UA51503U - Self-contained oxygen breathing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A self-contained oxygen breathing apparatus contains the knapsack with the respiratory bag, oxygen-supply system comprising the balloon with the tap, pressure reducer, lung automate, safety valve, bypass, regenerative cartridge with the relieve valve, inspiration and expiration valves attached to the facial construction via the corrugated hoses. The facial construction contains the panoramic mask and mouthpiece with nasal clamp. The knapsack is equipped with the belts.

Description

The useful model belongs to the means of individual This respirator has the following operational protection of human respiratory organs from harmful substances: liquid substances unsuitable for breathing atmos- - significant temperature of inhaled air, in particular to insulating respirators, which due to the inefficient action of the refrigerator with hydro - they are used in the mining industry with phosphate; catchability during rescue operations in case of technical - presence of the frontal part in the form of a catastrophic accident in mines. It can be used with a nose clip does not provide reliable tana in the chemical and other branches of industry when protecting the eyes in the presence of in the atmosphere of mining emergency situations where the protection of organ- production of smoke is required. breathing with the help of such devices under favorable conditions, i.e. in the presence of the R-12M pesticide, which instead of a refrigerator made of hydrophobic substances or the absence of oxygen in the atmosphere. equipped with an air-ice cooler

A well-known insulating regenerative respelnik, the front part can be made into a R-12 and R-12M rotor (MUP of the Ukrainian SSR, Central form of a panoramic mask that provides protection of the user’s eyes from smoke, satisfactory for rescue work, "Oxygen-isolating front visibility of the mine, and the P-12 respirator"5 Operating Instructions solves the problem of respirator workers talking among themselves

Donetsk, 1966). The respirator contains a housing in which (Ukrainian Ministry of Internal Affairs, Scientific and Research Institute) there is a breathing bag, attached to it is a mine-rescue business and fire safety - a refrigerator and a regenerative cartridge with sorbent "Respirator", "The main melt! volume of carbon dioxide development, oxygen supply system in the domestic respiratory system", Donetsk, in the form of a cylinder with a valve, a pressure reducer, a cla- 2008, p. 43). of the emergency supply of oxygen (bypass), lungs The P-12M respirator, as well as the respirator of the P- automatic machine and oxygen pressure gauge, corrugated 12 contains a knapsack (body) in the form of a rigid lined breathing hoses, the front part in the form of a bottle, in which there is a breathing bag, a panoramic oxygen mask or a mouthpiece device, a supply system in the form of a balloon with a valve, a system for carrying as two shoulder belts with a pressure reducer, a lung machine, safety-elastic pillows. The body of the device contains a valve, an emergency oxygen supply valve, a shell and a cover with shock absorbers that fit (bypass) and an oxygen pressure gauge with a capillary, walking to the back of the user with a respirator. a cooler with a lid and an inhalation valve and a

The disadvantage of the respirator is its large mass, which makes it difficult to use it for its intended purpose. exhalation and carbon dioxide sorbent, located

This shortcoming is eliminated in an insulating respirator controlled between a stationary and a movable perforated nerative respirator (author's certificate by a partition that interacts with springs in the pores

USSR Me 660322, Ab287/02, 1980). Respirator in the cavity of the cartridge, which is connected to the bag, the valve covers the knapsack (body), made in the form of a single excess pressure, corrugated breathing hoses, a rigid shell with compartments in which the inhalation and exhalation valves are located, with a front breathing bag with a valve excess pressure, a part in the form of a panoramic mask or a mouth-oxygen supply system in the form of a balloon with a valve device such as a mouthpiece, a nose clamp, a pressure reducer, a lung pumping machine, a headset and smoke goggles, a safety valve, a valve the emergency supply has shock absorbers and a system for carrying both oxygen (bypass) and an oxygen pressure gauge from a capillary - two shoulder belts with elastic cushions, which are indicated in the given certificate as a cyst - and a waist belt, as well as a sound signal. non-distributing device (node), refrigerator with Regenerative respirator P-12M differs - hydrogen phosphate, direct-flow regenerative is characterized by improved operational characteristics - cartridge with a carbon dioxide sorbent, corrugated, because it provides comfortable breathing conditions and breathing hoses connected to the inhalation valves and using the device when application during exhalation, the front part in the form of a mouthpiece. of the device as a mouthpiece, nose clip and main The operational characteristics of this breathing apparatus, shock absorbers, located on the cartridge and foot apparatus can be significantly improved by the balloon, which is adjacent to the user’s back, due to the elimination of the following solutions in the design: a pirate, a system for wearing in in the form of two - the implementation of a knapsack (body) and a cover for shoulder straps with elastic pillows. Inspection of single hard parts is complicated by the technical side of the knapsack made as a single continuous maintenance of the product during operation, a compartment with compartments, and on the side of the knapsack adjacent to, for example, replacing the block of frozen water in the user’s hosiery, each compartment has slot, through the boathouse. The knapsack can consist of a body and component covers (shields) that are mounted in the cavity of the shell, while the shield can be a part of a breathing apparatus. This not only reduces the weight of two hinged parts, the shape of which makes it easier to access the refrigerator, and also facilitates the ventilation of the cavity. knapsack and provides heat removal from the cartridge when - placement of the overpressure valve on the device application. the ends of the body of the regenerative cartridge simplifies the design of the breathing bag and the process of technical

