US1008559A - Blowing-engine or compressor. - Google Patents

Description

G. B. PETSGHE.

BLowINo ENGINE on ooMPBEssoB.

APILIDATIDF FILED IAB. 17, 1910.

Patented NOV. 14,y 1911.

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G. B. PETSCHE. BLOWING ENGINE 0R COMPRESSOR.

A APPLICATION FILED HAB.17, 1910. 1,008,559.

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BLowING ENGINE 0R COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 17,1910.

Pat mted Nov. 14, 1911.

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UNITED STATES I )ATENT OFFICE.

GUSTAV B. PETSCHE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGN )R T0 SO'UTHWARK FOUNDRY AND MACHINE CDMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENISYLVANIA, A CGR- PORATION 0F PENNSYLVANIA.

BLOWING-ENGINE OR COMPRESSOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application lcd March 17, 1910.

Patent ed Nov. 1,4, 1911.

Serial No. 550,015.

To all whom ttma/y concer/u:

Be it known that I, Gos'rAv B. Parser-rn, a citizen of the United States of America, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have in-V vented a certain new and useful Improvementin Blowing-Engines or Compressors, of which the following is a true and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof.

My present invention relates to blowing engines or compressors of the kind in which air or other gaseous fluid is put under pressure by a reciprocating piston working in a cylinder, and the invention is primarily designed for use in engines of this character such as ammonia compressors designed for putting the gaseous fluid under pressure substantially higher than the pressure to which air is raised in the ordinary blowing en ine for supplying blast furnaces.

he general object of the invention is to improve engines of the character specified, particularly in relation to the disposition ot the ports and passages through which the Huid to be compressed is admitted to the compressing cylinder and after being compressed is conveyed away from the compressing cylinder, and in the disposition of the valves controlling the admission to and discharge from the compressing cylinder..

and the means employed for operating the vValve controlling the discharge from the compressing cylinder.

More specifically, one object of the invention is the provision of an improved valve seat construction. I

Another specific object of the invention is the provision of a gridiron sliding outlet valve actuating means including a piston and cylinder arrangement for automatically opening the valve when the pressure in the compressing cylinder reaches a predetermined value relative to that in the receiving chamber, and means for positively closing the valve when the compressing piston reaches the end of the stroke, in accordance with a known plan, characterized by the provisions for avoiding likelihood of interference with the operation of the valve, by the large, and more or les; uncertain, friction between the portion of the valve operating mechanism which extel ds through the wall of the engine and the :tuing box therefor, which must be employ ed to avoid leakage with the high pressu te in the receiving chamber.

The various features of novelty which characterize my invent ion are pointed out with particularity in tl le claims annexed to and forming a part t this specification. For a better understan( .ing of the invention, however, and the advantages possessed by it, reference may be had to the accompanying drawings and d( scriptive matter in which I have illustratr d and described one of the forms in which ,he invention may be embodied.

Of the drawings, Fig ure l is a partial sectional elevation of ar engine, the section being taken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2. Fig. ,2 is a section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is'a partial sectional plan on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2. Fig. Il is a perspective view yof one head of the compressing cylinder, and Fig. 5 is a perspective 'fiew of a portion of a stuiling box constructi( n which may be employed.

In the drawings, A represents the inner wall and A the outer wall of the compressing cylinder proper, ,he walls A and A being separated by the usual water jacket space. v

A2 represents a pe iestal or supporting base for the compressing cylinder, and AB the strut like frame portion by which one endof the compressing cylinderis connected to the -frame of the driving engine not shown.

C represents the crmpressing piston C the rod therefor, and B the stuiing box, in the end Wall or he 1d B of the cylinder through which the ste n C passes. r

D represents the iront head or end member of the compressing cylinder.

