US1003115A

US1003115A - Gun with an independent sighting-line.

Info

Publication number: US1003115A
Application number: US37107307A
Authority: US
Inventors: Heinrich Korrodi
Original assignee: Krupp Stahl AG
Current assignee: Krupp Stahl AG; Fried Krupp AG
Priority date: 1907-04-30
Filing date: 1907-04-30
Publication date: 1911-09-12
Anticipated expiration: 1928-09-12

Description

H. KORRODI. GUN WITH AN INDEPENDENT SIGHTIN G LINE.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

:nLunmlA PLANOGRAPH CO.,WASHINGTON, D.

H. KORRODI. GUN WITH AN INDEPENDENT SIGHTING LINE.

APPLICATION FILED APB.30, 1907.

1,003,115. Peteetet Sept.12,1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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I f f2 m- INM; f I

H. KOR'RODI.

GUN WITH AN INDEPENDENT SIGHTING LINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.30, 1907.

Patented Sept. 12, 1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HEINRICH KORBODI, OF ESSEN-ON-THE-RUHR, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO FRIED. KRUPP AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, OF ESSEN-ON-THE-RUHR, GERMANY.

GUN WITH AN INDEPENDENT SIGHTING-LINE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HEINRICH Konnooi, a citizen of Switzerland, and a resident of Essen-on-the-Ruhr, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Guns with an Independent Sighting-Line, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to a gun with an independent sighting line.

The invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows, by the way of example, a side view, partly in section, of one embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 is a corresponding rear view, also partly in section; Fig. 3 is a section on line 33, Fig. 1, looking from above; Fig. 4: is a section on line *lt, Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is a part of Fig. 3, the construction being somewhat difi erent.

Reference will first be had to the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 to 4. The gun barrel A is mounted to slide on the track-carrier B which by means of horizontal trunnions, of which the drawing shows only one (5), is swingingly mounted in the cradle C. The cradle is connected to the carrier 13 by an elevating mechanism and can, by means of a lateral training mechanism, be swung relatively to the mount L about the axis of the vertical trunnion c which is journaled in the mount.

The elevating and training mechanisms, which are not shown in the drawings, may be of any suitable construction.

One of two horizontal trunnions, viz. Z), is provided with a cylindrical projection 19 the axis of which coincides wit-h the axis of the horizontal trunnions. This projection forms the pivot for an arm D which may be termed the sight-attachment carrier. The carrier D is provided with a guide cl which embraces an adjustment segment P secured to the cradle C and curved concentrically to the axis of the trunnions. The segment has teeth 79 which mesh with a spiral gear E (Fig. 3) having a hand wheel 6 and mounted in the guide cl. The plane through which the gun-barrel swings being perpendicular to the axis of the horizontal trunnions, will be thrown out of vertical position by unevenness in the surface upon which the wheels rest, and angular movement of the Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 30, 1907.

Patented Sept. 12, 1911.

Serial No. 371,073.

gunbarrel upon the horizontal trunnions at such times will not effect corresponding changes in angle of elevation. The sight attachment casing F is swingingly mounted in a project-ion d on the carrier D through the medium of a trunnion f and a guide rail f which is curved concentrically to the axis of the trunnion f. The axis of the trunnion f extends parallel to the plane in which the axis of the bore of the gun-barrel swings during the elevation. The guide-rail f is provided with teeth f (Fig; 2) which mesh with a worm G journaled in the projection d and having a hand-wheel g. It being understood that with a flight continuing a given number of units of time, determined by the adjustment of the fuse, the bursting height will vary with the angle of elevation of the gun-barrel. The carrier D is further provided with a projection d having a groove that is curved concentrically to the axis of the horizontal trunnions and in which is guided a slide H provided with teeth 72, which mesh with a worm J (Figs. 3 and 4:), the worm being journaled in the projection (Z and provided with a handwheel 2". On that face of the projection d that is remotest from the gun-barrel, a scale (Z (Fig. 1) is drawn, serves to correct the bursting height and is adapted to be read in conjunction with a mark 72, on the slide H. In addition to the mark 7L2, the slide H is provided with a second mark h on which can be adjusted a mark r on an index-hand R which is rigidly secured to the projection 7) of the trunnion b. The arrangement is so selected that the axis of the trunnion f is parallel to the axis of the bore of the gunbarrel, when the mark 7* of the index-hand R registers with the mark if and when at the same time the mark 71 registers with the zero point of'the scale (i The correction of the bursting height is therefore effected by shifting the slide H in the projection d of the arm D, the mark ]L3 of the slide being adjusted to register with the mark r of the index-hand R when the gun-barrel is being elevated.

