US10109133B2 - Apparatus and method for checking value documents, particularly bank notes, and value document handling system - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for checking value documents, particularly bank notes, and value document handling system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US10109133B2 US10109133B2 US15/521,376 US201515521376A US10109133B2 US 10109133 B2 US10109133 B2 US 10109133B2 US 201515521376 A US201515521376 A US 201515521376A US 10109133 B2 US10109133 B2 US 10109133B2
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- electromagnetic radiation
- radiation
- sensor signals
- spectral
- value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006386 memory function Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 39
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/06—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/06—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation
- G07D7/12—Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation
- G07D7/1205—Testing spectral properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/181—Testing mechanical properties or condition, e.g. wear or tear
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/181—Testing mechanical properties or condition, e.g. wear or tear
- G07D7/187—Detecting defacement or contamination, e.g. dirt
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/20—Testing patterns thereon
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
Definitions
- This invention relates to an apparatus and a method for checking value documents, in particular bank notes, and a value-document processing system.
- properties of bank notes such as e.g. printed image, denomination, authenticity and condition, are ascertained by capturing physical properties of the bank notes by means of sensors and evaluating the thereby generated sensor data.
- the bank notes For checking the bank notes, their remission and/or transmission properties are often utilized.
- one bank note is irradiated with the light of one or several light sources and the light remitted, i.e. diffusely reflected, or transmitted by the bank note is captured by means of one or several sensors.
- the remission or transmission curves ascertained in this way may deviate from the actual remission or transmission behavior of the bank note.
- LEDs light-emitting diodes
- artifacts may occur in particular regions of the remission or transmission curves, which do not correspond to the actual properties of the bank note.
- the apparatus according to the invention for checking value documents has: at least two radiation sources for giving off electromagnetic radiation with which a value document is irradiated; at least one sensor for capturing the electromagnetic radiation emanating from the value document, in particular directly or diffusely reflected and/or transmitted by the value document, and generating corresponding sensor signals, with components assigned to the radiation sources; an evaluation device which is configured to derive corrected sensor signals from the sensor signals generated by the at least one sensor taking into account at least one spectral property of the electromagnetic radiation of the at least two radiation sources, upon deriving the corrected sensor signals there being formed at least one linear combination from the sensor signals' components assigned to the different radiation sources.
- the method according to the invention for checking value documents has the following steps: irradiating a value document with electromagnetic radiation of at least two radiation sources; capturing the electromagnetic radiation emanating from the value document, in particular directly or diffusely reflected and/or transmitted by the value document, and generating corresponding sensor signals, with components assigned to the radiation sources; deriving corrected sensor signals from the sensor signals generated by the at least one sensor taking into account at least one spectral property of the electromagnetic radiation of the at least two radiation sources, upon deriving the corrected sensor signals there being formed at least one linear combination from the sensor signals' components assigned to the different radiation sources.
- the value-document processing system has at least one apparatus for processing, in particular conveying and/or counting and/or sorting, value documents, in particular bank notes, and is characterized by the apparatus according to the invention for checking value documents.
- the invention is based on the idea that the reflection or transmission signals generated upon capturing the light reflected and/or transmitted by the value document by means of sensors, which signals preferably together represent a spectral reflection and/or transmission signal pattern, are subjected to a correction in which corrected reflection or transmission signals, which preferably together represent a corrected spectral reflection or transmission signal pattern, are obtained.
- a correction in which corrected reflection or transmission signals, which preferably together represent a corrected spectral reflection or transmission signal pattern, are obtained.
- at least one spectral property of the electromagnetic radiation given off by at least two radiation sources is utilized.
- the spectral property of the electromagnetic radiation taken into account may here refer to any property, in particular to the intensity, of the electromagnetic radiation given off by the radiation source at one or several wavelengths or in one or several wavelength regions.
- the spectral property of the electromagnetic radiation taken into account refers to a value for the radiation intensity of a radiation source in the region of a first wavelength of a main emission and to a corresponding value in the region of a second wavelength of a further emission which is also referred to as an auxiliary emission.