In the construction illustrated, the engine is single acting, and the inlet and outlet ports of the compressing c linder and the seats for the valves control ing these ports are all formed in the end member or head D. .As shown best in Fig. 2, the end member D is hollow and is divided into an inlet chamber D and an outlet chamber D2 by a partition D4. The wall Di has a cent-ral U shaped portion surrounding an upward ex tension D5 of the outlet chamber D2, the purpose 'of which is to provide communica tion between the outlet chamber proper and the relief or snifting port D8 controlled by the puppet relief or shifting valve Y. The snifting port D8 is located above the inlet ports D7 which are vertically elongated and arranged in a diamet-rically extending horizontal row. The outlet ports DG are vertically elongated and arranged in a horizontal row below the row of inlet ports and oi' course may be, and are shown as being, smaller in number and aggregate cross section than the inlet ports.

As shown clearly in Figs. 1 and 3, a channel or passageway D5, in communication at its ends with, and really forming a portion of, the inlet chamber D proper is formed between the bottom wall of the chamber D3 and the adjacent ends of the inlet ports D5.

G represents the supply co-nduit connected by port A4 to the idle end of the compressing cylinder and port A5 and conduit E conneet this end of the compressing cylinder' to the port D9 leading to chamber D. Outlet chamber D2 is connected by port D1" to discharge conduit F. i

The outlet ports D6 are controlled by a sliding grid iron discharge valve H located Within the outlet or receiver chamber D2 and held in place by the strip like back bearing- I which the valve H may be removed and inserted and the seat for the valvemay be machined.

` To opera-te the valve H the latter has secured to it at its ends cylinders H and'H5. As shown, these cylinders are connected together by a rod like member Ha received 1n a channel H7 formed in the guide rib H5. The cylinder H receives the trunk piston K removably secured to the head D by a piston body portion K which projects horizontally through one edge wall of the chamber D', as shown in Fig. 2. A channel K2, having an axial portion leading to the inner end of the piston K', is connected through the pipe L with the interior of the com ressing cylinder proper (see Figs. 1 and 2 This pipe serves in a Well known manner to admit pressure from the compressing cylinder to the space in chamber H to cause the valve H to move to the right and open the outlet'. ports D when the pressure in the compress ing cylinder has risen to a predetermined value relative to the pressure in the receiver chamber D2. The cylinder H2 receives the end of the hollow piston like extension O' carried by t-he valve closing rod (l). The cylinder H2 has axially disposed in it a piston like extension H which is rigidly or integrally connected to the cylinder and fits in the hollow piston extension O. The piston O is reciprocated in the direction of its .length by the stem or body portion O which passes through the stuiling box N in the edge wall of the chamber D2 and is connected at its outer end, in the form shown, to the cam lever F (see Fig. 3), which is oscillated back and forth to move the piston O" in a known manner by .means of a reciprocating cam R carried by a cam rod S which may be connected to a moving part of an engine to move in fixed relation to the movement of the piston of the engine as is usual in engines of this character.

The stuffing box N7 in the form shown, is provided with an extension N2 forming a stop or abutment against which the enlargement of the piston O engages to check the outward movement of the piston and the valve H, The stufling box N also comprises a chamber N3 into which lubricating material is supplied through the supply pipe Z. A channel O2 formed in the stem O and piston O serves to convey lubricating material from chamber N3 to the chamber in the piston O in which the piston projection H6 works. This lubricates the surfaces of contact of the stem Hs and piston O and also tends to equalize the Huid pressure acting on the end of the stem H6. Ordinarily, the pressure in the chamber N3 and against the end of the stem HG is approximately that of the atmosphere. Beyond the chamber N3 the stuffing bo-x is provided wit-h a chamber N* receiving any suitable packing which is retained in place under pressure by thaxially movable gland N5. As shown in Fig. 5, the gland N5 1s a split washer and comprises an inner portion entering the end of the chamber N and an outer portion threaded to receive the nut N6 which has right and left hand threads engaging the gland and wall of chamber N4, and is rotated to adjust the gland N5 and thereby the pressure on the packing material. The nut N5 is rotated by the spindle N7 provided with the worm i 5 engaging gear teeth formed on the periphery of the nut N5.

