US1003601A - Vapor-burner. - Google Patents

Description

JEAN-BAPTISTE V. L. HARLE.

VAPOR BURNER. AIIPLIUATION FILED MAY 14. 1909.

Patented Sept. 19, 191,1.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

JEAN-BAPTISTE V. L. HARLE:

VAPOR BURNER. APPLICATION FILED MAY 14, 1909.

Patented Sept. 19, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JEAN-BAPTISTE VIRGILE LEON I-IARL, 0F PARIS, FRANCE.

VAPOR-BURNER.

To all whom 'it may concern.'

Be it known that I, JEAN-BAPTISTE VIR- GILE LEON HARL, a citizen of the Republic of France; residing at 25 Avenue de la Republique; Paris; in the Republic of France, have invented a certain new and useful Vapor-Burner, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates more particularly to incandescent burners for liquid hydrocarbons of the type in which vaporization is obtained by the heat conveyed through a recuperator of metal which'is a good conductor.

The invention is broadly characterized by the fact that the tube of the Bunsen burner which here also serves to transmit to the combustible liquid the heat necessary for its vaporization is mounted eccentrically beside the wick tube in such a manner that it does not form one with it except along several lateral lines of contact of sufficient length and so that it remains entirely empty and open at the two ends, being merely traversed by the gaseous mixture proceeding` to the point of combustion; it follows that the heat recuperated by the Bunsen tube is at once transmitted throughout its entire mass and extent so that this heat is given up to the wick tube arranged close beside it both at the lower part and at the upper part of the lines of contact; in this manner the liquid drawn up is not suddenly vaporized in the upper part of the wick7 but progressively heated during a long passage; by this means a serious defect in existing types of burners is avoided; in these burners the heat conveyer embraces the top of the wick holder or holders and yields up to them the entire quantity of recuperated heat solely at their highest part; in these burners the top of the wick speedily carbonizes and hardens to such an extent that the combustible vapors can only pass with diiiiculty. The arrangement of the Bunsen burner and of the wick holder side by side in accordance with the present invention presents the further advantage that the total height of the burner is not increased although the top of the wick is carried to the hottest point of recuperation. Finally as the Bunsen tube is the hottest part of the burner the gaseous mixture which passes through it becomes superheated owing to its high temperature.

Another important feature of the invention is the facility with which the great heat Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led. May 14, 1909.

Patented Sept. 19, 1911.

Serial No. 495,961.

distributed throughout the entire extent of the Bunsen tube can be utilized for heating the vapors to be burned before they are mixed with air by their passage over the hot surface of this Bunsen tube.

The invention likewise relates to a clearing needle for the injector which is particularly useful in cases in which benzol or petroleum essence is employed and more particularly in the installation and the means for operating this clearing needle in such a manner as to permit of readily operating it from the exterior by simple and inexpensive means without danger of blunting or breaking the point of the needle or injuring the injection oriice.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawing in which;

Figure l is a side elevation of the burner, partly in section. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through the parts shown in side elevation in Fig. l, taken on the plane of the regulating valve hereinafter described. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a recessed tube which serves at once as a Bunsen tube, a recuperator and a heat oonveyer, as hereinafter explained. Fig. 4L is a view similar to Fig. l, but showing a modified construction of certain parts of the burner. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the lower portion of the Bunsen tube and adjacent parts as viewed from the left of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a vertical sect-ion showing a detail7 and Fig. 7 is a plan view of another detail.

The apparatus (Figs. l to 3) comprises broadly a wick holder tube a the recessed Bunsen tube e and a small tube a conveying the combustible vapors from the top of the wick holder a to the injector at the base of the Bunsen tube e.