- the spectral property of the electromagnetic radiation taken into account refers to a value for the radiation intensity in the region of a first wavelength of a main emission as well as to several respective values in regions of further wavelengths of further emissions which are also referred to as auxiliary emissions.
- the spectral property may also refer to a wavelength-dependent intensity pattern in a broader wavelength region of the electromagnetic radiation, respectively emitted by the radiation sources, in which wavelength region in particular the main emission and the auxiliary emission or the auxiliary emissions are included.
- the spectral property of the electromagnetic radiation can also be taken into account in the form of parameters which are derived from the above-mentioned properties, in particular from the intensity values at particular wavelengths or in certain wavelength regions, such as e.g. quotients, differences or sums from the stated intensity values.
- the spectral property of at least one light source can be taken into account when evaluating the sensor signals.
- the invention thereby allows a substantially more precise ascertaining of the reflection and/or transmission properties of value documents.
- the at least one spectral property of the electromagnetic radiation of the at least two radiation sources is preferably given by at least one spectral distribution of the electromagnetic radiation of the at least two radiation sources.
- the spectral distributions of the n radiation sources differ from each other.
- the corrected sensor signals match the actual reflection or transmission pattern of the value document with even higher accuracy.
- At least one spectral distribution of the electromagnetic radiation of the radiation sources is given by a first spectral distribution of the electromagnetic radiation given off by the radiation sources and a second spectral distribution which is different from the first spectral distribution.
- the first spectral distribution of the electromagnetic radiation given off by the radiation source corresponds to a spectral distribution with a main emission and at least one auxiliary emission.
- a second spectral distribution preferably corresponds to the first spectral distribution but without having the at least one auxiliary emission.
- the first spectral distribution is ascertained by measuring, e.g. by means of spectrometer, the radiation source or with the aid of associated data sheets.
- the second spectral distribution can then be derived from the first spectral distribution by eliminating the auxiliary emission.
- a particularly reliable and precise correction of the sensor signals can be achieved in particular with respect to disturbing influences due to auxiliary emissions.
- the corrected sensor signals are calculated by multiplying the generated sensor signals R with a correction matrix B.
- the correction matrix B has at least one non-diagonal element different from 0.
- the at least one spectral property of the electromagnetic radiation of the radiation sources is given by at least one parameter which characterizes one or several spectral portions, in particular the intensity, of the electromagnetic radiation of the radiation source, in particular at one or several wavelengths or wavelength regions.
- the parameter there can be additionally taken into account the sensitivity of the respective sensor in particular at the mentioned wavelengths or wavelength regions.
- the parameter preferably corresponds to a product of the intensity of the radiation emitted by a radiation source at a particular wavelength and the sensitivity of the respective sensor at this wavelength.
- the at least one parameter can also be derived from two or several intensity values and, where applicable, sensor sensitivity values at respectively different wavelengths, for example by forming a quotient.
- the relevant spectral properties of the radiation sources can be easily taken into account upon the correction of the sensor signals, so that even with spectral reflection or transmission curves in a wide spectral region, e.g. between 400 and 1100 nm, relatively low computing capacities are sufficient for enabling a real-time correction of the sensor signals.
- At least one first parameter a 1 characterizes the spectral portion of a main emission of the electromagnetic radiation of the radiation source and at least one second parameter a 2 the spectral portion of an emission occurring in addition to the main emission, a so-called auxiliary emission, of the electromagnetic radiation of the radiation source.
- the evaluation device in such a way that the corrected sensor signals are derived from the sensor signals taking into account the first and second parameter a 1 and a 2 or a parameter a derived from the first and second parameter a 1 and a 2 , which parameter a corresponds in particular to the quotient a 1 /a 2 of the first and second parameter a 1 or a 2 .
- the correction parameter a being directly obtainable by measuring the spectral distribution of the light given off by the radiation sources and the detector sensitivity.
