UA77866C2 - Passive radar station for determining coordinates of radio radiation sources - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed passive radar station for determining coordinates of radio radiation sources contains a direction finder, a unit for processing the bearing data in forward movement, a unit for processing the bearing data in backward movement, a unit for determining the rate of bearing change, and a unit for measuring distance, which are installed at mobile vehicle, meters for measuring the velocity of the vehicle in forward and backward movement, and additionally, a unit for determining the bearing area that corresponds to the target dimensions, a comparator, and a unit for controlling the rotation frequency of the radar antenna. The input of the unit for processing the bearing data in forward movement is connected to the first output of the direction finder, and the output is connected to the first input of the unit for determining the rate of bearing change. The input of the unit for processing the bearing data in backward movement is connected to the second output of the direction finder, and the output is connected to the second input of the unit for determining the rate of bearing change and is used as the first output of the radar station. The first and the second inputs of the unit for measuring distance are connected accordingly to the outputs of meters for measuring the velocity of the vehicle in forward and backward movement. The output of the unit for measuring distance is used as the second output of the radar station. The first input of the comparator is connected to the output of the unit for determining the bearing area, and the first output is connected to the first input of the unit for controlling the rotation frequency of the radar antenna. The third output of the direction finder is connected to the input of the unit for determining the bearing area, and the fourth output is connected to the second input of the comparator. The second input of the unit for controlling the rotation frequency of the radar antenna is connected to the second input of the comparator, and the first and the second outputs are connected accordingly to the first and the second inputs of the radar station. The proposed radar station is distinctive by its enhanced measurement accuracy.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to the field of passive location, which detects and measures the coordinates of 2 air, ground and surface objects that generate radiation. The source of radiation can be working radio transmitters of objects (pilot navigation, location, communication). Passive location methods have their own specific features. Due to the lack of information about the radiation time, the range to the radiation sources is determined using two or more spatially separated reception points (base). Receiving a direct signal facilitates the detection and measurement of target coordinates. The absence of 70 transmitters at a passive location simplifies the equipment and increases the secrecy of work.

Two methods of measuring the coordinates of radiation sources are best known: ranging-range (hyperbolic) and triangulation (bearing). The difference-range measuring method is based on measuring the difference in distances from the radiation source to the reception points. It is known that the locus of points whose distance difference to two given points (focuses) is a constant value is a hyperbola. The location 72 of the radiation source is defined as the point of intersection of two hyperbolas. At least three reception points are required for the location of the radiation source.

The triangulation method is more common and is based on the measurement of the angular directions on the target from at least two receiving points, which are separated in space by some distance. The location of the target is defined as the point of intersection of two lines, each of which is a line of position. ("Theoretical foundations! radars" ed.

Ya.D. Shirman, M., "Soviet Radio", 19701.

The range to the radiation source can be determined by one moving carrier on which the passive station is placed. This method is based on measuring the transit time of the directivity diagram of the antenna of the passive station in the direction of the radiation source (A.G. Nikolaev, S.V. Pertsov "Радиотеплолокация" (passivnaya радиолокация), M., "Soviet Radio", 1964). To compensate for the movement of the radiation source, the carrier from the passive station needs to make a straight and reverse tack with a constant speed and a course perpendicular to the bearing. (In the radiation source. The disadvantage of a passive station is that it does not allow obtaining high accuracy of distance measurement, since for time measurement it is necessary to fix the position of the source at the ends of the radiation pattern, where the signal/noise ratio is small and therefore the accuracy of time measurement is low, and this leads to large errors in determining the range

The range to the source of radiation can be determined by a single carrier with a passive station, in which Ge) temporary formation of the base takes place (A.G. Nikolaev, S.V. Pertsov "Радиотеплолокация" (passivnaya радиолокация), M., "Soviet Radio", 1964 ). To compensate for the movement of the radiation source, it is necessary for the carrier of the passive station to make a straight and reverse tack with a constant speed and a course perpendicular to the bearing of the radiation source. The bearing station works as follows. On a direct tack, the station makes a large number of measurements of the bearing of the radiation source. These bearings are processed on a straight tack. Based on these, the bearing is extrapolated in the processed bearings on the reversed tack. On an inverted tack, which is carried out on a course perpendicular to the bearing of the radiation source, the bearing station makes a large number of bearing measurements and processes them. The distance to the radiation source is determined by the triangulation method based on the processed bearing on the inverted tack and on the extrapolated /"F bearing, taking into account the amount of the base traveled by the carrier on the inverted and extrapolated tacks. The disadvantage of the station is insufficient accuracy - from the measurement of the range of the radiation source with existing direction-finding errors in the direction-finding station and

And" execution of tacks perpendicular courses to the bearing of the radiation source.

