US1004451A - Hoisting apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

M. MoINTYRE.

HOISTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 20, 1910.

1,004,45 1 Patented Sept. 26, 1911.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

mm 858; mmvmn 4 momm -s M. MOINTYRE.

HOISTING APPARATUS.

APPLIOATION FILED 1,111.20, 1910.

1,004,451 Patented Sept. 26,1911.

6 SHEETS-11331 2. /4' i INVENTOI? wzwzuww E Mnrronuu M. MoINTYRE.

HOISTING APPARATUS.

' APPLICATION FILED Mums. 1010.

Patented Sept. 26, 1911.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

,M. MOINTYRE.

HOISTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION rum) JAN. 26. 1910.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

l/Zw U q 4% Arm/mars coLumulA PLANOGRAP" cu.. WASHINGTON. u. c.

M. MOINTYRE.

HOISTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION mum JAN. 26, 1910.

Patented Sept. 26, 1911.

5 sums-sum s.

INVENTOR V W L nu/mus UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. i

MALCOLM MCINTYRE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO BERGEN POINT IRON WORKS,

OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

HOISTING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 26, 1911.

I To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MALCOLM MoINrYRE, a citizen of the United States of America, residing in the city of New York, 1n the borough of Manhattan, in the State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hoisting Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

In apparatus for loading and unloadlng boats and other hoisting apparatus, 1t is common to carry the load-hauling rope or ropes over a traveling sheave and to provide means whereby at the proper times 1n hoisting or lowering, this sheave shall be caused to travel inboard or outboard to the loading or the dumping point. The more usual form of such an apparatus is one 1n which the traveling sheave is mounted upon a trolley running on an overhanging track on a boom or other suitable structure, the trolley with the sheave being caused to travel inboard and outboard at the proper times to bring the bucket or load to the desired points. In another form of such a paratus the trackway is om1tted and tie traveling sheave is suspended by a rope or ropes leading to a point of suspension or to a suitable counterweight, but means are provided as in the more usual construction for causing the traveling sheave to travel inboard and outboard at the proper times.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a simple and eflicient means for automatically controlling the movement of the load in these and other hoisting mechanisms, and a further object is to so construct the mechanism that the extent of the travel may be readily varied for varying requirements.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation of one form of the present improvement; Fig. 2 is a plan view, drawn to a much larger scale, showing the two drums for hoisting and controlling the travel of the trolley; Fig. 3 is a side elevation of an adjustable controlling drum; Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a modified arrangement of the trolley-controlling means; Figs. 5 to 9 inclusive are diagrams illustrating other modifications.

In Fig. 1 the present invention is shown as embodied in a structure comprising a skeleton tower T built upon the edge of a wharf W, and having a trackway on a boom B, which is suspended from the top of the tower and overhangs the water, so that it may be adapted to the loading and unloading of vessels V, brought alongside the wharf. In this view, the apparatus is shown as for unloading the vessels, a hopper H being indicated on the tower to receive the load dumped from the hoisting ski or bucket L, which has been loaded in the 01d of the vessel V. This skip or'bucket L may be of any well known or suitable construction, to be suspended from the hauling or hoisting rope 6, and if the bucket were of the clam-shell type for example, the usual closing rope in addition to the hoisting rope would be required, but for the sake of simplicity and clearness there have been indicated simply a tipping bucket and one rope. Th1s hoisting rope 6 asses over a sheave 8 on the trolley t, whic 1 runs in this case on asuitable trackway on the boom B, and the rope 6 thence passes over the sheave 7 on the frame (boom or tower) and is Wound onto the driven hoisting drum D.

The bucket L, which I will hereafter refor to as the load merely, will thus tend, by the angle made by the rope 6 in passing over the trolley sheave 8, to draw the trolley inwardly or inboard toward .the tower T. To counteract this and to control the inboard and outboard position and travel of the trolley t on the boom, there is secured to the outer end of the trolley t a rope 9, which thence is passed around'a sheave 10 at the outer end of the trackway and thence over a sheave 11 near the inner end of the trackway or on the tower, and thence it is controlled by a compound drum E, driven with the hoisting drum D.

