UA57173C2 - Method and machine for ultrasonic shot blasting of workplaces on wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention concerns a shot blasting method called ultrasonic using a mist of microbeads inside a working chamber (30c), and more particularly a method for shot blasting workplaces (21) on a wheel (19), such as the vanes of turbo-machine blades on a rotor. Said method is characterized in that it consists in bringing the periphery of the wheel (19) simultaneously in front of the orifices of at least three chambers with limited clearances E1 and E2, at least one chamber being active, at least two chambers being passive, the wheel being then rotated, and the microbeads are removed from the passive chambers and the active chambers are fed with microbeads. The invention also concerns a shot blasting machine for implementing said method.

Description

Description of the invention

The present invention relates to a method of blasting called "ultrasonic", in which 2 a torch of microbeads is used inside a chamber, and in particular to a method of blasting parts on a wheel, such as the feathers of blades on the rotor of a gas turbine engine. The invention also relates to the shot-blasting apparatus used for the implementation of this method.

The term "wheel" means an object that has a basic shape formed by rotation around a geometric axis, while this object is made with the possibility of rotation around this axis. To increase the fatigue strength of mechanical parts from the state of the art, a method of blast-blasting their surface using a jet of microspheres is known. This technology is very common in the aviation industry.

Hitting the surface of the part at a slight angle of incidence relative to the perpendicular to this surface and with sufficient kinetic energy, the microspheres create a constant compression of the surface at a slight depth. This compression resists the appearance of cracks on the surface of the part, which allows to increase its strength against 12 fatigue. Usually, this angle of incidence should be less than 30", so that the impacts can transfer sufficient energy from the ball to the surface being processed. The position of the part during shotblasting should be close to optimal, which contributes to giving the given part maximum strength. Insufficient shotblasting does not add the part intended strength, but the maximum strength can still be achieved by additional shotblasting. On the other hand, excessive shotblasting leads to surface wear of the part and a decrease in its strength. Such wear cannot be restored, and the part is rejected.

Usually, blasting is carried out with the help of nozzles, into which compressed air and microspheres are simultaneously fed. This method of shot blasting has two disadvantages: - the parameters of shot blasting are characterized by instability, and the shot blasting apparatus must be frequently monitored and adjusted if one wants to achieve close to optimal shot blasting, c 29 - the method must be carried out inside a chamber of sufficiently large dimensions to be able to Ge) manipulate parts and jet nozzles.

In the aviation industry, there is a well-known method of shot blasting the sidewalls of turbine rotor blades of aircraft. When the vanes are made separately from the wheel, each of them contains a thin feather and a leg designed to secure the vane. For blasting a thin pen, the blade is held by the stem, and at 30 o'clock, blasting is carried out with the help of two nozzles directed against each other on both sides of the pen, while the first nozzle carries out blasting of one side of the pen, and the second nozzle - blasting of its other side , and both nozzles should move along the sidewalls of the pen as synchronously as possible to achieve a symmetrical progression of blasting. Cha

If such symmetry is not achieved, then under the sidewall, which is amenable to processing to a greater extent, there are peaks of 3o stress, which reduce the wear resistance of the blade and lead to its deformation. It is quite difficult to achieve such symmetry and to maintain it due to the spread and deviation of the parameters of the shot blasting process, which is characteristic of this method. It becomes clear that near-optimal shot blasting is a long and expensive operation, as it must be carried out for each blade separately and with great precision. "

Attempts were also made to blast-blast the feathers of the rotor blades directly and in the same way, with Z 50, the rotors are made in the form of a single block "wheel and blade", and the feathers of the blades will form protrusions on the rotor. c The sidewalls of the feathers, as well as the surface of the rotor, which is called the bell, must undergo shot blasting

With" "interfeather", that is, it is located between two feathers standing next to each other and, possibly, around the specified feathers.

