US1000392A - Magnetic separator. - Google Patents

Description

E. J. PEELEY.

MAGNETIC SEPARTOR.

. APPLICATION HLBD PEB. 1s, 1911.

Patented Aug-15, 1911.

2 SHEETS- SHEET l.

E. J. FEELBY. 'MAGNETIC SEPARATOR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.18, 1911.

ed 4certain new and useful Improvements of suchmachines,

EUGENEJ. EEELEY, or FAIRFIELD, CONNECTICUT.

MAGNETIC sErAnAToE.

specification of Letters Patent. Application filed February 18, 19I1. 4Serial 11a-609,383.

Patented Aug, 15, 1911.

To all whomit may concern:

Be it known that 1, EUGENE J. Fnnmr, a citizen of the United States, and a res1 dent of Fairfield, Connecticut, have inventin Magnetic Separators, of which the following is a specification accompanied, by drawings. Y

'- lThis invention relates to vmagnetic separators, and the objects of the invention are to `improve and simplify the construction increase the eiciency, and increase the capacity of the machine by maki ing the action more rapld.'

Other objectsof the invention are to reduce the wear and tear on the machine, .avoid the use of a commutator and its attendant troubles, and reduce the dangers due l-to wear of insulation and accompanying short circuits.

' Further oh'ects of the invention will hereinafter appear and the invention consists of a machine for carrying out all of the above objects, embodying the. features of construction, combinations of elements and arrange- *ment ofparts having'the general Inode of i operation substantially as hereinafter fully tionof a machine embodying the invention;

described andlclaimed 1n this specification and shown in its preferred form in the accompanying drawings, in which-lu Figure 1 is aside elevation partly in sec' Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevationV taken through the drum and connected parts; and Fig. 3 is a detail diagrammatic view of the `magnet frame andmagnets.

Referring -to the drawings, the machine y is provided with 'any suit-able frame shown in this lnstance comprlsing the uprights A 'connected at the top by the longitudinal pieces Bl and the'topbars C. --Atv the bottom the .uprights may be4 connected by the cross' bolts D extending through suitable sleeves E arranged rbetween thev uprights. A longitudinalbolt F within the sleeve'Gr preferably connects theguprights at the back,

. 4thus providing a lbrace/d frame'for the .ma`

chine. i 'Suitable means .in .the form of bearing brackets H are provided at the front o-f the frame and secured to .the uprights A as `by means of the bolts Ll.

:In the bearing v' brackets H istsupported ashaft- K which in l Ithis instance 11s adapted to be' held 'stationary as by means of--the-.set screwsL. Rev' 1- olubly mounted on the stationarylshaftK -is'a drum .O -of nonsmagnetic material, as thin sheet 'copper supported at either end `upon spiders P and Q., preferably of brass. The spider Q as' shown is -provided with the shoulder R having thesprocket wheel S over which passes the driving chain T for revolving the drum in the direction ofthe stationary upon the shaft K is.a segmental magnet connected to the spiders W in any suitable manner, as by means of the screws X, and the spiders W are preferably pinned to the shaft K by means of 'the pins Y.

The magnet frame' Vis provided with nets, the coresfmounted on the frame as by means of the reduced portions a secured in apertures in the frame. The magnet coils b are preferably so wound, that groups of'longitudinal series or rows of magnets `are of alternate polarity, as indicated bytlle plus rand minus signs, in this instance two rowsbeing shown in a group. The Circuit connections o are led tothe Amagnet coils preferably throuo'h the apertured in `one'end of the shaft vrow of magnets with4 poles of the samepolarity staggered between'the magnets of the first negative row; 4then follows ,a yrow of staggered positive Iriagnets, and a'vsecond row of positive magnets staggered between the first row of -posltive magnets, then two rows of staggered negative magnets, and so on around the magnet frame. The said from thejline of free-'fall as to permit nonmagnetic material. -to drop off, and means moving material past said rows of magnetic elements.v v

The series of electro-magnets are preferably so located and arranged within lthe "drum O, by means of the'magnet frame, that they subtend an arc of at least 180 measuring in the direction of rotation of the drum O from a radius at the top of the drum slightly in advance o fthe vertical, diameter of the drum, and the material toghe separated' is top ofthe drum adjacent the first electroxmagnet. In the drawing'the magnet frame According to this arrangement there isirstl a longitudinal row `of magnets with poles .of one polarity, as negative; then another poles are arranged 1n a plane so deviating.

are provided as the drum O, for positively preferably fed to the drum at a vpoint at the.

arrow U.' Mounted within the drum' O and i frame V. The magnet frame V is lon,'gitudinal rows or lseries of staggered magnetic elements,preferably electro-magl 'Z -of-which lare suitablyf V and the seriesvof magnets are shown eX-. 'tending over an arc somewhat more than 180C for a purposepwhich will -hereinafter appear.` TheY material ,to `'be.Separated is having the bottom plate f provided with an extension g vwhich .extends over the top of the-drum into proximity with the first series of electro-ma e'ts. The drumv is preferably'provide with longitudinal ridges or projections at intervals on its outer surface extending substantially the length of the drum. Tliese longitudinalridges are preferably in the form-of fine brass wires k soldered acro'ss the druln and lpreferably separated by arcsof substantially 90..

In vmachines of this character, some of the magnetic material is yheld stationary in space, and the drum revolves ,between it and the magnets. terial will 'also be lcarriedaround on the drum. The wires carry the remainder of the material around and-they also prevent a vridge or fringe of material from collecting `at the back of the drum, because they dislodge such ridge or frin e, which is held in v space, and cause it to fal from-the-drum.

