UA70510A - Machine for removing the stones from cherry fruit machine for removing the stones from cherry fruit - Google Patents

Abstract

A machine for removing the stones from cherry fruit contains a body and a loading bunker, a mechanism to remove stones made as a traverse with heads and a drive, a cylindrical brush, a device for placing and delivering the fruit, units of collecting and taking aside the stones and pulp and the drive which are arranged on the body. The machine is provided with a mechanism for shaking off the pulp, which is made as a flat spring, attached to a rod of a pneumatic actuator, with a mechanism of tearing away the stones, including strings, which are drawn inside the supporting plates under the traverse, a rinsing device, made as a collector with several rows of tubes, which have nozzles arranged under each jack. The device for placing and delivering the fruit is made as a chain conveyer with jack plates fixed thereon in such a manner as to allow fixing thereof relative the traverse with the heads. Each jack is made as a hemispherical cap with a rubber bush shaped like a hemisphere, with a cross-like cut on the top.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to the food industry, in particular to machines that remove pits from 2 stone fruits, mainly from cherries and cherries, in the production of jam, jams, jams, juices, puree-like products, including products for baby food, as well as fillers for yogurts .

There is no industrial production of this type of machine in Ukraine.

Known devices for removing pits from fruits (see AS USSR Mo207539, M. kl. A23MZ/02, 1966; AS 888925, M. kl. A47923/00, 1980; AS 1768127 , M.kl. A23MA/02, 1992), which have a body, a drum with nests, 70 loading hopper, a mechanism for removing bones in the form of brawls that move in support, nodes for collecting bones and pulp and differ from each other in the presence of additional mechanisms and principles of construction of actuators, as a rule, manual ones.

A well-known device for removing pits from fruits (see AS USSR Mo1651823, MKY A23MA/02, 1991), which is built in a different way. The device has a hopper, a conveyor that feeds the fruit and has a belt of flexible material with nests on the side surface that are located in one row and fights that push out the stones.

The common drawback of all these devices is that only one bone is pushed out at a time, so they all have very low productivity and it is not possible to create a powerful industrial machine on their basis.

The closest to the claimed device is a device for removing pits from fruits (see A.S. USSR

Mo1364277, MKY A23M3/02, Bul. Mo1, 1988) The device has a frame, a loading hopper for berries, a drum with nests that are located in a row along the drum, a mechanism for pushing out stones in the form of a traverse with brawls, a cylindrical brush for pushing off excess fruits, nodes for collecting and removing stones and pulp .

The loading hopper is fixed on the supports with the help of cushioning pads. Its inclined bottom with a small gap is located near the surface of the drum, and the visors ensure that the fruits are fed to the drum in one layer. 29 The hopper has an electromagnetic drive of the traverse with skids. The traverse moves in the guides. "

The bone collection and removal unit has a chute and a screw auger. The unit for collecting and removing the pulp is built in the same way, but it additionally has a cylindrical brush.

The device does the following.

When the electric drive is turned on, the drum, cylindrical brush, augers for extracting the bones and pulp begin to move. When the axes of the sockets on the drum coincide with the axis of the traverse with fights, the electromagnet is activated and through the "- system of levers moves the traverse with fights downwards.

Fruits from the loading hopper are loaded on trays into the nests of the drum and moved to the top. at

Excess fruits that did not enter the nests are pushed downwards back into the hopper. The bones removed by fighting fall into the chute and are removed from the device by an auger. 3o This technical solution is chosen as a prototype. in

The prototype corresponds to the claimed invention in the presence of the following common features: - frame, - loading hopper, " - cylindrical brush for discarding excess fruits, C 70 - a mechanism for pushing out stones, c - a device for placing fruits,

"Iz" - a node of collection and removal of bones, - a node of pulp collection, - drive.