The operation of the delivery valve will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. The reciprocating movements of the cam rod S and the consequent reciprocat ing move-ments of the stem O, are such as to carry the piston O to the extreme inner limit of its movement at the instant the compressing piston reaches the end of its stroke toward the cylinder head D and to permit the piston O to be at the outer limit during the period in which the delivery valve should open. Fig. 2 shows the parts in the condition occupied by f them during the range of movement of the compressing liston 1n which the delivery valve opens.

orts H are formed in the wall of the cylinder ,H2 Which are uncovered in this condition of the apparatus, thus placing t-he interior of the cylinder H2 in communication with the outlet or receiver chamber In consequence, the receiver pressure acts on the inner end Wall of the cylinder H2, tohold the valve closed, over the area equal to the cross sectional area of the chamber in the cylinder H2 less the cross sectional area of the stem H6. The end of the stem H is subjected to a pressure which is approximately that of the atmosphere. The chamber in the cylinder H being in communication with the compressing cylinder, the valve H is urged toward the'open posi- `tion by the pressure in cylinder H With a force which varies With the pressure in the compressing cylinder. Until the pressure in the compressing cylinder approaches an equality to thel pressure in the receiving chamber D2, the valve is also frictionally held against movement because of the excess of pressure on its outlet side over the pressure on its inlet side. As the pressure 1n the compressing cylinder approaches an equality with the receiver pressure, the frictional opposition to the movementy of the cylinder rapidly decreases, and the parts are so proportioned that When the pressure in `the compressing cylinder reaches an equality with the pressure in the receiver, the pressure `in the cylinder'H will exceed the sum of the pressures acting against the end Wall of the cylinder H2 andthe end of the stem H by an amount sullicient to insure a rapid openmg of the valve. After an initial movement ofthe valve in the opening direction something less than the full amount, the ports H2 are closed by the ends of the piston extension O' and the further movement of the valve is opposed and cushioned by the Huid trapped in the cylinder H2. In consequence, the momentum of the valve is arrested Without subjecting the parts to undue jar. As the stroke of the compressing piston is completed, the compressing fluld is forced through the ports D and as the compressing piston nears the head D the iston O is moved inward to force the valve ack to the closed position, the movement of t-he various parts being timed so that the valve reaches its closed position at the instant at' which the compressing stroke is completed. With this arrangement, it will be seen that any,` leakage from the cylinders Hf and H2 does not escape intol the open as to insure a minimum of leakage along the stem. This means put-ting the packing in the stufHng box under a p1 essure which creates resistance to the move ment of the stem O which is substantial in all cases and because of difficulty in obtaii ing a proper adjustment of the stufling b( X parts is apt to vary greatly from time to time.` lVth the arrangement disclosed the ariable frictional resistance to the movemeilt of the rod() does not affect the operati( n of the-delivery valve, since the fluid pressi re valve opening mechanism is in novvise ail'ected by the resistance to the movement of the stem While the latter is directly and positively moved by the driving engine.

The inlet valve T contro ling the ports D7 is a sliding gridiron valve arranged as is usual on the inlet side of ihe ports D'. To facilitate the formation o? the seat of the valve T the latter is formei with a se ment shaped boss D11 Which extn nds from einner end of the end member D proper into the compressing cylinder. In consequence, the bottom of the groove 1r valve seat D22, and the grooves D13 at the sides of the seat receiving fianges T' of tle valve T may be readily machined in an ordinary planing machine. This ofcourse 'vould not be the case if the valve seat D12 lid not liey above the surface Dm of the end head D abutting against the end of the comi messing cylinder. The inlet valve T is open ed and closed at fixed points in the strokes of the compressing piston by the valve stem Ta which passes through the stuffing box N. The latter may be similar in all respects, except for the provision of the part N2, to the stuiiing box N. The outer end of the stem T is secured to a cam leve] P oscillated by a cam R carried by a cam 1 od S'. The parts P', R and S may be identical in construction with the parts P, R a1 id S, and may be secured by a bracket Q li ce the bracket Q, in which the lever P is jou rnaled.

