UA82451C2 - Device for producing compacted cast-iron from reduced materials, which contain cast-iron obtained by direct reduction, and device for producing cast-iron melt using said device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing compacted irons of the reduced materials containing fine reduce irons and an apparatus for manufacturing molten irons provided with the same. The apparatus for manufacturing compacted irons according to the present invention includes a couple of rollers for compacting reduced materials containing fine reduced irons and manufacturing compacted irons, a guide chute for guiding compacted irons which are discharged from the couple of rollers; and crushers for crushing compacted irons which are guided into the guide chute. A guiding surface of the guide chute, which guides the compacted irons, includes a straight slanted surface and a curved slanted surface.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to a device for the production of compacted cast iron and a device for the production of molten iron 2, equipped with the above-mentioned device, in particular, a device for the production of compacted cast iron from reduced materials containing cast iron obtained by direct reduction, and a device for the production of molten iron using the above-mentioned device .

Ferrous metallurgy is a basic industry that supplies the basic materials needed for the design and production of cars, ships, household items, etc. This industry has been developing since the earliest times of 70 mankind. Metallurgical plants, which play a crucial role in ferrous metallurgy, produce steel from molten iron and supply it to consumers after obtaining this molten metal (ie, molten iron) from iron ores and coal as raw materials.

Currently, approximately 60,905 percent of the world's iron production is produced using blast furnaces, a method developed as far back as the 14th century. According to this method, coke made using iron 12 ore and bituminous coal, after passing through the sintering process, is fed into a blast furnace and oxygen is fed into the furnace to reduce the iron ore to iron, producing molten iron. The use of blast furnaces, which is practiced in most iron smelting plants, requires that the raw materials have at least a predetermined hardness and granule size that ensures proper ventilation in the furnace, taking into account the reaction characteristics. Therefore, coke obtained in the process of processing special raw coal is necessary as a source of carbon, which is used as a fuel and reducing agent. In addition, you need to have a source of iron, which is sintered iron ore obtained by sintering. Therefore, the modern blast furnace process requires equipment for preliminary processing of raw materials, for example, coking equipment and sintering equipment. In addition, it is necessary to have auxiliary equipment for the blast furnace and equipment to minimize environmental pollution. Significant investments to provide such equipment increase the cost of production. p 29 To solve these problems, considerable research has been carried out to develop a process of reducing Ge) smelting, which allows the production of molten iron, using raw coal as fuel and reducing agent and crushed iron ores, which account for more than 8095 of the world's ore production.

US patent 5534046) describes an installation for the production of molten iron with the direct use of raw coal and fine iron ore. The device for obtaining such a melt includes three-stage reactors with - 30 boiling fluidized bed and a melting gas generator. Small iron ore and additives at room temperature are loaded into the first fluidized bed reactor and passed through this three-stage fluidized bed reactor. As the hot reducing gas produced in the smelter in the gas generator is fed to this three-stage fluidized bed reactor, contact with this gas raises the temperature of the iron ore and additives. At the same time, 9095 or more iron ore and 35 additives are recovered, and 3095 or more are sintered and loaded into the smelter gas generator. co

The compacted coal bed in the melting gas generator is formed by loaded coal. Therefore, the iron ore and additives are melted and slaged in this compacted coal seam and then discharged as molten iron and slag. Oxygen supplied from nozzles mounted on the outer wall of the smelter gas generator combusts the compacted coal bed to produce a hot reducing gas, which is then fed to the fluidized bed reactor to recover the iron ore and additives and is vented to the outside. - c However, since a rapid flow of gas is formed in the upper part of the melting gas generator, which is part of the said device for the production of molten iron, there is a problem that the fine reduced iron and sintered additives loaded into the melting gas generator, washed out and loosened.

In addition, when the fine reduced ore and sintered additives are loaded into the smelter gas generator, there is a problem that reliable penetration of gas and liquid into the compacted coal bed of the smelter gas generator is not ensured. To solve these problems, the method of briquetting fine reduced iron and additives and loading them into the melting gas generator was used. Regarding this, in (US patent 5666638)| the method of making oval briquettes from porous ore and the device for implementing this method are described. In US patents sl 20 dO93455, 4076520 and 4033559) a method of manufacturing lamellar or corrugated briquettes from porous ore and a device for implementing this method are described. Here, small reclaimed iron is subjected to hot briquetting and then cooled, thus obtaining porous iron briquettes suitable for long-distance transportation.

When sponge iron briquettes are made by the methods mentioned above, problems arise which are discussed below.

Gee! First, the hot briquettes produced using the method mentioned above can be temporarily stored or loaded into the melting gas generator and melted there. In this case, the hot briquettes are transported to a temporary storage bunker or melting gas generator through a transport chute. Since the temperature of the hot briquettes is approximately 7002C, the transport chute experiences 60 thermal shocks. As a result, the transport chute undergoes thermal expansion and thermal contraction and therefore undergoes significant wear and deformation. In such cases, the transport chute is blocked due to distortion or damage. In particular, when hot briquettes are crushed and transported, there is a possibility of blocking the transport chute with crushed reclaimed iron.

To solve these problems, a transport chute made of stainless or heat-resistant, wear-resistant steel is used. Since the conveyor chute made of stainless steel has a high coefficient of thermal expansion, the conveyor chute is made sectioned with separating gaps to compensate for thermal expansion.

However, there are ongoing problems with the conveying chute not only being blocked by briquette accumulation in the gaps between the conveying sections of the chute, but also breaking due to thermal deformation. In addition, broken parts of the transport chute fall into the downstream device, disabling it. Moreover, the maintenance of the transport chute is complicated due to the accumulation of hot reduced iron in it.

Secondly, the briquettes made using the method mentioned above are not suitable for melting 7/0 in a melting gas generator. In general, the desired density of briquettes suitable for melting in a melting gas generator is from 3Z,Bt/m? up to 4.2t/m3. In particular, briquettes made from sponge iron using the method mentioned above are not suitable for use in a melting gas generator because their density is too high. In addition, when sponge iron briquettes are directly used in a smelter gas generator, they may not have a certain shape or strength sufficient to transport them over considerable distances. Consequently, when sponge iron briquettes made using the above-mentioned method are loaded into a smelter gas generator and produce molten iron, the cost of producing such molten iron increases due to excessive energy consumption.

In addition, when briquettes made of sponge iron with uncontrolled particle size are loaded into the melting gas generator, unmelted briquettes accumulate in front of the oxygen nozzle, blocking them. As a result, the flame directed from the front end of such a tuyere into a layer of compacted coal is reflected back to the tuyere, damaging it and impairing the operation of the melting gas generator.

Thirdly, it is difficult to uniformly transport briquettes made of sponge iron and crushed by a grinder. In this case, a guide chute is used to direct the formed reduced cast iron to the shredder. However, such briquettes are poorly unloaded and are unevenly fed into the crusher. When grinding the middle phase, particles are formed. The problem is also the thermal load of the shredder located behind the guide chute. at

The task of the invention is to solve the problems mentioned above and to create a device for the production of compacted cast iron, suitable for the production of a large amount of such cast iron.

In addition, the invention includes a device for the production of molten iron, equipped with a device for the production of compacted iron. The device for making compacted iron according to the invention includes a pair of rollers for compacting the reclaimed materials containing pulverized reclaimed iron and making the compacted iron; a guide chute for directing the compacted cast iron that came out of a pair of rollers; and 'And shredders for crushing the compacted cast iron directed into the guide chute. The guide surface of the guide chute, which guides the compacted cast iron, includes a straight bevel surface and a curved bevel with

Зз5 surface. co

It is desirable that the pair of rollers includes a fixed roller and a movable roller located opposite the fixed roller, and that the distance from the upper end of the guide surface to the center of the fixed roller is less than the sum of the radius of the fixed roller and half the average thickness of the compacted cast iron.

The desired distance from the upper end of the guide surface to the center of the fixed roller should not exceed the sum of the radius of the fixed roller and half the average thickness of the compacted cast iron. - It is desirable that the upper end part of the guide surface is closer to the fixed roller than to the movable roller. "» It is desirable that the upper end part of the guide surface is located in a position not higher than the height of the central axis of the fixed roller and not lower than the height of the surface of the lower end part of the fixed roller.

The upper part of the guiding surface can be made as a straight beveled surface, and the lower part of this surface - as a curved beveled surface connected to the straight beveled surface.

The preferred ratio of the height of the upper part of the guiding surface to the height of the lower part of the guiding surface is from 5.0 to 6.0.

Chi" The desired angle between the straight bevel surface and the vertical is from 62 to 89.

It is desirable that the angle between the straight chamfered surface and the vertical is essentially 79. and the desired radius of curvature of the curved chamfered surface is from 1700mm to 1900mm. - It is desirable that the radius of curvature of the curved beveled surface, in fact, was 1800mm.

It is desirable that the ratio of the height of the guide chute to the length of its base is from 1.0 to 2.0.

On the surface of each roller along the direction of its axis, continuous grooves can be formed, and in these grooves, separate protrusions can be made.

These protrusions can be made as notches and directed along the circumference of a pair of rollers. It is desirable that the thickness iF) of these protrusions decreases towards the center of the protrusion. It is desirable that the step between these protrusions is from 1 mm to 45 mm.