The closest in terms of technical essence, and therefore chosen as a prototype, is (patent M52633, application MO8073426 dated 1.07.1998. MKI 50155/01, (30155/06). The passive station for measuring the coordinates of radiation sources (according to this patent) contains a direction finder station, block for processing bearings of direct tack (BOPPG), block for processing and bearings of reversed tack (BOPOG), block for determination of rates of change of bearings (BVSHZP), block for determination of -I range (BVD).

The prototype works like this. To compensate for the movement of the radiation source, it is required that the carrier, on which the passive coordinate measurement station is located, make a straight and reverse tack with a constant b 20 Speed and courses perpendicular to the bearing of the radiation source. On straight and reversed tacks, the direction finding station makes a large number of bearing measurements, which are processed, and on straight and reversed tacks, the rate of change of bearings, which are fed into the unit for determining the rate of change of bearings on both tacks. This value, multiplied by a unit of time, forms the angle at the apex of a triangle, one of the legs of which is the range to the radiation source, and the second leg is equal to the sum of the speeds of the carrier on the straight and reverse 25 Gals, multiplied by the unit of time. The second leg lies opposite the formed corner.

GF) Thus, the range to the source of radiation is determined according to the formula: yuyu 0 - color of speech" le sioDSHO Pr - SHOV A, where: 60 Mrba speed of the carrier, respectively, on straight and reverse tacks;

ШЗПрр , ШзЗп ab 7 speed of bearing change, respectively, on direct and reversed tacks; and - the selected value of the time unit.

The shortcoming of the prototype is the insufficient accuracy of measuring the range of the radiation source with the existing db errors of bearing measurement by the bearing station.

The basis of the invention is the task of reducing the range measurement error by reducing the bearing measurement error by the bearing station.

The task is solved due to the fact that the passive station for measuring the coordinates of radiation sources, which includes a bearing station, a unit for processing bearings of direct tack (BOPPG), a unit for processing bearings of reverse tack (BOPOG), a unit for determining the rate of change of bearing (BVSHZP) and range-finding unit (BVD), which are placed on a moving carrier, while the direction-finding station, BOPPG, BVShZP and

BVD, connected in series, the second output of the direction finding station is connected to the input of the BODOG, the output of which is connected to the second input of the BVShZP and is the first output of the passive station, the second and third inputs of the BVD receive the value of the speed of the carrier on the straight and reverse tack, the output of the BVD is the second output of the passive station, which differs from 7/0 in that the unit for forming the target width by bearing (BFShTSPI), the comparison unit and the antenna speed control unit (BKSHA) are additionally introduced, which are connected in series and at the same time the third output of the direction-finding of the station is connected to the input of the BFSHCP, and the fourth output of the direction-finding station is connected to the second input of the comparison unit, the second output of which is connected to the second input of the BKSHA, the first and second outputs of which are connected to the first and second inputs of the direction-finding station, respectively.

This construction of a passive station for measuring the coordinates of radiation sources makes it possible to measure the bearings on the target and the rate of change of bearing with smaller errors on direct and reverse tacks, which are carried out on courses perpendicular to the bearing to the source of radiation, because the introduced BFShCP, comparison unit and BKSHA allow the antenna speed to be varied . If the antenna is not in the target area, its speed increases, and when the antenna is in the target area, its speed decreases. In BOPPG and BOPOG, bearings are smoothed and the speed of bearing change is determined both on a straight and on a reverse tack. It is known that the root mean square error (RMS) of bearing smoothing depends on the RMS of single measurements and on the number of bearing measurements made (S.3. Kuzmin "Digital processing of radar information" by M.

Soviet Radio, 1967). The SCP of a single bearing measurement depends on the speed of the antenna. The lower the speed of the antenna, the smaller the SCP of the single bearing measurement, and this bearing value from the output of the ADR is the first output of the passive station. Introduced BFSHCP, comparison unit and BKSHA allow to make such a ratio of antenna speeds when it is not in the target zone and in the target zone, so that during direct or reverse tacking o); get the same number of measurements as with a constant antenna speed. The range to the radiation source, which is calculated at each minute of the reverse tack according to the formula 0 - (pr Mov. A. ssha dr - ShZPoe I ki , will be with a smaller root mean square error than the range calculated at a constant speed of the antenna. is),

The authors are not aware of technical solutions that have a set of features that coincide with the set of distinctive features of the proposed technical solution, and therefore they conclude that the proposed solution has significant differences. (heh)

The essence of the invention is explained by the drawings, where in fig. 1 - block diagram of a passive station for measuring the coordinates of radiation sources; fig. 2 - the dependence of the root mean square error of the range measurement on the range. uh-