The vanes can be mounted on the rotor, or the feathers can be integrated into the rotor by being made of the same material. 45 Shot jet processing is carried out for each blade separately as follows: i-y - both sides of each blade are synchronously treated with microspheres using two nozzles with a deflected jet penetrating into the interfeather spaces, that is, into the spaces located between two feathers standing next to each other , while each nozzle contains a reflector for deflecting the flow of microspheres by 90", which - adds to it a direction perpendicular to the sidewalls of the feathers, -And 20 - after that, the interfeather space of the rotor is treated with microspheres using a direct jet nozzle.

The disadvantage of the method is that when blasting the sidewalls of the feathers and the interfeather space c" there are inevitably areas of overlap in the transition zone between the specified sidewalls and the interfeather space.

It is clear that essentially this transition zone undergoes blasting twice.

The main disadvantage of the method is that it cannot be used when the inter-feather space is very narrow and it is impossible to introduce nozzles into it, which often happens in the case of vane impellers, which

GF) are currently produced. Experts do not yet know the method of blasting the sides of the feathers and the space between the feathers when the vanes are not removable. o From the international publication MUO 95/17994, the USA is the indicated country, a known ultrasonic shot-blasting apparatus is used, in which a titanium drum is used, the bottom of which is subjected to vibration using a sound guide 60 connected to a magneto-strictive vibrator. The parts treated with microbeads are hung on the cover, which is fixed on the opening of the drum. The drum is vibrated, and together with the lid, it forms a chamber, inside which a microball torch is created. Such a shot-blasting apparatus does not allow processing thin parts, such as the feathers of turbine blades, because the microball torch is not uniform, in particular, due to the fact that the distribution of vibration energy is very complex, and it will form nodes and bulges. In addition, for blasting a fully assembled rotor, a large drum is required, which is expensive and requires a powerful vibration generator.

From patent EK 2.689.431 there is also known a method of blasting gear teeth, while the gear is brought into rotation in front of the sound path, and the sound path is surrounded by a screen of rods held by springs, while the rods come into contact with the teeth and with the gear and form around the sound duct is an impenetrable chamber, the deformable sides of which repeat the profile of teeth and gears. This method cannot be used for a vane wheel, because: - the processing of the sides of the feathers will be very asymmetric, - the rods cannot automatically repeat the profile of the sides of the feathers, which are very close to each other from 7/0 to each other and from the radial position.

In addition, it is very difficult to ensure optimal processing, since it is necessary to set a high precision for processing the entire periphery of the wheel, without subjecting the part of the wheel that was first processed to additional processing.

The first task is to perform shot blasting, when the sidewalls of the holes of the vane wheel /5 are located very close to each other, which prevents the introduction of shot blasting nozzles.

The second task consists in processing the sidewalls of the feathers and the inter-feather space, while not processing the double transition zones between the feathers and the inter-feather spaces.

The third task consists in increasing the speed of blast-jet processing of the feathers of the inter-feather space of the vane wheel.

The fourth task is to improve the symmetry of the jet processing on the opposite sides of the feathers.

The subject of this invention is a method of ultrasonic blasting of parts on a wheel, which contains an annular surface of rotation with the center on the geometric axis of rotation of the wheel, while the parts are located on the annular surface on a line along a geometric circle with the center on the geometric axis of rotation and thus form a geometric surface of rotation , which is called a shell, when the wheel rotates with g5 around its geometric axis of rotation, blasting is carried out by immersing the parts in a micro-ball torch inside the active chamber, the micro-ball torch is activated by the vibrating surface i) inside the active chamber, while the wheel is rotated around its geometric axis during blasting. This method differs in that: a) the wheel is placed simultaneously in the holes of at least three chambers, each hole is limited on one side and on the other side by two side edges of the parts, the side edges are located opposite the annular surface with a limited gap E1, while the holes are also limited by two located against each other profile edges, - which are also located opposite at least the surface of the shell with a limited gap E2, the cameras are in pairs -(" where adjacent, each by means of one profile edge, and at least one camera is active and at least two cameras are passive, that is, they do not contain a vibrating surface, while each active chamber - c5 is located between two other chambers, and b) during shot blasting, microspheres are fed into the active chambers and extracted from the passive chambers.