The shredders may include a first shredder for coarsely grinding the compacted cast iron, as produced by a pair of rollers, and a second shredder for regrinding the coarsely ground compacted cast iron.

Preferably, the first grinder grinds the compacted cast iron into particles with an average size of 0 to 5 Ω. More preferably, the first shredder grinds compacted cast iron into particles with an average size of

About to ZOmm. 65 It is desirable that the compacted iron ground in the second grinder includes from 0 to 3095 by weight of compacted iron with particles of size from 25mm to 30mm, from 5595 to 10095 (by weight) of compacted iron with particles of size from 5mm to 25mm, and from 0 to more than 1595 (by mass) of compacted cast iron with particles less than 5 mm in size.

The first shredder may include a set of shredding plates installed next to each other along the axis of the first shredder and working together; and annular spacers installed between the assemblies of these plates to control the gaps between these plates. The grinding plate can have protrusions separated from each other and have a set of protrusions located around the circumference of the grinding plate. Compacted cast iron can be coarsely ground by these protrusions during operation of a set of grinding plates.

The first chopper includes a circumferentially arranged solid body on which a set of separate protrusions is formed, and compacted cast iron is coarsely crushed by these protrusions during the operation of the first chopper.

The device for making compacted iron can, in addition, include a tipping storage hopper for temporary storage of crushed compacted iron. The first shredder and the second shredder can be connected to this storage hopper through a transport chute. The second shredder includes a pair of 7/5 shredding rollers mounted separately from each other and equipped with shredding discs; and the coarsely ground compacted cast iron can be reground by a set of blades formed around the circumference of the grinding discs by rotating the grinding rollers in mutually opposite directions.

One of the grinding rollers is fixed and the other is movable, and the gap between them can be changed in a controlled manner.

The blade includes a first chamfered surface directed in the direction of rotation of the grinding roller, a second chamfered surface directed in the opposite direction. Preferably, the first bevel angle between the first bevel surface and the circumference of the grinding roller exceeds the second bevel angle between the second bevel surface and the circumference of the grinding roller.

It is desirable that one or both bevel angles be from 802 to 9052. s

Preferably one or both bevel angles are between 402 and 5052.

The pair of grinding rollers includes a first grinding roller and a second grinding roller. at

Preferably, the first blades formed on the circumference of the first grinding roller are directed to the gaps of the second blades formed on the circumference of the second grinding roller.

It is desirable that the distance from the end part of the first blade to the surface of the second grinding roller, which faces the end part of the first blade, is from 1 mm to 20 mm. It is desirable that the end part of each blade be rounded and that the rounded surface formed on the end part of the first blade and the rounded surface formed on the end part of the second blade closest to the first blade face each other, so that the distance from the rounded of the surface formed on the upper end part of the first blade to the rounded surface formed on the upper end part of the second blade, closest to the first blade, was from

DOmm up to 15mm. with

The second shredder includes a pair of shredder rollers separated from each other. Coarsely ground compacted cast iron can be reground by blades formed on the circumferences of a pair of grinding rollers as the pair of rollers rotate in mutually opposite directions.

Desirably, the compacted iron manufacturing device further includes a conveying chute under the bottom of the compacted iron transport roller bed. It is desirable that this conveyor chute includes a set of linear chutes connected to each other, and that the size of one end opening of the linear chute is smaller than the size of the other end opening of this chute. "» The set of linear channels may include a first linear channel and a second linear channel. One end opening of the second linear channel may enter the other end opening of the first linear channel with an overlap.

It is desirable that the dimensions of the first and second linear gutters are the same.

Go! The second linear chute and the first linear chute may be repetitively arranged in a certain order along the direction of transport of recovered materials containing crushed recovered iron. where It is desirable that one end hole of the other first linear chute overlaps with the other end hole

Whose" opening of the second linear trough.

Each of the linear troughs may include a pair of side portions facing each other and a bottom portion connecting the pair of side portions together.

Kk Each of the linear gutters can be continuous.

At one end of the side parts forming one end opening of the linear chute, step parts may be formed that become lower in the direction of conveying the reduced materials containing the crushed reduced iron.

The transport chute may include a set of outer casings covering a set of linear (F. chute) and an outer cover fastened to each of the outer casings. The cover of the linear chute may be fixed to this chute.

It is desirable that the connecting parts for the cleaning stream M" were installed on the outer cover, because the set of these parts passed into the transport chute through the hole made in the cover of the linear chute.

It is desirable that the set of connecting parts for the cleaning stream Mo includes the first connecting part for the cleaning stream M" and the second connecting part for the cleaning stream Mo. It is desirable that this first connection part for the cleaning flow M 3 "beveled towards the lower part 65 of the transport chute, and the second connection part for the cleaning flow Mo was beveled towards the upper part of the transport chute.

A set of support channels can be fixed between the outer cover and the cover of the linear gutter.

It is desirable that the support channel is concave towards the lining of the linear gutter.

It is desirable that the outer cover is equipped with an inspection hole directed to the hole in the cover of the linear gutter.

A pair of staples may be attached to the side of the linear chute along the direction of transport of the reclaimed material containing the crushed reclaimed iron.

The pair of staples may include a first staple and a second staple, wherein the first staple and the second staple may be 7/0 sequentially attached along the conveying direction of the reclaimed materials containing crushed reclaimed iron.

Fixing parts can be formed in the outer casing and the bracket can be fixed on these fixing parts.

The set of fixing parts may include a first fixing part and a second part separated from the first 7/5 fixing part, and the first bracket may be connected to the first fixing part with a screw.

The second fixing part can be separated from the second bracket.

Two linear gutters can be installed in the outer casing. There may be thermal insulation material between the outer casing and linear gutters.

It is desirable that the difference between the width of one end opening of the linear gutter and the width of the other end opening of this gutter is from 10 cm to 25 cm.

It is desirable that the difference between the height of one end opening of a linear gutter and the height of the other end opening of this gutter is from 100 cm to 25 cm. Reclaimed materials containing crushed reclaimed iron also contain sintered additives.

The device for the production of molten iron according to the invention has the above-mentioned device for the production of compacted iron and a melting gas generator into which the compacted iron is loaded and melted. at

One or more coals selected from the group consisting of lumpy coal and coal briquettes can be loaded into the melting gas generator.

Other features and advantages of the invention are considered in detail in the description of typical embodiments with references to the drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the device for the production of compacted cast iron according to the first embodiment of the invention, "In

Fig. 2 - a schematic view of the roller installed in the device for the production of compacted cast iron Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a partial front view of a device for the production of compacted cast iron according to the first embodiment. EM of the 5th invention, co

Fig. 4 - front view of the guide chute installed in the device for the production of compacted cast iron with

fig,

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the first shredder installed in the device for the production of compacted cast iron from Fig. 1, "

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the second chopper installed in the device for the production of compacted cast iron according to the second embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the second chopper installed in the device for manufacturing compacted cast iron from Fig. 1,

Fig. 8 - cross-section along the MPI-MIII line in Fig. 7, installed in the device for the production of compacted cast iron

According to the second embodiment of the invention, Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the second mill installed in the device for the production of compacted iron according to the third embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the transport chute installed in the device for the production of their compacted iron from Fig. 1,

Fig. 11 - the state of removal of the outer coating from the transport chute from Fig. 10, 1 Fig. 12 - a combined perspective view of the linear chute and the cover of the linear chute shown in Fig. 11,

Fig. 13 - diagram of the process of dismantling the transport chute Fig. 10,

Fig. 14 - a schematic view of the device for the production of molten iron, equipped with a device for

Production of compacted cast iron according to the first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 15 - stress distribution in a ribbon-like plate according to Examples 1-3,

GF) Fig. 16 - stress distribution in the pocket plate according to Examples 4-6,

Ф Fig. 17 - stress distribution in a ribbon-like plate according to Example 7,

Fig. 18 - stress distribution in the pocket plate according to Example 8. Next, typical embodiments of the invention are considered with reference to drawings for a better understanding of the invention by a specialist. The invention can be implemented in various modifications and is not limited to the embodiments discussed here.

Embodiments of the invention, discussed below with reference to Fig.1-14, only illustrate the invention, not limiting it.

Fig. 1 contains a schematic representation of a device for the production of compacted cast iron according to embodiment 65 of the Invention.

The device 100 for producing compacted iron compacts the crushed cast iron obtained by direct reduction and grinds it to produce compacted iron. In particular, although the crushed reduced iron is only loaded into the device 11, this is shown to illustrate the invention and not to limit it. Therefore, compacted pig iron can be obtained by compacting and grinding reclaimed materials containing crushed reclaimed iron. Recovered materials containing ground reduced iron may also include additives for sintering the ground reduced iron.

The device 100 for making compacted iron includes a loading device 11, a pair of rollers 20, and a conveying chute 80. In addition, the device 100 for making compacted iron includes a level control device 13, an opening and a shut-off valve 15, a loading hopper 25, a guide chute 10, a first 70 shredder 30 and a second shredder 40. The loading device 11 controls the amount of reclaimed shredder 40. The loading device 11 monitors the amount of reclaimed materials containing crushed reclaimed iron and then feeds them to a pair of rollers 20. Since a significant amount of reclaimed materials containing crushed reclaimed iron can be processed reclaimed iron, large quantities of compacted iron can be produced continuously. Recovered materials containing crushed recovered iron can be produced by passing a mixture of iron ore and additives through fluidized bed reactors.

