UA78683C2 - Method for contouring pit sides - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for contouring pit side at its design contour, at liquidation of technological ledge with leaving safety berms, includes drilling around block of upper ledge with technological wells, for instance with rig BVSh-250 MN, and contour set with vertical or inclined wells at line of future upper edge of doubled ledge with alternation one with another of close wells with varying depth, well charging with charges of explosive substance (ES), with filling well charges and short-delay firing (SDF) of charge system in mode of advance in time of explosion of well charges in contour row, excavation of broken rock mass with cleaning slant of the upper ledge and ceiling of the lower ledge. Close wells with varying depth are drilled with alternation one with another: one deep well with length equal to 1.4 of height of ledge (Hy), and at its both sides two short wells with length equal to 0.5 Hy, then one well with intermediate length with under-drill to ledge bottom by 1.0-2.0 m. In those wells one respectively placed column charges of ES with mass: 200-250, 50-100, 100-150 kg. Quality of contouring is increased, at decrease of volume of well drilling.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to the mining industry, can be used in the reconstruction of the sides of the pit 2 and allows to reduce the costs of drilling and blasting.

There is a known method of contouring a double ledge, consisting of two technological ledges, in which, first, on the upper ledge, multi-row drilling of reflective technological wells in the near-contour block and a series of converging contour wells along the line of the upper edge of the future double ledge, alternating with each other, is carried out - one deep well with redrilling and two short wells of the same 70 length, charging the wells with charges of explosives, plugging and short-delayed landing of the system of well charges of explosives (BP) | see and. with. Mo822598, USSR "Method of contouring a ledge", cl. E21C37/00, 1983, which is not published, or patent OA 9019, 30.09.1996).

However, the known method of contouring requires significant costs for drilling and blasting.

There is also a well-known method of contouring a ledge, which includes the same operations as previously mentioned, with the only difference that in the contour row of wells the order of alternating deep and short wells has been changed (see a.s. Mo1314768, USSR "Method of contouring ledge", class E21С37/00, 1987, which is not published). This tool has the same disadvantages as its counterpart, and the use of deep wells drilled on two ledges in a contour line reduces the productivity of their drilling with a depth of 25...3095 in comparison with the drilling of shallower wells (18...21 m) .

The new solution to this technical problem is based on a more rational alternation in the contour series of short and deep wells in the blocks on the upper and lower ledges and the mass of the BP column charges received in them, as well as the length of the plugging of the BP well charges, and the refusal to use garland charges. This made it possible to achieve a positive effect by reducing the volume of drilling wells in the contour row by 25...3095 and the consumption of expensive BP in watered wells, because garland charges from 22 were made by hand from TNT checkers. At the same time, the quality of contouring of the slope of the double ledge, Go) is achieved, which satisfies the technical requirements.

The above-mentioned technical problem is solved due to the fact that in the well-known means of contouring the side of the quarry on its design contour, when the technological ledges are paid off, leaving safety berms with a width equal to 2/3 of the height of the ledge, the block of the upper ledge is disturbed by technological wells, for example, with a VBSh- 250 MN, and the contour row - by vertical or inclined wells along the line oo of the future upper edge of the double ledge with alternating wells of variable depth, charging the wells with VR charges, plugging the well charges, and short-delayed landing o (KSV) of the charge system in the advance mode --asom explosions of well charges in the contour line, with excavation of the planted rock mass with cleaning of the slope of the upper ledge and the roof of the lower ledge, and

According to the proposed technical solution in the block of the upper ledge in the contour row of wells, for example, with an inclined (752) contouring plane, well approximations of variable depth are drilled alternating with each other: one deep well with a length equal to 1.4 of the height of the ledge (Well), and on both sides of it - two short wells with a length equal to 0.5 Nu, and then - one well of intermediate length "with an underbore of 1.0...1.5 m to the sole of this ledge, in which, accordingly, column charges of BP with З7З 70 are placed by mass: 200...150; 50...100; 100...15 kg. c In addition, in the block on the lower ledge in the contour row, wells are drilled alternating between you: one vertical well to the height of the ledge plus redrilling of the well and one slope - to the side of the future line of the lower edge of the double ledge with an underdrill to this line by 1.5 ..-2.0m, while in the first wells, charges of normal (passport) mass are placed, and in the second (slanted) - with a mass of 0.5...0.7 of the normal mass, and 75 what is in the block on the upper ledges in contour wells, drilling of well charges from bulk material is performed only in the mouth part of wells with a length of 2.5...3.0 m, and in the block on the lower ledge in (axis wells of the contour row) it is performed for the entire length of the inactive part of the well.

The essence of the method is explained on the example of its implementation and illustrated in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4.