The circularly curved attachment bar K which carries a sight-telescope N is guided, in the customary inclined path, in the at tachment casing F in such a manner that,

when the sightingattachment is adjusted to the desired elevation, the sighting line at the same time gets a direction in which allowance is made for the lateral deviation of the projectile that caused by the rifling. On that face of the attachment-bar, which is remotest from the gun-barrel, elevation scales a 7: 7c are provided, each of said scales corresponding to a certain weight of the driving charge. The edge of the casing F which cooperates with these scales designated In the casing F is journaled a spiral gear M having a hand-wheel m and meshing with teeth L" on the attachment-bar. The sighting attachment is provided with two levels T and S. The level T is arranged in such a manner that its longitudinal axis extends parallel to the axis of the horizontal trunnions, when, on the one hand, the edge 7'" registers with the Zero points of the scales k 7: 7a, and when, on the other hand, the attachment casing F has the adjustment relatively to the carrier D that corresponds to the horizontal position of the wheels. The other level is adjustable in a known manner and serves to eliminate or measure the terrain-angle.

In order to direct the gun at a visible (direct) target by means of the improved sighting attachment the attachment-bar K is first adjusted by means of the spiral gear M 70 in such a manner that the edge 7" of the attachment casing registers with that division-line of the corresponding elevation scale (/0 or 70 or is) that corresponds to the desired range. The adjustment for correcting the bursting height will not be considered at present, and it will therefore be assumed that the mark it? of the slide H registers with the zero point of the scale cl. The sighting line of the telescope is thereupon directed against the target, the elevation be ing effected by swinging the attachment carrier D about the axis of the trunnions by turning the hand-wheel e, and the lateral direction being effected by swinging the eradle C about the axis of the trunnion a through the medium of the lateral training mechanism. If the gun has inclined position of the wheels, that is to say it the level T does not register, the attaclnnent casing F is then swung about the axis of the trunnion f until the level T registers, this swinging movement being effected by means of the hand-wheel. g and the worm gear G F. If, after this has been done, the sighting line is not any longer directed at the target the adjustment of sighting line against the target and the adjustment of the casing F are repeated until'finally the sighting line is directed at the target and the level T registers. Finally, the elevating mechanism is used for imparting such an elevation to the gunbarrel A that the mark r of the index-hand R registers with the mark 70 of the slide H. The gun-barrel is then directed at the target with elii'i'iination ot the influence of the inclined position of the wheels and with elimination of the influence of the lateral deviation caused by the rifling. That this is so will be understood from the following considerations: If the axis of the trunnion f be considered the axis of the bore of a gunbarrel, there is no doubt that this assumed gun-barrel is directed with elimination of the influences of the inclined position of the wheels and of the lateral deviation caused by the rifling, tor, in this instance, their relations are exactly the same as in the known guns in which the attaclnnent-casing can be swung about an axis parallel to the axis of the bore of the gun-barrel for the purpose of eliminating the influence of the inclined position of the wheels and in which the attachment bar has an inclined position which makes up for the lateral deviation of the projectile caused by the rifling. As, however, the mark 7L2 registers with the zero point of the scale (P and the mark 1' is adjusted to register with the mark if, the axis of the bore of the real gun-barrel A is, according to the prior explanations, parallel to the axis of the trunnion f, that is to say, it

is 1 arallel to the axis of the bore of the 1maginary gun-barrel, and the gun-barrel A is consequently also directed with elimination of the influence ot' inclined position of the wheels and of the lateral deviation caused by the twist.

If it is necessary to correct the bursting height the slide H is adjusted by means of the hand-wheel i and the worm-gear J it until the mark if registers with that divisionline of the scale cl" which corresponds to the desired bursting height, and the mark 0" of the index-hand R is thereupon again brought to register with the mark 7L3 through the medium of the elevating mechanism. A change corresponding to the desired correction of the bursting height has then been imparted to the gun-barrel. The influence of the inclined position of the wheel is in this case not completely eliminated because the axis of the bore of the gun-barrel is not any longer parallel to the axis of the trunnion f. The errors caused by this fact are, however, so small that they are of no importance in comparison with the errors of spreading which take place on firing, and no attention need, therefore, be paid thereto.

Even if the possibility of eliminating the influence of the inclined. posit-ion of the wheels is lett out of consideration the hereiii-described device presents the further advantage that the person who operates the clevating mechanism of the gun need only take care that the mark 1" of the index-hand R registers with the mark if of the slide H.

