US1010006A - Machine for treating fibrous material. - Google Patents

Description

6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Patented Nov.28, 1911.

D .o y A ....Ill... W N ma Elk l ...1 .l1 I n .L

J. M. WORTH.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 13, 1905.

MACHINE FR TREATING PIBROUS MATERIAL.

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WL'. E E E.

J. M. WRTH.

MACHINE POR TRBATING PIBROUS MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 1s, 1905.

1,010,006. Patented N0v.28,1911.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2. L jg a ff` J. M. WORTH.

MACHINE FOR TREATING FIBROUS MATERIAL.

APPLIUATION FILED JULY 13, 1905.

1. x V, mm. Em mm y NE o mm W m :7S m ve E -IEEEE :Y WKZ?? by I J. M. WORTH.

MACHINE PoR TRBATING rI-BBoUs MATERIAL.

A'PPLIOATION FILED JULY 13, 1905.

1,010,006. Patented Nov.28, 1911.

5 L y y Y 6 SHEETS-BHEET 4. l 7- f Y .n 1\ ...y Y W J. M. WORTH. MACHINE POP. TRBATING FIBRoUs MATERIAL.

` i APPLICATION FILED JULY 13, 1905. 1-,o11o;oo6,.

e SHEETS-SHEET e.

Patented Nox/.28, 1911.

WORTH. MACHINE FOR TREATING PIBROUS MATERIAL.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 13, 1905.

Patented Nov.28, 1911.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

l VET UNITED STATES APATInIT orFIcE JAMES M. Woa'rn, or cnIcAeo, ILLINOIS.

`'aumentan For. TREATING rIBnoUs MATERIAL Speclcation of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 28, 1911.

Aplication led July 13, 1905. Serial No. 269,441.

Tooll whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAnns M. WORTH, a citizen offthe United States, and a resident of the city of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain newr and useful Improvements in Machines for Treating Fibrous Material,

and I do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, andexact description of the same, reference being had to the, accompanying drawings, and to the letters ofrefer'ence marked thereon, which form a part of this specification;

This inventionrelates to improvements in machines for treating fibrous material and more particularly' to a machine adapted to break andscutch .fibrous `materials such as hemp, sisal grass, ax or other ber producing materials. heretofore constructedk for this purpose the breaking Aand the Ascutching mechanisms vhave been built and operated as separate machines. Some of .the machines heretofore constructed have been designed to break and scutch the material from both ends of the stalksor leaves toward the middle, and in conse uence the ends of the bers at both ends of t e stalk are subjected to the scutch- -ing operation muchV longer than the middle thereof and in consequence become much abraded,'frayed and worn away to such an extent'that the ber is much shortened andy a considerable part of the value isflost in a fine flint that is expelled from the machine with the boon or other cellular matter. As a rule the loss from injury to the ends of the `'bers approximates twenty per cent. and

the bers at themiddle of the stalks are usually not entirely cleaned of cellular matter though the ends are thus injured.. In many such machines it is dicult if not impossible to insure a ositive and a regulable feed for nsome of the machines with center or'with theA ends advanced as preferred.

A further object of the invention is to afford continuously operating coacting breaking rolls between which the material isthor oughly broken and from which thematerial is continuously delivered to the scutching mechanism. Y

It isa further object of this invention to' afford means for positively engaging the stock or material to be treated atapproximately the middle and transversely thereof and to carry the same continuously through the scutching mechanism and -toaord means during the passagethrough` the scutching `mechanism for thoroughly scutching the material treated for its entire length exee t: lgthe part engaged in the carrying mee g.

msm and tocontinuously subject the inatei rial to an air blast during the operationi.

It is furthermore an object of the inventionto shift the engagement of the carrier with the material from the point where rst engaged .during thel passage throu h the scutching mechanism thus enabling al parts of the material to be scutched.

Furthermore it is an important object of the invention to provide means for saving, the lint heretofore usually lost and reprel* senting from 5 to 10% of the ber.

It is also an object ofthe invention tofeon' struct a strong simple and automatic chine of the class described in which the loss or destruction of ber is reduced to -a minimum while thoroughly cleaning the same and which delivers the ber in a commercial conditionpreserving the full 'length' of the bers or vharl.

VThe invention embraces many novel feai tures and consists in the matters hereinafter described and more fully pointedout and dened in the appended claims.

