housing 72. The parts, therefore, will be brought back intov their original positions. Thus the brakeshoes will be applied, the clutch released` and the controller rod pulled back to slow down the engine.

then it is desired to cause-the ear t0 run down, the hand-rope is pulled up to cause the shipper'bar 108 to be shifted to the left. The oierations before described will take place, ut in this ease the clutch-does 67 will lock the housing 70 and the gear 1 to the eluteh member 66, and the engine shaft will then cause the shaft 80 and the winding drum 93 to rotate in the opposite direction. The hoisting apparatus and the car may he stopped by the operator at any time, but if the car continues until it nears its .lower landing, it mayr be stopped manualliY or automatically by the car striking the stop-ball 104, or by thestop-motion device on the end of shaft 92. i

The controlling mechanism which is shown in Fig. 11 may' be used to take the place of the same hand-rope device shown in Fig. 10. 1n this case a hand-wheel sheave 120 is placed in the car, and the operating rope 121 is run over it. Near the hoisting apparatas a pair of tilting sheaves 122 are placed These are pi votally supported upon opposite sides of a sheave 123. The rope 121 is run under these tilting sheaves, thence up and over a pair of supporting sheaves 124 near the top ot the elevatonhatchviray and down to the car J4 to which its ends are attached. By this arrangement, whenever the handn'heel in the car is moved in o1 e direction or the other, the sheave 123 will be rotated. This rotation will be transmitted to a shipper-sheave 107A and to the other parts of the apparatus hy means of a connecting rope or chain 125. This construction is especially adaptable for high-speed elevators, as by it the operator has a better control of the engine and the other parts of the control system.

The ap aratus herein shiown and described diers materially from a belt-machine-elevator as it is a comp ete machine in itself mounted upon a single 1 ase-plate, and not only is the connecting mechanism controlled from the car, but thle speed of the engine itself will also be controlled by the operator in the car. Moreover, the mechanical connections between the engine and the ear in this case are positive and safe. The engine is arranged to be run continuously in one direction, but its speed is automatically reduced when it is running idle, and its fuel inlets reduced in size so that its fuel consumption is materially reduced.

l. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, an inlcrnal combustion engine, and mechanical means for controlling the engine from the car.

'2. ln an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, an internal combustion engine, and mechanical means actuated from the car for controlling the engine and for connecting and disconnecting the engine with and from thel hoisting apparatus.

3. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, an inter'ial combustion engine, and mechanical means for connecting and disco necting the engine with and from the hoisting apparatus and controlling the speed thereof from the car. i

4. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a brake therefor, a car, an inter al combustlon engine, a clutch for connecti g the engine with said elevator hoisting a paratus, and mechanical means for actuat ng the brake and the clutch together and controlling the.

engine from the car.

5. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a brake therefor, a car, an internal combustionengine, a pair of clutches for connecting the engine with said hoisting apparatus, and mechanical means for actuating either of said clutches and the brake together and controlling the engine from the car.

6. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a brake therefor, a car, an internal combustion engine arranged to be run continuously in one direction, reverse gearing, a clutch for connecting the engine directly with said hoisting apparatus, another clutch for connecting the engine with the hoisting apparatus through said reverse gearing, and me chanical means for actuating said clutches and the brake together and controlling the engine from the car. 1

7. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, an internal combustion engine arranged to be run continuously in one direction, a governor arranged to control the speed thereof, mechanical means actuated from the car for connecting the engine with the hoisting apparatus and changing the adjustment of the governor to increase the speed of the engine.

8. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, an internal combustion engine arrange to be run continuously in one direction, a throttle valve rod and a spark-adjusting device arran ed to control the speed of the engine, mec anically actuated means controlled from the car for connecting the engine with said hoisting apparatus and for shifting the throttle valve rod and Sparkadjusting device when the engine is thus connected With the hoisting apparatus to control the speed of the engine from the car.

9. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, an internal combustion engine arranged to be run continuously in one direction, a throttle valve rod and a spark-adjusting device, a governor connected therewith and arranged to control the speed of the en `ne, mechanically actuated means controlled rom the car for connecting the engine with said hoisting apparatus and for shifting the throttle valve and spark-adjusting device when the engine is thus connected with the hoisting apparatus to modify the effect of the governor and to control the speed of the engine from the car.

l0. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, a multiple-cylinder internal combustion engine arranged to be run continuously in one direction, a throttle valve rod and a sparlcadjusting device arranged to etfect every cylinder of the engine, a governor connected with the throttle valve rod and the spark-adjusting device to automatically control the speed of the engine, mechanically actuated means controlled from the car for connecting the engine with the hoisting apparatus to drive the car in either direction and for shitting the throttle valve rod and the spark-adjusting device when the engine is thus connected with the hoisting apparatus to modify the ei'ect of the governor, to increase the speed of the engine, and to control the engine from the car.