The reclaimed materials obtained in this way are fed into the loading device 11, which stores these reclaimed materials, containing crushed reclaimed iron, at a temperature not lower than 7009 and at a density of approximately 2t/m3. The reclaimed materials containing crushed reclaimed iron can be transported to the loading device 11 under high pressure, since the pressure at the discharge end of the fluidized bed reactor is about Zbar and the product flow is about 3000mW/d. It is possible to make compacted cast iron only from hot crushed reduced cast iron without additives. However, additions in the amount of 3-2095 (by weight) of the total amount are desirable, since the hot crushed reduced pig iron does not break down as easily in the melting gas generator.

The level control device 13 is located below the loading device 11 and monitors the level of the recovered C materials containing crushed reduced iron in the loading device 11. If the amount (5) of recovered materials containing crushed reduced iron reaches a predetermined level, the level monitoring device 13 blocks the transport of reduced materials containing ground reduced iron from fluidized bed reactors or controls the transport. In addition, there is an opening and a shut-off valve 15 under the loading device 11. An opening and a shut-off valve 15 with an opening, a closing plate 15a and a hydraulic activator 150 ensure the opening and closing of the lower end of the loading device 11, and the hydraulic activator 156 controls the opening and blocking board 15a.

The amount of recovered materials containing crushed recovered cast iron and loaded into the CH loading hopper 25 from the loading device 11 is controlled using an opening and a shut-off valve 15. cm

The loading hopper 25 is located above the gap formed between the rollers 20. The reclaimed materials containing crushed reclaimed iron are continuously loaded into this gap by the loading hopper 25, whereby a large amount of compacted iron can be continuously produced using the pair of rollers 20. "

A pair of rollers 20, including rollers 20a and 200, compacts the reclaimed materials containing crushed reclaimed iron and coming from the loading hopper 25. The first roller 20a and the second roller 20r - s rotate in opposite directions. As a result, the reclaimed materials containing the crushed and reclaimed iron are compacted, and the compacted iron can be produced continuously. In particular, the first roller 20a is stationary and the second roller 2065 can move to prevent their failure when a large amount of reclaimed materials containing crushed reclaimed iron is loaded into them.

For this, the axis of the second roller 2006 is held by a hydraulic cylinder and can be moved by it to the first (se) roller 20a in the horizontal direction. Due to this, when loading a large amount of reclaimed materials containing crushed reclaimed iron, the production of compacted iron remains continuous, since the second roller 2065 can be elastically moved relative to the first roller 20a.

When the rollers 20 work, the protrusions formed on the surface of the first roller 20a and the protrusions formed on the surface of the second roller 206 interact, ensuring continuous production of compacted cast iron. When compacted cast iron is produced using this method, the volume along the width of the roller increases and - productivity improves. The produced compacted iron is directed into the guide chute 10 and crushed in the first crusher 30. The guide chute 10 directs the compacted iron produced by the pair of rollers 20 into the first crusher 30 in an unbroken state. The guide surface of the guide chute 10 includes a straight beveled surface and a curved beveled surface.

Fig. 1 illustrates two shredders, that is, the first shredder ZO and the second shredder 40. Although in Fig. 1

F, two shredders are shown, this is only illustrative of the invention, not limiting it, and it does not preclude the use of more than one shredder. Shredders Z0 and 40 grind compacted cast iron coming from a pair of rollers 20.

The second shredder 40 is connected to the first shredder 30 by a transport chute 80. 60 The first shredder 30 coarsely grinds compacted cast iron, which has particles no larger than 5 Ωm, and therefore does not experience overloading. Coarsely crushed compacted cast iron is transported to the tipping hopper

Storage 90 or to the second shredder 40 through the transport chute 80. When the melting gas generator is not working normally, the compacted iron is transported to the tipping storage hopper 90 through the transport chute 80 because the compacted iron cannot be loaded into the melting gas generator 65. The storage hopper 90 temporarily stores crushed compacted pig iron. When the melting gas generator is operating normally, the first shredder 30 transfers the compacted pig iron to the second shredder

40 through the transport chute 80. A second crusher 40 regrinds the compacted iron with a pair of grinding rollers, providing a controlled particle size distribution of the compacted iron.

The compacted pig iron, reground in the second crusher 40, is transported to the storage hopper 90 or to the smelter gas generator through the transport chute 80. A discharge damper (not shown in

Fig.1), installed under the first chopper 30 and the second chopper 40, determines the direction of transportation of compacted iron depending on the operating conditions. The structure of such a damper is well known and therefore not considered. The transport chute 80 transports the compacted iron from the pairs of rollers 20. This chute 20 is a split chute, and several chute are connected in a certain order by links and screws. This 7/0 facilitates the maintenance of the transport chute 80.

The first chopper ZO or the second chopper 40 in the upper part is connected to the tipping storage hopper 90 or the melting gas generator in the lower part through the transport chute 80, which is installed in the upper direction and the lower direction for transporting the compacted iron, and is fixed on the spring bracket. The transport chute 80 can be installed at an angle of up to /5 Vertical.

Fig. 2 is enlarged and shows in detail the first roller 20a (Fig. 1).

Although not shown in Fig.2, the surface of the second roller 2065 may be similar in shape to the surface of the first roller 20a. As a result, the shape of the surface of the first roller 20a, which is discussed below, may be characteristic not only of the first roller 20a, but also of the second roller 2065.

Concave continuous grooves 201 are made along the axial direction of the first roller 20a (Fig. 2), on which a set of protrusions 202 separated from each other are formed.

Using a forming roller with concave grooves 201, it is possible to produce corrugated compacted cast iron, on the surface of which grooves 202 will be formed, which in the future facilitate the grinding of such corrugated compacted cast iron. As a result, it is possible to improve grinding and minimize the ratio of c particles in compacted cast iron.

As shown in the circle in Fig.2, it is desirable that the protrusions 202 have the shape of notches and are directed outwardly towards (8) the first roller 20a. Since the protrusions 202 are in the form of notches, they press to form grooves on the surface of the ground reduced cast iron. This makes it easier to grind the compacted cast iron in the first grinder. It is desirable that the thickness of the protrusions 202 decreases towards the center 2021 of these protrusions to increase the grinding action in the subsequent process. As a result, the thickness of the extreme part of the protrusions 202 is greater than in the center 2021. Accordingly, when the protrusions 202 are directed to the compacted cast iron, they can io) be held more rigidly, which facilitates the formation of grooves. "IN

It is desirable that the gap between adjacent protrusions 202 on the concave grooves 201 is from 1 mm to 45 mm.

If this gap is less than 1bmm, the density of the compacted iron during transportation after compaction c will be insufficient, and this will reduce the yield. If this gap exceeds 45mm, the first shredder and the second co-shredder are overloaded. As a result, the effect of crushing compacted cast iron will be trivial.

Corrugated compacted iron produced using the described method is continuously fed to the first shredder, and this allows to obtain compacted iron of the desired size. "

Fig. 3 contains an enlarged image of a pair of rollers 20a and 206, a guide chute 10 and the first chopper 30 with c in the device 100 for the production of compacted cast iron (Fig. 1). Compacted cast iron B leaves the pair of rollers 20a and 200 and is directed to the first crusher 30 by the guide chute 10. The upper end part 10a from the guide chute 10 is located at the end of the guide surface 12 closer to the first roller 20a of the pair of rollers 20a and 206. The second roller 206 moves depending from the amount of crushed reduced iron, which

It reaches the gap in the pair of rollers 20a and 205. As a result, when the upper end part 10a of the guide chute 10 is located adjacent to the second roller 206, the guide chute 10 and the second roller 206 can come into contact with each other when the second roller 206 moves, and the device 100 for making compacted pig iron 100 may be disabled. As a result, the upper end part 10a is located closer to its first roller 20a than to the second roller 200. Since the position of the first roller 20a does not change, this arrangement of the equipment is more stable. Due to this, continuous stable 1 production of compacted iron B in the device 100 for producing compacted iron is possible. ha In addition, it is desirable that the upper end part 10a is located not higher than the central axis 20c of the first roller 20a and not lower than the surface of the lowest part 204 of the first roller 20a. According to this method, the guide chute 10 is adjacent to the surface of the first roller 20a. Due to this, failure of the device 100 for the production of compacted iron is averted, when the compacted iron B is wound on the first roller 20a with sticking to its surface.

GF) The position of the guide chute 10, which prevents sticking of compacted cast iron B on the surface of the fixed

Ф of video 20а, is considered in more detail below.

The first imaginary line 40a (Fig. 3) corresponds to the distance from the center 20c of the first roller 20a to the sum of the radius g of the first roller 20a and half U2 of the average thickness of compacted cast iron B. Distance 4 means the distance from the upper end part 10a of the guide surface 12 of the guide chute 10 to center 20c of the first roller 20a.

It is desirable that the distance a was not less than the sum of the radius g of the first roller 10a and half //2 of the average thickness of compacted cast iron B, that is, it is desirable that the upper end part 10a of the guide chute 10 was located on the first imaginary line 4A0a or behind it. As shown in the circle in Fig. 3, the average thickness of the compacted cast iron B 65 corresponds to the distance between the protruding parts that cross each other on the part of the compacted cast iron B.