' yIn the drawings: Figure 1 is a central vertical section of a machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a reduced side elevation of the same with a part ofthe feed mechanism broken away. Fig. 3 `is a section taken on line 3--3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a fragmentary top plan view .with the'top casing and a part of the feed mechanism broken away. Fig. 5 is an enlarged section taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary sideelevation of the front or feed end of the machine. Fig. 7 is an enlarged fragmentary top plan `of a part of the feed to the breaking rolls showing the parallel adjustment of the same. Fig. 8 is a similar view showing the adjustment to deliver the ends of the stock to the breaking rolls in advance of the center. Fig. 9 is a similar View showing the adjustment to deliver the center in advance ofthe ends of the stock. Fig. 10 is an enlarged side elevation and longitudinal section respectively of a lower and an upper breaking roll. Fig. 11 is an enlarged, side elevation of a part of the bearing for the breaking rolls. Fig. 12 is an enlarged perspective view partly in section and partly broken of the carrier through the scutching mechanism. Fig. 13 is a view in side elevation of a modified carrier; Fig. 14 is an end view of the same. F ig., 15 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view of one of the feed chains for delivering the material to the rolls. Fig.-

16 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view partly 'in section of one set of the feeders for delivering material to the feed table and the feed chains. Fig. 17 is a fragmentary longitudinal section of the pneumatic spout through which the boon or other cellular matter and the lint is delivered and illustrates the means for catching and retaining the lint. mentary detail illustrating the connection of the air pipes with the central tubular rib or support of the carrier. Fig. 19'is an enlarged top plan view of the exhaust fan. Fig. 20 is a transverse section of oneof the scutching cylinders. Fig. 21 is a fragmentary enlarged to `plan view'of the same.

As shown in the rawings: A rigid frame is provided for said machine comprising as shown angle bar or other suitable side sills A, and end sills a-a affording a rectangular frame on which at the corners are engaged posts or uprights L2-a3 and such other intermediate posts, uprights or braces as may be necessary but which for convenience of illustration are not shown in the drawings. Supported on the post cl2- a3 are upper side sills A and up er transverse sills, A2, a* and a5. A channe bar a is secured transversely between and near the front ends of the sills A and secured thereto is a transverse bolster a7 extending beneath the frame and beneath which and secured by means of a king bolt a8 thereto is a front axle a on which are wheels supporting the front end of the machine. Atthe rear end of the machine a boxing am is secured upon each of the side sills A in whichis journaled the axle al1 for the rear wheels alL2 which support the rear end of the machine.

The upper sills A extend forwardly beyond the upright a. and are connected at their outerend by transverse angle bars als and are rigidly secured to the main frame by brace bars a which are rigidly engaged to the extremities of the sills A and extend Fig. 18 is an enlarged frag-v downwardly and are bolted, riveted, or

Aotherwise firmly secured, to the uprights as prising in part a series of cylinders journaled longitudinally of the machine. Beneath the scutching rolls is an exhaust fan which delivers the boon or other cellular matter and the lint from the machine.

Journaled upon suitablebearings b and extended below the top sills A is ajdriving shaft B provided at one end withaidriving pulley band at the same end `and outside the frame with a pinion b2. .'Journaled on a stud shaft B on the sideof the machine, adjacent the shaft B is a gear I2* which meshes with the pinion b2 and is provided on its side adjacent the Vmachine with v a pinion or 'gear shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2 and which meshes respectively with gears c and c also shown in dotted lines lin Fig. 2 and on the lower breaking roll shaft C and C2 which respectively intermesh with f the gears c2 and c3 on the upper breaking roll shafts C and C". As shown journaled to intermesh are gears c* and c5 on the lower and upper roll shafts C* and C?, C, C7, C and C", Yand journaled between each pair of lower gears is a transmitting gear or idler, ce which meshes with each pair of lower gears.

Secured on each roll shaft is va. longitud-i-v' jnally corrugated roll c of steel orlot-her suitable material afordingrounded peripheral ridges each of which intermeshesy 'iny a complemental groove in the corresponding upper or lowerroll and between which' the material or stock is passed in breaking.'

As shown the upper rear breaking roll shaft C is provided with a roll 012 on each end lof the shaft and between the inner ends of which land rotatably engaged on the shaft, is a sprocket wheel 013 for the scutching -feed mechanism. The bearings j for said roll shafts comprise each a. cast boxing c1 and c1 provided with arms above and below directed longitudinally with the machine and which are drilled in alinement as shown in Fig. l1 and through which extend rods c1" the lower ends of -which are engaged to the sill A through the flanges of the lower boxes which are rigidly bolted to said sills,

and the upper ends of which extend through a bar c19 between which andthe top of the upper boxes strong pushing springs 021 engage and act to hold the rolls at the lower` limit of their adjustment. Wires cmextend longitudinally of the machine around the "80 from the shaft D.

lower rolls lying in the grooves between the ribs thereon and afford a support for the material when passing between the rolls.