It is clear that the parts can be removable and can be integrated into the wheel by making them in a single block of wheel material. In any case, the parts sequentially pass inside each chamber when the wheel rotates, which allows you to carry out shot blasting of all parts. It is also clear that the active camera does not communicate with the outer space directly through its profile edge, but always through, 7) with at least one passive camera, since only a passive camera can communicate through its profile edge. edge with outer space. It is clear that the side edges and profile edges interact with each other, ensuring the impermeability of the microball chambers in relation to the wheel and parts, while the specified impermeability is non-contact. Indeed, the side edges close the chambers on the annular surface of the wheel, as a result of which the annular surface passes along the side edges with a gap ET, and the parts pass as a result between the side edges as the wheel rotates about its geometric axis of rotation. In the same way, the profile edges close the chambers along the shell surface, while the parts pass transversely in front of the profile edges with a limited gap - E2. Such impermeability is sufficient for the microball torch to remain concentrated in a limited volume so that the energy that sets it in motion cannot dissipate excessively.

Sh- It is clear that the microspheres gradually leave the active chamber by passing through the interfeather space, 4) that is, between two parts, when the interfeather spaces pass in front of the profile edge. Since the active chamber is adjacent through each of its profile edges to another chamber, the microspheres enter the adjacent chambers. At the same time, two cases can be considered. If this adjacent chamber is passive, then the microspheres penetrating into it stop receiving energy from the vibrating surface and quickly settle to the bottom of the passive chamber due to the attenuation of the energy they received. If this adjacent chamber is active, then the microspheres again (F) pass through the inter-feather spaces to both adjacent chambers until they enter the passive ka chamber, in which they lose their energy and settle to the bottom. From this it is clear that the flow microspheres will be formed during blasting in the direction from the active chambers to the passive chambers, while this flow mainly passes through the inter-feather spaces, and the microspheres that accumulate in the passive chambers are pulled out and, in the preferred version, fed back into the active chambers, providing their nutrition .

It was noticed that the microball torch penetrates very well into the narrow spaces between the feathers to the inter-feather space of the wheel, which allows you to fully process the sidewalls of the feathers and solve the first problem. The interfeather spaces are treated simultaneously with the sidewalls of the feathers. As a result, the transition zones between the sidewalls of the feathers and the inter-feather spaces 65 are blasted only once, which is the solution to the second problem.

Usually, the duration of blasting in the chamber of a set of 75 feathers reaches 24 hours, taking into account the need for numerous intermediate manipulations between each feather. When using this method, this duration is reduced to 90 minutes, thanks to the cancellation of these intermediate operations, which allows solving the third problem.

Practically, the size of the gap E1 between the side edges and the annular surface is smaller than the diameter of the microspheres, which completely prevents the penetration of microspheres through this gap Ei and allows you to avoid the use of additional means to extract microspheres that have penetrated through this gap E1.

In the preferred version, the gap E2 between the edges of the mold and the surface of the shell is at least twice the diameter of the microspheres. This allows to reduce the number of microspheres passing from one chamber to another. It is also possible to add to this gap E2 a value smaller than the diameter of the microspheres, which completely excludes the possibility of their passing through this gap E2 from one chamber to another, but it is clear that this reduced gap E2 does not affect the microspheres entering from one chamber to another through interfeather spaces.

In a preferred embodiment, the circular width of 1/1 of the chambers, taken between the edges of the mold, is at least equal to three times the circular distance of 1/2 between two adjacent parts, with 11 and 12 forming arc lengths on the geometric 7/5 Circle formed by the parts. In other words, one camera can take up to four details at the same time. In the case of active chambers, this arrangement allows the mass of the microsphere torch to be contained in this active chamber, which exceeds the mass capable of penetrating through the inter-feather space when it passes in front of the profile edge, which is a factor regulating this mass. In the case of passive chambers, this arrangement enlarges the chamber, contributes to the attenuation of the energy of the microspheres, and thus allows to reduce the proportion of spheres capable of leaving the chamber. However, the obtained effect can be increased by increasing the ratio I 1/2, for example, to a value at least equal to five to ten.