The proposed passive station for measuring the coordinates of radiation sources (Fig. 1) consists of direction-finding station 1, BOPPG 2, BOPOG 3, BVShZP 4, BVD 5, as well as BFShTSPI 6, comparison unit 7 and BKSHA 8, while direction-finding station 1, BOPPG2, BVShZP 4 and BVD 5 are connected in series, and the second output of direction finding station 1 is connected to the first input of BOPOG 3, the output of which is connected to the second input of BVShZP 4 and is the first output of the passive station, the output of BVD 5 is the second output: passive station, and the second and third inputs of the BVD 5 Z s receive the values of the carrier velocities on the straight and reverse tacks, and the third output of the direction finding station 1 is connected to the input of the BFSHCP 6, which is connected in series to the comparison unit 7 and BKSHA 8, the first and second outputs of which are connected to the first and second inputs of the direction finding station 1, the fourth output of which is connected to the second input of the comparison unit 7.

The passive station for measuring the coordinates of radiation sources works as follows. The carrier with - a passive station on a course perpendicular to the bearing to the source of radiation and a constant speed - conducts direct and reverse tacks along (p1r-Yub. On each tack, the passive direction finder 1 performs several spatial surveys. On each survey, the speed of the antenna with the help of the BFShCP 6, block comparison 7 and BKSHA 8 so will be different. If the antenna of direction finder station 1 is not in the target zone, then its speed increases and

FO 20 is several degrees per second (3-595). If the antenna of direction finder station 1 is in the target zone, its speed decreases and is several tenths of degrees per second (0.2-0.3965). The bearing of the target is determined

І) on each survey of straight and reverse tacks, it enters the first entrances of BOPPG2 and BOPOGZ. In these blocks, the value of the smoothed bearing П sgl and the rate of change of bearing on straight and reverse tacks are calculated based on several measurements. On the reverse tack, Psgl is the first output of the passive station. The values of the rate of change of bearings on straight and reverse tacks are fed into BVShZP 4 on the first and second inputs. From the output of BVZSHP 4, the value of the difference in the rate of change of bearing on straight and reversed tacks is fed to the first input of BVD 5, the second and third inputs of which receive the value of the speed of the carrier on straight and reversed tacks. In BVD5, the range to the source of radiation is determined at every minute of the reversed tack: 0 - color of mov" le sioDSHO Pr - SHOV A. 60 y y . -

The range value at the BVD5 output is the second output of the passive station.

Direction-finding station 1 is similar to the one given in the book by I.S. Kukes. etc. "Fundamentals of radio direction finding", M., "Soviet Radio", 1964.

BOPP'G 2, BOPOG 3, BVShZP 4, BVD 5, BFShCP 6, comparison block 7 and BKSHA 8 are discrete blocks that are performed on integrated circuits of the 530, 533, 1500 series and others. Because the simulation results proved the effectiveness of the proposed passive station for measuring the coordinates of radiation sources. The operation of the passive station was modeled under conditions of far tropospheric propagation of radio waves ("Far Tropospheric Propagation of UHF" edited by Vvedenskogo, M., "Soviet Radio", 1965).

The simulation results are shown in Fig. 2. Curve 1 corresponds to the operation of the proposed passive station, a

Curve 2 corresponds to the operation of the prototype station. At the same time, the prototype and the proposed passive station make straight and reverse tacks perpendicular to the bearing of the radiation source for 10 minutes.

As can be seen from the presented simulation data, the proposed passive station allows reducing the root mean square error of range measurement by 1.5...1.6 times, depending on the range.

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention is a passive station for measuring the coordinates of radiation sources, which contains a direction-finding station, a block for processing bearings of direct tack (BOPPG), a block for processing bearings of reversed tack (BOPOG), a block for determining the rate of change of bearing (BVSHZP) and a unit for determining range (BVD), which are placed on a moving medium, and the direction-finding station, BOPPG, BVShZP and BVD are connected in series, the second output of the direction-finding station is connected to the input of the BOPOG, the output of which is connected to the second input of the BVShZP and is the first output of the passive station, to the second and third inputs The BVD receives the value of the speed of the carrier on the straight and reverse tack, the output of the BVD is the second output of the passive station, which is distinguished by the fact that it additionally contains a unit for forming the target width by bearing (BFSHTSII), a comparison unit and an antenna speed control unit (BCSHA), which are connected in series, and the third output of the direction-finding station is connected to the input of the BFSHCP, and the fourth output of the direction-finding station is connected to the second input of the comparison unit ny, the second output of which is connected to the second input of the BKSHA, the first and second outputs of which are connected to the first and second inputs of the direction-finding station, respectively. s shchi ) (Se) (Se) (ee) cha i - - s i» -And -And (ee) (about) 4) F) name) 60 b5