- this can also be calculated from the measured sensor signal R and the values r 1 and r 2 obtained by means of spectrometer measurement in a calibrating document, according to
- the corrected sensor signals are normalized with the aid of corrected reference signals, the corrected reference signals being derived from reference signals generated by the at least one sensor upon the capture of the electromagnetic radiation emanating from a reference document, a so-called white reference, taking into account the at least one spectral property of the electromagnetic radiation of the at least two radiation sources.
- a reference document a so-called white reference
- the corrected reference signals used upon the normalization of the corrected sensor signals are thus preferably corrected analogously to the sensor signals.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a schematic construction of a value-document processing system
- FIG. 2 shows examples of a uncorrected remission curve and a remission curve measured with a spectrometer
- FIG. 3 shows examples of a corrected remission curve and a remission curve measured with a spectrometer
- FIG. 4 shows examples of the emission of different light sources
- FIG. 5 shows an example of a commutative diagram of illustration.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a schematic construction of a value-document processing system 1 having an input pocket 2 in which a stack of value documents, in particular bank notes 3 , to be processed is supplied, and a singler 8 by which the respective lowermost bank note of the inputted stack is grasped and delivered to a transport device 10 —rendered only schematically in the chosen representation—which conveys the bank note in the transport direction T to a sensor device 20 .
- the sensor device 20 in the represented example comprises light sources 24 and 25 —represented only very schematically—for irradiating the bank note with light, in particular in the visible and/or infrared and/or ultraviolet spectral region, as well as a first, second and third sensor 21 , 22 or 23 which is respectively preferably configured as a so-called line-scan camera and captures light emanating from the bank note by means of sensor elements arranged along a line, in particular in the visible and/or infrared and/or ultraviolet spectral region, and converts it into corresponding sensor signals.
- light sources 24 and 25 represented only very schematically—for irradiating the bank note with light, in particular in the visible and/or infrared and/or ultraviolet spectral region, as well as a first, second and third sensor 21 , 22 or 23 which is respectively preferably configured as a so-called line-scan camera and captures light emanating from the bank note by means of sensor elements arranged along a line, in particular in the visible and/or inf
- LEDs light-emitting diodes
- two light sources 24 and 25 are indicated, it may be preferred to provide more than two light sources.
- any other light sources such as fluorescent lamps, flashbulbs, (filtered) incandescent lamps, or the like, for the inventive method.
- the at least two light sources can also be realized by a light source in conjunction with at least one connectable filter, provided that at least two individually addressable, differing spectra are made available thereby.
- this constellation is further described as two light sources or several light sources.
- the sensor device 20 has several light sources which emit light in different spectral regions.
- the respective spectral regions of the light sources can be selected in such a way that together they emit light in the spectral region in which the remission or transmission behavior of the bank note is to be checked.
- this spectral region is between about 350 and 1100 nm.
- three LEDs can be combined which respectively emit light in the ultraviolet, visible and near-infrared spectral region.
- the first and second sensors 21 and 22 capture light remitted, i.e. diffusely reflected, and/or directly reflected, by the front side or back side of the bank note and convert it into corresponding sensor signals.
- the third sensor 23 located in the region of the front side of the bank note captures light given off by a light source 24 and impinging on the bank note preferably obliquely and passing through it, i.e. transmitted light, and converts it into respective sensor signals.
- the line with the sensor elements of the respective sensors 21 , 22 or 23 extends substantially perpendicular to the transport direction T of the bank notes, so that with every read-out operation of the sensor line of the respective sensors 21 , 22 or 23 there is obtained a sensor signal pattern along the sensor line, which corresponds to an intensity pattern of the light which is transmitted or remitted by the bank note in a direction extending perpendicular to the transport direction T.
- the shown sensor device 20 is preferably configured to check remission curves and/or transmission curves at different places of a bank note.
- a bank note For this purpose, respectively one place of the bank note is illuminated with light from one of the light sources 24 , 25 with a particular wavelength and the light remitted or transmitted by the bank note is detected with one of the sensors 21 , 22 or 23 and converted into respective sensor signals.