Preferably, during blasting, the wheel makes at least M-5 revolutions. With such an arrangement, each part undergoes only 1/M part of the necessary full shot blasting at each revolution, which allows us to achieve uniform and close to optimal shot blasting of parts. In fact, it is clear that in normal mode the parts pass through the active chamber M times, but some of them will pass M-1 or M-1 times depending on how the wheel passes the last lap, but this difference (8) 1/M becomes not important with the great M.

This arrangement is preferable in the case of thin parts, such as the feathers of turbine blades. Indeed, when the pen enters the vibration chamber, its side, turned in the direction of rotation of the wheel, is opposite the side of the vibrating surface, and as a result, the opposite side will be processed mainly, and everything happens the other way around when the same pen leaves the active chamber. Thus, the progression of blasting - on the opposite sides of the pen is asymmetric during the passage of the pen into the vibration chamber, and this asymmetry "- is compensated when the pen leaves the vibration chamber, while this asymmetry is divided by M and, as a result, may become unimportant, which is the solution to the fourth problem. -

In the preferred version, active cameras and vibrating surfaces are symmetrical with respect to the vertical and geometric plane P, which contains the geometric axis of rotation. With such an arrangement, the microball torch located in the active chambers is symmetrical with respect to this plane P, therefore the back and front sides of the feathers pass in the microball torch through equivalent cycles of shot blasting, which improves the overall symmetry of shot blasting of the sides of the feathers. "

This patent application also proposes a shot-blasting apparatus necessary for the implementation of the claimed method, while the apparatus contains a spindle designed to hold and rotate an object, such as a wheel, around a geometric axis of rotation, while the apparatus contains an active a chamber, the lower part of which is formed around a vibrating surface capable of holding a microbead torch in said chamber, the other chambers being passive. This apparatus is distinguished by the fact that it contains: a) at least three chambers, each of which contains an opening facing the geometric axis of rotation, each opening is bounded by an edge, and each edge contains two circular opposite parts or side edges, the side edges forming an arc of a circle centered on the geometric axis of rotation, and each edge also contains two profiles

Ш - parts opposite to the profile edge, while the profile parts are identical and located in a geometric circle with the center on the geometric axis of rotation, the cameras are adjacent in pairs through the profile edge, while

Each active chamber is located between two other chambers, b) means of feeding microspheres into active chambers, as well as means of removing microspheres from passive chambers. 4) In a preferred embodiment, the means for supplying microspheres to the active chambers and the means for removing microspheres from the passive chambers are thalwegs containing high points and low points, while the low points are in the active chambers and reach the vibrating surfaces, and the high points are in the passive cameras It is clear that the microspheres fall to the bottom of the passive chambers and hit the vibrating surfaces in the active chambers. These thalwegs cross the side walls of the chambers and (F, pass through the channels. ka In the preferred version, the chambers are removable. Such chambers have a simple design and are made, for example, of Plexiglas sheets, while this design allows you to easily adapt the shot-blasting apparatus to the wheel processing and parts of various shapes and diameters.

This invention and its advantages will be more clear when considering a detailed example of implementation and attached figures.

Fig. 1 is a frontal view of a shot-blasting apparatus according to this invention, a bladed turbine rotor used for shot-blasting 65 processing, while the specified rotor is two-stage. In order to more clearly distinguish the constituent parts of the rotor and shot blasting apparatus, respectively, only half of the rotor is shown on the figure.

Fig. 2 - a side view in section of the shot blasting apparatus and the rotor.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged front view of the shot-blasting apparatus and the rotor, while the figure shows the position of the lateral sides of the blades in relation to the microball torch inside the active chamber. For greater clarity, the interfeather spaces are shown expanded.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged side view of the active camera, while the figure shows how the feathers pass through the cutouts in front of the profile edges.