In Fig. 1 the end of the rope 9 is shown as secured to a flying block 12, over whose sheave runs the bight of a rope 13, 14. The ends 13 and 14 of this rope are wound on different parts of the compound drum or drums E, geared or otherwise connected to the drum D, so as to rotate with the latter. In this specification this compound drum E will be spoken of as one drum, although as described in the patent of Augustus Smith, N 0. 929,508, this drum need not be single.

It is shown in simple form in Fig. 2, and there it consists of a spirally grooved drum having a short large diameter 17, a longer small diameter 15 and an intermediate conical part 16 connecting the large and small diameters. The end of the rope 1 4: is connected to the large diameter 17 of the compound drum at a suitable point, as 00, and is coiled in one direction in the spiral grooves, while the other end is coiled on the small diameter 15 in the opposite direction and has its end secured as at y to this small diameter. Thus when the drum is rotated, one end, say 14, will be paid off as the other end, say 13, is wound up. This compound drum E is shown as geared to the hoisting drum D through the gear wheels (Z, c, Fig. 2.

Assuming the trolley 23 to be in its inboard position, as for example with the load L over the hopper H, the rope 14 will then have been more or-less unwound from the larger diameter 17 of the drum E, while the rope 13 will have been wound up on the smaller diameter 15. If now it is desired to lower the bucket to the vessel V, the drum D is caused to rotate as in the direction of its arrow Fig. 2, to pay out the rope 6, and at the same time the compound controlling drum E will be rotated in the direction of its arrow, Fig. 2, to wind up the rope 14 on the large diameter 17 and pay out the rope {13 from the small diameter 15. This will cause the trolley to be given an outboard movement, and these diameters are so proportioned that the trolley will be drawn out at any desired ratio to the speed at which the hoisting rope 6 is paid out, and consequently the load L will travel outwardly in a prescribed path of definite location with respect to the trackway until the rope 14 reaches the coned part 16 ofthe drum E. Then it will be drawn in at a gradually ,slower relative speed, and the trolley will, therefore, slow up with respect to the mo tion of the load suspended from rope 6, until when rope 14 reaches the small diameter of the drum E and is wound up exactly as fast as the rope 13 is paid out, the trolley will be held stationary in its outboard position and the load will be lowered in a vertical path. Exactly the reverse action will take place and the load will be caused to follow a like path in the reverse direction, when the hoisting drum D is driven in the reverse direction to raise the load- L. In other words, the load will be automatically caused to follow a path substantially such as indicated by one of the dotted lines 7), Fig. 1. In Fig. 1 are indicated several of these paths to show how the vertical path may be arranged nearer to or farther from the tower, depending on the part of the vessels hold desired to be reached by the bucket. To effect this change of vertical path, means are provided for changing the point on the drum at which the winding of the rope 14 begins. Thus in Fig. 3 there is shown how the extreme end of the rope 14, instead of being secured to the drum E directly, is secured to a pin f on the wheel 6 to overhang the drum, and the latter is secured on the shaft 8 by a key and feather or a squaring of the shaft, so that while the drum may be adjusted on the shaft longitudinally of its axis, the drum must revolve with the shaft. This longitudinal adjustment may be effected by a hand lever F and locking means and a link connection 9 to a collar 9 By moving the drum E toward the wheel 6, for example, before the outboard travel of the trolley begins, that is, before beginning to wind up the rope 14 on the large diameter of the drum, this rope 14 will be caused to begin winding into say the second or third spiral groove, instead of the first, and consequently the rope will that much sooner begin to wind up onto the conical part, the outboard travel of the trolley 2? will be less and the vertical descent of the load will be that much nearer the tower T. Other means may be employed for effecting this change of the winding point, and the details of my apparatus may be changed in other particulars. Thus in Fig. 4 is shown a construction in which the bight of the ropes 113 and 114 instead of being carried over a sheave 12 on a flying block is passed around a sheave 112 on a block directly attached to the outer end of the trolley 25, instead of through intermediate ropes, as before. trolling rope passes around a sheave 108 on the outer end of the boom (which in this Fig. 4 is shown arranged horizontally), and thence around a sheave 110 on the structure to the small diameter of the drum E. In this case, the drum E is shown as on the same shaft with the hoisting drum D. The other end 114 of the controlling rope passes from the sheave 112 over a sheave 109 on the boom 13, and thence over a pulley 111 to the larger end of the drum E. The operation is the same as in the case of the construction, Figs. 1 and 2.