- these sensor signals are then respectively divided by reference signal ascertained with the aid of a white reference, thereby at the wavelength ⁇ a normalized remission value or transmission value being obtained at that place of the bank note.
- the bank note is illuminated successively with light of different wavelengths and the respectively remitted or transmitted light is captured.
- the bank note is illuminated successively with light of different wavelengths and the respectively remitted or transmitted light is captured.
- the respectively remitted or transmitted light is captured.
- up to (n ⁇ 1) light sources can be active simultaneously.
- the light sources 24 and 25 are clocked so fast here that the bank note has hardly moved during one cycle in which all different wavelengths are switched through, in spite of the transport, so that for all the different wavelengths the measurement is performed at substantially the same place of the bank note. In this way, for this place there is not only obtained a remission value or transmission value, where applicable normalized, but a remission curve or transmission curve, where applicable normalized.
- the sensor signals, in particular the corresponding remission or transmission curves, generated by the sensors 21 to 23 of the sensor device 20 are forwarded to a control device 50 and an evaluation device 51 .
- the evaluation device 51 can be contained in the control device 50 or else form a unit separate from the control device 50 .
- the evaluation device ( 51 ) has in particular a memory function for the provision of correction parameters calculated in advance, which are used for the calculation of corrected sensor signals.
- the sensor signals are utilized for checking the bank note, from the respective sensor signals there being derived statements about various properties of the respective bank note, such as e.g. authenticity, degree of soiling, wear, defects, and the presence of foreign objects, such as e.g. adhesive tape.
- the transport device 10 as well as the gates 11 and 12 along the transport line are controlled by the control device 50 such that the bank note is fed to one of a plurality of output pockets 30 and 31 and deposited there.
- bank notes that were recognized as authentic are deposited in a first output pocket 30
- bank notes classified as false or suspect are placed in a second output pocket 31 .
- the reference number 13 at the end of the represented transport line is intended to indicate that there can be provided further output pockets and/or other devices, for example for storing or destroying bank notes. If the check of a bank note yields for example that it is authentic, but does not meet certain fitness criteria with regard to soiling, wear, defects or the presence of foreign objects, it can be fed directly to a shredder for destruction.
- the value-document processing system 1 further comprises, in the represented example, an input/output device 40 for inputting data and/or control commands by an operating person, for example by means of a keyboard or a touchscreen, and outputting or displaying data and/or information about the processing operation, in particular about the respectively processed bank notes.
- an input/output device 40 for inputting data and/or control commands by an operating person, for example by means of a keyboard or a touchscreen, and outputting or displaying data and/or information about the processing operation, in particular about the respectively processed bank notes.
- corrected sensor signals in particular respective corrected remission or transmission curves, which reproduce the actual remission or transmission behavior of the bank note substantially more precisely than the uncorrected remission or transmission curves, are preferably utilized for checking the bank note. This is explained in more detail in the following.
- FIG. 2 shows an uncorrected remission curve 15 in the spectral region between about 400 and 1050 nm which was obtained with the sensor device 20 in comparison with a remission curve 16 measured with a calibrated spectrometer which reproduce the actual remission behavior of the viewed place of the bank note.
- the uncorrected remission curve 15 shows remarkable artifacts which in this example appear as pointed remission peaks at about 590 nm and about 650 nm.
- these remission peaks occur in spite of a normalization of the remission curve 16 by means of reference signals which were ascertained at a white reference.
- FIG. 3 shows a remission curve 17 , which was corrected according to the invention, in the spectral region between about 400 and 1050 nm in comparison to the remission curve 16 measured with a spectrometer.
- the pattern of the corrected remission curve 17 matches considerably better with the pattern of the remission curve 16 measured with the spectrometer than is the case with the uncorrected remission curve 15 (cf. FIG. 2 ).