The tube a which is closed at its upper part o contains a wick c serving to draw the liquid up by capillarity; this wick is appropriately compressed so as to form an obst-acle to the return of the vapors which are keptat a slight pressure at the top of the wick holder. Tn the case of very volatile liquids such as benzin; spirit and the like vigorous compression is obtained by forcing a conical pin Z of soft wood into the middle of the wick at its lower part. ln this manner the unpleasant smells always occurring with the known burners are entirely prevented- The recuperating and heat transmitting Bunsen tube is constituted by a tube e recessed at f-fg (F ig. 3). Thispart is soldered to the wick holder a along the lines of contact f f g in such a manner as to form a single part with this wick holder; the tube a only enters the Bunsen e partially, leaving a vacant space la and the two ends of the Bunsen e open; the Bunsen tube e terminates above in a grating z' supported by the sleeve j as in ordinary gas burners. Below the sleeve j a suitable number of lateral holes 7c are formed and through them the combustible mixture partially escapes giving small lateral flames serving to heat thepart e; it .is preferable to arrange beneath the ordinary grating c' a fine metallic gauze impeding the flow of the gases in the upward direction and forcing them slightly through the lateral openings la. In illuminating burners in order to prevent the extinction of the small lateral heating flames by the current of air ascending in the chimney around the burner a protruding protecting baille Z is provided; in heating appliances which do not comprise a chimney this crown is dispensed with. A regulating member m for controlling the extent of area of holes 7c may be provided at the upper part of the tube e on a sleeve y' or some independent sleeve; by rotating the sleeve the intensity of the recuperation of the heat may be regulated in accordance with the difficulty of vaporizing the liquid employed.

A small pipe n proceeding at n from the top of the wick holder where it collects the combustible vapors descends around the actual surface of the reheater e and termi nates in an outlet nozzle at n2 below the lower opening of the Bunsen tube; small holes 0 are formed at this placefor the injection of the hydrocarbon vapors into the Bunsen tube where they mix with air. This perforated part or nozzle instead of being constituted by the end of the conduit 'n itself, may advantageously be formed by a small detachable part screwed to the end of the pipe n. Throughout its entire extent this pipe n is soldered to the recuperator e in such a manner that the heat transmitting and recuperating Bunsen tube the wick holder and the conduit n as a whole form a single metallic part. A needle valve p is provided for the conduit n; it is important that this needle valve should be mounted before the end of the conduit n in such a manner that after extending past the needle valve (the mass of which cools the vapors) this conduit again comes into contact with the reheater e for a short distance in order to again impart the appropriate high telnperature to the combustible vapors. The whole is mounted in an insulating cup g contacting with the wick holder a only at r at itslower part. In this manner theheat transmitted from e to a (except that portion taken up by the mixed gases) is transmitted to the wick and completely utilized for the vaporization of the liquid drawn up, the mass of liquid itself being protected from any heating. The insulating cup g is screwed in the usual manner on .the receptacle and in the case of an illuminating burner comprises the usual support for the glass chimney.

The operation of this embodiment of the invention is as follows :-The members a c n which for convenience of description will be termed the head is heated by means of a flame and the needle valve 29 is then unscrewed; the vapors formed at the top of the wick holder a are conducted through the `conduit n to the base of the Bunsen burner e where they mix with the ascending air and burn above the grating z' and partially through the llateral holes 7c highly heating the Bunsen tube e. As the latter is entirely empty the recuperated heat immediately becomes distributed throughout its entire mass which yields it up to the wick holder in such a manner that the liquid drawn up through .the wick is progressively heated to the vaporization point from the base of the tube c without carbonizing the wick; the vapors are also reheated by their passage along the surface of the tube e in the conduit n and the burner operates automatically. In order to extinguish it, it is only necessary to close the needle valve p completely. The incandescent mantle is entirely free without any internal recuperator which diminishes the temperature and the brilliancy and without any external part to throw a shadow.