Ф The contour block 1 of the upper 2 technological ledge with a height of 15 m is disturbed by a VBSh machine - 250 (o) 250 MN with rows of rebound wells, for example, on a grid of 6b, 0xb, 0m in silicate-magnetite hornblende, with a strength of 7-17-20. The contour 4 row of wells of this block is drilled with the same machine, alternating every 3.0 cm, one deep 5 well with a length equal to 14n, (21m), and on both sides of it two short 6 wells with a length equal to 0.5N (7.0 ...7.5 m), and then - one well of intermediate length 7 with an underbore to the sole of this ledge 2 by 1.0...2.0 m. 99 When charging block 1 of ledge 2, BP of normal (passport) mass is placed in the wells

GF) for example 580 kg (not shown in Fig.). If the wells are flooded, they use aquatol or TNT, and in dry wells - Gramonite 79/21 or other types of BP of the same weight. In the contour row 4, in the deep 5 well, the means of landing and the BP charge weighing 200...250 kg are placed, and in short wells - 50...100 kg, in wells of intermediate 7 length - 100...150 kg (the lower limits of the masses of BP charges - for breeds that are easily 60 planted, and the upper ones - for breeds that are difficult to plant). Then the well charges are rammed

BP from loose inert material, preferably wetted with water. At the same time, in the wells of the contour 4 row at a distance of 2.0...3.0 m from the mouth of the well, a pile (overlay) is made of burlap, and then the filling is performed to the above-mentioned lengths (not shown in Fig.).

The assembled explosive network with the DSh and the pyrotechnic relay with the necessary ratings is initiated by a capsule-detonator with the mode of landing of sections of BP charges, which ensure the preliminary landing of BP charges of the contour 4 row with a time of 50...100 ms.

In the case of a camouflaged explosion of BP column charges in the contour 4 row of wells, the products of detonation (shock pulse) spread through the air (water) gap between the upper end of the BP column charge and the body of the hammer, and create a main flat crack in the contour 4 row of wells. The action of these charges in the contouring plane ensures uniform distribution and mutual crossing of the zones of their destruction, and therefore, high-quality contouring.

After excavating the planted rock mass and clearing the slope of the upper 2 ledge and the roof of the lower 8 ledge (see Fig. 4), at a safe distance equal to 2/3 Well, in the near-contour block, counterbore wells and 7/0 contour row of wells are drilled alternating with each other through From 0 m, one vertical 9 well with redrilling and one inclined 10 well - to the side of the future line of the lower edge of the double ledge and with an underdrill to this line by 1.5...2.0 m. The other wells of the block of escarpment 8 are drilled on a grid of 6.0хб, Ом. And during charging, BP charges of normal mass (58Okg) are placed in the vertical 9 wells of the contour row, and 0.5...0.7 of normal mass, for example З370Okg, are placed in the inclined 10, and the well charges of BP are rammed along the entire length of the inactive /5 part wells

The block of the lower 8 ledge is blown up in the same CSR mode as on the upper 2 ledge.

After excavating the planted rock mass and clearing the slope of the lower 8 ledge, a double ledge with the required width of the safety berm and a satisfactory contouring quality is obtained. In the future, the accepted sequence of operations of the tool is repeated, rebuilding the side of the quarry, as the work in it decreases.

The proposed method, in comparison with the prototype, allows to reduce the volume of drilling work by 25...3090, to increase the productivity of the contour row excitation due to the use of shallow wells, to reduce the costs of explosive work due to the non-use of expensive garland charges of BP in contour wells.

The high technological and economic efficiency of the proposed tool is confirmed by the positive results of its testing and partial implementation in 2000 at the quarry of JSC Ingulets Mining and Processing Plant. and)

Claims (2)

The formula of the invention is 30 1. The method of contouring the edge of the quarry on its design contour, when eliminating technological ledges with the leaving of safety berms, by drilling the block of the upper ledge with technological wells, "with, for example, the VBSh-250 MN machine, and the contour row with vertical or inclined wells along the line of the future of the upper edge of the double ledge with alternating closely spaced wells of variable depth, (2.0) z5 charging of wells with explosive charges (BP), plugging of well charges and chn short-delayed landing (CSV) of the charge system in the mode of advance by the time of explosions of well charges in the contour row , excavation of the planted rock mass with cleaning of the slope of the upper ledge and the roof of the lower ledge, which differs in that in the block of the upper ledge in a contour row, for example with an inclined plane of contouring, closely spaced wells of variable depth are drilled alternating with each other: one "deep well with a length equal to 1.4 of the height of the ledge (Well ), and on both sides of it two short wells with a length equal to 0.5 well, then one well of intermediate length with an underbore to the bottom of the ledge by 1.0-2.0 m, in which, accordingly, column charges of VR mass are placed: 200-250, 50-100, 100-150 kg. :with" 2. The method according to claim 1, which differs in that in the block of the lower ledge in the contour row wells are drilled alternating with each other: one vertical well with overdrilling and one inclined towards the future line of the lower edge of the double ledge with underdrilling to this line by 1, 5-2.0 m, in which, respectively, normal mass BP charges are placed in the first -I, and in the second - 0.5-0.7 mass of a normal BP charge. C. The method according to claim 1, which differs in that in the block of the upper ledge in the contour well charges, caulking from bulk inert material is performed only in the mouth part of the well with a length of 2.0-3.0 m, and in the block of the lower ledge in wells of the contour row, it is performed along the entire length of the inactive part of the 5r well. syu" F) name) 60 b5