- the spectral illumination distributions of LEDs correspond to laser-like Dirac-functions at the corresponding wavelengths, i.e. they have a “needle-shaped” spectral intensity distribution of the emitted light around a nominal wavelength.
- the spectral illumination distributions of real LEDs normally have a certain extent around the nominal wavelength, so that the remission spectrum is somewhat smoothed.
- This emission of light in connection with the invention is also referred to as a main emission.
- some LEDs also show, besides the main emission, auxiliary emissions in completely different wavelength regions, which alter the form of the remission curve in a surprisingly striking and particularly disturbing manner.
- the approach according to the invention for correcting the remission or transmission curves is based on the finding that disturbing artifacts, in particular remission or transmission peaks, can be caused by auxiliary emissions of the respective light sources, in particular LEDs.
- the preferred correction methods for the calculated elimination or at least reduction of these effects are explained in more detail in the following.
- the original remission or transmission curves can be easily smoothed in the region of the wavelengths of LEDs with auxiliary emissions, e.g. with a sliding mean value over three intermediate points.
- the representation of the curves is smoothed in a simple and fast manner hereby, there are possibly generated also new artifacts, in particular in the case of strongly structured remission or transmission spectra with steep flanks.
- the generated sensor signals for a remission curve are simulated.
- the sensor device 20 captures the main emissions as well as the auxiliary emissions of the light sources 24 , 25 and the remission and transmission caused thereby.
- I ( I k )
- A ( A ki )
- r ( r i )
- the vector I is preferably normalized by a white balance. For this,
- a correction of the generated sensor signals i.e. of the measured remission curves, can then be performed as follows.
- the remission vector r with the discretization at m wavelengths is mapped either without auxiliary emissions with A 0 onto the (correct) sensor signals BR in the n radiation channels, or alternatively over the measurement with auxiliary emissions (R) and the following correction thereof over the correction matrix B.
- the described correction method allows a reliable elimination or at least reduction of remission or transmission peaks due to auxiliary emissions of the light sources, so that this method can be utilized—particularly in sensor and/or evaluation devices with a sufficiently high computing power—in an advantageous manner.
- a spectral correction is effected here under a change of the form of the remission spectrum.
- This correction is dynamic, i.e. the correction parameter does not only depend on the systematic (static) alternating disturbances among the radiation source channels, but also on the currently measured values of the radiation source channels involved.
- a reliable correction of the sensor signals can be performed even with lower computing capacities on a real-time basis.
- such LEDs which respectively have at most one auxiliary emission which is preferably near a wavelength at which one or several of the respective other LEDs is or are available which for its or their part preferably has or have no auxiliary emission.
- the wavelength of the main emission of the other LED is offset by less than 120 nm from the wavelength of the auxiliary emission of the first LED, more preferably by less than 50 nm, even more preferably by less than 10 nm, depending on the desired spectral resolution of the transmission or remission curves and the number of light sources.
- the intensity I of the emission of two light sources 24 , 24 ′ is represented by way of example.
- the second light source 24 ′ is required which has a main emission with a wavelength identical with or similar to the wavelength ⁇ 2 of the auxiliary emission of the first light source 24 to be corrected.
- a main emission at 570 nm it has turned out, for example, that there is often an auxiliary emission at 850-870 nm. Therefore, for the correction a second LED is used, which has a main emission at approx. 850 nm.
- a light source 24 has a main emission at a wavelength A 1 and only one auxiliary emission at a second wavelength ⁇ 2 one obtains instead of the actual normalized remission value r 1 /w 1 the quotient
- R r 1 + ar 2 1 + a .
- the unfalsified i.e. actual, value r 2 /w 2 and the correction parameter a one can calculate the corrected, i.e. actual, value r 1 /w r of the normalized remission.
- the correction parameter a ⁇ a 2 /a 1 is preferably determined with the aid of two methods.
- the a i are determined directly via the product of the measured spectral distributions of the light emission of the light source 24 and the measured sensitivity of the detector or the detectors at the wavelength ⁇ i .
