UA44600A - SOLAR FOCUSING THERMOPHOTOELECTRIC COLLECTOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed focusing heat-photoelectric solar collector contains a casing with transparent coating, and emission receivers in the form of a plate with tubular elements that are positioned in the reflector cavity so that their symmetry planes coincide with the main optical plane of the reflector. The reflector radius is equal to the width of the heat receiver. The emission receiver plates have crimped construction with developed surface. The plate transparent coating is coupled with a photoelectric module that consists of two optical plates with hermetically sealed photoelements of arbitrary form, which are installed between the plates and electrically connected by conductors.

Description

The invention relates to solar technology, namely to stationary focusing solar collectors intended for heating the heat carrier, and can be used in combined thermophotoelectric stationary energy systems.

The known photovoltaic module according to US patent 34239555, cl. NOTES 31/04, containing a metal frame, front and back silicate glasses and hermetically located photovoltaic elements between the glasses.

The disadvantage of this module is that in photocells, part of the energy of the solar spectrum is converted into electrical energy, and the other part turns into wasted heat.

The thermal "Solar focusing collector" according to the patent of Ukraine Mo 31866А, cl., is the closest in terms of technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed device and chosen as a prototype. 2492/, which contains a case with a transparent coating, radiation receivers in the form of leaf-tube plates placed in the reflector cavity in such a way that their planes of symmetry coincide with the main optical plane of the reflector, and the radius of the reflector is equal to the width of the heat sink.

The disadvantage of this prototype during the operation of the collector is that the radiation heat receivers are made of smooth leaf-tube plates, which leads to a significant loss of heat to the environment.

The basis of this invention is the task of increasing the efficiency of the collector due to changing the surface of the radiation receiver and due to the effective conversion of solar energy simultaneously into thermal and electrical energy.

The task is achieved by the fact that in a known focusing collector containing a body with a transparent coating, radiation receivers in the form of leaf-tube plates placed in the reflector cavity in such a way that their symmetry planes coincide with the main optical plane of the reflector, the radius of which is equal to width of the receiver. According to the invention, the plates of the radiation receiver are made corrugated with a developed surface, and the transparent coating, combined with the photovoltaic module, consists of a package of two optical plates with photocells of arbitrary shape hermetically imprisoned between them connected by current leads.

Figure 1 shows a thermophotoelectric collector - top view.

Figure 2 shows a section along A-A in fig. 1.

Figure C is a cross section along B-B in Fig. 2.

Figure 4 shows a section of a corrugated heat-receiving plate with a developed surface.

Figure 5 shows a section of a heat-receiving plate with a flat surface.

The solar focusing thermophotoelectric collector contains: a body 1 with two transparent coatings 2,3, between which photocells 4 are hermetically placed, leaf-tube radiation receivers 5 with a blackened outer surface and reflectors b with a semi-cylindrical surface optically connected to it, pipes 7 of the heat receiver, which are connected to the inlet and outlet pipes 9, 10 through the collector pipes 8, respectively.

In the role of the developed surface of the heat receiver, corrugated leaf-tube plates were made in the form of O-shaped channels with a radius of 0.5 mm, located parallel to each other along the plates (Fig. 4).

Sheet-and-tube plates with a corrugated surface were made of corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy by the industrial method of extrusion casting, which determines the thickness of the sheet-and-tube plate and the radius of the corrugation.

Comparative thermal tests in field conditions of solar focusing collectors, the prototype (KSF-1) and the proposed one (KOSFf-2), were conducted on a certified bench installation, in accordance with the approved program and test methodology, in April 2001 in Crimea.

Field tests of two collectors were carried out under the same conditions: with the same angle of inclination of the surface of the collectors to the horizon, the same intensity of solar radiation in the plane of the collectors, the same flow rate of the coolant in the collectors, the same temperature of the water at the inlet to the collectors, the same temperature of the surrounding air and wind speed, in same time

The tested KSF-1 and KSF-2 collectors had the same technical characteristics, except for one: the surface of the heat-absorbing plates of the KSF-2 collector was not flat, as in the KSF-1 collector, but corrugated in the form of plates located along the plate parallel to each other O- image channels (Fig. 4).