As mentioned, the upper end part 10a of the guide chute 10 is located adjacent to the first roller

20a, and the distance between the first roller 20a and the upper end part 10a is about half /2 of the average thickness of the compacted cast iron B. This makes it possible to avoid the sticking of the compacted cast iron B on the surface of the first roller 20a and lifting when the first roller 20a rotates. The compacted cast iron B stuck on the surface of the first roller 20a cannot be lifted and is therefore captured by the guide chute 10 and directed to the chopper 30. When the guide chute 10 is in the above-mentioned position, the stickiness of the compacted cast iron B on the first roller 20a is reversed. As a result, there is no need to lubricate the first roller 20a or to install a scraper to prevent compacted cast iron B from sticking to the surface of the first roller 20a. 70 The second imaginary line 405 (Fig. 3) corresponds to the distance from the center 20c of the first roller 20a to the sum of the radius g of the first roller 20a and the average thickness y of compacted cast iron B. It is desirable that the distance 4 does not exceed the sum of the radius g of the first roller 20a4a and the average thickness y compacted cast iron B, that is, so that the upper end part 10a of the guide chute 10 is located on the second imaginary line 405 or inside it. As a result, the compacted cast iron B falls from the first roller 20a through the guide chute 10 and is directed to the guide chute 10 even 7/5 When the compacted cast iron B is wound onto the first roller 20a. This enables continuous production of compacted cast iron B.

As already noted, the arrangement of the guide chute 10 diverts the coiling of the compacted iron B on the pair of rollers 20a and 2050. In addition, it allows the compacted iron B to be uniformly fed to the shredder 30 and crushed.

Fig. A4 contains an enlarged image of the guide chute 10 (Fig. 1), which can be made of materials such as stainless steel and the like.

The guide chute 10 has a guide surface 12 that guides the compacted cast iron B and includes a straight beveled surface 12a and a curved beveled surface 120. Although the upper part of the guide surface 12 of the guide chute 10 is made as a straight beveled surface 12a, and the lower part of the guide surface 12c is made as the curved chamfered surface 120, it is only an illustration of the invention in not limiting it. The guide surface 12 of the guide chute 10 can be made differently. (8)

Compacted cast iron B passes evenly into the guide chute 10 at a constant speed due to the straight beveled surface 12a. As a result, compacted cast iron B steadily and continuously enters the grinder 30. In addition, the speed of compacted cast iron B falling from above and entering the grinder 30 is reduced to some extent due to the curvature of the beveled surface 120. Due to this, the time for grinding compacted iron is minimized cast iron and compacted cast iron, crushed into plates is discharged continuously. what,

When compacted iron is crushed using the method mentioned above, it allows for the absorption of shocks caused by uncrushed compacted iron. Thus, since the compacted iron is discharged continuously, the crushed particles cannot be discharged when the compacted iron is broken. SM

Accordingly, the heat load on the unit decreases and its condition stabilizes. It is desirable that the ratio of the height pi of the upper part 12a of the guiding surface to the height of the lower part 126 of the guiding surface was from 5.0 to 6.0. The ratio of Pp 4 to Po is maintained within the limits mentioned above, due to which the speed of compacted iron entering the guide chute 10 is properly maintained. In addition, the compacted iron is fed to the crusher and the finely ground compacted iron is discharged continuously. "

The bevel angle c is the angle between the straight beveled surface 12a of the guide chute 10 and the vertical. It is desirable that with c this angle lies within the range from be to 82. Compacted iron can continuously enter the grinder at a constant speed if the bevel angle lies within the range from be to 892. In particular, if this angle is essentially 79 , "» the compacted cast iron enters at the most constant rate. Here the term "is essentially 72" means that this angle is equal to 72 or is close to 72. If the angle o, the bevel is less than 6-2, the stress for the bent bevel increases surface 1206, although the internal stress of the compacted cast iron is reduced when they are in the compression state. Also, if the angle o exceeds 82, the compacted cast iron breaks under the action of the applied t high stresses when the compacted cast iron exits the rollers. As a result, continuous loading becomes impossible of compacted cast iron into the grinder. d" It is desirable that the radius of curvature of the curved beveled surface 126 is from 1700 mm to 1900 mm. If the radius c 20 of the curvature of the curved beveled surface 125 lies in the range from 1700 mm to 1900 mm, compacted cast iron can be continuously loaded into the shredder without breaking. In particular, when the radius of curvature of the curved and beveled surface 125 is essentially 1800mm, compacted cast iron can be continuously and reliably loaded into the shredder without breaking.

If the radius of curvature of the curved beveled surface 125 is less than 17000mm, then since the curved 22 beveled surface 125 will be strongly bent, the compacted cast iron loaded into the chopper will be subjected to significant stresses. As a result, the middle part of the compacted cast iron breaks. If the radius of curvature of the curved bevel surface 1205 exceeds 1900 mm, the slope of the curved bevel surface 125 becomes too small and approaches a straight line. As a result, the speed of transportation of compacted iron in the process of loading into the shredder increases and generates a large load on the shredder. 60 It is desirable that the ratio of the height p of the guide chute 10 to the length of the base of the guide chute 10 is from 1.0 to 2.0. This ratio provides the possibility of its convenient location in the middle between a pair of rollers and a shredder. In addition, the compacted cast iron entering the guide chute 10 from above can be uniformly and continuously fed to the shredder.

The use of a guide chute of this design enables the continuous supply of compacted iron to the crusher and the absorption of shocks created by uncrushed compacted iron from the crusher. Thanks to this, the compacted cast iron is continuously discharged from the guide chute 10 and does not contain crushed shapeless particles, which are formed when it is broken during discharge from the guide chute 10. This allows to stabilize the thermal load on equipment such as a shredder.

Fig.5 contains an enlarged view of the first shredder 30 from Fig.1, which includes a set of grinding plates 32 and annular spacers 38 between them. A set of protrusions 32a is formed along the circumference of the grinding plate 32. Grinding plates 32 are installed next to each other along the same axis and work together.

An annular gasket 38 defines the gap between the grinding plates 32. The axis of rotation 34 of the grinding plate 32 (Fig. 5) is connected to the drive means and therefore the grinding plates 32 can rotate together. Compacted cast iron undergoes rough grinding by a set of protrusions 32a during the operation of 70 grinding plates 32.

A support 36 is installed under the first grinder 30 for grinding. Compacted cast iron B is directed to the support 36 and supported by it. Compacted cast iron B is subjected to rough grinding by the impacts of the protrusions 32a of the grinding plate 32 under the action of inertial forces when rotating in the direction shown by the arrow.

Fig. 6 illustrates another first chopper 35 in a device for producing compacted cast iron according to the second /5 Embodiment of the invention. The first chopper 35 has an integrated body. Since this first chopper 35 is similar to the first chopper in the device for producing compacted iron according to the first embodiment of the invention (Fig.5) and the corresponding elements have the same designations, a detailed description is unnecessary.

As shown in Fig. b, a set of protrusions 32a, separated from each other, are formed on the circumference of the first grinder 35, which coarsely grinds the compacted cast iron B during the operation of the first grinder 35.

Since the first shredder 35 has an integrated body, it is easy to repair and maintain and suffers less damage during the grinding process.

Fig. 7 illustrates the second shredder 40 of Fig. 1, which includes a pair of shredding rollers 40a and 406, installed separately from each other.

A pair of grinding rollers 40a and 405 includes a set of grinding discs 43 and 44 installed in the direction of the Y axis, respectively, around which a set of blades 41 and 42 are formed, respectively. After installing the grinding discs 43 and 44 on each of the axes 45 and 46, they are connected with the introduced tightening bolts (o) 48. After connecting the drive means, for example, a hydraulic motor, the axes 45 and 46 pairs of grinding rollers 40a and 406 rotate in a mutually in opposite directions. This provides uniform reliable gas permeability in the melting gas generator, as the coarsely ground compacted iron that is loaded from the top can be reground to the desired particle size.

Blades 41 and 42 have a shape that provides more efficient grinding in the second grinder 40. In the circle on io)

Fig. 7 shows a view of the blade 42 of the right grinding roller 405 in the direction of the Y axis, and the arrow shows the direction of rotation of the grinding roller 400. The blade 41, installed on the left grinding roller 40a, is located symmetrically to the blade 42 of the right grinding roller 4065 in the left and right directions , ЕМ z5 Thanks to which effective grinding is ensured. co

In the circle in Fig. 7, it is shown that the blade 42 has a first beveled surface 421 and a second beveled surface 422. The first beveled surface 421 is directed in the direction of rotation of the right grinding roller 40B, and the second beveled surface 422 is directed opposite to the direction of rotation of this roller 406. The first the bevel angle o is greater than the second bevel angle ai. The first bevel angle o4 is formed by the first beveled surface 421 and the circumference of the right grinding roller 405, and the second bevel angle with the second beveled surface 422 and with the circumference of the right grinding roller 405. Since compacted cast iron is crushed through direct contact of the first beveled surface 421 with the compacted ," cast iron, the first bevel angle corresponds to a steep bevel, namely near the right corner. This ensures effective grinding of compacted cast iron. It is desirable that the first bevel angle o, lies in the range from 802 to 902,

If the first bevel angle is less than 80: or greater than 902, grinding of compacted cast iron is impaired. o It is desirable that the second bevel angle d5 be gentle in order to support the blade 42 in the grinding process and thereby minimize the shocks experienced by the blade 42 when it grinds compacted cast iron. As a result, the life of the grinding roller 405 can be extended. It is desirable that the second bevel angle oo is from 409 g" to 502. If the second bevel angle o" is smaller than 402, this makes it possible to manufacture the grinding roller 405, c 20 because the width of the blade 42 is increased . If the second bevel angle du exceeds 502, the supporting action of the blade 42 becomes trivial. "and Fig. 8 contains a cross-section along the MPI-MII line of Fig. 7 and shows the structure of the second shredder in cross-section.