- the intensities of the main and auxiliary emission of the first light source 24 with the auxiliary emission and the detector sensitivities must be measured at the wavelengths ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 .
- the intensity of the further light source 24 ′ which with its main emission emits in the region of ⁇ 2 does not necessarily have to be measured.
- the correction parameter a is calculated from the known quantities R (sensor signals, normalized where applicable) and the actual remission r 1 , r 2 of a test sample characterized in advance:
- test sample may be known by using standard color charts, or be determined by a direct measurement with a spectrometer at the test sample.
- the test sample here preferably has sufficiently high remission values >0.2, particularly preferred >0.5, so that sufficiently high signal intensities and thus a sufficient accuracy is achieved upon the determination of a.
- the invention also comprises the variants and implementations set forth in the following.
- the spectral illumination contributions may not only come from the main and auxiliary emissions of individual light sources, but may also be due to a simultaneous illumination of the value document with at least two light sources having different spectral distribution.
- the correction of the sensor signals according to the invention via the algorithm according to the invention enables a correct extraction of the remission or transmission curves in this case as well.
- LED A emits light in the UV region, LED B in the visible (VIS) or IR region. Then, the UV signal can be ascertained without a sole irradiation of the bank note by the UV LED being required.
- the sensor device 20 is arranged such that the bank note is irradiated always simultaneously with LEDs of different wavelength regions. For example, one can illuminate the bank note simultaneously with the different overlappings of LEDs A+B+C, of LEDs A+B, and of LEDs A+C successively.
- the algorithm according to the invention can then be employed as described above, when the spectra of the individual LED light emissions are used through the spectra of the k th combined LED overlappings.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Inspection Of Paper Currency And Valuable Securities (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
and the correction parameter a being directly obtainable by measuring the spectral distribution of the light given off by the radiation sources and the detector sensitivity. Alternatively, this can also be calculated from the measured sensor signal R and the values r1 and r2 obtained by means of spectrometer measurement in a calibrating document, according to
I k =∫S k(λ)D(λ)r(λ)dλ,
wherein Sk(λ) is the illumination distribution of channel k, i.e. of the kth LED, D(λ) the detector sensitivity, i.e. the sensitivity of the sensor, and r(λ) the actual remission curve of the bank note.
I k =∫D(λk)r(λk),
i.e. the obtained sensor signal Ik would correspond to the actual remission r(λk) except for to the calibrating factor D(λk). As in the case of a white balance this calibrating factor would be cancelled, with an illumination distribution in the form of Dirac functions one would thus obtain the precise remission values.
With the notations
I=(I k),A=(A ki),r=(r i)
one obtains/as a matrix multiplication of r with A
I=Ar.
is calculated, wherein
w=(w i)=(w(λi))
corresponds to the actual remission curve of a so-called white reference, i.e. a reference having equally high remission values near 1 in the respectively viewed spectral region.
would then be obtained.