As it is necessary from e practical standpoint to locate the delivery valve H at the outlet ends of the ports D ,and as it is desirable to avoid unnecessa 'y clearancethe boss D11 is segmental, as sl lown, so that the inner ends of the ports D are substantially flush Withy the end of the c Impression cylinder and the compressing piston C is provided with a segmental extension C2 which occupies the space below the boss D11 when vention, and that certainr features of the invention may be advantageously employed in' some circumstances without a correspondingl use of other features, and I do not wish the claims hereinafter made to be limited to the. particular form of the apparatus disclosed.

more than is made necessary by the state of the art.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In a compressor having a compressing chamber and a receiver chamber and delivery ports connecting them, the combina-k tion of a sliding valve cont-rolling said ports, i

means for opening said valve comprising a piston and cylinder located Within the receiver and secured, the one to the valve, and the other to the engine wall, and a conduit connecting the interior of the cylinder to the interior of the compressor cylinder, and separate means for closlng said valve comprising an operating member extendingl through the wall of the receiving chamber and adapted to engage the valve and close it when moved in one direction without opening the valve when moved in the opposite direction.

2. In a compressor having a compressing cylinder, a receiver chamber, ports connecting said chamber, and a compressing piston working in said cylinder, the combination with a sliding valve controlling said ports, of means for opening said valve, and separate means for closing the valve comprising a rod projectingtthrough the wall of the receiving chamber, connections for reciprocating said rod in fixed time relation to the movements of the compressing piston, and a dash pot connection within the receiving chamber between said rod and said valve adapted to cushion the opening movement of the valve. y

3. In a compressor having a compressing cylinder, a receiver chamber, ports connecting said chamber, and a compressing piston working in said cylinder, the combination with a sliding valve controlling said ports, of means for opening said valve comprising a piston and cylinder located within the receiver and secured one to the valve and the other to the engine wall, and a conduit connecting the interior of the cylinder to the interior of the compressor chamber, and separate means for closing the valve comprising a rod projecting through the wall of the receiving chamber, connections for reciprocating said rod in fixed time relation to the movements of the compressing piston, and a dash pot connection within the receiving chamber between said rod and said valve adapted to cushion the opening movement of the valve.

4. In a compressor having a compressing cylinder, a receiver chamber, ports connecting said chamber, and a compressing piston working in said cylinder, the combination with a sliding valve controlling said ports, of means for closing the valve comprising a rod projectingv through the Wall of the receiving chamber and extending parallel to the direction of movement of the valve, means for moving said rod back and forth in the direction of its length in definite relation to the movements of the compressing piston, and a piston and cylinder connection between said rod and valve located wit-hin the receiver chamber at one end of the valve and adapted to form a dash pot cushioning the opening movement of the valve, and means for opening the valve comprising a piston and cylinder connection between the valve and the wall of the receiving chamber located within the receiver chamber at the opposite end of the valve and a conduit connecting the interior of the last mentioned cylinder with the interior of the compressing cylinder.

5. In a compressor having a compressing cylinder, a receiver chamber, ports connecting said cylinder and chamber, and a compressing piston working in said cylinder, the combination with a gridiron valve controlling said ports and formed with a central elongated and longitudinally grooved back bearing surface, a pair of cylinders at the opposite ends of the valve, a rod connecting the pair of cylinders to each other and to the valves received in the grooves in the bearing surface of the valve, a second rod projecting through one wall of the receiver and provided with a piston entering one of said pair of cylinders, means for reciprocating said second rod in the direction of its length in definite time relation to the movements of the compressing piston, a piston entering the other of said pair of cylinders and secured to the Wall of the receiver chamber, and a conduit connecting the interior 'of the last mentioned cylinder to the interior of the compressing cylinder.

6. In a compressing engine, the combination with the compressing cylinder of -an end head therefor formed with a body portion abutting against the end of the cylinder, and a boss extending into the cylinder and having an undercut seat formed in it said inlet ports connecting the receiver 10 for a sliding valve movable transversely of chamber to the compress lng cylinder, a the cylinder. snifting port at the other side of said inlet `7. Ina compressor, the combination with ports, and a channel connec ing the snifting y the cylinder, of a chambered head therefor, port to the receiver cham] `er.

formed with an inlet chamber and a set of GUSTAV B PETSGHE. inlet ports connectingsaid chamber and the Witnesses:

compressing cylinder, a receiver chamber ARNOLD KATZ,

and a set of delivery ports at the side of D. STEWART.

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