UA64923A - Perforator drill crown with hard-alloy insertions for equipping it - Google Patents

Abstract

Perforator drill crown with hard-alloy insertions for equipping it has housing, this comprises of a tail element and the head with unfastened on its edge main hard-alloy insertions; the working part of those goes out with respect to it, and with additional insertions placed in level with the end of the head and its conical side surface; those form at the periphery of the head cutting edge; at that the ratio of the value of radial displacement of the cutting edges of additional hard-alloy insertions with respect to the main ones, to the axial displacement of those, is within 0.4 and 1.0, and the working surface of the additional insertions is made with front negative angle within 5 DEGREE and 20 DEGREE . At the end of the head, in periphery, one applies one hard-alloy insertion, this comprises two forms - the main and the additional ones, and is arranged as a single part.

Description

The invention relates to a drilling tool of shock-rotation action, namely to hard alloy drill bits and bits for drilling with perforators and submersible pneumatic hammers, which are used in the extraction of solid minerals and the construction of underground mine workings.

On well-known drill bits, carbide inserts are located on the end of the body head, namely: - on blades (chisel, three-point, cross) - radially, - on pins (cylindrospherical or ballistic inserts) - on one or more concentric circles.

When drilling with both blade and pin bits, compressive stresses occur in the area of contact of carbide inserts with the rock. The closest in technical essence to the proposed perforator drill bit will be the perforator drill bit (application Me2002042893 dated 04.10.02), which ensures rock destruction under the influence of shear stresses on the periphery of the hole in the corner zone. This is achieved due to the fact that the crown contains a body consisting of a shank and a head with main carbide inserts fixed on its end, the working part of which protrudes relative to it, and additional ones located on the periphery of the head flush with its end and conical side surface, while the ratio of the value of the radial displacement of the cutting edge of the additional carbide inserts relative to the main ones to their axial displacement is in the range from 0.4 to 1.0, and the working surface of the additional inserts is made with a front negative angle from 5" to 20".

With such a constructive design of the drilling tool, according to the prototype, it is necessary to install an increased number of carbide inserts on the end of the head. High impact energy is required for effective operation of such a tool. In cases where the impact energy is insufficient, the drilling speed decreases and the wear of the crowns increases, especially when drilling strong mining rocks.

The invention is based on the task of creating a drill bit with fewer carbide inserts, which will increase the specific stress in the contact zone with the rock, the efficiency of drilling, and also reduce the cost of the drilling tool. This is achieved by the fact that instead of two forms of carbide inserts, main and additional, which are used to equip the known crown in two concentric circles, one carbide insert is used on the proposed tool, which consists of two forms of the main and additional and is made as a whole, thanks to which the number of inserts per crowns are almost two times smaller.

To solve this problem, a perforator drill bit containing a body consisting of a shank and a head with main carbide inserts fixed on its end, the working zone of which protrudes relative to it and additional inserts located on the periphery of the head flush with its end and conical side surface, is taken , while the ratio of the value of the radial displacement of the cutting edge of the additional carbide inserts relative to the main ones to their axial displacement is in the range from 0.4 to 1.0, and the working surface of the additional inserts is made with a front negative angle from 5" to 20".

According to the invention, one carbide insert is used on the periphery of the head of the crown, which consists of two forms, the main and the additional, and is made as a whole. One form of the single insert, which is located closer to the axis of the crown, is made in the form of a prism, body of rotation, and other bodies, and the second form creates a cutting edge on the periphery of the head. Between the two forms of the proposed carbide inserts there is a solder seam that connects them as one. Depending on the diameter of the tool, only the proposed carbide inserts are installed on the end of the head, or both proposed and known, for example, cylindroprismatic, cylindrospherical, ballistic and others, which are located in the central part on the end of the head.

The cause-and-effect relationship between the set of declared signs and the technical results achieved during their implementation is as follows.

The proposed technical solution makes it possible to perform drill bits with a minimum number of carbide inserts located on the tool body due to the fact that two inserts, which are different in design and functional purpose, are combined into one, which is made as a whole. This allows you to significantly increase the specific impact energy, drilling speed and stability of the tool. Due to the fact that the crown consists of a steel body and carbide inserts, the high cost of which determines the price of the crown, a significant reduction in their number allows to reduce costs for drilling tools. In addition, the crown with the proposed inserts creates a new effect when drilling, which consists in the fact that the protruding part of the insert and the cutting edge act on the rock at the same time. In the place of contact of the inserts with the rock, there is a mutual influence of two stress zones, which facilitates the destruction of the rock and reduces the energy consumption of the drilling process.

The invention is illustrated by a drawing, where Fig. 1 shows a side view of the proposed crown, and Fig. 2 shows a view of its working end. Similarly, Fig. 3 and 4, as well as Fig. 5 and 6 and 7 and 8 show the proposed crowns with other technical solutions, regarding the shape of hard alloy inserts and their location on the body.

According to the invention, one of the variants of the proposed crown is made in the form of a body, which consists of a shank 1 and a head 2, on the end of which the proposed hard alloy inserts 4 of a complex shape, made as a whole, are fixed. The shape of the inserts consists of two parts, namely: one that protrudes relative to the end of the head and is located closer to the axis of the crown, which is made in the form of, for example, a prism 5 (Fig. 1 and 2), 6 (Fig. 3 and 4), and 7 (Fig. 7, 8), the body of rotation 8 (Fig. 5, 6) and other shaped bodies and the second one, which creates a cutting edge 9 on the periphery of the head.

The proposed shaped inserts are made of hard alloy, and in some cases, there may be a soldered seam 10 between two parts of the inserts, which connects them as a whole. On crowns of large diameters, when the proposed peripheral inserts do not ensure destruction of the rock in the center of the hole, well-known forms of inserts are used, for example, cylindroprismatic, cylindrospherical, ballistic 11 and others.

The offered drill bits work like this. When drilling, carbide inserts simultaneously destroy the end face and the periphery of the hole, due to which there is a mutual influence of stresses in the contact zone, which enhances the effect of large chipping, reduces energy consumption and increases the speed of the drilling process. The value of this effect is especially felt when drilling with perforators with low impact energy, such as manual ones, or when the pressure of the compressed air supplied to the perforator drops.

Thus, the proposed drill bits allow effective drilling in conditions with insufficient energy supply.

The presented data justify the possibility of solving the given problem and the industrial application of the declared drilling tool.

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Claims (4)

1. Perforator drill bit with carbide inserts for its equipment, containing a body consisting of a shank and a head with main carbide inserts unfastened on its end, the working part of which protrudes relative to it, and additional inserts located flush with the end of the head and its conical side surface, which form a cutting edge on the periphery of the head, while the ratio of the radial displacement of the cutting edge of the additional carbide inserts relative to the main ones to their axial displacement is in the range from 0.4 to 1.0, and the working surface of the additional inserts is made with a front negative angle from 5" to 20", which differs in that one hard alloy insert is used on the end of the head along the periphery, which consists of two forms - the main and additional, and is made as a whole. 2. Perforator drill bit according to claim 1, which differs in that one form of the single insert, located closer to the axis of the bit, is made in the form of a prism, body of rotation and other bodies, and the second form forms a cutting edge on the periphery of the head. 3. Perforator drill bit according to claims 1 and 2, which differs in that between the two forms of the proposed hard alloy inserts, a solder seam can be located, which connects them as a whole. 4. A drill bit according to claims 1, 2 and 3, which differs in that only the proposed carbide inserts or both proposed and known ones, such as cylindroprismatic, cylindrospherical, ballistic and others, are installed on the end of the head, which are located in the central part of the head.