AA + A=A and A + AA+=A +,
(I k)=a k r(λk),
with a weighting factor of ak. If the remission is measured relative to a white reference, i.e. is normalized by means of reference signals obtained with the aid of the white reference, the weighting factor ak is cancelled:
With a2/a1=a and the assumptions w1=w2=1 one obtains
Claims (18)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014015746 | 2014-10-24 | ||
DE102014015746.6A DE102014015746A1 (en) | 2014-10-24 | 2014-10-24 | Device and method for checking value documents, in particular banknotes, as well as value document processing system |
DE102014015746.6 | 2014-10-24 | ||
PCT/EP2015/002120 WO2016062409A1 (en) | 2014-10-24 | 2015-10-23 | Apparatus and method for checking value documents, particularly banknotes, and value document handling system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20170309106A1 US20170309106A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
US10109133B2 true US10109133B2 (en) | 2018-10-23 |
Family
ID=54477993
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US15/521,376 Active US10109133B2 (en) | 2014-10-24 | 2015-10-23 | Apparatus and method for checking value documents, particularly bank notes, and value document handling system |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10109133B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3210195B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102014015746A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016062409A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102016002897A1 (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2016-11-03 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Value document processing device with a data communication system and method for distributing sensor data in a value-document processing device |
CN107481391B (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2019-11-19 | 广州广电运通金融电子股份有限公司 | The detection method and device of bank note scribble |
Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030231785A1 (en) * | 1993-11-18 | 2003-12-18 | Rhoads Geoffrey B. | Watermark embedder and reader |
US20040051862A1 (en) * | 2000-10-13 | 2004-03-18 | Alcock Robin Daniel | Detection of printing and coating media |
EP1403333A1 (en) | 2002-09-24 | 2004-03-31 | Sicpa Holding S.A. | Method and ink sets for marking and authenticating articles |
US20060251320A1 (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2006-11-09 | Carsten Diederichs | Methods for qualitative evaluation of a material with at least one identification characteristic |
DE102008064389A1 (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2010-06-24 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Method and device for detecting optical properties of a value document |
EP2308031A1 (en) | 2008-07-29 | 2011-04-13 | MEI, Inc. | Classifying and discriminating an item of currency based on the item's spectral response |
US8077231B2 (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2011-12-13 | Fujifilm Corporation | Imaging apparatus containing a solid-state imaging device and imaging method |
DE102011016509A1 (en) | 2011-04-08 | 2012-10-11 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Method for checking value documents |
US8358318B2 (en) * | 2009-07-31 | 2013-01-22 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method for reproducing an image on an imaging device |
US8593476B2 (en) * | 2008-02-13 | 2013-11-26 | Gary Demos | System for accurately and precisely representing image color information |
US9128055B2 (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2015-09-08 | Sony Corporation | Information processing apparatus, information processing method, program, and method of correcting intensity of fluorescence spectrum |
-
2014
- 2014-10-24 DE DE102014015746.6A patent/DE102014015746A1/en active Pending
-
2015
- 2015-10-23 US US15/521,376 patent/US10109133B2/en active Active
- 2015-10-23 WO PCT/EP2015/002120 patent/WO2016062409A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-10-23 EP EP15791248.6A patent/EP3210195B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030231785A1 (en) * | 1993-11-18 | 2003-12-18 | Rhoads Geoffrey B. | Watermark embedder and reader |
US20040051862A1 (en) * | 2000-10-13 | 2004-03-18 | Alcock Robin Daniel | Detection of printing and coating media |
EP1857985A1 (en) | 2000-10-13 | 2007-11-21 | The Governor and Company of the Bank of England | Detection of printing and coating media |
EP1403333A1 (en) | 2002-09-24 | 2004-03-31 | Sicpa Holding S.A. | Method and ink sets for marking and authenticating articles |
US20060017957A1 (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2006-01-26 | Bend Kurzmann Mathias Pieroth | Method and ink sets for marking and authenticating articles |
US20060251320A1 (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2006-11-09 | Carsten Diederichs | Methods for qualitative evaluation of a material with at least one identification characteristic |
US8077231B2 (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2011-12-13 | Fujifilm Corporation | Imaging apparatus containing a solid-state imaging device and imaging method |
US8593476B2 (en) * | 2008-02-13 | 2013-11-26 | Gary Demos | System for accurately and precisely representing image color information |
