UA29021U - Electromagnetic contactor - Google Patents

Abstract

An electromagnet contactor consists of a contact and magnet systems, movable and fixed contacts with terminals to connect elements of electrical circuit, a core, a pulling coil, adjusting bolts, a current-collecting device, assemblies for setting pressure force in the form of spring-kind elements having a screw-type regulator, a flexible conductor, arc-suppression coil in the form of a spiral having air gaps between coils, a spring-interrupter.

Description

Description of the invention

The useful model belongs to the electrical engineering industry and can be used as a remote action device 2, designed for multiple switching on and off of electrical circuits of electrical installations powered by an electric current of considerable voltage. The electromagnetic contactor in combination with additional devices can provide control and protection of circuits from current loads of various automatic and semi-automatic electrical equipment used in all industries.

The known design of the contactor, which consists of a single-pole contact, an electromagnet, a circuit 70 of power supply and control I.S. Morkun, L.S. Tonkoshkur, E.E. Harkovenko "Electrical equipment and power supply of mining enterprises", Kryvyi Rih, Ed. "Mineral", 2005, pp. 50-53. |

The disadvantage of the known device is that its design is designed to connect and disconnect one conductor of an electric circuit. These contactors can be used in the case where switching or disconnection of the electrical control circuit of a low-power electrical installation is required. The known contactor 79 does not allow its use in the control circuits of energy-intensive consumers, because the resulting electric arc destroys the body of the contacts in a short period of operation, making the device unsuitable for further use. To control low-power three-phase circuits, it is necessary to use three well-known contactors, which negatively affects the cost of control systems, increasing the costs of their repair and maintenance.

The closest technical solution, chosen as a prototype, is an electromagnetic contactor consisting of a contact and magnetic system, while the contact system consists of fixed contacts fixed to the base, as well as movable contacts fixed to the shaft, which is kinematically connected with magnetic system supplied with a core and a retracting coil, while the poles of the moving and stationary contacts are supplied with terminals for connecting the elements of the electric circuit (P.P. Myroshkin "Zlectroslesar 29 obogatitelnykh fabrik", M., "Nedra", 1988, p.94 - 961. - o

The known device is used to connect electric motors to the power supply network, output starting and adjusting resistances, turn on electromagnets and other devices.

The disadvantage of the known contactor is that its use is limited to low-voltage electrical circuits due to the fact that the design of the arc extinguishing chamber does not allow dividing the electric arc into separate -- 30 elements and weakening its destructive effect on moving and stationary contacts. When the contacts are opened, the electric arc between the moving and stationary contact is maintained up to a distance determined by the magnitude of the electric current flowing in the circuit. at

The known design does not allow changing the parameters of the contact group depending on the currents flowing through it. The device does not provide for the adjustment of the position of the movable contacts relative to the fixed ones, as well as the adjustment of the pressing force of the movable contacts during the operation of the device. with

The process of closing and opening contacts is accompanied by a strong dynamic shock, which negatively affects the service life of the structural elements of the contactor, especially the elements of the magnetic system block. The known device does not provide for the reduction of dynamic effects on the elements of the magnetic system unit in the process of connecting or disconnecting the electric circuit by using various types of Z 50 shock-absorbing devices. c The claimed useful model is illustrated by drawings where Fig. 1 shows the diagram of an electromagnetic contactor;

From" in Fig. 2 - arc extinguishing coil, side view; Fig. 3 - arc extinguishing coil, front view.

The purpose of the useful model is to improve the design of the electromagnetic contactor due to the fact that the arc-extinguishing elements are made in the form of a spiral with an air gap between the turns, and the movable contacts 45 are supplied with an adjusting device for fixing the regulated position and the pressure force against the stationary contacts in the closed position. The magnetic system of the device is provided with a system of shock absorbers fixed (se) to the moving and stationary part of the magnetic circuit.

The use of an electromagnetic contactor makes it possible to ensure multiple breaking and commutation of an electric circuit when used in the control circuits of devices designed for the flow of currents of 20 high voltage. The design of the device requires minimal labor and material costs for current maintenance and repair. and The task is solved due to the fact that the electromagnetic contactor consists of a contact and magnetic system, while the contact system consists of fixed contacts fixed to the base, as well as movable contacts fixed to the shaft, which is kinematically connected to the magnetic system supplied a core and a retracting coil, while the poles of the moving and fixed contacts are supplied with terminals for connecting the elements of the electric circuit.

According to the useful model, the movable contacts are fixed with regulator bolts to the current collector and with the help of insulators to the shaft, while the movable contacts interact with the nodes of the application of the pressing force, made in the form of elastic and flexible elements with a screw regulator and with the help of a flexible 60 conductor electrically connected connected to the poles of the contactor by the supplied terminals, and the fixed contacts are fixed to the arc extinguishing coils, each of which is made in the form of a spiral with air gaps between the turns and is electrically connected to the corresponding pole of the contactor, while the magnetic system of the contactor consists of a fixed and a moving magnetic wire, which supplied with shock absorbers, while the movable magnetic wire is hinged on the support and interacts with the opening spring, while it is made with the possibility of fixing the extreme position with a limiter, and the core of the stationary magnetic wire is covered by the retracting coil.