It has been found that in eii'ect three separations 'are made in accordance with this invention, and to this end the collecting trough may conveniently be divided into three compartments, of which the section A at the. front collects the non-magnetic particles, as brass, the centralsection B', located immediately forward of the vertical diameter of 4thedrum collects amixtureof both brass and iron, While the rear'section C collects the magnetic particles; as iron. The mixture collected in the compartment B may be run l. through the machine again. Y

InI the operation ofthe machine so far described, the drum 0 is revolved outside of the series of electro-magnets and the inaterial to be separated comprising, for instance, a mixture of iron and brass chips, is fed through the chute e and over the plate f and the extension g, to the top of the drum -O. The electro-ma nets are continuously energized and the 1ron chips are carried Aarommd upon the surface of the drum as described While they remain' Within the field of4 force of the magnets, until they pass beyond the limits ofthe lines bf force,a"t which point they fall by gravity within the receptacle provided. By providing series of electro-magnets through anv are of atleast .Formare than 180, the iron chips are carried ,l ir'artl'ier backfrom the vertical centerline i of' the drum before they are deposited in a receptacle. and by this means: lmore time is -alloweda-pd a greater-opportunity atorded v for foreign matteny which might be-contained ther chips by reason oi their rough.- nes's, to drop from the drum. The hulk of 65@ the iron chips are therefore retained on the fed to the drum through the shakingchute er' Some of the magnetic ma'-y .drum forthe maximum time required to the point where they drop by gravity. This arrangement of the magnets also allows the 4receiving box orreceptacle for containing the ironrchips to be larger,y since' it may-be placed to the rear BIT the dru 1n ;Alarger pile of' chips may therefore becollected before it is necessary to remove them, which is an advantage, especially in those cases Where but one attendant isl in charge of the machine A' i By winding the electro-magnets so that the series of magnets are of alternate polarity,'the chips are compelled to rotate or turn substantially completelyovr AWhile passing through the influence of the magnet 1 flux of the vpositive and'negative poles, 'and Iwhile so rotating any brass .or other nonmagnetic materials are more readily-liberated and fall by gravity from the drum at the front. Any brass or other vforeign matter which may beheld by the roughness of Vthe iron chips will be thrown oli' as lthe i-ron chips turn to meet the dierentvmagnetic poles, and the brass is collected v-in the receptacle beneath the machine as described.

By providing 'double rows of staggered magnets, each double row being of alternate polarity, I am not only enabled to obtain a rotation ofthe chips, but I produce a zig' zag motion lof the particles in passing ,over the drum, which separates the masses longii tudinally, 'and by thus o eningA the masses and agitating the partices, a much more complete separation of the magnetic and non-magnetic `particles is obtained than heretofore. Apparently, the vfieldsv of force exten'd in circumferential directionsl around the drum, and also at various angles across thedrum, vwhich is well -shown by the continual arrangement and rearrangementot' the' particles in substantially geometric figures as they pass over the drum, thereby shaking out the. non-magnetic particles.

,1 To aid the action ofthe magnets, and prevent the metal from adhering'to the drum, the brass wires h o f small diameter are. placed across the entire length of the drum. 'h The function of these wires .is as described to carry forward the-metallic chips held in suspension and whichrwould otherwise tend to creep uli on the surface of the drum 'and also collect at the rear. The action of the drum isv made more rapid by the wires and the capacity of the machine is increased.

Any suitable means may be provided for feeding material to the drum, but I have shown feeding mechanism which has been e found to operate satisfactorily and well.' The ame of the machine is preferably provided 'with-the cross barsf' rovided .with the bearf ing brackets k suitab y secured thereto as by means of the. bolts o. A hopper p having feed adjuster .p is suitably mounted upon the frame and an agitator g mounted in bear- 13 ings on the bracket is arranged within the lower portion of'the hopper and provided with a driving pulle 1". Above the lower lip s of the hopper is preferably arranged another agitator t suitably geared to the agitator g. The material passing from the hopper falls upon the shaker e `which is mounted on the rollers u. The shaker e is actuated by eccentrics u on the driving shaft fw which is provided with a driving pulleyA a: and main drivihg belt y, The driving sprocket z on the drive shaft w is lconnected by the driving chain to the drum sprocket. The pulley m on the drivev'shaft lw is corrnected by the driving belt n to the pulley fr of agitator g. The drive shaft w is suitably mounted in bearing brackets 2 connected to the frame by the bolts 3. i The eccentrics lv are provided with the eccentric straps 4 pivoted to which are the bolts.5 connected to the shaker e. 'f

Rotation of the drive shaft/w aetuates the agitators g and t, and the shaker e, and-also `operates t-he driving chain T for the yof short circuits and wear on insulation.

The construction of the machine'is simpli-A fied and its life is prolonged. No wiperV is I required to remove the chips from the drum A and the eiiiciency of the inachin'elis greatly increased. The particles and masses continually shaken and rotated or turned to effect' separation, and the accumulation of masses is prevented. When masses of of particles are 'I particles fall upon the drum from the chute,

they are drawn apart .-by the actionof the fields of force extending at angles between the positive and negative poles ofthe stagferential ,lines,` one opposite the (other, around the drum. 1

I claim and desire to obtain by Letters Patent the following:

In combination, a plurality'of 4rows of .magnetic elements, the poles of each row being arranged in staggered relation to the poles of adjacent rows, said rows being arranged ;in, groups, the poles of" each group being of the samel polarityx and the polarity in'each group being opposite to that of ad jacent groupsfs'aid poles being in a' plane so deviating from the line of free fall as to permit nonqnagnetic material to drop off, and means for positively moving material past said rows of magnetic-elements.

y In testimony whereof I havesigned this` specification lin' the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' EUGENE J. FEELEY. Witnesses;

MALCOLM BAX'i'ER,

JOHN WooDcoCK..

45 gered magnets to a much greater extent than when the magnets are arranged 1n circum-

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