UA65144A - Method for adjusting the hydraulic resistance of a shock absorber during its operation - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for adjusting the hydraulic resistance of a shock absorber including forced overflow of the working fluid through the small flow sections from the rod-free area into rod area and vice versa. Flow areas with variable capacity are formed, which are changed by changing the difference in hydraulic pressure in the rod-free cavity and rod cavities, which appears at change of the load on the shock absorber.

Description

The invention relates to transport engineering, in particular, to shock-absorbing suspension devices and can be used in front and rear shock absorbers of cars and other equipment.

There are known methods of adjusting the hydraulic resistance of shock absorbers by using adjusting devices that have fixed positions and an external device that switches. For example, in shock absorbers

Bilstein's work stiffness is regulated by the rotation of the roller, which passes through the rod and opens or closes the piston's capacity in one direction or another, and has fixed stiffness positions. The disadvantage of the known methods is that the adjusting device can only set a certain amount of stiffness, which does not change during the operation of the shock absorber, and accordingly, low operational reliability when the car moves on undulating surfaces; shaking, shocks and discomfort at medium and high speeds; instability and poor controllability of the car on roads with a high frequency of oscillations.

The purpose of the proposed invention is to increase the operational reliability of the shock absorber, the stability and comfort of the car when driving in difficult road conditions, due to a new method of ensuring the stiffness of the shock absorber under different road conditions and depending on the car load.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the method of adjusting the stiffness of the shock absorber during its operation, which includes the forced flow of the working fluid through small cross-sections from the rodless region to the rod region and vice versa, according to the invention, cross-sections with variable throughput are created, which are changed by changing the difference in hydraulic pressure in the rodless and rod cavities, which occurs when the load on the shock absorber changes.

At the same time, the stiffness of the shock absorber increases or decreases depending on the increase or decrease of the pressure difference in the rod and rodless cavities of the shock absorber. When the pressure difference between the rod and rodless cavities increases, the resistance force of the shock absorber increases, accordingly, when the pressure difference decreases, the resistance force of the shock absorber decreases.

Fig. 1 shows a general view of the design of the shock absorber, which allows the implementation of the claimed method.

In Fig. 2 - the design of the node with the regulating device on an enlarged scale.

The shock absorber consists of a shock absorber rod 1, a working cylinder 2, an external tank 3, an upper monoblock 4, which is a rod guide and a seal, a piston 5, an adjusting piston 10, spring-loaded with a spring 14, an adjusting rod 11, a cylinder 16 with an adjusting nut 15.

The method is carried out as follows.

During compression, piston 1 of the shock absorber goes down, and eyelet 19 goes up. At the same time, the working fluid from the rodless cavity 17, overcoming the small resistance of the washer 7 through the channels b in the piston 5, passes into the rod cavity 18. Part of the working fluid is displaced by the volume of the shock absorber rod from the rodless cavity through the channels 13 into the external tank 3, thereby compressing the gas , which is in it.

When the shock absorber is unzipped (recoil movement), the rod 1 of the shock absorber goes up, and the eyelet 19 goes down. At the same time, the channels 6 in the piston 5 are covered by a spring-loaded washer 7. The liquid through the dosing hole 8 enters the channel 9 inside the rod 1 of the shock absorber and passes to the dosing piston 10, where it meets greater resistance, passing through the dosing gap between the inner walls of the dosing piston 10 and the dosing rod 11, after which, through the channels 12, the cylinder 16 exits into the rodless cavity 17. Part of the liquid is displaced by gas 20 and passes through the channels 13 from the external tank C into the rodless cavity 17. With sharp increases in the load, the working fluid creates pressure on the regulating piston 10, which exceeds the pressure springs 14 and the regulating piston 10 moves down. At the same time, the regulating rod 11 goes deeper into the regulating piston 10, increasing the length of the gap between them, and, accordingly, reducing the throughput of the passage. At the same time, the resistance to the flow of liquid increases, which increases the resistance of the shock absorber.

Thus, the use of the proposed method has the following advantages:

Absence of delayed damping of the shock absorbers, the possibility of using softer shock absorbers for high-speed cars and maintaining the controllability of the car with heavy loads on the shock absorber.

There is no shaking and discomfort when driving the car on graders or roads covered with gravel. The controllability of the car under any road conditions is significantly increased.

Due to the application of the method, changing the throughput capacity of the cylinder and the device, the necessary parameters of changing stiffness and comfort for various cars and other equipment are achieved.

The proposed device is easily integrated into well-known designs of hydraulic and hydropneumatic shock absorbers of domestic and foreign cars.

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Claims (1)

The method of adjusting the hydraulic resistance of the shock absorber, which includes the forced flow of the working fluid through small passage sections from the rodless region to the rod region and vice versa, which is characterized by the fact that they form passage sections with variable throughput, which is changed by changing the difference in hydraulic pressures in the rodless and rod cavities, which occurs when the load on the shock absorber changes.