UA82748C2 - Automated hydrostatic transformer - Google Patents

Abstract

An automated hydrostatic transformer includes hydrostatic clutch as one non-controlled volumetric pump 6 with throttle control of flow of working liquid, at least one for each volumetric pump throttle 8, with spool 13, rigidly connected to the housing 7 of volumetric pump and controlled by pressure of working liquid, centrifugal mechanism of idling 9 and tank 12. The centrifugal idling mechanism 9 is arranged as spring-supported with springs 10 centrifugal loads 11. The transformer includes as well partial differential 1 with input central wheel 2, output carrier 3, at least one satellite 4 that is kinematically connected to the shaft 5 of the volumetric pump 6, the housing 7 of which is rigidly fixed on the carrier 3. Besides that the tank 12 and the carrier 3 of the partial differential 1 of the automated hydrostatic transformer include reactor wheel 14 and turbine one 15, respectively, for repetitive directing jets 16 to the carrier 3. Automated hydrostatic transformer includes at least one check valve 17 placed in parallel to the respective throttle 8.

Description

The invention belongs to mechanical engineering and can be used in automatic stepless transmissions of vehicles and hydraulic drives of general and special purpose machines.

A hydraulic volumetric transmission is known, which includes a hydrostatic clutch in the form of an unregulated volumetric pump with a throttle regulation of the flow of the working fluid, the housing of which is rigidly mounted on the engine flywheel with the possibility of rotation around the pump shaft, as well as at least one hydraulically connected to the pump and rigidly connected to the pump body, a throttle of the reactive moment nozzle type, a centrifugal idle mechanism with the possibility of influencing the force of the pressure spring of the throttle depending on the angular velocity of the pump body, and a reservoir rigidly connected to the engine flywheel. The principle of operation of the transmission is based on the use of the pump as a hydrostatic clutch with throttle control of the flow of the working fluid. The reactive moment created on the flywheel of the drive engine when the working fluid flows out at a high speed from the nozzles of the reactive moment causes the transformation of the torque. However, the formation of a reactive moment on the flywheel of the drive motor leads to the introduction of a high-power pump and a decrease in the efficiency of the process in the stop mode, the use of a moving tank reduces the transmission efficiency, limits the introduction of a cooling system and the provision of an optimal thermal regime, as well as the possibility of the formation of an additional dynamic reactive moment on the pump body | see patent of Ukraine for the invention Me23335 A, IPC

E16NZ9/00, 39/02, 19981.

The closest analogue (prototype) is an automatic hydrostatic transformer, which includes a hydrostatic coupling in the form of at least one non-regulated positive displacement pump with throttle regulation of the flow of the working fluid, at least one for each positive displacement pump is rigidly connected to the positive displacement pump housing and controlled by the pressure of the working fluid, the throttle, the external idle mechanism and the reservoir See stalemate.

Sha 81150, 10.12.2007, or application OA Mea 2005107041.

However, the intended layout of the hydraulic coupling makes it difficult to implement industrial positive displacement pumps without auxiliary reduction gears and multipliers in high-speed drives, and the use of the latter reduces the impact of the reactive moment on the formation of the output torque, since the further increase in the revolutions of the positive displacement pump housing reduces the torque. Traditionally, the asymmetric layout of gear pumps requires their conversion or the introduction of imbalances, which negatively affects the performance and efficiency of the transmission.

The basis of the invention is the task of improving the automatic hydrostatic transformer by means of an effective layout of the hydraulic coupling, taking into account the characteristics of industrial hydraulic pumps, which will allow to increase the torque in the transformation mode.

The task is solved by the fact that in an automatic hydrostatic transformer, which includes a hydrostatic coupling in the form of at least one non-regulated positive displacement pump with throttle regulation of the flow of the working fluid, at least one for each positive displacement pump is rigidly connected to the body of the positive displacement pump and a throttle controlled by the pressure of the working fluid, an external idling mechanism and a tank, according to the invention, an incomplete differential mechanism with an input central wheel, an output carrier, at least one satellite, kinematic connected to the shaft of a volumetric pump, whose body is rigidly fixed on the carrier, is implemented. In addition, according to the invention, the tank and carrier of the partial differential mechanism of the automatic hydrostatic transformer include, respectively, reactor and turbine wheels. And also, according to the invention, the automatic hydrostatic transformer includes at least one non-return valve introduced in parallel with the corresponding throttle.

The essence of the invention is explained by the drawing, where Fig. 1 shows a kinematic diagram of an automatic hydrostatic transformer, Fig. 2 shows a diagram of the circulation of the working fluid in the case of the formation of an additional dynamic reactive moment.