maintenance of the valve during operation within the brackets at the end of the shoulder straps of the product; pushed into the lugs of the shell and the longitudinal grooves of the screw - execution of the stiffening rib of the middle exhaust sheet of the shield and fixed on it to the board of the shell with a hole for the finger of the palm with the help of screws, which also hold the upper cover of the front of the emergency supply valve shock absorber; the fact that oxygen (bypass) facilitates its activation, the C-shaped stiffening rib of the middle compartment when the action of the pressure reducer and the lung membrane is complicated is made with a hole under the finger of the palm of the machine, which worsens the breathing conditions in the device. the user device, which is placed on the front

The closest to the useful model are the relay of the emergency oxygen supply valve (bipa-generative isolation respirator P-12M (or su); the one that

P-12), which is accepted as a prototype. sub-valve cavity on the end of the body of the regulator

On the basis of the above, it follows that the purpose of the cartridge is connected to the cavity, the solution of which is aimed at the development between the cartridge body and the movable partition of the useful model, which is claimed, is the elimination of the channel formed on the end wall of the significant shortcomings, that is, the improvement operation of the cartridge as a whole with a socket for the installation of the mem- characteristic of the breathing apparatus under the overpressure flap valve, while the opposite end wall of the cartridge is equipped with an element of bayonet connection with the refrigerator tion, reducing the time of performing these operations, and the com, which has a connecting element of this connection, simplification of the design of individual components, and the body of the cartridge is made of longitudinal corrugations. we, located with the possibility of contact with C-

The solution to this problem is achieved by a similar stiffening edge of the shell, which has what in a regenerative isolation respirator, a retainer for a cartridge in the form of a flat spring, which contains a knapsack in the form of a single rigid shell attached in the upper zone and interaction - the shell with compartments having mounting holes , choi with a corrugation on the cartridge, while the case of the cartridge in which there is a breathing bag, an oxygen post- is made with a transverse groove under the finger of the palm, a frontal system in the form of a cylinder with a valve, a reducer, which is located in front of the pressure regulator, a lung machine, a safety device satoru; as well as the fact that the valve, the emergency oxygen supply valve, the refrigerator is made in the form of two stacks (bypass) and an oxygen pressure gauge with a capillary, horns, located coaxially with a gap that the body with a cover and an inhalation valve and pierces the cavity , connected to the inhalation valve and a mixed-jet regenerative cartridge with a valve, while the glasses are rigidly connected between the exhalation and the carbon dioxide sorbent, located at the ends with the formation of an area under the elasticated between the fixed and the movable perforated chun easily opening cover , which keeps the membrane, for example, in the form of a block of frozen water in advance, in the partition, which interacts with the springs in the cavity of the inner cup, the cooling part of the cartridge, which is connected to the bag, the excess pressure valve on the end of the cartridge, at the same time, on the outer side of the corrugated breathing hoses with the connecting tube, an element with a bayonet connection is attached, connected to the inhalation and exhalation valves, with a nanny that interacts with the element on the end with a patrol face part in the form of a panoramic mask or on. of a mouthpiece device as a mouthpiece, nasal This execution of regenerative isolating clamp, headset and anti-smoke glasses, the respirator is distinguished by the simplicity of the shell design, which has shock absorbers and a system, but also by improved performance characteristics for wearing as two shoulder straps with elastic tic, which is explained as follows: we are cushions and a waist belt, as well as the sound- - performance of the shield instead of a single sheet in the vyvy signal, which according to a useful model is distinguished by the appearance of two perforated sheets (upper and as two harvesters) that are hingedly connected to each other and perforated sheets (upper and lower), that are attached to the upper and lower edges of the knapsack shell with the help of the specified elements. to C- with a sheet using two hooks to the lower stiffening rib of the middle compartment, and the edges of the shell and to the C-shaped stiffening rib and the execution of the upper sheet with a figured outgrowth of the middle compartment using two straight lines, which coincides with the contour of the cover of the cooling pins and two spring clips, which makes maintenance much easier. the pirate's sheet after use as intended, which is attached with a U-shaped clip in the area of the fastening - requires disassembly of the product into its component parts, not an eyelet for shoulder straps, which covers the upper for disinfection and replacement of materials of the disposable edge of the shell and interacts with the back side from use. The presence of a shaped cutout on the top - the longitudinal edge of the ear in the folded device, the sheet of the shield makes it much easier to position it, while the upper sheet is made with a shaped cutout - in the refrigerator the cooling element (a condition that coincides with the contour of the refrigerator cover - a bed of frozen water) even then , when the respica, and the lower sheet is equipped with two kronshteirator is in a state of use on the back by us with grooves for a waist belt and grooves for a person; attachment of the lower shock absorber, and the lumbar re- - implementation of a C-shaped stiffening rib: the change in the area between the brackets has a retainer of the knapsack shell with a hole for the finger of the palm of the bark - in the form of a shaped sleeve with an annular groove along the face of the respirator, which greatly facilitates the reduction of the belt thickness, which limits the movement of the belt in the action of the emergency oxygen supply valve