The main disadvantages of the above-mentioned device include the following. and Because the nests in the drum and the fights on the traverse are located in one row, increasing the productivity of av! of the device is possible only by increasing the length of the drum and traverse, which does not allow for a significant increase in productivity, the working course of the beaters is carried out without stopping the movement of the drum, as a result of which it is impossible to center the fruits relative to the beaters, the screw removal of the pulp from the device leads to -k 70 destruction of the pulp and does not allow you to get round fruits at the exit, which in most cases is very important, gradually more and more pulp accumulates in the nests, which sticks to the nests, to wash the device it is necessary to disassemble it into separate components, and then reassemble and debug.

The task of the declared technical solution is to create a machine for removing pits from cherry fruits, in which, due to the introduction of new structural elements and their mutual arrangement, an increase in productivity is ensured. in. The task is solved in the design of the machine for removing pits from cherry fruits, which contains a frame on which a loading hopper, a cylindrical brush, a device for placing and feeding fruits, nodes for collecting and removing pits and pulp, a drive and a mechanism for removing pits are installed in in the form of a traverse with brawls and a drive in that it is additionally equipped with a mechanism for shaking out the pulp in the form of 60 with a flat spring attached to the rod of the pneumatic cylinder, a mechanism for breaking off the bones, which includes strings that are stretched between the middles of the support plates under the traverse, a rinsing device made in the form of a collector with several rows of pipes, which have nozzles located under each nest, a device for placing and serving fruits, made in the form of a chain conveyor with plates with nests fixed on it, with the possibility of fixing them relative to the crossbar with fights, moreover, each nest is made in in the form of a hemispherical bo cap with a rubber insert in the form of a semis ferrets with a cross-shaped cut at the top. In addition, the nests are arranged in a multi-row checkerboard pattern.

What is new in the claimed invention is: - implementation of a device for placing and serving fruits in the form of a chain conveyor with plates with nests fixed on it, with the possibility of fixing them relative to the crossbar with brawls; - the presence of a mechanism for shaking out the pulp in the form of a flat spring attached to the rod of the pneumatic cylinder; - the presence of a mechanism for breaking off the bones, which includes strings that are stretched in the middle of the support plates under the traverse; 70 - the presence of a rinsing device, which is made in the form of a collector with several rows of pipes that have nozzles located under each socket.

The declared technical result is achieved by a set of essential features and is explained as follows.

Making a device for placing and serving fruits in the form of a chain conveyor with plates with nests fixed on it, as well as fixing the plates at the moment of the working stroke of the traverse with the brawls, allows 7/5 to accurately dedent each brawl relative to the nests in the plates and increase the productivity of the machine by increasing the number of bones that are removed in one working move of the traverse with fights.

The presence of a mechanism for shaking out the pulp in the form of a flat spring, without direct contact with the pulp, as well as a special construction of nests with rubber liners, which have a cut in the form of a cross at the bottom, which is oriented relative to the petals of the beater, ensures less destruction of the fruit pulp.

When separating the bone from the pulp, a certain amount of juice flows from the latter. One part of the juice enters the chute compatible with the bones, and the other remains on the rubber inserts. The rinser washes the slots and plates when they are on the reverse side of the chain conveyor. Bones that did not get into the tray and hung, are removed by the mechanism of separation of bones.

The essence of the invention is explained by the drawing, where: Fig. 1 - general view of the machine, Fig. 2 - top view, Fig. 3 - end view, Fig. 4 - section along AA, Fig. 5 - rubber insert, top view . о о о The machine includes a bed 1, which is made of stainless steel and is mounted on four screw supports 2, which allow to compensate for unevenness of the shop floor. Bearing units of chain conveyor shafts (87 of conveyor 3, loading hopper 4, cylindrical brush 5 with electric drive 6, guides 7 for plates y of chain conveyor З, guides 8 of traverse 9, which has fights 10 and a repelling plate 11, pneumatic drive 12 of chain are fixed on frame 1 conveyor C, pneumatic cylinders 13 and 14 of the mechanism for fixing the plates, pneumatic cylinder 15 of the drive of the crossbar 9, the mechanism for separating the bones 16 that have not separated from the pulp, the mechanism for shaking out the pulp 17 with the drive from the pneumatic cylinder 18 and the rinsing device 19, bone collection unit 48 and pulp collection unit 49.

