US1002306A

US1002306A - Pump.

Info

Publication number: US1002306A
Application number: US61766011A
Authority: US
Inventors: Franklin J Perkins
Original assignee: HOLDER PERKINS Co
Current assignee: HOLDER-PERKINS Co; HOLDER PERKINS Co
Priority date: 1911-03-29
Filing date: 1911-03-29
Publication date: 1911-09-05
Anticipated expiration: 1928-09-05

Description

F. J. PERKINS.

PUMP. ArPLIoATIoN FILED 111111193911.

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T. J. PERKINS.

PUMP. APPLIOATION FILED 11111.29, 1911.

1,002,306. Patented Sept. 5,1911.

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APPLICATION FILED MAB.. 29, 1911.

Patented Sept. 5, 1911.

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y NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANKLIN J. PERKINS, OF WOBURN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO HOLDER-PERRIN S COMPANY, OF WOBURN, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION 0F MASSACHUSETTS..

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Specification of Ifetters Patent.

Patented Sept. 5, 1911.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANKLIN J. PER- KINS, a citizen of the United States, residing in Woburn, county of Middlesex, and State of Massachusetts,\have invented an Improvement in Pumps, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to a pumping apparatus and is herein shown as. embodied in apparatus with which a substantially high pressure may be obtained in an accumulator or other tank or vessel in a minimum time, and with a prime mover for the pump of minimum size and capacity.

The pumping apparatus herein shown is provided with a plurality of cylinders of various sizes, which are connected with the pressure tank to discharge Huid therein, and provision is made for automatically disconnecting some of the cylinders individually from the pressure tank when the pressure in Ithe latter reaches ,successive predetermined points. The cylinders of the pump may and preferably will be arranged tandem and made of different areas or sizes, as will be described, and the cut-out for each cylinder is arranged so that the cylinders may be successively disconnected from the" pressure tank beginning with the cylinder of largest size. `These and other features of this invention will be pointed out in the claims at the end of this specilication.`

Figure 1 is a side elevation of one form of pumping apparatus embodying this invent-ion. Fig. 2, a vertical longitudinal section of the pump portion of the apparatus shown in Fig.l 1. Fig. 3, an end elevation of the pump portion of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1 looking toward the left, and Fig. 4, a detail in section on an enlarged scale of one of the automatic cut-outs to be referred to.

In the present instance,the invention is shown as embodied in a pumping apparatus provided with four

cylinders

1, 2, 3, 4, arranged in tandem and of different sizes, which successively'decrease from the cylinder 1 to the cylinder 4. The cylindersA 1 with which the inlet to 4 have located in them pistons or plungers .5, 6, 7, 8, which maybe detachably secured together or maybe madeas one piece with the piston rod 9 of a steam engine 10 of any suitable construction.

The pump cylinders 1 to 4 are made individual as herein shown, and secured to'- gether by bolts 12 in a manner Well understood. Each pump cylinder is provided with a Huid inlet and With a fluid outlet, and in the present instance the fluid inlet passage 13 for each cylinder is connected with a supply chamber 14, which is connected by 'a pipe 15 with the source of fluid supply, which -is represented in Fig. 1 as a tank or vessel 16. Communication between each fluid inlet passage 13 and the supply chamber 14 is controlled by a check valve 18, which is arranged to be opened on the suction stroke of the piston in the cylinder passage is connected near its front end as herein represented, and each cylinder is provided near its front end with anoutlet port 20 controlled by a check valve 21, which is arranged to be held to its seat on the suction stroke of the piston and to be opened on the discharge stroke of the piston. The valves 2l of the cylinders l to 4 inclusive cont-rol communication between the said cylinders and their outlet passages 25, 26, 27, 28, which are individually connected with an accumulator or other closed tank or vessel 29, in which it is desired to accumulate the fluid under pressure. The outlet passages 25, 26, 27, have connected with them

valve casings

30, 31, 32, each provided with

outlet ports

33, 34, which are connected by

pipes

35, 36, with the accumulator 29, and the outlet passage 28 is connected by a branch pipe 37 with the pipe 35.