l1. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatusV comprising a winding drum, a multiple-cyl` inder internal combustion engine arranged to be run continuously in one direction, a base-plate upon which the hoisting apparatus and the engine are mounted, a throttle valve rod and a spark-adjusting device arranged to att'ect every cylinder of the engine, a governor connected with the throttle valve rod and the spark-adjusting device to automatically control the speed of the engine; a car and a counterweight. cables connecting the car and countemveight with the winding drinn, mechanically actuated clutches manually controlled from the car for connecting the engine with the hoisting apparatus to drive the car in either direction. and means for shifting the throttle 'valve .rod and the spark-adjusting device when -the engine is thus connected With the hoisting pparatus to modify the effect. ot' the governor to increase the speed' of the engine, and to control the speed of the engine from the car.

12. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car. an internal combustion engine, mechaniV cally actuated means controlled from the car for connecting the engine With the hoisting apparatus and increasing the speed of the engine. and for disconnecting the engine from the hoisting apparatus and decreasing the speed of 4the engine,

13. ln an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, an internal combustion engine arranged to he run continuously in one direction, a throttle valve rod and a sparlcad justing device arranged to control the speed of the engine, mechanically actuated means controlled from the car for connecting the engine with said hoisting apparatus and for shifting the throttle valve rod and spark-adjusting device when the engine is thus connected with the hoisting apparatus to increase the speed of the engine, and for disconnecting the engine from the hoisting apparatus and for shifting haelt the throttle valve rod and sparlcadjusting device for decreasing the speed otE the engine.

i4. ln an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, an internal combustion engine, 1nechanical means manually actuated from the car for controlling the engine and for connecting and disconnecting the engine with and from said apparatus to start and stop the car, and automatic means for disconnecting the engine from the hoisting apparatus to stop said hoisting apparatus when the rar nears the ends of its path of travel.

15. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, an internal combustion engine arranged to be run continuously in one direction, mechanical means manually actuated from the car for controlling the engine and for connecting and disconnecting the engine with and from said apparatus to start and stop the car. and meansl actuated by the movement of the car for automatically disconnecting the engine from the. hoisting apparatus to stop said hoisting apparatus when the car nears the ends of its path of travel.

1G. ln an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, an internal combustion e'ngine arranged to he run continuously in one direction, mechanical means manually actuated from the car for controlling the engine and for connecting the engine with said apparatus to start the car in either direction, and for disconnecting the engine from said alipz-iratus to stop the car, means actuated by the movement of the cur, and other means actuated by the movement of the twisting apparatus for automatically disconnecting the engine from said hoisting apparatus to stop said hoisting apparatus when the car nears the ends of its path of travel.

1T. ln an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a hralte therefor, a car, an internal combustion engine arranged to be run continuously in one direction, a reverse gearing, a clutch for connecting the engine with said hoisting apparatus. another clutch for connecting the engine with the hoisting apparatusdthrough said reverse gearing, manually controlled mechanical means for controlling the spetd of the engine and for actua said clutches and the brake together from the rar to start the car in either direction and to stop the car, and means actuated by the increment of the car for automatically releasing the clutches and applying the brake to disconnect the engine and to stop the hoisting apparatus when the car nears the ends of its path of travel.

18. ln an elevator, a hoisting apparatus a rar, an internal combustion engine, me chanically actuated means manually controlled from the car for connecting the engine. with the hoisting apparatus and increasing the speed of the engine, and for disconnecting the engine from the hoisting apparatus and decreasing the speed of the engine, and automatic means for disconnecting the engine from the hoisting apparatus, decreasing the speed of the engine, and stopi'iing the car at the ends of its travel.

it). In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, comprising a winding drum and a brake, a multiple cylinder internal combustion cngine, a pedestal upon which the hoisting apparatus and engine are mounted, a throttle valve rod and a sparlcadjusting device arranged to atl'ect every cylinder of the engine, a governor on the engine shaft connected with the throttle valve rod and the spark-adjusting device to automatically control the speed of the engine; al car and a, counterveight, cables connecting the car and counterweight with the Winding drum, reverse gearing, mechanically actuated clutph es for connecting the engine shaft directly with the hoisting apparatus to drive the car in one direction, or for connecting the engine shaft with the hoisting apparatus through said reverse gearing to drive the car in the other direction, means for shifting the valve rod and lthe spark-adjusting device when the engine is thus connected with the hoisting apparatus to modify the effect of the governor to increase the speed of the engine, an operating rope running through the car and connected with said brake, clutches and shifting means, stop-bulls upon said operating rope arranged to be engaged by the ear to stop the car at the ends of its path 0f travel, and an automatic stopmotion device on the hoisting apparatus also arranged to stop the car at the ends of its path of travel.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES 0. PEARSON.

Witnesses:

ERNEST W'. MARSHALL, ELLA TUCH.y