This fact results in much less likelihood for a mistake being made than when the person must first examine the many division lines of an elevatin scale and select that division line with W iich the mark 1" must be brought to register. This advantage is in particular prominent when there are several elevating scales, as in high elevation guns, and when the gun-barrel after each firing must first be brought into loading position and then again into firing position, as is necessary on firing at great elevations.

In Fig. 5 the index-hand R, the slide H and the projection (Z of the attachment carrier D are provided at 0a with surfaces on the side toward the gun-barrel, on which surfaces are arranged the above-named marks 1" k k and the scale 03*. The object of this arrangement is to enable the elevation of the gun-barrel to be watched by that person of the serving-crew who is positioned on the right side of the gun and operates the elevating mechanism.

' Having now described the invention, what is claimed as new is 1. The combination with a gun-barrel, of a sighting device carrier swingable in the same direction as the elevating movement of the gun-barrel takes place and having an axis fixed thereon which can be adjusted parallel to the axis of the bore of the gunbarrel by swinging said carrier, a sighting device comprising an adjustable part carrying the sight and means for imparting to the sighting-line an inclination corresponding to the range relatively to the axis fixed on said sighting device carrier, said adjustable part carrying the sight being adapted to partake of the swinging movement of said carrier, means for elevating said sighting device carrier independently of the gunbarrel, and a member swingable about the same axis as said carrier and provided with a mark, said member being positively connected to the gun-barrel and adapted to turn in unison therewith and said sighting device carrier having a mark adapted to register with the mark of said member, when the axis of the bore of the gun-barrel and said axis fixed on the sighting device carrier are essentially parallel to each other.

2. The combination with a gun-barrel, of a sighting device carrier swingable in the same direction as the elevating movement of the gun-barrel takes place and having an axis fixed thereon which can be adjusted parallel to the axis of the bore of the gunbarrel by swinging said carrier, a sighting device comprising an adjustable part carrying the sight and means for imparting to the sighting-line an inclination corresponding to the range relatively to the axis fixed on said sighting device carrier, said adjustable part carrying the sight being adapted to partake of the swinging movement of said carrier, means for elevating said sighting device carrier independently of the gunbarrel, and a member swingable about the same axis as said carrier and provided with a mark, said member being positively connected to the gun-barrel and adapted to turn in unison therewith and said sighting device carrier having a mark adapted to register with the mark of said member, when the axis of the bore of the gun-barrel and said axis fixed on the sighting device carrier are essentially parallel to each other, and a correcting device comprising a slide carrying one of said marks, and a means for adjusting said slide.

3. The combination with a gun-barrel, of a sighting device carrier swingable in the same direction as the elevating movement of the gun-barrel takes place and having an axis fixed thereon which can be adjusted parallel to the axis of the bore of the gunbarrel by swinging said carrier, a sighting device comprising an adjustable part carrying the sight and means for imparting to the sighting-line an inclination corresponding to the range relatively to the axis fixed on said sighting device carrier, said adjustable part carrying the sight being adapted to partake of the swinging movement of said carrier, means for elevating said sighting device carrier independenty of the gun-barrel, and a member swingable about the same axis as said carrier and provided with a mark, said member being positively connected to the gun-barrel and adapted to turn in unison therewith and said sighting device carrier having a mark adapted to register with the mark of said member, when the axis of the bore of the gun-barrel and said axis fixed on the sighting device carrier are essentially parallel to each other, and a device for correcting the bursting height comprising a slide carrying one of said marks, means for adjusting said slide, a scale for indicating the adjustment of said slide and a mark appertaining to said scale, the said scale and the mark appertaining thereto and the two first-named marks being located on the sides of said sighting device carrier and said swingable member which are remotest from the gun-barrel.

4:. The combination with a gunbarrel, of a sighting device carrier swingable in the same direction as the elevating movement of the gun-barrel takes place and having an axis fixed thereon which can be adjusted parallel to the axis of the bore of the gunbarrel by swinging said carrier, a sighting device comprising an adjustable part carrying the sight, a casing therefor swingingly mounted on said carrier about the axis fixed thereon and means for imparting to the sighting-line an inclination corresponding to the range relatively to the axis of swinging movement of said casing, said adjustable part carrying the sight being adapted to partake of the swinging movement of said carrier, means for elevating said sighting device carrier independently of the gunbarrel and a member swingable about the same axis as said carrier and provided with a mark, said member being positively connected to the gun barrel and adapted to turn in unison therewith and said sighting device carrier having a mark adapted to register with the mark of said swingable memher, when the axis of the bore of the gunbarrel and said axis fixed on the sighting device carrier are essentially parallel to each other. I