In the modification illustrated in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 the nozzle is formed by a special part s arranged vertically beneath the Bunsen tube and receiving the superheated combustible vapors through the tube n soldered to the Bunsen tube and provided with the regulating valve p substantially as before; the nozzle s is provided for this purpose with a passage t to which the tube n conducting the combusti-ble vapors is soldered and which itself opens into a bored hole t2 serving as a housing for the body of the pin u; this housing t2 is perfectly cylindrical so as to fit the pin for which it serves as a rigid guide while leaving it free to move with slight friction but exactly guided; it ends in an orifice o of very small diameter while the cylindrical pin u likewise ends in a fine point which when the pin is pressed upward traverses the orifice o; a cap s screwed on to the lower threaded part of's serves as a stuffing box for a packing forming a good joint around the body of the pin so as to prevent any leakage. The nozzle s is supported on the one hand by the soldered tube a on the other hand by an arm n consisting of a metal which is a good conductor likewise soldered to the Bunsen tube and to the part s, and which in addition to acting as a support likewise serves as a heat conductor and heats the mass of the nozzle on the side opposite to the tube n, in transmitting the heat that it obtains from the Bunsen tube.

An arm carried by a rod :v is provided for controlling the pin; this rod passes through a guide carried by the Bunsen tube for example and may be operated by any appropriate means such as a lever y rocking around a ixed point at z for example. In the example illustrated the support n of the nozzle has been used as a guide for the rod a' this support being constituted by a tube; it will of course be understood however, that the two parts (the reheated support of the nozzle and the guide for the operating` rod) may be separate.

As the least lateral deviation of the clearing pin due to a rigid o erating means imperfectly guided would lunt or break the point of the pin or injure the outlet orifice, in accordance with the invention the lower part of the pin is connected with the arm of the operating1 rod by a loose connection in such a manner as to leave the pin free to move perfectly directly in its guide even if the rod is subjected to lateral deviations of greater or less extent. With this object the pin u is engaged by means of a narrowed portion u in a fork or a long eyelet x2 in the arm x carried by the rod m, the upper bent part of which is itself engaged in an eyelet g/ of larger diameter in the lever y. In this manner even if the movements of the rod are not perfectly vertical it transmits only vertical elforts to the pin u which is perfectly guided vertically and cannot blunt or break its point.

rIhe feature which consists in supporting the nozzle by means of a second support n soldered to the Bunsen tube is likewise applicable to the arrangement illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 in which the detachable nozzle is screwed into the threaded end of the tube supplying the superheated combustible vapors.

Finally it is advantageous to provide the tube a itself (Fig. l) with the support M for the mantle-carrying rod T, this support being preferably constituted by an eyelet into which the mantle-carrying rod is itted in the known manner. The fact that the rod of the mantle is carried by the burner itself instead of being carried by the chimney support in the usual manner present-s the advantage that the mantle is always exactly centered relatively to the burner whatever happens to the burner or to the chimney support.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. In a vapor burner, the combination of a tubular wick holder having its upper end closed and containing a capillary wick, a self-heating Bunsen tube located at one side of said wick holder and extending above the closed upper end of the same, said tube and wick holder being in lateral contact along lines extending downward from the upper portion of the wick, whereby the latter is progressively heated, and a vapor conduit extending from the upper end of the wick holder to the base of the Bunsen tube.

2. In a vapor burner, the combination of a tubular wick holder having its upper end closed and containing a capillary wick, a self-heating Bunsen tube located at one side of said wick holder and extending above the closed upper end of the same, said tube and wick holder being in lateral contact along lines extending downward from the upper portion of the wick, whereby the latter is progressively heated, and a vapor conduit extending from the upper end of the wick holder to the base of the Bunsen tube, in contact with the surface of the latter.

3. In a vapor burner, the combination of a tubular wick holder having its upper end closed and containing a capillary wick, a self-heating Bunsen tube located at one side of said wick holder and extending above the closed upper end of the same, said tube and wick holder being in lateral contact adjacent to the upper portion of the wick, whereby the latter is progressively heated, a vapor conduit extending from the upper end of the wick holder to the base of the Bunsen tube and held in contact with the surface of the latter, and a regulating valve controlling said vapor conduit at an intermediate point v in that portion of its length which is in contact with the Bunsen tube.