In `advance of the front pair of rolls is g provided a feed table D and beneath the same is a transverse shaft D. Sprocket wheels are secured on the shaft C8 andl thev Y 20 gressively to the rolls. Thel sprocket wheell d6 carried on the shaft D is rotatable'on 'the shaft D and the corresponding sprocket wheel d is rigidly secured on the shaft C8. The sprocket Wheels d and d8 are rigidly '25 secured upon the shaft D and the corre- `sponding sprocket wheels d10 and d are rotatably secured on the shaft C8, `thus driving the central chains Z3 from the sprocket wheel d1? on the roll shaft and the chains d and d2 l This permits several variations of feed by varying the-'size of the sprocket wheels on lthe shaft D. Inasmuch as all the sprocket wheels for the feed chains i are of the same size when the sprocket lwheel 13 on the-shaftD and the sprocket Wheel-d1'1L on the shaft C*3 are of equal size `the material shownby dotted lines in Fig. 7

is fed into4 the breaking lrolls, straight `and `parallel therewith.V 'Should however a `4'()`sr'r1aller sprocket wheellcils be substitutedvon the shaft D', said'shaft isjthereby `driven at a higher lrate ofrot-ation and the chains d .andai2 accelerate the "feed ofthe endsof the 1 material'pwhilethe feed at the center Ais less Y415 :rapidas/shown ,in-dotted lines. Fig. S thus .feedingl the butts or ends `of the material v into the machine first.v For certain material it. may be desirable `tofeed the middle into thefrolls lfirst for' this .purpose a larger en of the frame is acshaft E3 which is driven by the sprocket chain. vewhi.clh trains over a suitable sprocket on a shaft E which is driven from the shaftD by means of a sprocket chain e.f `Secured on said shaft E3 are three sets of oscillating and reciprocat sprocket wheel.(Zrlfis'secured upon the shaft ing feeders, one set located at the middle, and the others located on each side of the same. Eccentrics e5 and e are secured on the shaft E in closely adjacent pairs and are arranged to throw oppositely and on each of the same are engaged the yoked front ends of feed bars E* each provided upon its upper side with rearwardly directed teeth. Each of said bars is pivotally supported at its' middle on a bar or link e9 the 75 lower end of which is pivoted upon the frame so that as the shaft E3 is rotated one of said bars is given a rearward and upward movement while the corresponding bar secured on the adjacent eccentric is given a downward and forward movement. A't the front end of the machine is secured an upwardly curved plate or shield 61 1nto which the material to be fed into the ma- Achine is delivered. Said feeder bars separate the material gradually from the mass and deliver the same to the inclined conveyer belt E2 one end of which extends beneath the feeders and the other of which extends above the feed table.- When the material drops from the feeder to the conveyer the slight drop aids in adjust-ing the material square with'the belt and in the same manner the drop to the feed table vaids in arranging the material transversely of 95 the chains, whereby the stock is delivered to the breaking rolls.

From the breaking rolls the material is delivered to the scutching mechanism occupying the rear half of the machine. This consists in part of scutching cylinders extending longitudinally of the machine and provided withl inclined beaters which engage and scutch the material, removing the cellular matter. J ournaled upon the.trans verse sill A2 near the midde ofv thev frame and on the end sill at are arallel shafts F, and F on the .inner end o each of-which is `provided anl angle gear` f-f which' meshesv with a complementall angle gear f2` a se- 110 cured on the shaft B, as shown in Fig. 8. These gears-v are arrangedto rotate ,said shafts oppositely and as shown outwardly, and secured oneach of said shafts is a scutching cylinder which vfor approximately half its length is of'larger size than for the re mainder of its length. On the shaft F the smaller, end of the cylinder is vin advance of the larger,V and on the shaft F the larger end is in advance of the smaller. The no .smaller ends of the cylinders are somewhat longer than the larger as shown in Fig. 4. Each of said cylinders comprises a spider f5 lfor the larger end of each cylinder, a s ider ff forthe smaller end and a central spi er f1 .125

having arms f8 thereon equal in length to the arms of the spider f5 and provided as are likewise the arms of the spider f5 with a iianged head f on each arm. Secured also upon the arms of the spider f7 at the side 137' adjacent the spider f are internal brackets f at equal radial distances from the center with the'extremities of the arms on said spiders f". The s iders are secured on the shaft so that the eaters f1 and f1? are arranged obliquely as shown in Figs: 1, 4, .and 21 and with their engaging or front edges directed at an angle of about 27 degrees toward the rear or delivery end of the machine. Said beaters may be constructed of any suitable material and secured in any suitable manner to the spider arms and to the brackets on said spiders.

Supported on the transverse frame members a* and A2 is a longitudinal rail, rib, or bar G, extending .between the cylinders and having its top in the same plane as the top of the breaking rolls. Inasmuch as each of the cylinders has a large end and a small end of which the large end of one laps with the small end of the other as shown in Fig. 4, said bar or rib is offset laterally between the cylinders and between the spiders ff. Said rib as shown in Fig. l2 is tu ular and closed at each end and opening obliquely upwardly therefrom on each side thereof are apertures g distributed throughout the length of the rail or bar. Supported above the same is a corresponding tubular presser bar G2 on the under side of which is a channel g having its {ia-nges directed downwardly and spaced a short distance above the top of the rail G. Said presser bar G2 is provided with obliquely, upwardly opening apertures g2 as shown in Fig. 12 distributed throughout its length. Arching over said cylinders at approximately the center ofsaid bar or rail is an angle bar G3 on which is secured a hanger g4. Adjacent the front and rear ends of the cylinders are angle bars g6 the ends of which are bolted to the sills A and connecting and supported at its ends on which -is a bar g7 shown as T bar. Said presser bar G2, is supported upon the hanger g4 as shown in Fig. 5 and on hangers g8-g9--g0 and g11 secured on the T bar. At the central oHset on said rail or .rib G is provided a transverse bearing g5 in which is Journaled a shaft, having on each end of the same a sprocket wheel g1" g18 as shown in Fig. 5. A shaft G's extends transversely of the rear end of the machine and is provided 'with a sprocket wheel thereon g12 which receives a sprocket chain g15 trained over the sprocket wheel g1 on the central sprocket shaft and a corresponding sprocket chain g17 is trained around the central sprocket wheel g18 and 'the sprocket wheel c rotatably engaged on the breakingl roll shaft C. v y