. Each of the

valve casings

30, 31, 32, is provided witha valve controlling the

ports

33, 34, said valve in the present instance being shown as a hollow cylinder 40, open at its lower end and closed at its upper end, and provided in its body portion with

slots

41, 42, forming ports, which are designed to connect the interior of the valve with the

pipes

35, 36, as will be described. The valve 40 is normally held up in its casing against registers with the mouth of the

ports

41, 33 into the a stop 45 (see Fig. 2) by a spring 46, encirclin a rod 47 attached to the valve and eX- tended through the closed upper end of the valve casing, said spring bearing against a collar 48, which is ad'usted on the rod 47 by nuts 49 engaging the t readed end of the said rod. The valve casing has communicating with it above the valve 40 in its uppermost position, a pipe 50, which leads to the upper part of the accumulator, so that the valve iS subjected to the pressure within the accumulator at all times. When the pressure is below a predetermined point, which is determined by the adjustable nuts 49 acting on the spring 46, the latter overcomes the pressure on the upper s rface of the valve and lifts the latter against its stop, and when the valve is in this position, the port 41 port 33, thereby connecting the valve casing with the pipe 35, and the port 42 is out of line'with the port 34, and communication between the valve casing and the pipe 36 is cut oit. When, however, the pressure on the top of thevalve exceeds the tension or pressure of the spring 46, the valve 40 is moved down in its casing and the port 42l is brought into register with the port 34, and the port 41 is moved out of register with the port 33 and communication between the valve casing and the pipe 35 -is cut oif and established between said casing and the pipe 36. With the valves in the posltion shown in Fig. 2, all four pistons are working simultaneously to force the fluid into the storage tank or accumulator, each piston on its suction stroke drawing water or other iluid from the supply tank 16 into its cylinder, and on their discharge stroke, the pistons 5, 6, 7 force the water up into their valve casings and through the pipe 35 and thence into the accumulator 29, While the piston 8 forces the water through the branch pipe 37 into the pipe 35 and thence into the accumulator. After the pressure in the accumulator has been raised therein to a predetermined point, the valve 40 connected with the largest pump cylinder l is moved by said pressure to cut oif the pipe 35 and connect thepipe 36 with the valve casing, the force or tension of the spring 46 for said valve being adjusted to be overcome at the predetermined pressure. The pump continues to run but the piston area, which is effective for forcing the water into the accumulator has been materially reduced, for instance, about one-halt; that is, piston 5 in the largest cylinder 1 reciproc-ates in unison with the other pistons and draws liquid from the supply as above described, on its suction stroke, and on its discharge stroke, the liquid is returned to the supply tank, it passing from the valve casing 30 through the

ports

42, 34 into the pipe 36, which returns it to the supply tank. The large cylinder 1 is thus practically cut out, and the reduced area of the remaining pistons, being less than the maximum area which the steam engine initially took care of, enables the steam engine to work the three remaining pistons against the pressure in the accumulator. The pressure in the accumulatoil is thus raised until it reaches a higher predetermined point, at which time the said pressure operates the valve 40 connected with pump cylinder 2 to connect the valve casing with the supply tank, thereby automatically cutting-out the next largest cylinder. The pump continues to run and the pistons 7, 8, remain eil'ective for forcing lifuid into the pressure tank against a consi erable pressure therein, and the pump pistons 7, 8, remain eiective until the pressure in the accumulator reaches a third point, whereupon thev valve 40 connected with the third cylinder 3 is moved by the pressure in the accumulator so as to cut out this 'pump cylinder and connect it with the su ply tank. The pump continues to run wit the piston area of the fourth and smallest cylinder 4 as the eifective' piston area, and liquid is forced into the accumulator until the pressure therein reaches a fourth predetermined oint, at which the pressure in the accumu ator becomes equal to the capacity of the piston 8 and holds the check valve 21 closed with the result, that the pumps are stop ed until the pressure in the accumulator haslbeen reduced as by use, whereupon the piston 8 is again rendered active. If the pressure in the accumulator is reduced below the third predetermined point, the pistons 7, 8, automatically become e'fective, and when said pressure is reduced to below thesecond and first predetermined points, the three pistons 6, 7, 8, and then the fourth, 5, becomes effective. As soon as the pressure falls below the third point, the valve 40 for the cylinder 3 is moved by its spring 46 to cut 0E the pipe 36 from the cylinder 3 and connect the latter with the pipe 35 leading to the accumulator. When the pressure falls below the second predetermined point, the spring 46 moves the valve 40 of the second cylinder 2 so as to cut oit the pipe 36 and conect the pipe 35. When the pressure falls below the irst or lowest predetermined point, the spring 46 moves the valve 4G for the first cylinder and cuts olf the pipe 36 and connects the pipe 35.

I have herein shown the pump pistons as operated by a steam engine, but 1t is not desired to limit the invention to any particular form ot prime mover for the pump pistons.

In practice a single tandem pump may be used with the accumulator or a duplex tandem may be used after the manner represented in Fig. 3.