4. In a vapor burner, the combination of a tubular wick holder having its upper end closed and containing a capillary wick, a self-heating Bunsen tube arranged eccentrically to said wick holder and extending above the same, said wick holder and Bunsen tube being in metallic contact with each other along lines extending downward from the top of the wick holder, and a vapor conduit extending from the upper end of the wick holder to the base of the Bunsen tube.

5. In a vapor burner, the combination of a tubular wick holderl having its upper end closed and containing a capillary wick, a self-heatingl Bunsen tube arranged eccentrically to said wick holder and extending above the same, said wick holder and Bunsen tube being in metallic contact with each other along lines extending downward from the top of the wick holder, a vapor conduit extending from the upper end of the wick holder to the base of the Bunsen tube, and means for regulating the passage of vapor through said conduit.

6. In a vapor burner, the combination of a tubular wick holder having its upper end closed and containing a capillary wick, a self-heating Bunsen tube arranged eccentrically to said wick holder and extending above the same, said wick holder and Bunsen tube being in metallic contact with each other along lines extending downward from the top of thek wick holder, and a vapor conduit extending from the upper end of the wick holder to the base of the Bunsen tube, in contact with the surface of the latter.

7. In a vapor burner, the combination of a tubular wick holder having its upper end closed and containing a capillary wick, a self-heating Bunsen tube arranged eccentrically to said wick holder and extending above the same, said wick holder and Bunsen tube being in metallic contact with each other along lines extending downward from the top of the wick holder, a vapor conduit holderv to the base of the Bunsen tube, in contact with the surface of the latter, Vand a valve controlling the passage of vapor through the conduit.

8. In a vapor burner, the combination of a tubular wick holder having its upper end closed and containing acapillary wick, a self-heating ABunsen tube having its upper end located above the upper end of the wick holder, said tube being cut away on one side below its upper end to receive a portion of the wick holder and being rigidly connected to said wick holder along downwardly-extending lines of contact, whereby the upper portion of the wick is progressively heated, and a vapor conduit extending from the upper end of the wick holder to the base of the Bunsen tube, in contact with the surface of the latter.

9. In a vapor burner, the combination of a tubular wick holder having its upper end closed and containing a capillary wick, a self-heating Bunsen tube having its upper end located above the upper end of the wick holder, said tube being cut away on one side below its upper end to receive a portion of the wick holder and being rigidly connected to said wick holder along downwardly-extending lines of contact, whereby the upper portion of the wick is progressively heated, a vapor conduit extending from the upper end of the wick holder to the base of the Bunsen tube, in contact with the surface of the latter, and a valve arranged to control said conduit at an intermediate point in its length.

10. In a vapor burner, the combination of a tubular wick holder having its upper end closed and containing a capillary wick, a Bunsen tube having its lower end open and provided at its upper end'with lateral openings, said Bunsen tube being cut away on one side below said openings and rigidly connected to the wick holder along the lines of said cut-away portion, and a vapor conduit extending from the upper end of the wick holder to the base of the Bunsen tube and provided beneath the latter `with an outlet nozzle.

l1. In a vapor burner, the combination of a tubular wick holder having its upper end closed and containing a capillary wick, a Bunsen tube having its lower end open and provided at its upper end with lateral openings, said Bunsen tube being cutaway on one side below said openings and rigidly connected to the wick holder along the lines of said cut-away portion, and a vapor conduit extending from the upper end of the wick holder to the base of the Bunsen tube and provided beneath the latter with 'an outlet nozzle, said conduit being carried by the Bunsen tube in contact with the sur- `face thereof. extending from the upper end of the wick 12. In a vapor burner, the combination of a tubular wick holder having its upper end closed and containing a capillary wick, a Bunsen tube having its lower end open :and provided at its upper end with lateral Ixopenings', said Bunsen tube being cut away on one side below said openings and rigidly connected to the wick holder along the lines lof said cut-away portion, a vapor conduit extending from the upper end of the wick Vholder to the base of the Bunsen tube and Qprovided beneath the latter with an outlet nozzle, said conduit being carried by the Bunsen tube in contact with the surface thereof, and a valve for regulating the pas- .sage of vapor through said conduit and 1located at an intermediate point in its length, whereby the vapor is heated on both sides of the valve.