5. The combination with a gun carriage, of a gun barrel provided with horizontal trunnions, a carrier adjustable independently of the gun barrel about the axis of the horizontal trunnions, an adjustable-slide mounted in said carrier and provided with a mark, a sighting device mounted on the carrier and provided with a casing adjustable relatively to the carrier about a horizontal axis other than the axis of the trunnions; and an index-hand partaking of the elevation of the gun-barrel, said slide and index-hand being adapted to indicate the relative angular adjustment between the gun barrel and the carrier.

6. The combination with the gun barrel, of a sighting attachment carrier adjustable independently of the gun barrel about the axis of the horizontal trunnions and carry ing a scale for correcting the bursting height, an mdex hand partaking of the elevation of the gun barrel, and an adjustable device mounted on the carrier and provided with two marks, one for the scale and the other for the index hand.

7. The combination with a gun carriage, of a gun-barrel, a carrier adjustable independently of the gun-barrel about the axis of the horizontal trunnions, an adjustable slide mounted in said carrier and provided with a mark, a sighting device mounted on the carrier and provided with a casing adjustable relatively to the carrier about a horizontal axis other than the axis of the trunnions; and an index-hand partaking of the elevation of the gun-barrel and adapted to register with the mark upon said slide.

8. The combination with the gun-barrel; of a carrier; means for adjusting the carrier independently of the movement of the gunbarrel and about the axis of the horizontal trunnions of the gun-barrel; a sight-attachment casing carried by the carrier; means for adjusting said casing about an axis other than the axis of the trunnions; an indexhand partaking of the movement of the gunbarrel; and means for correcting the bursting-height, said means comprising a slide in geared relation with said carrier.

9. The combination with a trunnioned: gun-barrel, of a carrier arm pivotally mounted upon one of the trunnions of said gun-barrel and provided with an arcuate groove concentric therewith, an arcuate rack rigidly secured to the cradle within which the gun-barrel is trunnioned, said arcuate rack being concentric with the trunnion and provided with a projection to fit said groove, geared means carried bv the carrier arm for engaging said rack, a sight attachment ad justable angularly about axes in planes parallel and perpendicular to the trunnions, an index-arm rigidly secured to said trunnion upon which the carrier is mounted, and means adjustable relatively to both the carrier and the index-arm whereby a preliminary adjustment to correct the bursting height is obtained.

10. The combination with a gun-carriage, of a gun-barrel; a carrier adjustable independently of the gun-barrel about the axis of the horizontal trunnions, a sighting-device mounted on the carrier and comprising a sight-attachment adjustable about the latter to correspond to the range of the target, and a casing for the sight-attaclnnent adjustable about an axis without the horizontal plane through the axis of the trunnions, and means acting independently of the sighting-(let uce for indicating the correction of the burstingheight.

11. The combination with a gun-carriage; of a gun-barrel; a carrier adjustable independently of the gun-barrel about the axis of the horizontal trunnions; a sighting device mounted on the carrier; a casing therefor, adjustable relatively to the carrier about an axis other than the axis of said trun nions; means for controlling the elevation of the sighting-device independently of the movement of the gun-barrel; and means adjustable independently of the sighting device for indicating the correction of the bursting-hei ht.

12. The combination with a gun carriage, of a gun barrel, a carrier adjustable independently of the gun barrel about the axis of the horizontal trunnions and carrying a scale for correcting the bursting height, a sighting device mounted on the carrier and adjustable relatively to the latter to correspond to the range of the target, an index hand partaking of the elevation of the gun barrel, and a device mounted adjustably on the carrier and carrying two marks, one for the scale and the other for the index hand.

13. The combination with a gun-carriage, of a gun barrel, a carrier adjustable independently of the gun-barrel about the axis of the horizontal trunnions, a sightingdcvice mounted upon the carrier and comprising a casing adjustable about an aXis above the seldorf, Germany, this 19th day of March, horizontal plane of the trunniolns; a sight- 1907. attachment movable throiwh t e casing by means of gearing; and Ingans acting inde- HEINRICH KORRODI' pendently of the sighting device whereby the In,,presence 0fcorrection in the bursting height is obtained. M. ENeELs,

The foregoing specification signed at Dus- ALFRED POHLMEYER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of latents, Washington, D. G.