(bypass) in case of deterioration of breathing conditions in the apparatus. The oxygen supply system has a cylinder 8 with a valve due to the increase in energy consumption for the performance of the valve 9, to which the oxygen distributor is connected for the given operation; whose block containing the shut-off valve 10, ma- - execution of the cartridge case in such a way that the nometer 15, the valve 12 of the emergency (additional) subvalve cavity is connected to the oxygen supply cavity (bypass), the pressure reducer 13 from the cartridge case and the movable partition of the channel a safety valve 11 and a lung machine 14. a scrap formed on the end wall of the cartridge as a Manometer 15 is connected to the unit with the help of one unit with the seat of the overpressure valve of the capillary tube 21. not only simplifies their design and labor intensity also reduces the resistance to the flow of exhaled air and the air supply system (except for corrugated air, because it can be easily made with increased hoses and the front part) of the respirator with a cross-section compared to the well-known ones carried in a hard bag. Assembly of components with technical solutions (USSR copyright of parts of these systems is made from the side of the knapsack, floor

Мо 782205, Аб289/00, 7/02 "Vadukhovodnaya systened to the user's back product. of a respirator") In the cartridge of the specified system, Ranets 22 (fig. 2-8) has a single rigid skin a. with. such a channel is made in the form of a tube, tube 23, which is divided into three compartments by means of a C-shaped rib bent at a right angle and located in the mass of tissue 24. In the upper one from a chemical substance; of them, there is a cartridge 5 with an excess valve - the location on the end of the cartridge and the side 6 and a refrigerator 18 with a cooling element - the surface of the refrigerator with a bayonet connection volume 17 and a cover 16, exhalation valves 4 and inhalation 19 simplify the disconnection of these elements during execution which are located near the edge of the shell 23. The connections for maintenance of the product, as well as the cartridge 5 and the refrigerator 18 are fixed with one fastening element (spring) with a bayonet, or in the shell 23 with a spring 25. fix their relative position in the bag of the product, in a bag 7 is located in the middle compartment, which simplifies their removal from the knapsack due to the presence of an oxygen-distributing block, and in the lower compartment there is a transverse groove on the cartridge case for a balloon 8 with a valve 9, to which the user's palm oxygenator is attached; distribution block. In the same area, there is a refrigerator design in the form of two stacks, a valve 12 (bypass) and an overlapping valve, located coaxially with the gap and the body 10 of the manometer 15. Outside the bag 22, there is a cavity connected to the inhalation valve and manometer 15 with a tube with beads attached to it, as well as rigidly connected to each other by a wire 21, corrugated hoses for inhalation 20 and exhalation З at the ends with the formation of a section for an elastic distribution box 1 attached to them and a (rubber) cover, firstly, it significantly increases the effective part. effect of the refrigerator, which lowers the temperature. All compartments of the knapsack 23 are closed by the shield 26 (Fig. 5), inhaled air at 10-12"С, and secondly, the sign, which is made in the form of two shaped perforations, significantly reduces the laboriousness of the replacement operation of cooled sheets 27 and 28, which are connected to each other by the chewing element. On the side of the outer stack, it is hinged. The lower sheet 27 has two hooks, which are connected to each other by the attached element of the bayonet connection, which are fitted with grooves on the lower edge of the shell 23 , and which interacts with the corresponding element on the end two spring clips that interact with the grooves in the cartridge. C-shaped rib 24 of the shell 23 after