The sprocket chains as shown are each provided on their outer side with outwardly directed teeth which extend downwardly on each side of the top of therail or bar G and the inner side of said chain fits within the channel g on the under side of the presser bar G2 and thereby holds said chain at unvarying distance from the rail G. A'sprocket chain y19 is trained around a suitable sprocket ing of sheet metal, -indicated above the breakingv rolls and feed chains by H, which lits closely above the rollsl and prevents dust, dirt or any part of the broken cellular material being thrown from the machine. Hinged upon the central T bar vare covers H and H2 which fit down upon the angle bars g6 at each Aend of the scutching cylinders. Said covers are provided with air inlet or draft apertures through their tops and sides as shown in Figs. 2 and 4 and slidably engaged over said apertures are apertured plates 7a2 adapted to regulate the size of said air inlets. As shown a closing plate 7L extends downwardly on the front angle bar g and in alike manner a closing plate l1. slotted transversel for the passage of the material therethrough and apertured for the upper lap of the chain g15 is provided at the rear end of the machine. Within the casing for the scutching cylinders, and also supported upon the hangers for the bar G2 are shields I, which are curved upwardly over the scutching cylinders in vclose proximity thereto.

Below the scutching cylinders yand con-V nected with vthe front and rear end of the frame is a metallic hopper K, at the bottom of which supported as shown horizontally is an exhaust fan K the dischargepipe 7c of which extends outwardly and rearwardly and is provided at its upper end with an enlarged downwardly directed spout c for the discharge of heavier cellular matter from the material treated. An approximately horizontally directed smaller spout k2 is provided above the spout is through which the lint is delivered to a basket or screen K2 which as shown is supported on the delivery pipe 70.

"on the exhaust fan shaft. A pulley k1 is provided on said shaft KE which drives the belt of the blower.

The operation is as follows: The material is delivered into the feed end of the machine and the feed bars by their oscillating and reciprocating movement separate the mate# rial into a layer of suitable thickness to'deliver to thebelt carrier E2. As the material drops on this the sam is straightened square wit the feed and the lags e2 aid in holding the material as it is carried to the chain feeders. The material is moved thereby over the feed table eitherstraight as shown in Fig. 7 or with the endsadvanced beyond the center or the center beyond the ends as may prove most advantageous for the particular material to be treated. After passing through the breaking rolls the material thoroughly central rall, rib or bar G. The teeth of the chain g17 immediately engage the material firmly upon the bar drawing the same inwardly between the cylinders, the beaters of which throw the ends of said material upwardly lover the periphery and beneath the' shield Iand strip all cellular material therefrom. The 'inclination ofthe beaters acts to carry the material along the cylinders and thus all parts ofthe material except that portion engaged by the chain and upon the rail G are scutched with greater 0r less thoroughness. As the material reaches the central bearing on said bar the chain g releases the same and the chain g16 vengages the material at one side of the point of former engagement. This exposes that portion formerly held by the chain g17 to the t operation ofthe beatersat the larger end able receiving means. During the entire of the cylinder on theshaft F. The Inaterial is carried progressively through'the machine and thoroughly scutched and delivered at 'the rear end thereof to any suitpassa e of the material alon the scutching cylin ers a strong upward last 'of air -is delivered both above and belowthe material through the bars G and G2. 'This not only aids in preventing injury to the ber but alsoV Vremoves any adherent material from the fiberl and owing to the upward inclination of the apertures in'said rails also aids -in elevating.4 the ends of the bers on the rolls. All the cellular material, dust, lint, and dirt are drawn in by the exhaust fan' dwnwardly and delivered out "of the machine through the pipe 7c. The coarser and heavier material falls through the large down spout le while the lintandv any broken liber is caught in the basket K" which as shown is constructed of'reticulated material such as wire net, and permits 'the air `to escape readily therethrough while retaining all fibrous material. l

As, shown in Figs. 13 and 14.- a lower sprocket chain L driven on suitable sprocket wheels may be substituted for the lrib o'r bar G in which case as shown the said lower chain. comprises a plurality of vconnected links affording approximately .a straight broken is deliveredupon the tween.

- which is of large diameter.

the teeth o the other chain overlap thus breaking the material downwardly over said rlower chains and firmly gripping while moving the same along between the cylinders.