As a result of the tests, the following main thermal characteristics of the collectors listed in the table were determined: (Daily efficiency of the collector, x6 77777711 11116017

The analysis of the obtained results of the comparative natural thermal tests showed that the KSF-2 solar collector with a developed corrugated surface of the heat receiver compared to the KSF-1 solar collector with a flat surface of the heat receiver has a 1595 higher daily thermal productivity and a 1095 higher daily efficiency.

This is explained by the fact that the corrugated surface in the form of O-shaped channels, located parallel to each other along the heat-absorbing plate of the KSF-2 collector, absorbs solar and thermal radiation more effectively compared to the flat surface of the KSF-1 plates.

Silicon disks with a diameter of 100 mm and a thickness of 400 μm were used as photocells, manufactured according to known technology.

The theoretical coefficient (Kteog) of filling the surface of the transparent plate of the collector with photocells is determined by the formula:

WITH

K - photo owner from above her ) where Ofotovl. - Total surface area of photocells;

Upstairs - --.- Surface area of the optical coating 2

Vozhot d (2)

Zo. - ASK (3) where t is the number of disks in the horizontal row of the coating, n is the number of disks in the vertical row of the coating, and is the diameter of the photocell disk

According to formulas (1), (2), (3), we obtain the theoretical filling factor:

Kteor - 0.785

The real filling factor, which takes into account the 2-mm gaps between the disks, is equal to:

Creal. and 0.75, which corresponds to 7595 filling of the surface of the optical coating with photocells.

The manufactured solar focusing thermophotoelectric collector works as follows:

Photocells convert part of the solar energy into electrical energy. From the electrical terminals of the photomodule, the generated electrical energy is delivered to the consumer. The infrared component of the incident solar radiation passes unhindered through the silicon photocells and the optical coating of the collector, reaching the heat sink.

During the day, the following spectrum of radiation enters the sheet-tube heat receiver of the collector directly and reflected from the reflective aluminum surface of the reflector, namely: "- total solar radiation from 2,595 square meters of transparent coating; " infrared component of solar radiation from 7,595 square meters of coverage occupied by photocells; "- proper thermal radiation from the entire area of the inner heated surface of the transparent coating C (Fig. 3).

Laboratory tests have shown that the corrugated developed surface of the heat sink effectively absorbs the radiation spectrum listed above and heats the coolant coming through the receiver pipe, which is allocated from the collector to the consumer. At the same time, excess heat from photovoltaic elements is allocated, which increases their efficiency.

The solar focusing thermal PV collector, which produces both heat and electricity at the same time, has a higher efficiency of 70905 compared to the efficiency of 5095 of the solar focusing collector and the efficiency of 10905 of the PV module operating in split mode.

Dense packing of photocells in the form of disks occupying 75,905 areas of the optical coverage of the heat of the photovoltaic collector corresponds to the optimal ratio of received electrical energy to thermal energy, respectively, 1:3.

The proposed device has a high efficiency, simpler manufacturing technology, increased operational reliability, lower material consumption compared to analogs operating in a separate mode. and COLLECTOR; CHONINNYOLNNNU IN, CHOLO NO UNO OO UNO NDO NN NN, hl, Kk H 2 sh- m Azh y » 9 chsatttlrrinnTtnchvnyTTnnniniiiiiiiiiininin

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Claims (1)

A solar focusing thermophotoelectric collector containing a case with a transparent coating, radiation receivers in the form of sheet-tube plates placed in the reflector cavity in such a way that their symmetry planes coincide with the main optical plane of the reflector, and the radius of the reflector is equal to the width of the heat receiver are located in parallel in it , which is distinguished by the fact that the plates of the radiation receiver are made of corrugated with a developed surface, and the transparent coating is connected to the photovoltaic module, consists of a package of two optical plates with photocells of arbitrary shape hermetically placed between them connected by current leads.