In a pair of grinding rollers 40a and 405 (Fig. 8), one of them is fixed, and the other is movable. The movable roller can be shifted in the horizontal direction because both ends of the movable roller are supported by a damping device 99 (not shown). As a result, the gap with grinding rollers 40a and 405 is possible

GF! controlled change depending on the amount of compacted cast iron loaded in them. In addition, if a pair of grinding rollers 40a and 406 rotates a hydraulic motor, the speed of their rotation is determined by the amount of oil supplied to this motor and ensures the production of compacted iron with a proper particle size distribution. Therefore, the gap between the grinding rollers 40a and 406 is controllably changed according to the amount of compacted iron 60 loaded from above, and this allows flexible control of the work process.

Regarding the pair of rollers 40a and 405 (Fig. 8), it is desirable that the set of first blades 41 is oriented in the gaps between the second blades 42. It is desirable that the distance 44 from the end part of the first blade 41 to the surface of the second grinding roller 40B oriented on the end part of the first blade 41, was from 10 mm to 20 mm.

If the distance 44 is less than 1 Ω, the blades 41 and 42 come into contact with each other and may be damaged, 62 because the grinding rollers 40a and 405 are too close. If the distance di exceeds 20 mm, the compacted cast iron is not crushed satisfactorily according to its thickness. Since each of the gaps between the first blades 41 is the same as each of the gaps between the second blades 42, the second blade 42 faces the gap between the first blades 41. Therefore, it is desirable that the distance from the end portion of the second blade 42 to the surface of the first grinding roller 40a, oriented on the end part of the second blade 42, was from 1 Ohm to 20 mm.

The particle size distribution of crushed compacted cast iron can be controlled by turning each of the blades 41 and 42.

The circle in Fig. 8 illustrates the view of crushed compacted cast iron between the blades 41 and 42 of the second shredder 40.

Here, the end portions 411 and 421 of each of the blades 41 and 42 are rounded. As a result, compacted cast iron, loaded from above, can be crushed and well unloaded downwards. In particular, the rounded surface 411 on the end part of the first blade 41 and the rounded surface 432 on the end part of the second blade 42 closest to the rounded surface 411 face each other. As a result, the crushed compacted cast iron more evenly exits the gap between the rounded surfaces 411 and 421. It is desirable that the distance between the rounded surfaces 411 and 421 is from 10mm to 15mm. If this distance is less than 1 Ohm, compacted cast iron loaded from above will not discharge well. If the distance between the rounded surfaces 411 and 421 exceeds 15 mm, uncrushed compacted cast iron is discharged.

The circle in Fig. 8 shows that compacted cast iron B with a particle size of 20mm to 30mm can pass between both rounded surfaces 411 and 421, and compacted cast iron B" with a particle size of 1mm to 20mm can pass through the gaps between the first blade 41 and the second blade 42. In addition, compacted cast iron Vz with a particle size of less than 5 mm can pass between the first blades 41 and between the second blades 42, when the above-mentioned compacted cast iron VI and B2 are crushed. As a result, compacted cast iron with a suitable particle size distribution is produced and fed to the melting gas generator, and gas permeability in the melting gas generator is optimized.

Fig. 9 illustrates another second shredder 60 in a device for producing compacted iron according to the third embodiment of the invention. Since the second shredder 60 (Fig. 9) is similar to the second shredder in the compacted iron manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment and the corresponding elements have the same designations, a detailed description is unnecessary. The second shredder 60 has a pair of grinding rollers 40a and 4060, not divided into discs, which include integral bodies 47 and 49. Since a set of blades 41 and 42 are located on the circumferences of the pair of grinding rollers 40a and 40p, the coarsely ground compacted iron is re-grinded by the working steam -- from grinding rollers 40a and 4065 rotating in opposite directions. Since the second shredder 60 has an integrated body, it is easier to repair and maintain, and it suffers less damage during operation. what,

Fig. 10 contains an enlarged view of the transport chute 80 of Fig. 1. The circle in Fig. 10 shows the inspection hole 881 in the outer cover 88.

The transport chute 80 (Fig. 10) includes a set of outer casings 89 and a set of outer EMs with 5 covers 88. In addition, it may have a compensator, a sampler, a sliding gate, a common chute, etc., if necessary. The outer coverings 88 are fixed accordingly to the outer casings 89 with screws. Both ends of the outer casings 89 and the outer cover 88 are provided with flanges, and these units can be fastened together at a long distance, and the transport chute 80 can be firmly fixed. Outer casings may contain linear gutters. Outer casings 89 allow separation of linear gutters 82 for repair. The linear troughs 82 can be rigidly fixed. with c Outer covers 88 are made curved to give their sections a trapezoidal shape. This allows for the outflow of recovered materials containing crushed recovered iron, which are transported by the transport chute 80. The inspection hole 881 and the assembly of connecting parts 881 and 883 for the cleaning stream M" can be installed on the outer cover 88. The inspection hole 881 looks on the hole 8241 in the cover 824 of the linear chute. This makes it possible to check the condition of the reclaimed materials, including crushed reclaimed iron, inside the linear chute 82 through the inspection hole 881. In particular, it allows to avert failure in advance, since the wear condition of the linear chute 82 can be observed. Because the inspection hole 881 is equipped with a handle 8811 and hinge 8813, this opening can be easily opened and closed. Since inspection hole 881 is firmly attached by wing bolt 8815, reclaimed materials containing crushed reclaimed iron cannot be dispersed to the outside. 1 Connecting parts 881 and 883 for cleaning stream M 2" are attached to the outer cover. When the transport chute 80 is blocked, the cleaning Mo passes through the connection parts 881 and 883 and enters the transport chute 80. The connection parts 881 and 883 for the cleaning flow M 2 include the first connection part 881 for the cleaning flow M" and the second connecting part 883 for the Purification flow Mo. The first connecting part 881 is installed beveled towards the lower part of the transport chute 80, and the second connecting part 883 - beveled towards the upper part

HF) of the transport chute 80. Accordingly, cleaning M" is uniformly carried out in the upper and lower t directions of the transport chute 80.

Fig. 11 illustrates the removal of the outer coating 88 from the transport chute 80 shown in Fig. 10. 6o Two linear channels 821 and 823 are installed in one outer casing 89. Linear channels 821 and 823 are connected to each other. Since the two linear troughs 821 and 823 are connected respectively to one outer casing 89, it simplifies the overall construction.

The linear troughs 821 and 823 include a first linear trough 821 and a second linear trough 823. Since the size of the first linear trough 821 is the same as the size of the second linear trough 823, a large number of linear troughs can be manufactured and used. The second linear chute 823 and the first linear chute 821 together are repeatedly and repeatedly installed along the transport direction of the reclaimed materials containing crushed reclaimed iron (shown by an arrow). The shape and structure of the connections of the linear channels 821 and 823 are considered in Fig.12.

Covers 822 and 824 of the linear gutters are attached, respectively, to the linear gutters 821 and 823. Covers 822 and 824 of the linear gutters 821 and 823, by closing them, deflect the penetration of dust and heat. In addition, linear chute liners 822 and 824 can deflect the flow of reclaimed materials containing crushed reclaimed iron passing through linear chute 821 and 823 from transport chute 80. Linear chute liners 822 and 824 include a first linear chute liner 822 and a second linear liner liner 824 gutter

An opening 8241 in the second cover 824 of the linear chute is directed into the run of the inspection hole 881. In addition, in each connecting part for the cleaning stream Mo, other holes 8811 and 8831 are made to introduce them into the transport chute 80. The opening 8811 corresponds to the connecting part 881 for cleaning flow of Me", and opening 8831 - connecting part 883. This ensures effective cleaning of Mo in the transport chute 80.

The cavity between the outer jacket 89 and the linear channels 821 and 823 is filled with a filler 87 to prevent heat loss in the transport chute 80. Although the filler 87 is shown to partially fill 7/5 of the cavity, this is only for convenience and the filler may completely fill the cavity between the outer casing 89 and linear chutes 821 and 823.

A pair of staples 8234 and 8236 are attached to the side parts of the second linear chute 823 side by side along the direction of transportation of recovered materials containing crushed recovered iron. This pair of staples 8234 and 8236 is fixed in a set of fixing parts 891 and 893 installed in the outer casing 89. These fixing parts 891 and 893 deflect the lowering of the second linear chute 823 and strengthen the transport chute 80. The first linear chute 821 is similar to the one described above.