If preferred the covers H and H2 for the scutching cylinders may be perforated as may also if desired the shields I, thus perf mitting the downward flow of air to hold the material more closely to the cylinder, thereby enablin the frictional eii'ect of the scutchlng cylin ers to be varied for certain classes of material. If desired also variations in the feed-#breaking and scutching mechanisms may be made. I therefor do not purpose limiting this application for patent otherwise than necessitated by the prior art as man details of construction and operation my be varied without depart- .ing from the principles of this invention.

I claim as my invention:

l. In a machine of the `class described scutching mechanism comprising longitudi-y nal, op'positely revolving, horizontal cylinders each constructed of'sections of different diameters, said cylinders reversely arranged for the greater diameter of one cylinder tolie opposite the smaller diameter of the other cylinder, means for carrying the material therebetween and means for' shifting the engagement' thereof to different 'arts 'of the material during the passage't erethrou h. -W

2." nl a machine ofthe class described a pair of scutching cylinders each havin one large end .offone' cylinder. adj aeent the small end of the` other and means-'longitudinally thereofacting to carry' therebe- In a machine 'of the class' described'a pair of oppositely rotating scutchingcylinf `ders'each having one large end andy one small end, the large .end of one beinga ranged adjacent to and in close relation .-large and one small end arranged wit` the with the small end ofthe 'other, re'arwardly oblique beaters secured on said cylindersfand longitudinally movable' means' arranged cen-4 trallybeneath said cylinders and adapted to-` convey material therebetween.

4. In a mac hin e' of theclass' described a scut'ching cylinder comprising axiallyconf nected large.- and small cylinders jand obliquely arranged ribs or beaters thereon.

. 5. 'In a seutching 'cylinder 'the 'combination with a shaft 'off aA lar )spider fat one end thereof and a small spider at lthe other, a central spider corresponding with ythe larger and having brackets thereon at a radial distance corresponding with the smallerand obliouely arranged beatersfengaged on said spiders and brackets aording a cylinder approximately `en 'e'half of which is ofsmall diameter and the other halfhof proximately parallel, and each comprising a large and a longer small portion, arranged with the-large end of one adjacent the small end of the other, obliquely and rearwardly inclined beaters on said cylinders, means rotating the cylinders oppositely, and a carrier acting to grip the material to be treated near its middle and to carry the materialbetween` the cylinders and to shift its engagement upon the material as it passes between and along the cylinders and exposing all parts of the material to scutching action.

8. In a machine of the classdescribed the combination with parallel scutching cylinders, each having a large and a small -end and arranged with the large end of the one adjacent the small end of the other, of means rotating the cylinders oppositely, a chain conveyer adapted to grip, the material to be treated near its middle and carry the same between and along the cylinders, said conveyer acting to shift its engagement with the material during the passage through the cylinders thus exposing the part previously held to the scutching action.

9. In a machine of the class described the combination with parallel oppositely rotated scutching cylinders each comprising a large and a small end of a conveyer therebetween acting to grip the material and to draw the same between the scutching cylinders, there being a jog in said conveyer near the middle of the machine whereby its engagement on the material is shifted, and shields adjacent tothe scutching cylinders and confining the ends of the material thereto.

10. The combination with oppositely rotating scutching cylinders of means conveying the material to be treated longitudinally therebetween, means for forcing drafts of air against the material treated during scutching and an exhaust fan positioned to deliver the boon and other cellular matter from the machine.

11. In a machine of the class described a combination with scutching means and a conveyer adapted to deliver the material therethrough, of an exhaust fan acting to discharge the refuse material from the machine and means for catching the lint and iibrous material discharged therewith.

12. A scutching cylinder for a machine of the class described of large size for approximately half its length and smaller for the remainder of its length, obliquely set beaters engaged on the periphery of each cylinder and set to draw in the direction of rotation. f

13. In amachine of the class described the combination with a scutching means of an exhaust fan acting to deliver cellular and refuse matter from the machine, a delivery pipe and apertured means at the end of the delivery pipe acting `to collect fibrous material discharged therethrough.

14, In a machine of the class described a conveyer comprising a tubular rib'Y having lateral apertures opening therethrough and adapted to support. the material thereon, a chain provided with downwardly directed teeth engaging over said rib at each side thereof and acting to draw the material along the'same and means admitting a blast of air into the bore of said rib. Y

15. In a machine of the class described a conveyer comprising an o'set tubular rib having laterally opening apertures therein,

of a chain above said rib, teeth on said chain extending downwardly on each side of the rib and a presser bar above said chain.

16. In a machine of the class described a conveyer comprising upper and lower rigid tubular members lwith laterally opening apertures therein, ablower connected with each, a conveyer chain between said'tubular members and supported thereby acting to engage the material to be treated on one of said bars and to convey the same through the machine, said conveyer being constructed in two sections cachot which carries the material half the length of the machine, and means for exhausting the'vref'use from the machine. e

17. In a machine of the class described thev combination with breaking means of a feed conveyer therefor comprising positively driven sprocket chains andvmeans varying .the rate of feed at the center ofthe conveyer as compared with .that at the sides thereof.