The chain conveyor Z has two chains 20 that go around the stars 21, which are located in pairs on four shafts 22 and on which plates 23 with nests 39 for fruits are fixed. "

The loading hopper 4 has a rear wall 24, which is set at an angle to the horizon, which ensures that the cherry fruits slide from c with their feeding into the nests 39 of the plates 23 of the chain conveyor C and two side vertical walls 25. The cylindrical brush 5 is installed in the bearing supports 26 and 27, which are attached to the frame 1 and located at some distance from the loading hopper 4 and solves the problem of pushing back into the hopper 4 the cherry fruits that did not fall into the nests 39. - And the traverse 9 is built from two plates 28 and 29, which are fastened together with screws. In the plate 28 there are profiled holes for the strikers 10, which makes it possible to orient them equally relative to the plate, and the removal of the second plate 29 allows replacing any striker 10 if it is damaged or for sharpening. The traverse 9 is attached to the rod of the pneumatic cylinder 15 and can be moved, and its orientation is provided by the guides 30. - The pneumatic cylinder 15 is fixed on the frame 1 with the help of a frame 31. The mechanism of separation of the bones 1 b o is structurally made in the form of strings 32, which tighten the middle of the support plates 33 , which make up the plates 23 of the chain conveyor Z in the place under the traverse, which makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the plates 23 and, in general, the material capacity of the machine.

The mechanism for shaking out the pulp 17 is structurally made in the form of a flat spring 34, which is attached to the rod of the pneumatic cylinder, and has pads 35 made of elastic material, for example, rubber, at the ends. Corps

P pneumatic cylinder 18 is fixed on the frame 1 using a frame-type support. The rinsing device 19 is made in the form of a collector 36 from several rows of pipes, which have nozzles 37, which are located under each nest 39 in the plates 23. The plates 23 are structurally made of several details: the lower plate 38 serves as a support for the nests 39 in the form of hemispherical caps , which are made either stamped from stainless steel or from polymer materials. The sockets 39 have a hole larger than a cherry pit from the bottom, and a resistance rim with slots on top that allow the rubber insert 40 to be fixed against rotation.

The rubber liner 40 is also made in the form of a hemisphere with a rim that has two radial projections 65 on the lower side. At the top of the hemisphere, the rubber insert 40 has a cut in the form of a cross. The plates 38, in addition to the holes for the nests 39, also have longitudinal grooves, which include the protrusions of the rubber inserts 40, which makes it possible to accurately orient the cross-shaped cuts in relation to the cutting edges of the strikers 10.

From above, the set, which consists of the lower plate 38, nests 39 in the form of caps, and inserts 40, is covered with a cover 41 and fastened with screws 42 with hemispherical heads, which also serve as a guide for cherry fruits when they enter the nests.

In addition, the complex plate 23 has stops 43 at the ends, with the help of which the plates 23 are moved along the machine and, thus, the entire chain conveyor 3 is moved, as well as pads with holes 44, due to which the plates 23 are fixed.

The pneumatic drive 12 for moving the plates 23 of the chain conveyor Z (chain conveyor drive) is made in the 7/0 type of pneumatic cylinder 45, the body of which is fixed on the bed 1, and a rod 46 with rotary hooks 47 is attached to the rod. The rod moves with its ends along the guides of the bed 1.

The mechanism for fixing the plates 23 during the working stroke of the traverse is made in the form of two pneumatic cylinders 13 and 14, the bodies of which are attached to the frame 1, and conical-cylindrical strikers 10 are fixed on the rods, which enter the holes of the plates and thus fix the plates relative to the traverse, which ensures exact alignment of the fights 10/5 of the traverse 9 and the sockets 39 of the plates 23.

The machine works like this.