A trackway is not absolutely necessary, and any equivalent device for supporting the weight of the guiding sheave to control the horizontal position of the load such as a rope or ropes to a fixed support or to a counterweight, may be substituted without affecting the operation of my controlling device. Thus in the modification, Fig. 5, there is shown an apparatus without a trolley and trackway for the traveling sheave.

The bucket or load L may be lifted by the rope 6 passing around the hoisting drum D, which is geared as before to the compound drum E. The inboard-and outboard position of the load L is controlled by the position of the traveling and guiding sheave 8, which is suspended by the rope B leading to a point of attachment at the top of the mast T The sheave is moved in and out by drawing in or paying out on the rope 9, which is attached to a fiying block 12 and operated by ropes 13 and 14 on the compound drum E, as in Fig. 1. In this case One end 113 of this con the rope B replaced the trackway, and a boom or strut B is employed to hold sheave 10 out far enough to give the proper angle of pull to rope 9.

In another case the load could obviously be caused to travel outward as it was hoisted instead of inward, or in fact, any desired path could be maintained by suitably forming component parts of the compound drum E.

It is obvious also that if the load-hauling rope 6 acted on the load in a horizontal direction, the controlling means would be equally applicable to control the vertical position of the said load. Thus in the con struction shown in Fig. 6, the load-hauling rope 66, is led to the drum D around a sheave 77 at the end of the boom so as to impart a horizontal motion to the load L. In this case a tail rope 66 wound in the opposite direction on drum D, can be used to draw the load L back in the opposite direction. The rope 99 controlled by the drum E which rotates with the drum D, would in this case determine the vertical position of the load L, and for this purpose this rope 99 might be led over a sheave 11 from the flying block 12 controlled as before by the compound drum E. From the sheave 11, the rope 99 would pass over sheave 20, on a trolley running on trackway B, thence passing in a loop around the sheave 21 on a block supporting the load L, thence over a pulley 22 on the trolley and thence have its outer end secured as at 23 to the other end of the boom or trackway. In this case the horizontal position of load L would be directly controlled by the operator through drum D, while the vertical position would be automatically controlled by the compound drum E, causing the load to follow a definite curved path indicated by the dotted line 79. The position of this path as a whole could be shifted as before by varying the point at which the rope 14 begins to Wind up on drum E. In the modification shown in Fig. 7, the sheave 212 in the block supporting the load L takes the place of the flying sheave 12 to receive the bight of the rope 213, 214, which in this case 1s passed around sheave 211 on the frame, sheave 208 on the end of the boom B, and sheaves 22 and 20 on the trolley t running on a trackway on the boom. In this case, when the rope 213 was paying out as fast as 214 was being wound up on the compound drum E, the sheaves 20, 22 and 212 would travel along the boom just as fast as rope 66 was wound in by the drum D.

The axes of motion of the hoist and control need not be vertical and horizontal. Thus in Fig. 8 I show an inclined boom. In this case the axis of what for convenience is called the load-carrying or directly controlled motion is approximately in the straight line joining the leading sheave 77 with the drum D, while the axis of automatically controlled motion is approximately at right angles to the trackway B.