18. In a machine of the class described scutching mechanism comprisingl parallel, oppositely revolving, horizontal cylinders each having a large and. a small end, those of one being `directed oppositely from those of the other, means carrying material therebetween and acting to shift'itsengagement lwith the material during the passage of the lll during treatment, a close itting casing inclosing the scutching mechanism and means exhausting the air therefrom during treatment.

j 20. In a machine of the class described scutching mechanismv comprising parallel,

oppositely revolving cylinders, means carrying material therebetween and acting to shift its engagement Vwith the material during the passage of the samejalong the cylinders, a close tting casing inclosing the scutching mechanism, means exhausting the air therefrom and regulating means controlling the flow of air in the casing. Y

2l. In a machine of the class described scutching mechanism comprising parallel, oppositely revolving cylinders means carrying material therebetween and acting to shiftits engagement with the material during the passage of the same along the cylinders, a tight fitting vcasing inclosing the same, means delivering an air blast through the carrying Vmechanism and regulators 1n the casing controlling the flow of air therein.

treatment.

therein,- scutchingy mechanism in said casing 22. In a machine of the lclass `described the combinationwith 'scutching mechanism of means delivering a-bla'st of air to one part of` the material during treatment and exhausting the air from other parts.

23. In a machine of the class described the combinationv with scutching mechanism of means affording a regulable ow of air therethrough.

24. In a machine of the class described the combination with scutching mechanism of means affording a regulable and downward flow `of air through-the materialduring 25. In amachine l casingv having regulable draft. openings and an exhaust fan positioned todraw air through the materialduring scutching.

l 26.]'Infa machineofthe class described a closed .easing ,having regulable draft apertures therein near the top and bottom, scutchingmechanism in'- said casing, a conveyer deliveringY material thereto, an exhaust fan at the` bottom of the casing acting to draw air through thematerial during treatment, and means adapted *to receivel the lint from the delivery of thefan. i

27. In a machine'` of the vclass described the combinationwith parallel oppositely rotated scutching cylinders each comprising a large anda smalliendof a conveyer between the,

scutching cylinders, there being a jog in said conveyer near the middle of the machine whereby its engagement on the fmaterialfis shifted, shields adjacent to the scutching cylinders and confining the 'ends .of the material treated thereto,land means applying an air fblast to the material during the treatment. j

28. In a -machine of the` class described the "f the Tense described a.

f combination with parallel oppositely rotated scutching cylinders each comprising a tween acting to grip the material and to draw the same between the scutching cylinders, there being a jog in said conveyer near the middle of the machine whereby its engagement on the material is shifted, shields adjacent to the scutching cylinders and conining the ends of the material treated thereto, means applying an air blast to the material during treatment, a close fitting casing inclosing the scutching mechanism and means exhausting the air therefrom during treatment.

29. In a machine of the class described the combination with parallel oppositely rotated scutching cylinders each comprising a large and a small end of a conveyer between the scutching cylinders, there being a jog in said conveyer near the middle of the machine whereby its engagement on the material is shifted, shields? adjacent to the Ascutching cylinders and confining lthe ends of the material treated thereto, a close fitting casing inclosing *the scutching mechanism, means exhausting the air therefrom and regulating means controlling the How of air 1n the casing. Y v

30. In a machine of the class described the combination with parallel oppositely rotated scutching cylinders each comprising a large and a small end of a conveyer therebetween acting togrip the material and4 to draw the samel between the scutching cylinders, there being a jog in said conveyer near the middle of the machine whereby its engagement on the material is shifted, shields adjacent to the material treated, a tight fitting casing inclosing the same, means delivering an air blast through the carrying means to the material treated, an exhaust mechanism and regulators in the casing controlling the flow of air therein.

31'. In a machine of the class described of' a regulable feed mechanism acting toadjust the material relative t0 the breaking mechanism during the feed.

32. Ina machine of the class adapted to automatically adjust the materia-l, a conveyer upon which the material is dropped and regulable means adapted to large and a small end of a conveyer there e j described av breaking mechanlsm, and a feed mechanism rial fed, approximately parallel with theA rocating means acting to spread the Ina-tethe combination with breaking mechanism advance the ends and the-middle of the material into the breaking mechanism'at different speed rate.

35.` In -a 'machine of the class described thev combination with breaking mechanism of feed mechanism embracing chains, ad-

justable to different feed rates relatively to' I eachl other.