13. In a vapor burner, the combination of a tubular wick holder having its upper end Aclosed and containing a capillary wick, a yBunsen tube arranged in lateral contact with said wick holder and laterally perforated above the samev to provide small heating flames, a horizontal baile located below Said perforations, and a conduit extending from the upper end of the wick holder to the base of the Bunsen tube.

` 14. In a vapor burner, the combination or a tubular wick holder having its upper end closed and containing a capillary wick, a Bunsen tube arranged in lateral contact with said wick holder and provided above the same with lateral perforations to furnish small heating flames, means for regulating said flames, and a conduit extending from the upper end of the wick holder to the base of the Bunsen tube.

l5. In a vapor burner, the combination with a fluid receptacle having a cup extending downward into the same and connected thereto at its top, of a tubular wick- .holder carried by and extending upward from the bottom of said cup, a capillary wick contained in said wick-holder and extending downward from the upper end of the same through the bottom of the cup, a self-heating Bunsen tube located at one side of the wick holder, in lateral cont-act with the upper portion thereof, and a vapor conduit extending from the upper end of the wick holder to the base of the Bunsen tube.

16. In a vapor burner, the combination with a fiuid receptacle having a cup extending downward into the same and connected thereto at its top, of a tubular wick holder carried by and extending upward from the bottom of said cup, a capillary wick contained in said wick holder and extending downward from the upper end thereof through the bottom of the cup, a self-heating Bunsen tube arranged eccentrically to said wick holder and extending above the same, said wick holder and Bunsen tube being connected to each other along lateral contact lines extending downward from the top of the wick holder, whereby the upper portion of the wick is progressively heated, and avapor conduit extending :trom the upper end of the wick holder to the base of the Bunsen tube.

17. In a vapor burner, the combination of a tubular wick holder having its upper end closed and containing a capillary wick, a self-heating Bunsen tube extending above the wick holder and having an open lower end, said Bunsen tube being arranged in lateral contact with the wick holder adjacent to the upper portion of the wick, a vapor conduit extending from the upper end of the wick holder to the base of the Bunsen tube and terminating beneath the open lower end of the latter in an outlet nozzle, and means for heating said nozzle.

18. In a Vapor burner, the combination of a tubular wick holder having its upper end closed and containing a capillary wick, a self-heating Bunsen tube extending above the wick holder and having an open lower end, said Bunsen tube being arranged in lateral contact with the wick holder adjacent to the upper portion of the wick, a vapor conduit extending from the upper end of the wick holder to the base of the Bunsen tube and terminating beneath the open lower end of the latter in an outlet nozzle, and a. metallic support connecting said nozzle with the Bunsen tube, whereby the nozzle is heated.

19. In a vapor burner, the combination with a vapor conduit and means for supplying the same with vaporized liquid hydrocarbon, of a nozzle carried by said conduit and having a small outlet opening, a pin accurately guided to slide in said nozzle and provided with a fine point in alinement with said outlet opening, an operating rod guided to slide in substantial parallelism with said pin and loosely connected thereto, and a lever loosely connected to said rod.

20. In a vapor burner, the combination with a vapor conduit and means for supplying the same with vaporized liquid hydrocarbon, of a Bunsen tube, a nozzle carried by said conduit and having asmall outlet opening located beneath said tube, a pin accurately guided to slide in said nozzle and provided with a fine point in alinement with said outletopening, a support connecting said nozzle to the Bunsen tube and forming a guide, and an operating rod mounted to slide in said guide in substantial parallelism with said pin and loosely connected to the latter.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JEAN-BAPTISTE VIRGILE LEON HARL. Witnesses:

PAUL JULIEN MARIE DEIVERE, H. C. Coxm.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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