UA67944U - Device for cavitation treatment of liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for cavitation treatment of liquid has a tube filled with liquid on the forming surface of which ultrasonic emitters are installed, piezoelectric transformers of those are electrically connected to the output of generator of electric vibrations within one section in such a way that in the tube resonance radial-bend vibrations are generated. Emitters connected to ultrasonic transformers with threaded joint and arranged as a knife-like concentrator of vibrations, fixed on the tube with rigid connection of the ends of the knife-like concentrators to flats arranged at the side surface of the tube by generatrixes, and the interval between the ultrasonic transformers of neighboring sections is equal to half of wavelength of resonance long-bend vibrations in the tube – at counter-phase connection to generator and wavelength of resonance long-bend vibrations in the tube – at sin-phase connection to generator. In the tube with emitters along the axis an additional tube is installed with input and output for liquid flow, its diameter is equal to deformation half-wave in liquid, at that the cavity between the tubes is made hermetic and is filled with pre-gassed liquid.

Description

The utility model belongs to the technical use of ultrasonic energy and can be used in various industries, in particular in processes that take place in a liquid environment, for example, in the purification of liquids from microorganisms, suspended mechanical particles, petroleum products, organic chemical reagents and mineral salts, for the treatment of wastewater , biological liquid media, milk, etc.

The role of physical influencing factors for liquid processing is increasing. Ultrasonic methods of intensification of technological processes, which strongly change the physicochemical properties of liquids and solutions, have become especially widespread in various industries, allowing to effectively influence a number of technological processes. Various types of ultrasonic devices are used to implement methods of physical impact on various technological processes. The designs of these devices depend on the technical requirements imposed during the specific development of the process. The fulfillment of these requirements often requires the solution of complex, opposing design and technological problems. The effectiveness of the impact on the technological process depends on the choice of the design of the device for impact on liquid media.

A well-known cylindrical ultrasonic emitter (Hershgal D.A. Ultrasonic technological equipment. - M.: Znergia, 1976. - p. 202, fig. 8-16), which has a glass with flat protrusions on the outer surface, piezo plates, which are paired pressed to the latter with pads using clamps that are connected to each other with bolts, while each pair of piezo plates forms a folded (package) piezo transducer.

However, the well-known cylindrical radiator has a complex manufacturing technology (the need to form plane-parallel spacers on the protrusions of the outer cylindrical surface, to assemble all piezo elements at once that are clamped by clamps). In addition, the simultaneous compression of all piezo elements (with one large hoop) leads to the fact that it is impossible to optimally assemble (compress with its optimal effort) each piezo transducer, which will reduce their electroacoustic efficiency and their service life, which also are further reduced due to the damping of the oscillations of each piezo transducer by clamps. As a result, it will also reduce the degree of processing of the liquid. Converters are repaired by disassembling the entire hoop.

Known Device for ultrasonic cavitation treatment of liquid (patent of Ukraine Mo 55279А, МПК СО21/36, СО2Е1/48, АЕ11И 2/02, 2003), which contains a tube for liquid, which is clamped from the sides through gaskets with arc-shaped depressions by ultrasonic emitters, electrically connected connected with the output of the generator, which in turn are in contact through the crackers with bolts resting on the clamping system, differs in that the ultrasonic emitters are made in the form of folded piezoelectric ones, the radiating pad of which serves as an arc, and each cracker is made in the form of a glass , which covers the ultrasonic emitter and its bottom is in contact with the bolt through the ball, and with the edges through the vibration isolation washer it is in contact with the collar, the latter is made in the radiating overlay in the place of minimum amplitudes of oscillations of the assembled ultrasonic emitter, while the pressure system is made in the form of a closed clamp covering the pipe , and the ultrasonic emitters are connected to the generator as follows in this way: with an odd number or two - in-phase, with an even number - adjacent ones are connected in anti-phase.

In the known device, due to the mechanical load (pressure) of the ultrasonic transducers, their Q-factor drops, heating losses increase. Designing emitters with sufficiently large arc-shaped contact surfaces with the pipe dampens resonant bending vibrations, which reduces the degree of liquid treatment. During long-term operation, due to contact pairs triggering, fatigue of the structural elements of the clamping system, the clamping force decreases, and the ultrasonic energy transmitted into the liquid drops uncontrollably. The absence of a standard for the distance between the emitters along the length of the pipe can dampen the longitudinal bending vibrations that occur when the radial bending vibrations are excited by separate groups (joined by a clamp) of emitters, which will also reduce the degree of liquid processing. A complex clamping system, the need to disassemble all parts of the clamp when replacing one emitter complicates repairs.