The essence of the useful model is explained by the drawing sheet was dedented with pins 29, which are fasteners, where: len on the rib 24. This sheet is equipped with two - Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the action of the res- brackets 30 with grooves for the pirate's waist belt 31; and hooks for attaching shoulder straps 32. - Fig. 2 shows the respirator (side view, the upper sheet 28 of the shield 26 is attached P- which is adjacent to the back of the user); a similar clip in the area of attachment of the eyelet 33 under - Fig. 3 shows the view of the respirator of Fig. 2 shoulder straps, which embraces the upper edge of the bag with the shield of the knapsack removed; lobule 23 and interacts with the rear side with the longitudinal side - Fig. 4 shows the cross-section AA of Fig. 2; the edge of the ear 33 in the folded device. On the letter - fig. 5 shows the shield of the knapsack; shock absorber 34 is located (oval cushion - fig. 6 shows the cross-section B-B of fig. 3; shape). On the brackets 30 of the lower sheet 27 - Fig. 7 shows the section of V.V. Fig. 2; lumbar shock absorber 35 is attached to the shield, in Fig. 8 the cross-section GG of Fig. 5 is shown. clear belt 31.

The air supply system of the respirator. The system for wearing includes two shoulder ones (Fig. 1) has a connecting box 1, a saliva removal belt 32 with cushioning cushions, a double pump 2, a corrugated exhalation hose 3, a valve at the end of the belt 36 with tension rings on the exhalation end 4, regenerative cartridge 5, overbreath valve and self-tightening rings after regular pressure 6, breathing bag 7, cooling their length according to the height of a person. On the right-hand belt 18 with a cooling element 17 (a water ice tube 21 is attached to the end belt with a briquette) and an elastic sealing manometer 15, and on the left belt - a signal cover 16, an inhalation valve 19, a corrugated whistle hose 37, an inhalation 20. the connecting box 1 provides the possibility of quickly attaching the front part to the end straps 36 (by attaching or releasing them in the form of a panoramic mask or mouthpiece). The position of the belts is in the form of a mouthpiece, a nose clip and is fixed by self-tightening rings. headset (not shown).

The respirator works as follows. Breathing out oxygen when performing work of varying degrees of severity, the air has a volume fraction of dioxide and prevention of accumulation of nitrogen in the resp. carbon system up to 4 9o and enters through the face of the combined oxygen supply: well, the junction box 1, exhalation hose Z valve constant in the amount of 1.3-1.5dm3/min (through the exhalation reducer 4, regenerative cartridge 5 into the respiratory 13) and periodic - through the pulmonary machine 14. bag 7. When passing through the cartridge 5, which In addition, the respirator has a third channel for supplying oxygen to the system: bypassing the reducer 13 through the valve, the air is cleaned of carbon dioxide, the heater 12, which is activated when pressed and humidified. When inhaling air from the bag, press the button (Fig. 7). 7 through the refrigerator 18, the inhalation valve 19, the hose The excess air formed in the rebreathing system 20, the junction box 1 and the front part of the respirator as a result of excess oxygen supply enters the human lungs. over its human need, is issued in at-

The movement of air during human breathing is due to the dichamosphere through the excess pressure valve b. valves 4 and 19 is always carried out in one direction - in a closed circuit. When exhaling, the exhalation valve 4 opens from the junction box 1, when inhaling, the valve for saliva flowing from the mouthpiece is opened, and when inhaling, valve 19 opens. shown by arrows in Fig.1. masks The pump works when pressed with the fingers of the palm

Air inhaled from the bag 7 when passing the rubber pear. through the refrigerator 18; the inhalation hose 20 cools the pressure of oxygen in the cylinder 8 while working in the resp. due to heat transfer to the surrounding serator is controlled by the manometer 15. In the case of a lower pressure through the walls of these constituent parts. In the event of damage to the tube with a capillary 21 connecting the pressure gauge 15 with the oxygen distribution unit, or at ambient temperature of the application of the oxygen supply system, the cooling element 17, which ensures the pressure gauge can be disconnected from the unit by intensive cooling of inhaled air. with the help of the shut-off valve 10.

The air in the closed system of the respirator, which in comparison with the prototype - insulating and re-isolated from the air of the surrounding environment - generative respirator P-12M (P-12) - is simplified, enriched with oxygen, which enters the holinated useful model of the respirator P- 30, the separator 18 and the bag 7 from the cylinder 8 through the valve 9 have an improved operational and component parts of the oxygen supply system: characteristic. Isolating regenerative pressure reducer 13, lung machine 14 and bypass respirator P-30 are manufactured by OJSC "Donetsk Plant 12. For automatic provision of breathing for the rescue equipment" / 4. but in

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Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine

State Department of Intellectual Property, str. Urytskogo, 45, Kyiv, MSP, 03680, Ukraine

SE "Ukrainian Institute of Industrial Property", str. Glazunova, 1, Kyiv - 42, 01601