Let's consider figures 1 and 2 at the same time. Ultrasonic shot steel apparatus 10 contains a frame 11, in which a spindle 15 rotating around a geometric axis 16 is installed, while at one end of the spindle y) 75 a cartridge 17 is installed, which allows you to completely fix the entire rotor 18. The spindle 15 is driven by a motor not shown in the figure. The rotor 18 has a basic form of rotation centered on the geometric axis 16. The rotor 18 contains a circular wheel 19, the periphery of which is formed by an annular surface 20, on which a plurality of feathers 21 are located in a circular line on a geometric circle centered on the geometric axis of rotation 16 as follows , that the feathers 21 alternately pass through the same position under the action of rotation /5 of the Wheel. In this example, the rotor 18 contains two levels of blades 21. The following description applies equally to each of these levels. In the same example, the feathers 21 are located radially in the form of protrusions on the annular surface 20 and are separated from each other by uniform spaces. The number 23 indicates the interfeather surface formed by the section of the annular surface 20 between the feathers 21. The number 24 indicates the interfeather space, that is, the space between the feathers 21. When the wheel 19 rotates, the feathers 21 will form a geometric surface of the shell 25, which has the form of rotation around geometric axis 16.

The shot-blasting device 10 in this example contains five chambers 30. Each chamber 30 contains a bottom 31, forming its lowest part, side walls 32 and openings 33 directed upwards and, if necessary, to the side. Each hole 33 is bounded by two side edges, marked 34 in figure C and having a gap E1 with the annular surface 20, while the side edges 34 will form arcs of a circle centered on the geometric axis 16. In figure 2, it is shown that the feathers 21 pass between the side edges 34 when the wheel 19 rotates around the geometric axis 16. Each hole 33 is also limited by two profile edges 35 that repeat the shape of the feathers 21, while i) the feathers 21 pass in front of the profile edges 35 with a limited gap E2 during rotation wheels 19.

The cameras 30 will form a conveyor and are marked sequentially Zba, Z0B, ZOs, zOa and Zbe, while the cameras 30 are pairwise adjacent through the profile edges 35. Thus, each of the cameras Zba and Zbe at the ends of the conveyor has a profile edge Z5a and Zbe, respectively. , bordering the outer space, and all other profile edges 35 bordering the adjacent chamber. It is clear that when the wheel 10 rotates in the direction of rotation 46, each feather comes from the outside and - enters the conveyor of cameras 30 through the profile edge Z5a, successively crosses the cameras Zba, ZO, ZOs, 304 and Z0e, where passing through the side edges 34 and profile edges 35, leaving after that to the outside through the profile edge Z5e.

The purpose and functions of different cameras 30 are not identical. The chamber ZOs in the middle of the conveyor is active, and its horizontal bottom Z1s surrounds the vibrating surface 40 at the end of the sound path 41, which is fixed to the frame with the help of a suitable support 42 and receives vibration energy from a quartz-type vibration generator 43.

The sound path 41 transmits this vibrational energy to the low-impedance vibrating surface 40, wherein the vibrating surface 40 transmits this vibrational energy to the microspheres located on or falling onto the surface 40, with the microspheres flying in all directions towards the sidewalls 32, the annular surface 20 and feathers 21, which are located in the opening ЗЗс of the active chamber ЗОС, and thus fill the volume of the active chamber ЗОС in the form of a microsphere torch 45. The active chamber ЗОС is surrounded on each side by two passive chambers, i.e. ZOB and ZBA, respectively on the one hand and ZOa and Zbe on the other. ;" It is clear that the side edges 34 and the profile edges 35 ensure the impermeability of the chambers 35 in relation to the wheel 19 and the feathers 21, while this impermeability is more or less complete. Adding to the gap ET a value smaller than the diameter of the microspheres used, thereby completely preventing the exit of the microspheres from the chambers by passing between the side edges 34 and the annular surface 30. By shortening the gap E2 between the profile edges 35 and the feathers 21, the consumption of microspheres is reduced, which pass from the active camera Z0s to