The pair of staples 8234 and 8236 includes a first staple 8234 and a second staple 8236 fixed in this order from top to bottom along the conveying direction of the reclaimed materials containing crushed reclaimed iron.

Since the second linear trough 823 is fixed by a pair of staples 8234 and 8236, it allows to fix both the upper and lower db | the lower part of this chute 823. Therefore, the second linear chute 823 is securely fixed.

The set of fixing parts 891 and 893 includes the first fixing part 891 and the second fixing part 893. (8)

The first fixing part 891 is separated from the second fixing part 893. Since the first bracket 8234 is connected to the first fixing part 891 with screws, the outer casing 89 firmly fixes the second linear groove 823. The second fixing part 893 is rigidly separated from the second bracket 8236, as shown in circles in Fig. 11. -- zo As shown in the circle in Fig. 11, the second fixing part 893 is rigidly separated from the second bracket 8236. During the operation of the device for making compacted iron, heat acts on the second linear chute 823, which is directly in contact with the hot reduced materials, which contain crushed reduced iron, "U as these materials are transported through the transport chute 80. As a result, the second linear chute 823 undergoes thermal expansion in the direction shown by the arrow. As shown in the right circle in Fig.11, the second CM clamp 8236 comes into contact with the second fixing part 893 when the second linear groove 823 undergoes thermal expansion. When the heat is not applied, the transport chute 80 is not damaged by thermal deformation because the second fixing part 893 does not contact the second bracket 8236 and is fixed.

The interval a in the left circle in Fig. 11 is determined from the conditions of relative thermal expansion of the second linear trough 823, the length of this trough 823 and the temperature rise of the AT. If the relative thermal expansion « of the second linear chute 823 is denoted by s, the length of the second linear chute 823 is И, and the temperature rise is AT, then 2 s and athokhIxAT (formula 1) and?

Therefore, the interval a is determined by formula 1.

Fig. 12 contains a cover 822 of the first linear trough, connected to the first linear trough 821 (Fig. 11). o Here, the section of the first linear trough 821 is almost in the shape of the letter "OO". The first linear groove 821 can be made in the shape shown in Fig.12 by bending the stainless steel plate, and this groove 821 can also be formed as a single unit. Since there is no connecting part inside, the recovered materials containing crushed recovered iron can be uniformly transported through the first linear chute 821. The first linear chute 821 includes a pair of side parts 8211 and a bottom part bonded thereto. Side 1 parts of pair 821 face each other. A pair of brackets 8214 and 8216 are also attached to the side parts 8211 for fixing the first linear channel 821.

A set of support channels 826 may be secured to the cover 822 of the first linear gutter.

Channels 826 are fixed between the outer cover 88 and the cover 822 of the first linear trough. Support channel 826 protects against overheating and prevents deformation of the transport chute from thermal expansion. The circle in Fig. 12 shows a section along the line XII-XII of Fig. 12. Here the supporting channel 826 can

GF) to support the cover 822 of the first linear chute and prevent damage to the transport chute t by thermal expansion, since it has a shape concave towards the cover 822 of the first linear chute. The first linear chute 821 narrows in the direction of transport of recovered materials containing crushed 60 recovered cast iron, shown by an arrow. At both ends of the first linear groove 821, holes 8215 and 8217 are formed, which include one end hole 8215 and a second end hole 8217. Since the first linear groove 821 is narrowed, the end hole 8215 is smaller than the end hole 8217. Since the first linear groove 821 has structure, the reclaimed materials containing crushed reclaimed iron do not flow out and can be transported uniformly in the direction shown by the arrow. 65 In particular, the width MU of the end hole 8215 is smaller than the width M/o of the end hole 8217, and the height Нp/ of the end hole 8215 is smaller than the height Po of the end hole 8217. For reasons of thermal expansion of the first linear groove 821, it is desirable that the difference between the width MU . of the end hole 8215 and the width of the MU of the end hole 8217 was from 10 cm to 25 cm. If the difference in these widths is less than 10cm, reclaimed materials containing crushed reclaimed iron may leak out during transport. If this difference exceeds 25cm, the transportation of reclaimed materials containing crushed reclaimed iron will not be uniform, and it will make it difficult to construct the first linear chute 821, the end hole 8215 will be too small. In particular, it is best when the width difference is 20cm, because then reclaimed materials containing crushed reclaimed iron can be transported evenly. For the same reason, it is desirable that the difference between the height of Pp. of the end hole 8215 and the height of the PP" of the end hole 8217 was from 10 cm to 25 cm. 70 Since the set of linear chutes consists of continuously connected chutes of the same shape, a transport chute 80 (Fig. 11) can be made. Here, the first linear chute and the second linear chute are connected continuously, and the opening of the second linear chute overlaps with the other end opening of the first linear chute. Such a connecting conjunction is repeated. Thanks to this, several linear gutters of the same shape can be continuously connected. This process is considered on the example of Fig. 13.

Fig. 13 schematically illustrates the process of dismantling the transport chute 80. Here it is shown that pairs of linear chute 821 and 8323 are assembled in each of the two outer casings. In addition, Fig. 13 shows the removal of the outer coating 88 from the transport chute 80.

The process of removing the first linear chute 821 from the transport chute 80 follows the following procedure. Starting from the upper end, the transport chute 80 is removed. The outer coating is removed from the transport chute 80. As a result (Fig. 13), the inner part of the transport chute 80 becomes open from the outside.

After that, bolt 8911 is removed in process (1). Although only one bolt 8911 is shown in Fig. 13, in practice several bolts may be used for each mounting hole on the bracket 891. In this way, the first linear groove 821 and the second linear groove 823 are separated from the outer casing 89.

Next, space is created to remove the first linear groove 821, for which the second linear groove 823 is pushed out in the direction shown by the arrow in process (2). Preferably, the second linear trough 823 is (8) biased by approximately 5Osm.

The first linear chute 821 is pushed in the direction shown by the arrow in process (3). The first linear chute 821 can be separated from the second linear chute 823, located at its front end - with a push of about 20 cm.

The first linear chute 821 is raised - process (4). As a result, the first linear chute 821 can be easily separated from the transport chute 80. Since the first linear chute 821 is removed, the second linear chute 823 located in the last part can be easily removed.

Therefore, the second linear chute 823 can be raised and separated from the transport chute 80y. C z5 process (5). Using the same method, the next first linear groove 821 and the next second linear groove 823 can be removed.

The described method allows you to easily and quickly disassemble the transport chute 80. Thanks to this, the maintenance and repair of the transport chute 80 is facilitated. The assembly of the transport chute 80 can be carried out by the same operations in reverse order. "

To facilitate the separation of the linear channels 821 and 823, a stepped portion 829 is formed in the first linear channel 821 and the second linear channel 823. For example, in the first linear channel 821, the stepped portion 829 is formed at one end of a pair of side portions 8211 that form one end hole 8215 .z The stepped portion 829 becomes lower and lower in the direction of transport of reduced materials containing crushed reduced iron shown by the arrow.

The presence of a stepped part 829 in the linear grooves 821 and 823 facilitates the introduction of one of the linear oo grooves 821 and 823 into the other. As a result, linear gutters 821 and 823 can be installed by repeating the connection and installation procedure. Since the linear channels 821 and 823 are inserted into each other with an overlap, they form a telescopic connection. This method of assembly of linear chutes ensures their uniform transportation of reclaimed materials containing crushed reclaimed iron through linear chutes.

Fig. 14 illustrates a device 200 for the production of molten iron, equipped with a device 100 for 1 production of compacted iron according to the first embodiment of the invention. Although the device 200 for making still molten iron is equipped with the device 100 for making compacted iron according to the first embodiment of the invention (Fig. 1), this only illustrates the invention without limiting it. The device 200 for making molten iron can be equipped with a device for making compacted iron according to the second or third embodiments 5 of the invention.

The device 200 for the production of molten iron (Fig. 14) includes the device 100 for the production of compacted

GF) cast iron and melting gas generator 70. Compacted cast iron, crushed in the device 100 for manufacturing

F compacted cast iron, loaded into the melting gas generator 70 and melted in it. Since the design of the melting gas generator 70 is well known to specialists, a detailed description is unnecessary. One or more coals, selected from the group consisting of lumpy coals and coal briquettes, are fed to the melting gas generator 70.

In general, lumpy coals have particles larger than mm and are collected at the mining site. Coal briquettes are made from coal (from the place of extraction) with particles of mm or less by grinding and pressing.

In the melting gas generator 70, a layer of compacted coal is created by loading lumpy coal or 65 coal briquettes. Oxygen is supplied to the melting gas generator 70 and compacted cast iron is melted. Cast iron melt is discharged through the discharge hole. This makes it possible to produce high-quality molten iron.

Since the compacted iron making apparatus has the above-described structure, it can convert a large amount of recovered materials containing crushed reduced iron into compacted iron, and therefore the molten iron making apparatus, which according to the invention includes the above-mentioned compacted iron making apparatus, can produce high quality cast iron.

The following are examples of the use of the invention, which illustrate the invention without limiting it.

