UA32191U - Method for recording affection of cereals and grain legumes with leaf diseases - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of recording the affection of cereals and grain legumes with leaf diseases includes spectral analysis of the colour with application of a software, preliminary assessment of the obtained data with the assessment carried out by a method of computerized diagnostics and includes forming an image of a leaf using a scanner and distributing the image area onto spectral constituents and comparing thereof for isolating the damaged areas of the leaf.

Description

The useful model refers to the field of agriculture, namely to phytopathology and can be used in the selection of cereal grain and leguminous crops for their resistance to damage by foliar diseases.

There are known methods of accounting for damage to leaf diseases of grain ear crops (1, 2), which include a single classification of resistance, for which a 9-point rating scale based on the area of the affected leaf surface has been implemented.

The disadvantage of these methods is that they are based on the visual determination of the percentage of the affected leaf surface.

There are also ways to comprehensively assess the resistance of leguminous crops to pests and diseases (3, 4), which include 5-point scales for assessing damage or damage to plants. Their disadvantage is the visual nature of the assessment.

The closest in technical essence is the method of determining pepper maturity by color and modulating harvest times (5), in which a digital camera is used to continuously register the development of the color gamut intensity in sweet peppers grown indoors. The intensity of red, green and blue color (NOV) is determined in fruits. With the help of the software, the image obtained using natural light, without additional lighting, is processed. Fruits are photographed in the morning to avoid direct sunlight on the fruit surface. Photos are processed using a computer program (bidta beap Rgo zoimage (5P55, Spisado II, 60606). For each image of the fetus, the average intensity value (intensity from 0 to 250) is determined for red (B), green (C), and blue (B) and the ratios H:C, H:B, (4:B) are calculated. Its disadvantage is that less reliable data is obtained and it is used only to determine the maturity of sweet pepper.

The basis of a useful model is the task of providing the selection process with objective data on the stability of the selection material by increasing the reliability of accounting for the affected leaf area.

The set goal is solved by the fact that the assessment of resistance is carried out by accurately determining the percentage of the affected surface of the leaf of the upper tier using computer equipment.

The principle of operation of the proposed useful model is carried out as follows: - with the help of a scanner and computer equipment, an image of the object /leaf/ is formed (fig. 1); - the area of the image (characteristic for this culture) that will be studied is outlined; - the image is divided into spectral components - red (B), green (C), brown (B); - the values of the spectral components characteristic of the sample under study are compared with the reference /base/ values (Table 1); - standard (KvA-KhaKzV) Kv - red; Kha - green; KzV - brown; - areas that differ in spectral characteristics from the reference value are highlighted; - object areas with parameters that exceed the reference parameters or are lower than the reference parameters are taken into account.

Obtaining an image is possible without injuring the research object, which makes it possible to conduct research in the dynamics of development.

The developed accounting method using computer equipment allows you to accurately determine the area of the leaf surface affected by septoriosis, therefore it can be used to reliably determine the parameters of the variation in the development of diseases in the populations of Ри Р», Ри, ЕР» when carrying out genetic analysis for compliance with gene control models, which is expedient use in the selection of cereal grain and leguminous crops to increase their resistance to foliar diseases.

Table 1

Results of measuring the area of affected leaves

Me sample

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List of references 1. Babayants L.T. et al. Methods of selection and stability assessment of wheat and barley in the member countries of the SZV. -

Prague, 1988. - P.193-208. 2. The method of assessing the resistance of wheat breeding material to septoriosis. - Moscow, 1989. - 43b. 3. Posilaeva G.A. Scales for evaluating the complex resistance of peas to diseases and pests. - IL Mo25-95. -

Kharkiv, 1994. - 206. 4. Posyilaeva G.A. Scale! evaluation of the complex resistance of grain crops to pests and diseases. -

Kharkov, 1990. - 186b. 5. MP MU.S., NIIII V.O. Mashga! peruoik toaveiipud oi her soiog apa shor magpariev yu rgedisii Naguezi daiez oi dgeep poize-dgomp zueyei rerregz //Sapadiap doshgpai oi Riapi zsieepse. - 2007. - M.87. - 1. - R.137-143.

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Claims (1)

The method of accounting for damage to grain and leguminous crops by foliar diseases, which includes spectral analysis of color using software, preliminary evaluation of the determined data, which is distinguished by the fact that the evaluation is carried out by the method of computer diagnostics and includes the formation of an image of a leaf using a scanner 1 division of the image area into spectral components and their comparison to highlight the affected areas of the leaf.