Ш- of passive adjacent chambers Z30B and ZBA, however, there remains a flow of microspheres passing through the interfeather spaces 21, when the interfeather spaces 21 pass in front of the profile edge 35. However, the microspheres that 5p fall into the passive chambers of ZOB and ZBA no longer receive energy from the vibrating surface and quickly lose

Sh- the kinetic energy received by them when they hit the side walls 32 and the bottom 33 of the passive chambers ZO0B and zoba, as well as 4) against the feathers 21 and the annular surface 20 in the passive chambers Z0B, zba, while the microspheres fall under the force of gravity on the bottom of 31 passive chambers ZOB, 304. A small amount of microspheres still reaches the bottom of 31 passive chambers ZBA, ZBE at the end of the conveyor. However, their kinetic energy has become very weak and completely decays in After the above-described movements, no microsphere can fly out. Therefore, the operator loads a certain number of microbeads into the active chamber ZOs before the start of the wheel blasting, and this amount (Ф, is enough to complete the entire blasting cycle, during which the operator does not need to add ka microbeads. In this example, the wheel 19 with feathers 21 has a diameter of 900 mm, and the passive chambers rise from each side to a height equal to half of this diameter. In the microspheres located in the passive chambers Zba, 306, za and Zbe, when their kinetic energy is extinguished, they fall to the bottom of the chambers 31. These bottoms 31 are inclined and will form thalwegs 50 on each side of the active chamber

ЗОс, while the thalwegs 50 allow the microspheres to fall under the force of gravity to the bottom Z1s of the active chamber 31 and fall on the vibrating surface 40, where they receive a new amount of energy and replenish the microsphere torch 45 inside the active chamber Z0s. Thalvegs 50 cross the side walls 32 through the channels 65 51 and pass microspheres passing from the passive chambers Zba, Z0B, Z04, Z0e to the active chamber Z0s through the side walls 32.

In this example, the chambers 30 are removable and represent a tank 55 containing two longitudinal flat vertical walls 56, parallel to each other and perpendicular to the geometric axis of rotation 16, while each of the longitudinal walls 56 contains an edge 57 in the form of a semicircle centered on the geometric axis rotation 16, while the ribs come into position against the annular surface 20 of the wheel 19 on both sides of the feathers 21, the longitudinal walls 56 are connected by transverse walls 58, thus closing the tank 55 on the sides. The transverse walls 58 are directed to the bottom of the tank 55 and form the bottom 59, inclined to the middle. The tank 55 is mounted on a platform 60 fixed to the frame 11, while the platform surrounds the vibrating surface 40 at the upper end of the sound path 41.

It is clear that the tank 55 in combination with the platform 60 on the vibrating surface 40 is open from above and impermeable 70 from the side and below at least for the microspheres. The tank 55 is divided into five chambers ZO by transverse partitions 61, which are practically radial in relation to the geometric axis of rotation 16, while the transverse partitions 61 contain cutouts not shown in the figure, into which the feathers 21 enter with the gap E2 when the wheel rotates. It is clear that such a tank 55 can be easily made by cutting its elements from a plate, for example, from Plexiglas, while the elements are connected together, for example, with the help of screws. It is clear that both ribs 57 will form the side edges 34 of the chambers 30 and that the edges of the cutouts in the transverse partitions 61 will form the profile edges 35. It is also clear that the chamber 30 made in the tank 55 above the vibrating surface 40 is an active chamber Zbs, and the other chambers Z0 , made in tank 55, are passive cameras Zba, ZOB, z0a, ZOe.

