UA68252A - A method for water decontamination - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for water decontamination involves treatment of water in biological ponds planted with flagroots Acorus calamus and broad-leaved reed mace Typha latifolia.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to a method of water disinfection by higher plants in natural conditions and can be used at small and larger stations for the purification of domestic and industrial water, as well as at stations for the preparation of water for technological and domestic water.

In the practice of disinfecting purified wastewater from viruses, a radical method that would be used for these purposes is unknown. Purified wastewater is disinfected with chlorine agents, ozone, ultrasound using acoustic means - an ultrasonic generator, or cavitation processes.

The use of chlorinating agents leads to the formation of a whole complex of organochlorine compounds in natural reservoirs, which negatively affect both the hydrobiont associations growing in them and the health of people.

The use of ultrasound, cavitation, ultraviolet radiation and ozone in the practice of water disinfection at water treatment facilities leads to a doubling of the cost of water treatment, and the disinfection processes themselves are not always reliable. 19 Methods of further treatment of water are also proposed, for example, wastewater that has undergone preliminary treatment at classic treatment facilities, in facilities planted with higher aquatic vegetation, for example, in bioponds.

It is known that some higher aquatic plants, for example, gorse, gorse, mannik, release their specific phytoncides into the water and have a detrimental effect on both pathogenic microflora and viruses (L.F. Lukina, M.N. Smirnova. Physiology of higher aquatic plants Scientific Thought Publishing House, Kyiv, 1988, p. 136).

The closest to the proposed method in terms of technical essence and achievable effect is the method of wastewater treatment, which includes water treatment in reservoirs that are planted with higher vegetation, as well as evergreen sedge - I edit raiyizige and black alder Aipiz dishipozyz (AS USSR Mo916438, cl. СО2ЕЗ3/32, 1982). Perennial herbaceous plants with a well-developed root system, as well as aquatic plants, such as reeds, are used as higher vegetation. Grassy vegetation ensures the sorption of various dissolved substances from the water flow, assimilating them, and creates conditions for the development of an adapted microfauna of green and other types of algae, as a result of which the water is saturated with oxygen. Bogulnik produces and releases into the environment (through the roots, leaves, branches and flowers) powerful antibacterial substances that have a bactericidal effect against various pathogens - tuberculosis, rheumatism, bronchial asthma, dysentery, etc. According to this method, the flow of water to be cleaned and disinfected is directed to the plants in such a way that the water wets only the root system of the plants. The period of contact between water and plants, depending on the season, is 2-12 hours of sunlight.

The method described above has significant drawbacks. high school

Firstly, the term of water disinfection by this method is quite long. This is due to the fact that, at night, the vegetative processes of sedum and black alder slow down to zero and 3o essential oil substances cease to be released, i.e., water disinfection is not carried out at night. In addition, in winter, when the leaves and branches die off, the water disinfection process in such buildings stops completely. It slows down the disinfection of water and the fact that the water to be disinfected comes into contact only with the root system of the sycamore and black alder, for the reason that they cannot be completely in the water, and this leads to the creation of a "large sanitary gap zone." C 50 Secondly, the virucidal effect of the plants used in this method is insignificant, because phytoncides, which have a harmful effect on viruses, are released only by the roots of higher plants, for example, sedum, and sedum and black alder

"Iz" mainly disinfects pathogenic microflora.

The basis of the claimed invention is the task of creating a method of further purification of water with the help of such higher water plants that would intensify the process of water purification by round-the-clock disinfection during all seasons of the year, as well as increase the disinfection effect in relation to viruses. b The task is solved due to the fact that in the method of water disinfection, which includes treatment

Ge | water in biological ponds planted with higher aquatic vegetation, as higher aquatic vegetation, marsh sedum Asogyza saiatis and broad-leaved sedge Turpa Iaiyoia are used as higher aquatic vegetation. o In reservoirs planted with marsh sedge and broad-leaved ryegrass, the water disinfection process of sl 20 is carried out throughout the day and in all seasons of the year, because marsh sedge and broad-leaved ryegrass can use dissolved oxygen in the water at night to continue the vegetation process and thus from continue the decontamination process around the clock. In the autumn-winter period, after dropping the leaves and the death of the stem, the vegetation process in them does not slow down due to the fact that they throw out fake arrows of growth, due to which during the entire period there is an intensive accumulation of mineral substances and, of course, there is a constant release of 29 ethereal oily substances that have a harmful effect on both pathogenic microflora and viruses. Thus, aiir v. swamp and broad-leaved ryegrass intensify the disinfection process and improve the quality of water purification from viruses. The most pronounced antimicrobial and antiviral effect is observed in Asogpz saiativ - marsh ayru. In laboratory conditions, the activity of extracts from higher aquatic plants (marsh sedge and broad-leaved cattail) was studied against Sebin type I poliomyelitis viruses (strain P-712, sp. 2 - a, B). The data of 60 antiviral activity of ryegrass and cattail are shown in Table 1. against Sebin type II poliomyelitis viruses (strain P-712, sp 2 -a,c) 65 Plant name Initial virus titer (BUO/ml) Residual infectivity of the virus (BUO/ml) Inhibition efficiency, 90 -D-