The device for cavitation liquid treatment (patent

of Ukraine Mo 81605 C2, IPC СО2Е1/36, СО2Е1/48, АЭ112/02, 2006), which contains a pipe filled with liquid, which is in contact on the sides with the emitters of assembled ultrasonic transducers, fixed on the pipe and electrically connected to the output of the generator of electric vibrations within one section so that resonant radial bending vibrations are excited in the pipe, differs in that the emitters are connected to the ultrasonic transducers with a threaded connection and are made in the form of a knife-like concentrator of vibrations, fixed on the pipe by rigidly connecting the ends of the knife-like concentrators to the cotters, made on the side surface of the pipe along the generators, while the interval between the ultrasonic transducers of the adjacent sections is equal to half the wavelength of resonant longitudinal bending vibrations in the pipe - in case of anti-phase connection with the generator and the wavelength of resonant longitudinal bending vibrations in the pipe - in case of in-phase connection with the generator. Additionally, the knife-shaped concentrator can expand towards the pipe.

In the known device, thanks to the cylindrical surface of the pipe, the concentration of ultrasonic energy is observed along the axis of the pipe. As a result, maximum liquid processing efficiency will be achieved in the central part of the pipe along its axis. But, if the inner diameter of the pipe is equal to or a multiple of the length of the ultrasonic wave in the liquid, then in the cross section of the pipe in the liquid there will be zones of low intensity of ultrasonic treatment (near the inner surface of the pipe, where no concentration of energy is observed), as well as zones where at all cavitation phenomena are not observed (near the nodal points of the deformation wave).

Therefore, in this device, only the volume of liquid that passed through the central part of the pipe along its axis will be effectively processed. In addition, the cavitation layer that occurs on the inner surface of the tube absorbs and dissipates the ultrasonic energy, reducing its amount reaching the central part, that is, the part where the maximum processing efficiency takes place. It is not possible to get rid of the cavitation layer under normal conditions, since cavitation seeds are always present in the flowing liquid in the form of, for example, undissolved air.

In the absence of germs, cavitation is not observed at all and the specified device becomes inoperable, i.e. the purpose of the Device is to increase the level of cavitation.

The useful model is based on the task of improving the device for liquid treatment, which will allow to increase the degree of ultrasonic cavitation treatment of the liquid in the device, which contains a pipe for the liquid, which is in contact from the sides with ultrasonic transducers, the latter must be mechanically connected to the pipe so as to ensure effective and reliable excitation of radial bending vibrations in the pipe, and the distance between groups of ultrasonic transducers united within the same diameter, the order of their electrical connection to the generator, and the mechanical contact of the ends of the pipe with the pipeline should not dampen these vibrations.

To solve the given problem in a device for processing liquid containing a pipe filled with liquid, on the forming surface of which ultrasonic emitters are installed,

The piezoelectric transducers of which are electrically connected to the output of the generator of electrical oscillations within one section, so that resonant radial bending oscillations are excited in the pipe, the emitters are connected to the ultrasonic transducers by a threaded connection and are made in the form of a knife-shaped concentrator of oscillations, fixed on the pipe by rigidly connecting the ends of the knife-like concentrators to the strips made on the side surface of the pipe along the generator, while the interval between the ultrasonic transducers of the adjacent sections is equal to half the wavelength of the resonant longitudinal bending vibrations in the pipe - with antiphase connection with the generator and the wavelength of the resonant longitudinal bending vibrations in pipe - with a common-phase connection with the generator, according to the invention, an additional pipe with an inlet and an outlet for the flow of liquid is installed inside the pipe with emitters along the axis, the diameter of which is equal to half of the deformation wave in the liquid, and the cavity between the pipes is made airtight and filled with pre-degassed liquid.

Installation of an additional pipe along the axis of the pipe with ultrasonic emitters allows the entire flow of liquid to pass through the zone of maximum intensity of ultrasonic cavitation. Ultrasonic energy will now reach this zone with minimal losses, since the degassed liquid, in which there are no cavitation nuclei and which fills the hermetic volume between the tubes, will not allow the formation of a cavitation layer on the inner surface of the tube with the emitters. The use of an inner tube with a diameter equal to half the length of the ultrasonic deformation wave in the liquid will allow to install the inner tube along the line of nodes of the deformation wave and, thus, avoid the reflection of the liquid from the surface of this tube and, accordingly, avoid the destruction of the ultrasonic field with the concentration of ultrasonic energy in the central part.

The essence of the useful model is explained by the drawing, where in fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of the device, and fig. 2 shows the cross-section A-A of the structure.

The device consists of a pipe 1, on the outer surface of which assembled ultrasonic emitters 2 are installed. The ultrasonic emitters are installed in sections, each of which is placed in the antagonism of the longitudinal bending wave Z deformation, which is installed along the length of the pipe (Fig. 1). Along the diameter of the pipe 1, the ultrasonic emitters, as in the prototype, are installed in the bundles of the resonant radial bending wave of the deformation, which is installed in the pipe. Ultrasonic emitters, as in the prototype, are appropriately connected to the electric oscillation generator (not shown in the diagram). Emitters 2 are rigidly attached to the surface of pipe 1. Pipe 4 with flanges is installed along the axis of pipe 1. Between pipes 1 and 4, a hermetic cavity 5 is formed, which is filled with degassed liquid. The diameter of the inner pipe is chosen in such a way that it is equal to the diameter of the nodal line of the deformation waves installed in the cross section of the structure (Fig. 2).