Examples of experiments

Modeling was performed by analyzing the shape of a guide chute suitable for guiding compacted cast iron. The software package I-OEAZ was used for the analysis of structures. At 7/0, the shape of a plate 1300mm long and 94mm wide was modeled and the surface finish was modeled to evaluate a shape similar to that of compacted cast iron. The plates had the form of a ribbon or pocket type. The plate was subjected to deformation by an external action, fixing the upper discharge point and the lower one to the grinding point, that is, although the guide chute was not actually used, the plate was modeled by bending with the applied deformation to give it the shape it would have when passing /5 through the guide chute. Since the other simulation conditions are known, they are well understood by those skilled in the art, and therefore further description is unnecessary.

Example 1

The shape of the plate was changed by deforming it in two dimensions, creating a deformation with a guide groove in the strip-shaped plate. The upper part of the ribbon-shaped plate was beveled at an angle of 109 to the vertical, and the lower part of this plate was bent with a radius of curvature of 1550 mm, the stress was measured in the compacted part, at the end of the beveled part and in the curved middle part of the ribbon-like plate. The left part of Fig. 15 shows the point where the tension of the ribbon-like plate was measured, and the right part (A)

Fig. 15 shows the distribution of the average stress at each point of the ribbon-like plate according to Example 1. The results of stress measurement are placed in Table 1 below. with

Example 2

After beveling the upper part of the ribbon-like plates by 10 g relative to the vertical and bending the lower i) part of the ribbon-like plate with a radius of curvature of 1800 mm, the stresses were measured in the compacted part, the end of the beveled part and in the curved middle part of the ribbon-like plate. The left part of Fig. 15 shows the stress measurement point in the ribbon-like plate, and the right part (B) of Fig. 15 shows the distribution of average stresses at each point of the ribbon-like plate according to Example 2. The results of stress measurement for Example 2 are shown in Table 1 lower. The rest of the experimental conditions were the same as in Example 1. "I

Example C

After beveling the upper part of the strip-like plate by 7 2 relative to the vertical and bending the lower c part of the strip-like plate with a radius of curvature of 1800 mm, the stresses were measured in the compacted part, with the end of the beveled part and in the curved middle part of the strip-like plate. The left part of Fig. 15 shows the stress measurement point in the ribbon plate, and the right part (C) of Fig. 15 shows the average stress distribution at each point of the ribbon plate according to Example 3. The stress measurement results for Example C are shown in Table 1 below. The rest of the experimental conditions were the same as those in Example 1. c Example 4 c The plate was deformed in two dimensions under the forced action of the guide chute on the pocket-type "" shaped plate. After the upper part of the ribbon-like plate was beveled by 10 g relative to the vertical and the lower part was bent of a tape-like plate with a radius of curvature of 1550 mm, stresses were measured in the compacted part, the end of the beveled part and in the curved middle part of the tape-like plate. The left (se) part of Fig. 1b shows the stress measurement point in the tape-like plate, and in the right part (A)

Fig. 16 shows the distribution of average stresses at each point of the strip-like plate according to Example 4. o The results of the stress measurement for Example 4 are shown in Table 1 below. t" Example 5

After beveling the upper part of the ribbon-like plate by 10 2 relative to the vertical and bending the lower part of the ribbon-like plate with a radius of curvature of 1800 mm, the stresses were measured in the compacted part - the end of the beveled part and in the curved middle part of the ribbon-like plate. The left part of Fig. 16 shows the stress measurement point in the ribbon-like plate, and the right part (B) of Fig. 1b6 shows the distribution of average stresses at each point of the ribbon-like plate according to Example 5. The stress measurement results for Example 5 are shown in Table 1 below. The rest of the experimental conditions were the same as in Example 4.

F, Example 6

Ккз After beveling the upper part of the ribbon-like plate by 7 2 relative to the vertical and bending the lower part of the ribbon-like plate with a radius of curvature of 1800 mm, the stresses were measured in the compacted part, 6bO of the end of the beveled part and in the curved middle part of the ribbon-like plate. The left part of Fig. 1b6 shows the stress measurement point in the ribbon plate, and the right part (C) of Fig. 1b6 shows the distribution of average stresses at each point of the ribbon plate according to Example 5. The stress measurement results for Example 6 are shown in Table 1 below. The rest of the experimental conditions were the same as in Example 4. b5

Table 1

The units of stress measurement are kg/mm.

As shown in Table 1, in Example C with a strip plate, the compression point stress was 70.316kg/mm?7, the bevel end stress was 312kg/mm? and the stress of the bent middle part was 2011 kg/mm7. The voltage measured in Example C is less than the voltage measured in Examples 1 and 2.

As in Example 3, if the upper part of the strip-like plate was made with a bevel of 7 o relative to the vertical, and the lower part of this plate was bent with a radius of curvature of 1800 mm, it is possible to minimize the stress applied to the strip-like plate.

In Example 6 with a pocket plate, the compression point stress was 442kg/mm 7 , the bevel end stress was 446bkg/mm 2 , and the bent middle part stress was 2510kg/mm 2 . The stress measured in Example 6 is less than the stress measured in Examples 4 and 5. If the upper part of the pocket plate was made with a bevel of 72 with respect to the vertical, and the lower part of this plate was bent with a radius of curvature of 1800 mm, it is possible to minimize the stress applied to such a plate. The ribbon and pocket plates modeled in Examples 3 and 6 were modeled in Examples 7 and 8. Here the stresses were measured more accurately. The conditions of Examples 7 and 8 are described below.

Example 7

The plate was deformed in three dimensions, subjecting it to forced deformation by a guide trough with a ribbon-like relief. After beveling the upper part of the ribbon-like plate by 7 g relative to the vertical and bending the lower part of the ribbon-like plate with a radius of curvature of 1800 mm, the stresses in the plates with a radius of curvature of 1800 mm were measured, the stresses were measured in the compacted part, the end of the beveled part, and in the curved middle part of the ribbon-like plate . The left part of Fig. 17 shows the stress measurement point in the ribbon-like plate, and the right part of Fig. 17 shows the distribution of average stresses at each point of the ribbon-like plate according to Example 7. The results of the measurement of 3o stress for Example 7 are shown in Table 2 below. Io)

Example 8

The plate was deformed in three dimensions, subjecting it to forced deformation by a guide chute with a ribbon-like relief. After beveling the upper part of the ribbon-like plate by 7 9 relative to the vertical and bending the lower part of the ribbon-like plate with a radius of curvature of 1800 mm, the stresses were measured in the compacted part, the end of the beveled part and in the curved middle part of the ribbon-like plate. The left part of Fig. 18 shows the stress measurement point in the ribbon plate, and the right part of Fig. 18 shows the distribution of average stresses at each point of the ribbon plate according to

Example 8. The stress measurement results for Example 8 are shown in Table 2 below. « «about -; with nn shen she shchi so

Kz The units of stress measurement are kg/mm7.

As shown in Table 2, in Example 7 with a ribbon plate, the stress of the sealing point was 50 27Okg/mm2, the end stress of the chamfered part was ЗОЗkg/mm 2 and the stress of the curved middle part 1 was 2001kg/mm?. If the upper part of the ribbon plate was made with a bevel of 72 relative to

STILL vertical, and the lower part of this plate was bent with a radius of curvature of 1800mm, the stress applied to the ribbon plate can be minimized.

In Example 8, the stress of the sealing point was 416 kg/mm 7, the stress of the end of the beveled part was 425 kg/mm? and the tension of the curved middle part is 2320 kg/mm?. If the upper part of the pocket plate was made with a bevel of 72 with respect to the vertical, and the lower part of this plate was bent with a radius i) of curvature of 1800 mm, it is possible to minimize the stress applied to such a plate. ke In the device for making compacted iron according to the invention, the compacted iron can be discharged uniformly and continuously because the guide surface of the guide chute has a straight bevel surface and a 60 curved bevel surface. Thanks to this, the process proceeds evenly, and the number of particles that occur when breaking compacted cast iron can be minimized. In addition, shocks caused by the chopper when grinding compacted iron can be damped and the thermal load on the device located after the last part of the guide chute can be minimized.

Although the invention has been described with examples of typical embodiments, it is clear that it can be implemented in 65 different changes of forms and details within the concepts and scope of the invention defined by the Formula of the invention.