Now consider figures C and 4 at the same time. For greater clarity, the gaps EІ1 and E2 are shown in an enlarged view, as well as the inter-feather spaces. The numbers 65 and 66 indicate the opposite sides of the pen 20, while the side 65, which is called the front, is conventionally turned in the direction of rotation 46, and the opposite side, which is called the back, is turned in the opposite direction. Consider the path of the pen 21 and its sidewalls 65, 66 crossing the active chamber Zbs, while the markings of the pen 21 and its sidewalls 65, 66 are supplemented with indices a, b, c, corresponding to the entry position, the middle position, and the exit position. Under the action of the rotation of the wheel 19 in the direction of rotation 46 of the feather 21 a, moving from the passive chamber Z0OB, penetrates into the active chamber Zobs, passing through the cutout 62 of the transverse partition 61 with a gap E2 in relation to the profile edge 35, which limits the cutout 62. The front side bba of the pen 21a is turned to the vibrating surface 40 at i) the upper end of the sound path 41, while the side b5a is directed to the microball torch and, as a result, undergoes shot blasting. In contrast to it, the rear side of the bba is only slightly turned towards the microball torch and will turn towards it more and more as the pen 21a enters the middle position. In the forward position, the pen, now marked 21p, is fully loaded into the microball torch in such a way that both of its sides, marked in this case 650, 660, are equally subjected to shot blasting. At the exit, the pen marked 6b5s turns its back side boss towards the microball torch, while its front side b5s is already practically turned away from the torch, and only the back side 6bbs undergoes shot blasting. It is clear that the symmetry of the active chamber Zbs and the vibrating surface 40 in relation to the vertical geometric plane P, which encloses the geometric axis of rotation 16, leads to the symmetry of the microsphere torch inside the active chamber ЗОs in relation to the same plane P.

As a result, the opposite sidewalls 65, 66 of the pen 21 will pass symmetrical paths in such a microball torch in the active chamber ЗОс and undergo an equivalent shot blasting treatment at each pass, the difference in processing arising between the opposite sidewalls 65, 66 at the intersection of the active chamber З0с carries a "temporary character, since it is compensated at the moment of exit of the pen 21 from the active camera ZOs. It is also clear that blast-jet processing, carried out for M revolutions instead of one, leads to the distribution of this time difference over M. For example, if the blasting is carried out at M-20 revolutions, then this is temporary;" the difference would be as little as 595 complete blasting. The applicant believes that M-5 revolutions is an acceptable minimum for blasting very fine feathers 21 used in gas turbine engines. It is possible to significantly increase the number M, provided that, as a result, the tangential speed of the feathers 21 s remains unimportant compared to the average speed of the microspheres in the torch. Otherwise, asymmetry occurs, in which the front side 65 undergoes more intensive processing than the rear side 66. In this example, the width of the GI chamber is equal to four distances 12 between two adjacent parts, as a result of which up to five can be located in this chamber at the same time details

Part of the 70 microspheres in the chamber passes through the inter-feather spaces 24 in the adjacent

Sh- passive cameras of ZOB and ZBA. These microspheres quickly lose their energy and fall to the bottom 31, forming 4) a downward flow 71, which descends under the force of gravity along the thalweg 50 and thus returns to the active chamber ZOs, passing through the transverse partitions 61 through the spaces or channels 51 made between transverse partitions 61 and bottoms 31.

The tops of 80 feathers are flattened under the influence of blasting and as a result take a shape slightly approaching the shape of a hammer head. Therefore, feathers are made with a height that exceeds

F) the final height, and after blasting, the tops 80 are processed, for example, by grinding, so as to give the feathers the final height and remove the deformation in the form of a hammer head.

In the preferred version, the forms marked 83 in Figure 1 are placed in the active chamber ZO, while the forms 83 are placed on both sides of the feathers 21, and the feathers 21 cross the active chamber ZOc between the forms 83 with the same gap E2. This arrangement prevents microbeads from hitting the very thin leading edges 81 and trailing edges 82 of the feathers 21 and protects the leading edges 81 and trailing edges 82 from flattening.

