US100832A - Martin l - Google Patents

Description

f dltitcd tant @anni i' @twine MARTIN L. vvvMAN,` or MELROSE, Assrcivon To cris frurrs, or Bos'roN,`

lilASSAOI-IUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 100,832, dated March 15, 1870.

IMPROVE!) ELEVATOR The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom it may concern: i

Be it known that l, MARTIN L. Wyman, of Melrose, in the county of Middlesex, and State of' Massachusetts, have invented an 'Improvement in` Elevators; and I do hereby declare thatthe following,

4 form-is raised and lowered with passengers or freight bythe employment of a special engine operating through suitable instrumentalities little regard has heretofore been paid to `economy in the expenditure of steam employed to give motion to the car. The

`engine-,cylinder or cylinders have to be made large enough' to start and lift `from a state ot' rest the greatest load for which the elevator is designed, and with cold cylinders', `which will, of course,-co`ndense a.

considerable percentage of the steam at the start, and

in the first few strokesof'the pistons the -steam should be allowed to follow throughout -t-he length of the strokes, or a large portionthereoi'.` But when the cylinders are heated, so that very much less steam is required by reason of lessened condensation, jthen it is simply a waste of steam to allow it to follow the pistous their entire stroke, and it should be out oii at i some' suitable point in theV stroke, and` it is desirable that such cutting off of the steam should be accomplished automatically after thecar has moved a short distance from each start. Heretofore the steam has been allowed to follow the full or a large portion vof' the stroke of" the pistons of engines whose sole duty was to move the car or platform of an elevator, not only-at the `starting of the car, .but during all `the timeA that the pistons, and, consequently, the carjor platform, were in motion, as the attendantzor conductoris necessarily stationed on the platform,`or in the car, the motion of `which renders it impossible for him to set the engine-valves with more accuracy than to fully open or to fully close them by operating on the pull within his reaclnand past whichl the car moves.

Now, my invention -consrsts in combining with an elevatonthe car or platform of which is moved `by a special engine, instrumentalities which automaticallyY i operate upon the engine-valve or valves, to cause it or them to out oli" steam at some suitable portion `of the stroke of the piston or pistons, after the elevator- `car or platform has been put in motion, by receiving steam throughout or nearly throughout the stroke of the piston or pistons, my invention operating to giveY the engine a large amount "of steam whenstarting the elevator, and to cnt .o or automatically lessen the supply of steam to the engine after each start.

In the drawings, by which I illustrate an embodiment of my invention, I merely show the simplest but not the best way of connecting the elevator-car to the drum, worked by the engine towind or unwind the suspensory of the car, as improvement in that direction forms no part of my present invention; and of the engine, l show only ,enough to illustrate the invention under consideration, leaving out parts the connecv tion, construction, and method of operation of which are known to all competent engineers.

Figure 1 shows, in vertical sectional elevation, an apparatus embodying my invention;

Figures 2 and 3 being partial similar views, showing the apparatus for working the engine-valves in dilerent positions. As elevator-cars have'to start andy stop almost instantly, it is not desirable, in special engines for working them, to provide theengines with heavy or large fly-wheels; but to enable them to start without regard to where the engine is stopped, it is necessary, as inl locomotives, to make use ot' two cylinders connected to a common crank-shaft by cranks set ninety degrees,

or thereabouts', of angular distance from each other, and it is also necessary1 to so construct the valvesas to lap, that at no position of the engine-cranks will the entrance-ports of both cylinders be covered, for, if so made, it will be obvious to steam-engineers that the engine might be stopped where the entrance-ports of both cylinders would becovered, and the links at their extreme throw or position, so that, instead of being able to ystart the engine in the directionrequired, it would first have to be reversed, and afterward set in motionin the desired direction.

In iig. 1, one of these cylinders is represented by a, its steamand valve-chest by b, the valve-rod by c, which is worked 'by the Stephenson link d, operated by two eccentrics on the main shalt e, by rods ff.

By means/of the links, one of which and the connections mentioned are applied to each cylinder of the connected double engine, the direction4 of rotation of the main shaft may be reversed, and the point of cutoii varied, in accordance with the'position of thelink,

the valves worked thereby beingv made with suitable lap and lead, and most generally of the sholtD variety; all of which is too familiarly known to steamengineers to need particular description here.

' When thelink is brought to the position shown in full lines in fig. 2, the valve is brought to position, and is opened, to admit steam to run the engine,I so as to turn the shaft in one direction, and, when the link is tric-rods ff, then the valve shuts oii steam from the.

cylinder, and the engine stops.

When the link is in either of the lirst two positions just before named, steam follows the piston through or nearly through its entire stroke; and, when in position between either of said two positions and the point midway between them, the steam is cut oli' more or less, according as the position approximates the center point, where it is entirely cut oli'.

To move the link from one extreme position to the other, to reverse the engine, sheaves g g are arranged so that one part of an endless band, h, preferably a wire, cord, or rope, will always be within the reach of the conductor. g

The lower sheare is connected to the Stephenson link d by the rod i, so that it will be obvious how the conductor can, by a pull in one or the other direction upon rope h, shitt the link d to either of its extreme positions, and how, by merely grasping the rope h., so as' to cause it to move at the same speed with the car or platform the link will be shifted to the midway point between its extreme positions, wherefthesteam being shut oli, both the engine and car will stop.

.Now, to cause the link to move automatically from either extreme position to a point between such position and the central one, I place on the opposite parts of the cord h weightsl l and tappets m m, the weights and tappeti-s being preferably made tubular, so as to embrace the cord, and the tappets being provided with set-screws and gibs or other appliances, whereby they can be adjusted and iixed on the cord. Y

Shelvesl or other suitable supports, o, are arranged so as to support the weights l, the parts of the cords passing through'holes or slots in the supports.

It will be seen, that when the conductor pulls the cord, so as to swing link d to either extreme position, lle will bring one or the other tappet m into contact with one or the other of weights l, and will raise said weight olf from its support. The weight will then descend till it rests upon its support, and, byturning the sheavc g, which is connected to link d, will cause said link to assume the position where it will give the amount of'cut-ol required. l The distances at which the tappcts mare adjusted as to supply more steam to the cylinders when raising the car than when lowering it.

Under some circumstances, in loweringl a car, it will be sucieut to supply the cylinders with little more than enough steam to lubricate them.

The link d shown in the drawings is hung like a pendulum, and, consequently, requires but little exertion of pow'er on the partof the conductor to move it.

When it is necessary to arrange the link dil'erently, its weight may be couuterbalanced, so that it may be moved about as easily as a pendulum-link. 4

It will be observed, that while the weights are falling, the distances which the steam follows the piston constantly lessen, by reason of the changing position of the link, until the weights rest on their supports, 4when the cut-ol points become constant.

The links of both cylinders are to be connected as in locomotives and other engines employing two cylinders, so that both links will be operated by the same means.

In tig. 1, the link is shown as set to give steam in hoisting, and in fig. 3 in lowering.

In fig. 2, the full lilies show the.link set'to start to elevate, and in dotted lines to start to lower.

I claim the combination with an elevator worked by an engine so that the car or platform is started, moved, stopped, or reversed by starting, moving, stopping, or reversing the engine, of instrumentalities' which are manipulated from said car 01 platform to start, move, stop, or reverse both the car or platform and the engine, when said instrulnentalities automatically operate to change the distance or distances which the steam follows the engine-piston or pistons.

MARTIN L.- WYMAN. vWitnesses:

FRANCIS GoULD, S. B. KIDDER.

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