The pneumatic cylinder 45 of the drive 12 for moving the plates 23 is activated. It moves the rod 46 with the catches 47 back and the latter pass over the stops 43 of the plates 23. When the rod of the pneumatic cylinder 45 is retracted, the catches 47 come into contact with the stops 43 of the plates 23 and move them one step . After that, a command is sent to activate other pneumatic cylinders. At the same time, the pneumatic cylinders 13 and 14 of fixing the plates 23 fix them relative to the bed 1 and, accordingly, the crossbar 9. The pneumatic cylinder 15 of the crossbar 9 makes the working stroke of the crossbar 9 down and raises it to the upper position. The pneumatic cylinder 18 for shaking out the pulp makes a blow on the belt of the chain conveyor Z, and the flat spring 34 comes into an oscillating motion and makes several more blows.

When the traverse 9 with the strikers 10 comes to the upper position, the pneumatic cylinders 13 and 14 of the mechanism for fixing the plates 23 retract their rods and fix the plates 23, and also give a command to the pneumatic cylinder 45 to move the plates 23 to the next stroke and so on, a continuous step movement of all mechanisms is carried out according except for the cylindrical brush 5, which works constantly.

Cherry fruits are fed into the loading hopper 4, which slide along the profiled back wall 24 and fall into the nests 39 of the plates 23. The fruits that did not fall into the nests 39 are pushed back by the brush 5 and fall into other free nests 39. -

When the bar 9 moves downward, the punches 10 cut the flesh of the fruit, capture the stone and push it out through the cross cut in the rubber liners 40 and, accordingly, through the holes in the sockets 39. The stone either falls down into the tray of the stone collection unit 48, or hangs. When the beater 10 moves up, it picks up the pulp and raises it to the repulsive plate 11, which has a cross-shaped hole and removes the pulp from the beater 10. The pulp again falls into the nest 39, but lies freely in it ( not pinched), which allows the pulp to fall out of the nest 29 when the plate 23 is turned over and get to the pulp collection unit 49. If for any reason the pulp did not fall out of the nest 39, the pulp shaking mechanism 17 will shake out Her from nest 39.

The rinsing device 19 washes the nests 39 and 23 when they are on the reverse side of the plates of the chain conveyor 3. The path is changed by the number of nests 39 in the plates 23 of the chain conveyor C, according to the number of fights 10 in the traverse 9, or the number of traverses 9, which work at the same time, you can build the necessary machine;" productivity.

All working bodies and other parts of the machine can be opened and their sanitary processing can be carried out without disassembly, which makes it possible to meet all requirements for the sanitary condition of the machine. - And the proposed invention provides sufficiently high performance. o g- For g is x | that and x U o IN esttyaky Che AT

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Claims (2)

Formula of the invention "c) 1. A machine for removing pits from cherry fruits, containing a frame on which a loading hopper is installed, a mechanism for removing pits in the form of a crossbar with brawls and a drive, a cylindrical brush, a device for placing and serving fruits, nodes for collecting and removing pits and m "yakoti and drive, which is distinguished by the fact that it is additionally equipped with a mechanism for shaking out the pulp in the form of a flat spring attached to the rod of a pneumatic cylinder, a mechanism for breaking off the bones, which includes strings that are stretched inside the supporting plates under the traverse, a rinsing device made in the form of a collector with several rows of pipes, which have nozzles located under each nest, and the device for placing and serving fruits is made in the form of a conveyor belt with plates with nests fixed on it, with the possibility of fixing them relative to the "" crossbar with chains, and each socket is made in the form of a hemispherical cap with a rubber insert in the form of a hemisphere, with a cross a similar cut on the top. 2. The machine according to claim 1, which differs in that the sockets are arranged in a multi-row checkerboard. - and o Official Bulletin "Industrial Property". Book 1 "Inventions, useful models, topographies of integrated microcircuits", 2004, M 10, 15.10.2004. State Department of Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. - 70 (42) 60 b5