In the construction shown in Fig. 9, no trackway or trolley is employed, but the load L is controlled in one direction by the rope 66 passing around the drum D and sheave 77, while in the other direction the position of the load is controlled automatically by means of the rope 9, the flying block 12 and the ropes l3 and 14, paid out and wound up on the compound drum E driven by the hoisting drum D, thus forcing the load to follow a prescribed path which may be that indicated by the dotted line. In other words, the principle of my improvement is the provision of means to guide a load through a prescribed curved path in space by mechanically and automatically varying the abscissas of the said curve to correspond with the varying ordinates, to use a geometrical expression, or vice versa, to vary the ordinates mechanically and automatically to correspond with varying ab scissas.

In the following claims I use the term hauling in a general sense as a convenient way of distinguishing the drum D and its rope 6 or 66 from the compound drum E and its rope.

I claim as my invention:

1. A hoisting apparatus, having a loadhauling drum, a rope passing around said drum and attached to the load so as to control its position in a given direction, in combination with a compound drum, having a large and a small diameter and intermediate conical portion, means by which the compound drum is rotated with the hauling drum, and a rope having a bight with the ends wound on different parts of the compound drum, and means whereby one end is wound up while the other is paid out and one end is wound and unwound over the conical portion, the bight of the rope being connected with the load so as to control the position of the load in a direction at an angle to the first named direction.

2. A hoisting apparatus, having a loadhauling drum, a rope passing around said drum and attached to the load so as to control its position in a given direction in combination with a compound drum, having a large and a small diameter and an intermediate conical portion, means by which the compound drum is rotated with the hauling drum, and a rope having a bight with its ends wound on different parts of the compound drum, means whereby one end is wound up while the other is paid out and one end is wound and unwound over the conical portion, the bight of the rope being connected with the load so as to control the position of the load in a direction at an angle to the first named direction and means for varying the point of winding up or paying off the rope on the compound drum so as to vary the point at which said rope affects the position of the load.

3. A hoisting apparatus, having a hauling drum and a rope passing around said drum and attached to the load so as to pull it in one direction, a compound drum having a small and a large diameter and an intermediate conical portion, and means whereby the compound drum is revolved with the hauling drum, in combination with a rope having one end wound on the large diameter and the other on the small diameter of the compound drum, means whereby one end is wound up while the other is paid out and one end is wound and unwound over the conical portion, and a pulley block in the bight of said rope connected to the load,

whereby the position of the latter is automatically varied in a direction at an angle to the first named direction, as the drums revolve.

4. A hoisting apparatus, having a hauling drum and a rope passing around said drum and attached to the load to pull it in one direction, a compound drum having a small and a large diameter and an intermediate conical portion, and means whereby the compound drum is driven with the hoisting drum, in combination with a rope having a bight with one end wound on the large diameter and the other on the small diameter of the compound drum, means whereby one end is wound up while the other is paid out and one end is wound and unwound over the conical portion, a pulley block in the bight of said rope connected to the load, whereby the position of the latter is automatically varied in a direction at an angle to the first named direction, as the drums revolve, and means for varying the point of winding up or paying off the rope on the compound drum to vary the point at which said rope affects the position of the load.

5. A hoisting apparatus, having a hauling drum, a traveling sheave and a hauling rope passing over said traveling sheave and tending to draw the latter in one direction, in combination with means to automatically control the movement of said sheave in another direction, said means comprising a compound drum, having a large and a small diameter and an intermediate conical portion, means whereby the compound drum rotates with the hauling drum, and a rope whose ends are to be wound on said different diameters and whose bight passes over a sheave connected to said traveling sheave, and means whereby one end of this rope is wound up while the other is paid out and one end is wound and unwound over the conical portion.