Asogiv sciatica | (marsh duckweed) (1.21 x 0.73)41105 (4.5 x 50.5) 103 99.98

Tura aiyoia I. (broad-leaved ryegrass) (1.2150.73)109 (2.05 x0.96)103 90.36

An example of the implementation of the method.

At the water treatment facilities, a pond for further purification and disinfection of treated wastewater was built for 3,000 m3/day, which was planted with broad-leaved cattails at the entrance, and with marsh sedge at the exit. The pond was filled with household water, which was previously purified in a biological purification system (for example, in sedimentation tanks, aeration tanks, secondary sedimentation tanks, bypassing the stage of chlorination or partial chlorination. 70 The operation of the pond was carried out in all seasons of the year. In summer (table 2) and winter under the conditions (table 3) at the entrance, where broad-leaved ryegrass was planted, and at the exit, planted with marsh yarrow, water samples were taken in the middle of the thickets of both associations. The study of the dynamics of inactivation of Sebin type I poliomyelitis viruses (strain P-712, sp 2 - ab) established , that the water that passes through the thickets and along the root system of broadleaf cattail and marsh sedge is freed from viruses. The effect obtained in experiments carried out in 75 industrial conditions confirms the fact of natural self-purification of water and is much higher than the results of chemical and physical disinfection methods water

Table 2

Data from experiments that were conducted in industrial conditions in the summer

Mo sample Characteristics of higher aquatic vegetation Dynamics of virus inactivation at: 1 Entrance to the biopond (10750,31)1025 (5.4510,49)10 | (4.05044)10. 93.43 96.65 96.85 2 Water bio-pond (79550.27)10 )(3.4150.39)10. o (marsh cattail) 95.12 97.90 100 3 Water bio-pond (broad-leaved ryegrass) (4.3250.44)10 |(2.7250.35)10. 7,530.19 « 97.34 98.33 99.40 4 Exit from the bio-pond (B.2250, A48)10 (3.18:50.38)10 | (2.5:50.11)10. 96.79 98.05 98.03

Note: " - numerator - residual infectivity of Sebin type II poliomyelitis virus c (strain P - 712, si, 2ab) BUI/ml; s "- - denominator - efficiency of virus inactivation, in 95. (Ce)

Table C

Data from experiments that were conducted in industrial conditions in the summer

Mo of the sample Characteristics of higher aquatic vegetation Dynamics of virus inactivation on: « and З 1 Entrance to the biopond (4.7750,AT)107 (4.050.45)10 | (2.7250.35)10. s 95237 99.54 99.67 m y y - i z" 2 Water bio-pond (broad-leaved ryegrass) (5.68:50 5102 (20504110. 2.0550.3 94.32 99.77 99.75

C Water of the biopond (bog air) (21550 35102 (22750.32)10 (2.0250.35)10. 97.25 99.74 99.76 (22) A Output from the biopond (21250 3BMUO2 (18250.28). 10 (0.86:50.41) 10. 97.28 99.79 99.89 (ee) у Note: с 50 7 - numerator - residual infectivity of Sebin type II poliomyelitis virus (strain P - 712, si, 2ab) IU/ml;

With "- - the denominator is the efficiency of virus inactivation, in 95.

From the above, it can be concluded that the use of natural processes of disinfection of purified wastewater in biological ponds with certain species of higher aquatic plants opens up the possibility of their wide implementation in water treatment, in facilities for deep wastewater treatment with their simultaneous use. disinfection

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention A method of water disinfection, which includes the treatment of water in biological ponds planted with higher aquatic vegetation, which differs in that Asogyza saiativ and broad-leaved rush Turpa Iaiyoia are planted as higher aquatic vegetation. for the Official Bulletin "Industrial Property". Book 1 "Inventions, useful models, topographies of integrated microcircuits", 2004, M 7, 15.07.2004. State Department of Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. « s yu s s (Se) shi s s (22) (ee) name) s 50 Ko) 60 b5