'36.v In a machine of the classA described a -combination with a breaking mechanism ofa feed mechanism therefor embracing a table extending to the breaking mechanism, a plurality of liexible conveyers thereon actf ing to-deliver the material to the breaking 1material-visfdropied, acting to deliver the material intoithe reaking mechanism. 38I'In a"machine` fof'the class described a'combinatio'n witli'braking mechanism of feedmechanism therefor comprising a pluvai'ix-Jia'lity of toothed har-means reciprocating and oscillatinggsaidbarsoppositely of each other in pairs,I a conveyer upon which the feach'stalk of material being i oiit its length.

l; "40.- a machine of the classv described thecombination with breaking mechanism,

iimterial'is`I dropped`,"actii1"gfto deliver the material into: the breaking-fmechanism and capable of -adjustment'to admit 'a part of feed in advance ofthe remainder.4

"'39.In a machine of'uthe class described the combination with breakin mechanism of feed mechanism therefor a apted to adjuStf-material.transversely ofthe machine by dro'ping-the material' upon a fpart of the fee mechanism and means for eeding said material 4at different rates of speed throughembracing a plurality of pairs 'of' co-acting peri herally 'grooved rolls" offa'feedtable,

andv

rolls" and lpon which` the material is v transversely' of the-machine.

l v 'amachine of thefclass-"described the confxbinationwith breaking mechanism,

embracinga plurality of pairs of co-acting peripherallyd'grooved rollsjof a feedvtable, lateral' and Acentral conveyer chains movable thereondand drivenfrom one of the rolls 'aid upon which thel material 'is dropped transversely' of the machine and means actdrive Vthe lateral conveyer chains at --the material as fed tothe roll. Gfl "42;-Ina-machine of the class described ierent rate from-the central, thus bendateralfand `central conveyerchains movable*-t-heien"`and" driven from one .of the 48. In a machine of the the combination with breaking mechanism of feed mechanism therefor embracing means acting to spread, and arrange the material transversely of the machine and scutching cylinders arranged longitudinally ofthe machine and between which the material is fed from the breaking mechanism.

43. In a machine of the class` described I the combination with breaking mechanism,

embracing a plurality of pairs of co-acting peripherally grooved rolls of a feed table, lateral and central conveyer chains movable thereon and driven from one of the rolls and upon which the material is v dropped transversely of the machine, means acting to drive the lateral conveyer chains at a dierent raterfrom the central, thus bendin the material as fed to the roll and means su jecting the material under treatment to an air blast after passing through the rolls.

44. In a machine of 'the class described co-acting peripherally grooved breakingA rolls arranged transverselyof the machine, scutching cylinders at the rear thereof, a conveyerfacting to carry the material from the breaking rolls between the scutching co-acting peripherally grooved breaking rollsarranged transversely of the machine, scutching cylinders adjacent'thereto, a conveyer carrying the material from .the breaking rolls". between the scutchin cylinders and, means delivering an air b ast i tothel material during its passage along the conveyer. f

...47. acting peripherally grooved vbreaking rolls arrangeditran'sversely of the machine, a conveyer embracing a tubular and la ertured `frameffor carrying the material rom theV breaking rolls and between 'the scutching cylinders and a blower connected in said tubular frame. V.

class described coacting peripherally grooved breaking rolls arranged transversely of the machine, parallel scutching cylinders and a conveyer carrying the material from 'the breaking rolls between the scutchingcylinders, and means. acting to circulate'air' t ough the material durin scutchin l" 49. n' a machme of the class described co- In a machine ofthe class described colcylinders and 4means for treating the mateacting peripherally grooved breaking rolls arranged transversely of the machine, scutching cylinders, a conveyer carrying the material from the breaking rolls through the scutching cylinders and regulable means affording circulation through the material during treatment.

50. In a machine of the class described coacting peripherally grooved breaking rolls arranged transversely of the machine, scutching cylinders arranged parallel and having each one large and one small end, a conveyer carrying the material from the breaking rolls between the scutching cylinders and a close fitting casing inclosing the breaking' and the scutching mechanisms.`

51. In a machine of the class described coacting peripherally grooved breaking rolls arranged transversely of the machine, scutching cylinders, a conveyer carrying the material from the breaking rolls between the scutching cylinders and a close fitting metal casing inclosing the breaking and scutching mechanism and having regulable draft apertures therein. y

52. In a machine of the class described the combination with vfeed mechanism and breaking mechanism of a pair of scutching cylinders, each having one large and one small end thereon and arranged parallel with the large end of one adjacent the small end the other, `a conveyer passing between the cylinders and a curved shield extending over each cylinder. A53. In a machine of the class described the combination with feed and breaking mechanisms and parallel scutching cylinders of a conveyer delivering the material fromthe breaking to the scutching mechanism, apertured curved shields arching over the scutching cylinder and a close fitting shell or casing inclosing thewhole.

54. In a machine of the class described, vautomatically fed breaking rolls, scutching cylinders at the rear thereof, means carrying the material treated from the breaking rolls, between the scutchin cylinders, oblique beaters on the scutchlng cylinders, a curved and aperturedplate extending over each roll, a casing inclosing the whole and having regulable air drafts therein and a fan exhausting the air therefrom.

55. In a machine of the class described a feed mechanism comprising a plurality of reciprocating and oscillating toothed bars, a plurality of parallel sprocket chains, means adapted t0 drive said chains at different rates of speed and an elevator adapted to deliver material from said bars to said chains.

56. In a device of the class described the combination with coacting peripherally grooved breaking rolls, of a plurality of sprocket chains driven therefrom and adapt- 65 ed to feed material thereto, means adapting said chains -to feed material at a different rate vof speed at its ends than at its center and means for separatin-gfthe material from a mass and delivering it evenly to said chains.