I have herein shown the4 tandem pump as comprisingfour cylindersy and pistons,

but it is not desired'to limit the invention to any particular number of the tandem.

The invent-ion is represented in one form or construction, which may be preferred, but it is not desired to limit the' invention to the particular construction herein shown.

From the above description, it Will be seen that When all four pistons are in operation to force liquid into the accumulator, the latter Will be filled to a predetermined point in a substantially short time, and thereafter a greater plressure in the accumulator is obtained wit the prime mover Whose size and capacity remain the same. In other Words by diminishing the piston areas by successive steps, the back pressure from the accumulator acting against the pistons of the pump does not overcome the direct pressure of the prime mover, and as a result a high pressure in the accumulator is obtained in a minimum time with a prime mover of minimum size or capacity, Which is operated in an even or uniform manner.

A pumping apparatus embodying this invention is easy running and economical, and can be installed at a loW cost and maintained in effective condition at a minimum expense.

The pistons or plungers are rendered Huid tight in their cylinders in any suitable manner as by packing rings 70, which are shown as located in annular grooves in the Walls of the cylinders.

Claims:

l. rlhe combination with a pressure tank or vessel, of a pumping apparatus comprising a plurality of cylinders and pistons of different sizes and arranged tandem, a iuid inlet for each of said cylinders, a check valve controlling said fluid inlet, a iiuid outlet for each of' sald cylinders, a check valve controlling said iiuid outlet, means for connecting the Huid outlets of said cylinders with the said pressure tank or vessel, and valves controlling the passage of fluid from some of said cylinders to said pressure tank or vessel, said valves being actuated by fluid pressure from said tank or vessel When said p-ressure reaches predetermined points to automatically cut ofi from said pressure tank or vessel the cylinders of the pump, which are controlled by said valves, substantially as described.

2. A um in a paratus comprising a pluralitypof zliigideips and pistons of different sizes and arranged tandem, a fiuid inlet for each of said cylinders, a check valve in said fluid inlet, a fluid outlet for each of said cylinders, a check valve in said iuid outlet, and valve casings connected With the Huid outlets of the larger cylinders and provided with fluid lr)utlet ports, valves in said casings controlling said ports, and means to move the cylinders in saidvalves in one direction to close one of said ports and ope-n the other, substantially as described.

3. A pumping apparatus comprising a plurality of cylinders and pistons of different sizes and common means for actuating said pistons and arranged tandem, fluid lnlets for said cylinders, fluid outlet pipes for said cylinders and valves in the fluid outlet pipes of some of said cylinders normally open and automatically operated to close said outlet pipes'and render ineflec tive the cylinders of the they are connected.

4. The combination with a pressure tank or vessel, of a pumping apparatus comprising a plurality of' cylinders and pistons of different sizes and common means for actuating said pistons, pipe connections between said cylinders and said pressure tank, and a valve controlling the connection of one of said cylinders With said pressure tank and normally open to establish communication between the same When the pressure in the tank is below a predetermined point, and actuated by cut ofi' said communication When thep-ressure in the tank reaches said predetermined point, substantially as described.

5. The combination With a pumping appump with Which Vparatus comprising a plurality of cylinders and pistons, and a prime mover for the same, of a pressure tank,'iuid outlet pi es for said cylinders connecting the same With said tank, a valve casing having a port connected With one of said cylinders, a second port with Which one of the fluid outlet pipes is connected, a valve in said casing controlling said second port and normally open, a pipe connecting the pressure tank With the valve casing on the opposite side of the valve from the port connected with the um cylinder to enable said valve to be closed by fluid pressure when the said pressure in' the tank reaches a predetermined point, and means to open said falls below said predetermined point, substantially as`..described.

6. The combination with apumping apparatus comprising a plurality of cylinders and pistons, a pressure receptacle, a Huid supply, means for connecting the pump cylinders with said supply, outlet pipes for said cylinders connected with said pressure receptacle, a valve casing having a port connected with one of said cylinders, and having a second port connected with the outlet pipe for said cylinder, and having a third port connected with the source of fluid supply, a valve in said casing, means for holding said valve in a position to normally open the port connected with the said outlet pipe and to 'close the port connected with the fluid supply, and

the pressure in the tankA tovalve When the pressure means to connect the valve casing with the name to this specification in the presence of presure recetacle to enalollethe presure in two subscribing Witnesses. sai receptac e to move t e valve an close the fluid outlet pipe of the pump cylinder FRANKLIN J' PERKINS 5 and open the port connected with the source Witnesses:

of fluid Supply, substantially as described. JAS. H. CHURCHILL,

In testimony whereof, I have signed my J. MURPHY.