6. A hoisting apparatus, having a hauling necting whereby the compound drum rotates with drum, a traveling sheave and a hauling rope from said drum passing over said sheave and tending to draw it in one direction, in combination with means to automatically control the movement of said sheave in another direction, said means comprising a compound drum, having a large and a small diameter and an intermediate conical portion, means whereby the compound drum rotates with the hauling drum, and a rope whose ends are to be wound on said diiierent diameters and whose bight passes over a sheave connected to said traveling sheave, means whereby one end of this rope is wound up while the other is paid out and one end is wound and unwound over the conical portion, and

means for readily changing the extent of travel of the latter under the control of the compound drum.

7. A hoisting apparatus, having a hauling drum and hauling rope for the load, a compound controlling drum having a large and i a small diameter and an intermediate conical portion, means whereby the compound 7 drum rotates with the hauling drum, and a rope having its ends wound on the difierent diameters of the cont-rolling drum and 1 means whereby one end of this rope is wound up while the other is paid out and one end is wound and unwound over the conical portion, in combination with a flying sheave in the bight of the rope on the compound drum, a traveling sheave around which the hoisting rope passes, and a controlling rope connect-ing the flying sheave with the traveling sheave.

8. A hoisting apparatus, having an overi hanging trackway and a trolley with a sheave thereon, and a hoisting drum, a hoisting rope passing over the trolley sheave and tending to draw the trolley in one direction, in combination with means to automatically draw the trolley in another direction, and

comprising a compound drum having dif ferent diameters with a conical portion conthe different diameters, means the hoisting drum, and a rope whose ends j are to be wound on the said difierent diameters and whose bight passes over a sheave connected to the trolley, and means whereby A one end of this rope is wound up while the other is paid out and one end is wound and unwound over the conical portion, substantially as described.

9. A hoisting apparatus having an over hanging trackway and a trolley with a sheave thereon, a hoisting drum, and a hoist- 1 ing rope passing over the trolley sheave and wound on the hoisting drum, and tending having difl'erent diameters and a conical portion connecting the different diameters, means whereby the compound drum rotates with the hoisting drum, a rope having its ends wound on said difi'erent diameters and having its bight connected to the trolley, and means whereby one end of this rope is wound up while the other is paid out and one end is wound and unwound over the conical portion, substantially as described.

10. A hoisting apparatus having an overhanging trackway and trolley with a sheave thereon, a hoisting drum and a hoisting rope passing over the trolley sheave and tending to draw the trolley in one direction, in combination with a compound drum geared to the hoisting drum and having different diameters with a coned part connecting the different diameters, a controlling rope whose ends are to be Wound on said different diameters and whose bight passes over a sheave connected to the trolley, and means whereby one end of this rope is wound up while the other is paid out and one end is wound and unwound over the conical por tion, and means for changing the point at which one end of the controlling rope begins to wind on the large diameter of the compound drum, as and for the purpose described.

11. A hoisting apparatus comprising a load-hauling drum, a rope passing around said drumand attached to the load so as to control its position in a given direction, in combination with a second rope having a bight thereon connected with the load and controlling the position of said load at an angle to that controlled by the loadhauling drum and means for winding up one end of said rope while the other is paid ofl", said means comprisinga device for gradually accelerating the take up or pay off at a predetermined point, whereby the bight of the rope is shortened or lengthened and the position of the load thereby controlled, together with means for operating said loadhauling drum simultaneously with the wind ing means for the second rope.

12. A hoisting apparatus comprising a load-hauling drum, a rope passing around said drum and attached to the loadso as to control its position in a given direction, in combination with a second rope having a bight thereon connected with the load and winding means for taking up one end of said rope while the other end is being paid ofl', said means comprising a device for gradually varying the speed of the winding at either end of the said second rope at a predetermined point to control the length of the bight and consequently the position of the load, together with means for operating said loadhauling drum simultaneously with the winding means for the second rope.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

MALCOLM MoINTYRE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

Images