57. In a device of the class described the combination with breaking rolls of 'a plurality of reciprocating land. oscillating toothed bars extending longitudinally of the machine and adapted to separate material from a mass and adjustable means for delivering said material from the bar 4to the rolls at an angle thereto 58. In a device of the class described the combination with feeding and lbreaki g mechanisms of a pair of opposit'ely rota able scutching cylinders, parallel tubular bars between sa1d cylinder having apertures therein, a blower, pipes connecting said blower with said bars and a conveyer movable longitudinally between said bars.

59. In a device of the class described the combination with feeding and breaking mechanisms of scutching cylinders each having a large and a small portion each of uniform size, a conveyer chain between the cylinders, apertured, tubular bars forming compression members for said conveyers and means for forcing a blast of air through said bars.

60. In a device' of the class described the combination with feeding and b'realn'ng` mechanism of a pair of oppositely rotatable scutching cylinders, a conveyer adapted to carry material between saidcylinders, means for subjecting the material to a blast of air during scutching, a lcasing inclosing said cylinders and means affording regulable draft passages therethrough.

61. In a device of the class described the combination with feeding mechanism, of a plurality of upper and lower peripherally corrugated breaking rolls, a plurality of longitudinal rods or wires extending between the rolls, scutching cylinders journaled at the rear of said rolls, each having-a large and a small portion of uniform size and arranged oppositely, upper and lower tubular i bars between said cylinder each having a lateral offset centrally thereof and a -conyeyer movable between adjacent faces of said ars.

62. In a machine of the class described the combination with scutching cylinders, of a conveyer adapted to carry the material 12 therethrough longitudinally between the cylinders and means for shifting said conveyers engagement from one part of the material to another, means for forcin drafts of air 1ongitudinally of the cylin ers and into the same, and means for conducting the waste material from the cylinders to a suitable receptacle.

63. In a machine of the class described the combination with breaking mechanism', em- 130 tween the same, ali-ned bearings for the lower breaking rolls and vertically slidable bearings supported thereon for theupper breaking rolls.

65. In a device of the class described the combination with feeding mechanism of a plurality of pairs of upper and lower breaking rolls, rods or wires v*extending between the rolls and acting as carrying supports between the same, alined bearings for the lower breaking rolls and vertical slidable bearings supported thereon for the upper breaking rolls, oppositely revolving scutching cylinders at the rear of said breaking rolls, a conveyer running longitudinally between the cylinders and means delivering the material from the brake thereto. j

66. In a machine of the class described the combination witha plurality of transverse pairs orco-acting breaking rolls, means for ydelivering the material tothe breaking rolls,

means for carrying the material from one set of breaking rolls tothe succeeding set, bearings engagingthe ends of co-acting breaking rolls, said ybearing l:tor oney breaking roll of each pair beingrigid and the other slidable thereon yand therefrom,I ya spring acting to hold said bearings engaging linclose relation, longitudinally parallel oppositely rotating scutching cylinders at the rear of said breaking rolls, conveyer mechanisms-longitudinally therebetween approximately the entirelength thereof, means for vforcing air through the material treated and exhaust -means at the rear of the same.

67. In a machine of the class described a conveyer, parallel cylinders, each comprising ,c

sections of diii'erent diameters and arranged in close relation, side byv side with the large section'of each opposite the small section `oit the other and obliquely arranged Aribs or beaters thereon. j y

68. In a device of the class described the combination with parallel f cylinders each consisting of sections of unequal-lengths and reversedlyy arranged so that the short section of each cylinder lies opposite the long section of the other cylinder, and with the sides of the cylinders in close relation for the entire length of means rotating the cylinders oppositely, a chain conveyer adapted to grip the material to be treated and carry the same between and along thek cylinders, means `for shifting the engagement of the conveyer on the material, shields adjacent to the ends of the material means for forcing drafts of air lthrough the material treated during scutching and an exhaust fan acting toldeliv'er the boon and other cellular matter from the Inachine. i

69. In a device of the class described a conveyer and a sectional scutching cylinder constructed of obliquely arranged spiral blades `or beaters and the beaters at one end of the cylinder arranged to provide a section of difterentdiameter than the oppositeend of the cylinder.

".70. In a device of the class described `a conveyer, scutchmg cylinders constructed in sections, each section of each cylinder being of different diameters, andl the cylinders re.-

`versely arranged for the greater diameter of one 'cylinder to lie opposite the smaller diameter of the other cylinder.

.- 7l..v In a machine of the Class describeda conveyer, scutching cylinders comprisingl spiders, spiral beating blades secured thereto forming a hollow cylinder to permit yfree passage of air and refuse therethrough'and an exhaust fan adapted to deliver said refuse from the r'nachine.` i f In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed myname in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.`

Witnesses: y y

C. W. I-IIRES, c' l W. W. `WIT,Irm'fiBtJRY.v v

c JAMES WORTH.'

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