In addition, the device is equipped with a screw-shaped fixed insert 6, which is placed in the pipe 4 for the flow of liquid at the entrance, which is made on the outside of the sealed inter-pipe cavity 5.

The device works as follows. When high-frequency voltage is supplied from the generator of electrical vibrations to the ultrasonic emitters 2, the latter begin to vibrate, exciting longitudinal mechanical oscillations. As a result, a resonance wave of deformation is established along the length of the emitters. Due to the presence in the emitters of an ultrasonic speed transformer, the design of which allows installing the emitter on the surface of the pipe with minimal losses, the output end of the emitter, which is in contact with the surface of the pipe 1, oscillates with a sufficiently large amplitude, transmitting the oscillations to the pipe 1. At the same time, the dimensions of the pipe are selected as follows thus, resonant radial bending and longitudinal bending vibrations are excited in the pipe. Oscillations of the pipe 1 lead to the emission of ultrasonic energy into the liquid filling the pipe. A standing wave of deformation is formed in the liquid. Ultrasonic energy is concentrated in the central part of the pipe and along its axis. The inner pipe 4 passes through the nodal line of the standing wave of deformation and therefore does not destroy the ultrasonic field in the liquid, but only separates the zone of increased intensity of ultrasonic energy in the liquid. Therefore, the liquid pumped through the inner pipe 4 will be under the influence of high-intensity ultrasonic energy. As a result, cavitation will develop in the liquid pumped through pipe 4, which will allow for effective processing of the liquid, for example, disinfecting it, activating or destroying the crystal lattice of salts. At the same time, a minimal level of cavitation will occur in the liquid that fills the hermetic cavity 5 between the pipes, as a result of its degassing and, accordingly, the elimination of cavitation germs. Due to the absence of cavitation in the chamber 5, the ultrasonic energy will reach the pipe 4 with minimal losses, that is, with maximum efficiency, since the losses are caused by the absorption and dispersion of ultrasonic energy in the cavitating two-phase medium. At the same time, the liquid pumped through pipe 4 is saturated with germs

From cavitation and under the influence of powerful ultrasonic energy introduced to it, it will be effectively cavitationally processed.

The use of a screw-like insert in the pipe along which the liquid moves allows you to twist the flow of liquid in the pipe and, thus, increase the time of the liquid being within the influence of the ultrasonic energy entering the flow pipe from the sealed cavity. The swirling of the liquid flow turbulates the flow, mixes it and, thus, contributes to increasing the probability of complete cavitation treatment of the liquid in the ultrasonic field. Placing the screw-shaped insert outside the sealed chamber avoids the reflection of ultrasonic waves from the inclined surfaces of the insert, which can lead to the destruction of the ultrasonic waves installed in the device.

The proposed design of the useful model will provide the most effective cavitation treatment of the liquid pumped through the inner pipe.

Claims (4)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. A device for cavitation treatment of a liquid containing a pipe filled with liquid, on the forming surface of which ultrasonic emitters are installed, the piezoelectric transducers of which are electrically connected to the output of the generator of electric oscillations within one section, so that resonant radial waves are excited in the pipe - bending oscillations, the emitters are connected to the ultrasonic transducers by a threaded connection and are made in the form of a knife-shaped concentrator of oscillations, fixed on the pipe by rigidly connecting the ends of the knife-shaped concentrators to the strips made on the side surface of the pipe along the lines, while the interval between the ultrasonic transducers of adjacent sections is equal to half the wavelength of resonant longitudinal bending oscillations in the pipe - in case of anti-phase connection with the generator and the wavelength of resonant longitudinal bending oscillations in the pipe - in case of in-phase connection with the generator, which differs in that an additional pipe is installed inside the pipe with emitters along the axis with an inlet and an outlet for a liquid flow, the diameter of which is equal to half of the deformation wave in the liquid, and the cavity between the pipes is sealed and filled with pre-degassed liquid. 2. The device according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that it is additionally equipped with a screw-like fixed insert, which is placed in the pipe for the flow of liquid at the entrance, which is made from the outside of the sealed inter-tube cavity. What dreams that t And this and GrKoya kr SHHI sht still your shi A-A ve ! I'm OK with them 4. ME ZASAMshchi KOS Zhe t Orpe MO still zh i an Z M y sho I M 1st schi nya and y dov KI for shk . art Dr. date Х 7 D. bl A A KO, A ee B ks Y yog ayu Nu Sh- BO» ey Ystlyae shh sho t t YANino p. and ID 1 is x tn. CHE K; shk -y vho i-y 'Uvechana ZHY vyho Tsotig V : TI and OV. This Batony in AI En et, rya in She shi ke I Me Oschch b MU d I i se zhi i a nih nyn 4 t write 2: Fig: 1 Fig?