Claims (11)

The formula of the invention b5 1. The method of ultrasonic blasting of parts on a wheel, while the wheel contains an annular surface of rotation centered on the geometric axis of rotation of the wheel, the parts are located on the annular surface on a line along a geometric circle formed around the geometric axis of rotation, while the parts thus form a geometric surface rotation, called a shell, when the wheel rotates around its geometric axis of rotation, and blasting is carried out by immersing the parts in a micro-ball torch inside the active chamber, the micro-ball torch being activated by a vibrating surface inside the active chamber, and the wheel is caused to rotate around its geometric axis of rotation during shot blasting, which differs in that: 70 a) the wheel is placed simultaneously in the holes of at least three chambers, while each hole is limited on one side and on the other side by two side edges of the parts, the side edges are located opposite the annular surface with by a limited gap ET, and the openings are also limited by two profile edges located opposite each other, while the profile edges are also located opposite at least the surface of the shell with a limited gap E2, the chambers are adjacent in pairs, each due to one profile edge, while at least one chamber is / 5 is active, and at least two chambers are passive, and each active chamber is located between two other chambers, b) during shot blasting, microspheres are fed into the active chambers and extracted from the passive chambers. 2. The method according to claim 1, which differs in that the gap E1 between the side edges and the annular surface is smaller than the diameter of the microspheres used. C. The method according to claims 1 or 2, which is characterized by the fact that the gap E?2 is at least twice the diameter of the microspheres used. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, which is characterized by the fact that the spaces between two adjacent parts are inter-feather spaces and the circular length 11 of the cameras, taken between the profile edges, is at least equal to three times the circular distance 12 between two adjacent parts. high school 5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, which is characterized by the fact that the wheel makes at least M - 5 revolutions during shot blasting. and) 6. The method according to any of claims 1 - 5, which is characterized by the fact that the active cameras and vibrating surfaces are symmetrical with respect to the vertical geometric plane P, which includes the geometric axis of rotation. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, which is characterized by the fact that a series of cameras is used, consisting of two passive cameras, one active camera and two other passive cameras. 8. A shot-blasting apparatus for the implementation of the claimed method, while the specified shot-blasting apparatus contains a spindle designed to hold and rotate the wheel around the geometric "- axis of rotation, an active chamber, the bottom of which is designed around a vibrating surface capable of holding a microball torch in an active a chamber, which is distinguished by the fact that it contains: i- a) at least three chambers, each of which contains an opening turned to the geometric axis of rotation, while each opening is limited by two opposite side edges, one of the side edges of each opening located on the first arc of a geometric circle centered on the geometric axis of rotation, and the other side edge of each hole is located on the second arc of a geometric circle also centered on the geometric axis of rotation, each hole also contains two identical profile edges located on a geometric circle with " Center on geometric axis of rotation, while the cameras are adjacent in pairs we through the profile edge, and with c at least one camera is active, and each active camera is located between two other cameras, and ;" b) means of feeding microspheres into active chambers, as well as means of removing microspheres from passive chambers. 9. A shot-blasting apparatus according to claim 8, which is characterized by the fact that the chambers contain side walls, and the means for supplying microspheres to the active chambers and the means for removing microspheres from the passive chambers are formed by thalwegs on the bottom of the chambers in such a way that the microspheres pass under the force of gravity from the passive chambers through the thalwegs chambers into active chambers, crossing the side walls through channels. Sh- 10. A shot-blasting device according to claims 8 or 9, which is characterized by the fact that the cameras are removable. - 11. A shot-blasting apparatus according to any of claims 8 - 10, which is characterized by the fact that it contains a tank, open from above, containing two edges in the form of an arc of a circle with a center on the geometric axis of rotation, while the tank - contains two longitudinal parallel planes walls, each longitudinal wall contains one of the edges in the form of an arc 4) of a circle, and the longitudinal walls are connected by transverse walls that close the tank on the sides, the tank is divided into M chambers by transverse partitions in the number of M-1, while each of the chambers is open between two ribs in the form of an arc of a circle. F) name) 60 b5