Claims (61)

The formula of the invention is not. - 1. A device for making compacted cast iron, which includes: - a pair of rollers for compacting reclaimed materials containing crushed reclaimed iron and making compacted cast iron; - a guide chute for directing the compacted cast iron that came out of a pair of rollers; and 70 - shredders for grinding the compacted cast iron directed into the guide chute, and the guide surface of the guide chute for directing the compacted cast iron includes a straight chamfered surface and a curved chamfered surface. 2. The device according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that a pair of rollers consists of a fixed roller and a movable roller located opposite the fixed roller, and the distance from the upper end part of the guide surface of the chute /5 to the center of the fixed roller is less than the sum of the radius of the fixed roller and half medium-thick sealing of cast iron. C. The device according to claim 2, which is characterized by the fact that the distance from the upper end part of the guide surface to the center of the fixed roller does not exceed the sum of the radius of the fixed roller and half the average thickness of the cast iron seal. 4. The device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the upper end part of the guide surface is located closer to the fixed roller than to the moving roller. 5. The device according to claim 2, which is characterized by the fact that the upper end part of the guide surface is located in a position not higher than the height of the central axis of the fixed roller and not lower than the height of the surface of the lower end part of the fixed roller. with 6. The device according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the upper part of the guide surface is made as a straight beveled surface, and the lower part of this surface is made as a curved beveled surface connected to a straight beveled surface. 7. The device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the ratio of the height of the upper part of the guide surface to the height of the lower part of the guide surface is from 5.0 to 6.0. "- zo 8. The device according to claim 1, which differs in that the angle between the straight beveled surface and the vertical is from б to 892. І) 9. The device according to claim 8, which is characterized by the fact that the angle between the straight beveled surface and the vertical is, "U essentially, 79. 10. The device according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the radius of curvature of the curved beveled surface is between 1700 mm and 1900 mm. co 11. The device according to claim 10, which is characterized by the fact that the radius of curvature of the curved beveled surface is, in fact, 1800 mm. 12. The device according to claim 1, which differs in that the ratio of the height of the guide chute to the length of its base is from 1.0 to 2.0. " 13. The device according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that on the surface of each roller in the direction of its axis, continuous concave grooves are formed -v s, and in these grooves, projections separated from each other are made. 14. The device according to claim 13, which is characterized by the fact that the protrusions are made as notches and they are directed toward;" circumference of a pair of rollers. 15. The device of claim 14, wherein the thickness of each protrusion decreases toward the center of the protrusion. ooo 16. The device according to claim 13, which is characterized in that the step between the protrusions is from 16 mm to 45 mm. 17. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the grinders include a first grinder for coarsely grinding the compacted iron produced by the pair of rollers and a second grinder for regrinding the coarsely ground compacted iron. 18. The device according to claim 17, characterized in that the first shredder grinds compacted cast iron into particles 1 with an average size of 0 to 50 mm. Ha 19. The device according to claim 18, which is characterized by the fact that the first shredder grinds compacted cast iron into particles with an average size of 0 to 30 mm. 20. The device according to claim 17, which is characterized by the fact that the compacted cast iron, crushed in the second grinder, includes: - from 0 to 30 wt. 95 compacted cast iron with particles ranging in size from 25 mm to 30 mm; (F) - from 55 to 100 wt. 95 compacted cast iron with particles ranging in size from 5 mm to 25 mm; and t - from O to 15 wt. 95 compacted cast iron with particles less than 5 mm in size. 21. The device according to claim 17, which is characterized by the fact that the first shredder includes: in - a set of grinding plates, installed next to each other along the axis of the first grinder and working together, each of which is formed by projections separated from each other, located along the circumference of the grinding plate ; and - ring spacers installed between sets of these plates to provide gaps between these plates, 65 and protrusions during operation of the set of grinding plates are intended for coarse grinding of compacted cast iron. 22. The device according to claim 17, which is characterized by the fact that the first chopper has a circumferentially integrated body on which a set of separate protrusions is formed, designed for coarse grinding of compacted cast iron during operation of the first chopper. 23. The device of claim 17, further comprising a tipping storage hopper for temporary storage of crushed compacted iron, wherein the first shredder and the second shredder are connected to the storage hopper via a conveying chute. 24. The device according to claim 17, which is characterized in that the second shredder has a pair of grinding rollers installed separately from each other and equipped with grinding discs, and a set of blades is formed on the circumference 7/0 of the grinding discs, intended for re-grinding coarsely crushed compacted iron under rotation time of grinding rollers in mutually opposite directions. 25. The device according to claim 24, characterized in that one of the grinding rollers is fixed and the other is movable, and the gap between them can be controlled to change. 26. The device according to claim 24, characterized in that the blade has a first bevel surface directed in the direction of rotation of the grinding roller and a second bevel surface directed in the opposite direction, and the first bevel angle between the first bevel surface and the circumference of the grinding roller exceeds the second angle bevel between the second beveled surface and the circumference of the grinding roller. 27. The device according to claim 26, characterized in that one or both bevel angles are from 802 to 902, 28. The device according to claim 26, characterized in that one or both bevel angles are from 402 to 509, 29. The device according to claim 24, characterized in that the pair of grinding rollers includes a first grinding roller and a second grinding roller, and the first blades formed on the circumference of the first grinding roller are directed to the gaps between the second blades mounted on the circumference of the second grinding roller. urine 30. The device according to claim 29, which is characterized in that the distance from the end part of the first blade to the surface of the second grinding roller from the end part of the first blade is from 10 mm to 20 mm. at 31. The device according to claim 29, characterized in that the end part of each blade is rounded. 32. The device according to claim 31, characterized in that the rounded surface formed on the end part of the first blade and the rounded surface formed on the end part of the second blade closest to the first -/-s pe blade face each other. 33. The device according to claim 32, which is characterized in that the distance from the rounded surface formed on the upper end part of the first blade to the rounded surface formed on the upper end part of the second blade, "And closest to the first blade, is from 10 mm to 15 mm. 34. The device according to claim 17, which is characterized by the fact that the second grinder includes a pair of grinding rollers, c 3z5 separated from each other, and blades are formed on the circumferences of this pair of grinding rollers, c are intended for repeated grinding of coarsely ground compacted cast iron during the rotation of the rollers of this pairs in mutually opposite directions. 35. The device according to claim 17, which is characterized by the fact that it additionally has a conveying chute under the lower part of the pair of rollers for transporting compacted iron, and this conveying chute "comprises a set of linear chutes connected to each other, and the size of one end opening of the linear pu c chute is smaller than the size of the other end opening of this chute. and 36. The device according to claim 35, characterized in that the set of linear channels includes a first linear channel "" and a second linear channel, and one end opening of the second linear channel can enter the other end opening of the first linear channel with an overlap. 37. The device according to claim 36, which differs in that the dimensions of the first and second linear channels are the same. Go! 38. The device according to item Zb, which is characterized by the fact that the second linear chute and the first linear chute with repetition are located in a certain order along the direction of transportation of recovered materials, which contain crushed recovered cast iron. t" 39. The device according to claim 38, which is characterized by the fact that one end opening of the first linear chute overlaps with the other end opening of the second linear chute. 1 40. The device according to item C5, which is characterized by the fact that each of the linear gutters has a pair of side parts located opposite each other, and a bottom part that connects the side parts of this pair together. 41. The device of claim 40, wherein each of the linear channels is integrally formed. 42. The device according to claim 40, which is characterized in that at one end of the pair of side parts forming one end opening of the linear chute, stepped parts can be formed that become lower in the direction of transport of the recovered materials containing crushed recovered iron. (F. 43. The device according to claim 35, which is characterized by the fact that the transport chute includes a set of outer casings covering the set of linear chutes, and an outer coating bonded to each of the outer casings. 44. The device according to claim 43, which is characterized by the fact that the cover of the linear chute is fixed on this chute. 60 45. The device according to claim 44, which is characterized by the fact that connecting parts for the cleaning flow M" are installed on the outer cover, and the set of these parts passes into the transport chute through the hole made in the cover of the linear chute. 46. The device according to claim 45, which is characterized in that the set of connecting parts for the cleaning stream Mo includes a first connecting part for the cleaning stream Mo and a second connecting part for 65 cleaning stream Mo, and the first connecting part for cleaning stream Mo is beveled towards the lower part of the transport chute, and the second connecting part for the cleaning stream Mo is beveled towards the upper part of the transport chute. 47. The device according to claim 45, which is characterized by the fact that a set of support channels is fixed between the outer cover and the cover of the linear chute. 48. The device according to claim 47, which is characterized by the fact that the support channel is concave in the direction of the coating of the linear chute. 49. The device according to claim 44, which is characterized by the fact that an inspection hole is installed on the outer cover, directed to the hole in the cover of the linear chute. 50. The device according to claim 43, characterized in that a pair of staples is attached to the side of the linear chute along the direction 7/0 of transporting the reclaimed material containing crushed reclaimed iron. 51. The device of claim 50, wherein the pair of staples includes a first staple and a second staple, wherein the first staple and the second staple can be attached in an orderly manner along the conveying direction of the reclaimed materials containing the crushed reclaimed iron. 52. The device according to claim 51, which is characterized by the fact that in the outer casing there are fixing parts and a bracket fixed on these fixing parts. 53. The device according to claim 52, characterized in that the set of fixing parts includes a first fixing part and a second part separated from the first fixing part, and a first bracket connected to the first fixing part with a screw. 54. The device of claim 53, wherein the second locking portion is secured to be separated from the second bracket. 55. The device according to claim 43, which is characterized by the fact that two linear grooves are installed in the outer casing. 56. The device according to claim 43, which is characterized by the fact that there is a heat-insulating material between the outer casing and the linear channels. 57. The device according to claim 35, which differs in that the difference between the width of one end opening of the linear chute and the width of the other end opening of this chute is from 10 to 25 cm. 58. The device according to claim 35, which differs in that the difference between the height of one end opening of the linear (8) chute and the height of the other end opening of this chute is from 10 cm to 25 cm. 59. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the recovered materials containing crushed recovered iron additionally contain sintered additives. - zo 60. A device for the production of molten iron, which has: - a device for the production of compacted cast iron. 1 and io) - a melting gas generator designed for loading and melting compacted cast iron in it. "IN 61. The device according to claim 60, which is characterized by the fact that the melting gas generator is made with the possibility of loading one or more coals selected from the group consisting of lumpy coal and coal with. briquettes co - and? so ko 1 "- ko 60 b5