The automatic hydrostatic transformer is made in the form of a hydrostatic clutch with a throttle control of the flow of the working fluid and includes an incomplete differential mechanism 1 with an input central wheel 2, an output carrier 3, at least one satellite 4, kinematically connected to the shaft 5 of the volumetric pump 6, housing 7 which is rigidly fixed on the carrier 3. For each positive displacement pump 6, at least one throttle 8 rigidly connected to the body 7 of the positive displacement pump 6 and controlled by the pressure of the working fluid, installed with the possibility of forming a reactive moment on the carrier 3, is implemented. Automatic hydrostatic transformer also includes at least one centrifugal idle mechanism 9 (common or autonomous for each throttle 8) in the form of centrifugal loads 11 spring-loaded by springs 10, and a tank 12. Each throttle 8 includes a pressure spool 13 with the possibility of limiting its movement by a centrifugal idle mechanism 9. Tank 12 automatic hydrostatic transformer The actuator is hingedly connected to the carrier Z and rigidly to the body of the component unit. In order to form an additional dynamic reactive moment, the reservoir 12 and the carrier C include (for the illustrated variant) the reactor 14 and the turbine 15 wheels, respectively, which ensure at least a one-time impact of the jets 16 flowing out of the throttles 8 on the carrier C of the incomplete differential mechanism 1.

The movement of the vehicle by inertia without braking by the drive motor (if necessary) is provided directly by volumetric pumps 6 or the introduction of non-return valves 17.

The automatic hydrostatic transformer works as follows.

When starting the drive motor and operating it in the idling mode, the carrier Z of the incomplete differential mechanism 1 is motionless. The centrifugal idle mechanism 9 limits the complete closure of each of the throttles 8 and the working fluid is pumped by the volumetric pump 6 through the partially open throttle 8, circulating in the reservoir 12. The area of the throttle gap 8 in stop mode is pre-adjusted.

An increase in the angular velocity of the central wheel 2 (corresponding to the shaft 5 of the volumetric pump 6) leads to an increase in the pressure of the working fluid, which creates a torque on the carrier and Z, the components of which are the torque of the hydrostatic clutch due to the braking of the satellites 4 and the reactive moment from the leakage from the throttles 8 jet 16. In the case of introduction of reactor 14 and turbine 15 wheels in the tank 12 and carrier Z, respectively, the jets 16 are re-directed to the carrier Z of the incomplete differential mechanism 17, which causes the formation of an additional dynamic reactive moment, primarily in the table mode.

When exiting the stop mode, the closing of the throttles 8 is regulated by the pressure of the working fluid, ensuring the moment transformation mode. When the driver C reaches a certain angular speed, the idle mechanism 9 does not limit the full closing of the throttles 8, which causes the dynamic clutch mode to be ensured if the resistance moment becomes less than the maximum torque of the drive motor (the full closing of the throttle at a certain pressure of the working fluid is pre-regulated).

To ensure the optimal thermal regime, the automatic hydrostatic transformer can be equipped, similarly to the prototype, with a heat exchanger hydraulically connected to the outlet and inlet channels of the working fluid, with the possibility of its circulation due to the energy of the flow of jets drawn from the throttles.

The change of revolutions in the direction is provided by a reverse transmission.

Thus, the introduction of a transmission based on an automatic hydrostatic transformer will allow to effectively ensure the intended operating modes of the drive with stepless transformation of the torque, to obtain significant fuel savings compared to stepped transmissions (due to automatic stepless adjustment) and a hydrodynamic transformer (due to the absence of slippage in the dynamic clutch mode) and simplify management. in 7 8 9 10 her in h. sh /. in 4 - m 1

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Claims (3)

1. Automatic hydrostatic transformer, including a hydrostatic coupling in the form of at least one non-regulated positive displacement pump with throttle regulation of the flow of the working fluid, at least one for each positive displacement pump rigidly connected to the body of the positive displacement pump and a throttle controlled by the pressure of the working fluid , centrifugal idle mechanism 1 tank, which is characterized by the fact that it is equipped with an incomplete differential mechanism with an input central wheel, an output carrier, at least one satellite, kinematically connected to the shaft of a positive displacement pump, the body of which is rigidly fixed to the carrier. 2. Automatic hydrostatic transformer according to item I, which differs in that the tank and carrier of the incomplete differential mechanism have reactor and turbine wheels, respectively. 3. Automatic hydrostatic transformer according to any one of claims 1, 2, which is characterized by the fact that it includes at least one non-return valve connected in parallel with the corresponding throttle.