US20110187095A1 (en) * | 2008-07-29 | 2011-08-04 | Mei, Inc. | Classifying and discriminating an item of currency based on the item's spectral response |
EP2308031A1 (en) | 2008-07-29 | 2011-04-13 | MEI, Inc. | Classifying and discriminating an item of currency based on the item's spectral response |
DE102008064389A1 (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2010-06-24 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Method and device for detecting optical properties of a value document |
US8358318B2 (en) * | 2009-07-31 | 2013-01-22 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method for reproducing an image on an imaging device |
DE102011016509A1 (en) | 2011-04-08 | 2012-10-11 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Method for checking value documents |
US20140125968A1 (en) | 2011-04-08 | 2014-05-08 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Method for Checking Value Documents |
US9418499B2 (en) | 2011-04-08 | 2016-08-16 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Method for checking value documents |
US9128055B2 (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2015-09-08 | Sony Corporation | Information processing apparatus, information processing method, program, and method of correcting intensity of fluorescence spectrum |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
German Search Report for corresponding German Application No. 102014015746.6, dated May 11, 2015. |
International Search Report for corresponding International PCT Application No. PCT/EP2015/002120, dated Feb. 12, 2016. |
Zhang et al., "Estimation of Reflectance from Camera Responses by the Regularized Local Linear Model," Optics Letters, Oct. 1, 2011, pp. 3933-3935, vol. 36, No. 19. |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102014015746A1 (en) | 2016-04-28 |
WO2016062409A1 (en) | 2016-04-28 |
EP3210195B1 (en) | 2023-09-20 |
EP3210195A1 (en) | 2017-08-30 |
US20170309106A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US8107712B2 (en) | Method and testing device for testing valuable documents | |
US9761077B2 (en) | Bank note processing system having a combined florescence and phosphorescence detection system | |
US9147108B2 (en) | Method for checking an optical security feature of a value document | |
US20110121203A1 (en) | Authentication apparatus for moving value documents | |
JP2007323655A (en) | Method and apparatus for validating banknote | |
JP2002510102A (en) | Method and apparatus for inspecting articles | |
US10109133B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for checking value documents, particularly bank notes, and value document handling system | |
US8212205B2 (en) | Device and method for verifying valuable documents | |
US9031307B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for checking documents of value | |
RU2301453C2 (en) | Method and device for checking authenticity of sheet material | |
US9989411B2 (en) | Sensor and method for checking authenticity of valuable documents with a luminscent security feature | |
ES2974688T3 (en) | Verification of authenticity of valuable documents | |
US11823522B2 (en) | Completeness check of a value document | |
US10573113B2 (en) | Device and method for checking value documents for marking ink | |
US7742154B2 (en) | Method and device for testing valuable documents | |
WO2019230182A1 (en) | Cereal gloss measurement apparatus | |
US8203457B1 (en) | Portable currency reader and process for detection of currency value | |
CA2828377C (en) | Method for checking value documents | |
US20230069662A1 (en) | Optical sensor for examining valuable documents | |
US7873199B2 (en) | Method and device for verifying valuable documents | |
US20190114864A1 (en) | Apparatus and method for checking the authenticity of a security element | |
US20230186712A1 (en) | Method and device for testing a substrate with a luminescent substance | |
US20230274599A1 (en) | Sensor and method for checking value documents, in particular bank notes, and value document processing apparatus | |
US20180293830A1 (en) | Authentication apparatus and method | |
US20240135768A1 (en) | Sensor for verifying the luminescence of value documents |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: GIESECKE & DEVRIENT GMBH, GERMANY Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:FRANKENBERGER, JOERG;GIERING, THOMAS;RAUSCHER, WOLFGANG;SIGNING DATES FROM 20161114 TO 20161130;REEL/FRAME:042125/0218 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: GIESECKE+DEVRIENT CURRENCY TECHNOLOGY GMBH, GERMAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:GIESECKE DEVRIENT GMBH;REEL/FRAME:043178/0041 Effective date: 20170707 Owner name: GIESECKE+DEVRIENT CURRENCY TECHNOLOGY GMBH, GERMANY Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:GIESECKE & DEVRIENT GMBH;REEL/FRAME:043178/0041 Effective date: 20170707 Owner name: GIESECKE+DEVRIENT CURRENCY TECHNOLOGY GMBH, GERMAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:GIESECKE & DEVRIENT GMBH;REEL/FRAME:043178/0041 Effective date: 20170707 |
|
STCF | Information on status: patent grant |
Free format text: PATENTED CASE |
|
MAFP | Maintenance fee payment |
Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 4TH YEAR, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M1551); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY Year of fee payment: 4 |