The contact system of the contactor consists of movable (1) and fixed (2) finger-type contacts. The movable contact (1) is fixed to the insulator (3). To adjust the distance between the movable and fixed contacts (1, 2), a bolt regulator (5) with a lock nut (6) is installed on the current collector (4) of the movable contact (1), which simultaneously

It is used to fix the movable contact on the current collector (4). To adjust the distance between the contacts (1, 2), the bolt-regulator interacts with the stop (7). The free movement of the above-described unit is ensured by means of sliding bearings (8), which are installed on the movable axis (9), mounted on the insulator (3) and pressed into the guide (10) of the movable contact (1). The necessary force to press the movable contact (1) to the stationary one (2) is provided with the help of an elastic and flexible assembly: a spring (11) and a screw regulator 7/0 Force (12).

The stationary contact (2) is attached to the arc extinguishing coil (13), which in turn is electrically connected to the pole (14) of the contactor supplied with the terminal, the stationary contact (2) is attached to the arc extinguishing coil (13).

The arc extinguishing coil (13) is made in the form of a spiral with air gaps between turns.

The pantograph (4) of the movable contact is connected to the pole 7/5 by means of a flexible electrical connection (15). A16) of the contactor supplied with the terminal.

The magnetic system of the contactor consists of a profile base (17) to which the holder (18) of the stationary magnetic conductor (19) is fixed. The movable magnetic wire (20), hinged on the support (21), interacts with the opening spring (23) by means of a kinematic connection (22). The core of the stationary magnetic circuit (19) is covered by the coil (24), which retracts. The stationary and movable magnet wire (19, 20) are provided with elastic and flexible, for example, spring shock absorbers (25).

The limiter (26) fixed to the profile base (17) is used to fix the extreme position of the movable magnetic conductor (20) when the contacts (1, 2) of the contactor are opened.

In addition to movable contacts (1), a movable magnet wire (20) is fixed on the axis (9).

The supporting nodes of the contactor are installed on the mounting rail (27), which is supplied with fastening elements for the placement of the contactor in distribution cabinets or cabinets for placing control circuits of the electrical unit.

The electromagnetic contactor works as follows.

For clarity, the operation of the contactor is considered on the example of the interaction of a magnetic system with a contact group represented by one moving (1) and one stationary contact (2). "- zo The load-bearing nodes of the contactor are installed on the mounting rail (27). When the contacts (1, 2) of the contactor are open, there is a large air gap between the planes of the movable and immovable magnetic conductors (19, 20), which close, so the inductive resistance of the coil (24), which draws in, is small. at

When voltage is supplied from the control panel to the coil (24), which draws in, a current that significantly exceeds the nominal flows through its small ohmic and inductive resistance. As a result of this, there is a significant force that Me zv attracts the moving magnetic wire (20) to the stationary one (19), which is installed on the holder (18) and fixed to the profile base (17).

Since the movable magnetic wire (20) is rigidly connected to the contactor shaft and, accordingly, its rotation occurs simultaneously with the movable contact (1). The inertia of the rotary movement of the magnetic circuit is extinguished by shock absorbers (25). "

When the magnetic conductors are closed, the inductance of the coil (24), which pulls in, increases significantly, and the current passing through it decreases to the nominal value. In the closed state, the magnetic system can work for a long time without overheating the conductor of the retracting coil (24). ;" When the magnetic wires (19, 20) are closed and the axis (9) is rotated, the insulator (3) attached to it rotates with all the elements attached to it - the current collector (4) and the movable contact (1). In the event of a moving collision

Contact (1) with fixed contact (2) a node that regulates the distance between the contacts in the open state, which begins to rotate around the axis (9), while on the moving contact (1) of each of the poles of the contactor, a spring (11) creates a force that ensures the required degree of contact contact (1, 2). The amount of force and pressure of the contacts (1, 2) is adjusted using the screw force regulator (12). o After the contacts (1, 2) are closed, the current flows from the source to the consumer through the circuit: upper pole (14), 5p arc extinguishing coil (13), fixed contact (2), movable contact (1), current collector (4), flexible conductor (15) and lower pole (16).

Кк If it is necessary to interrupt the electric circuit between the source of electric current and its consumer, the electric coil (24) pulling in the circuit is broken from the control panel. After removing the tension in the retracting coil (24), the energy of the compressed spring (11) of the flexible assembly and the opening spring (23) and through the kinematic connection (22) acts on the movable magnet wire (20), which hinges fixed on the support (21). This provides movement of the axis (9) of the contactor and its rotation. The rotation of the axis (9) continues until the mobile magnetic circuit (20) collides with the limiter (26).

The distance between the movable and fixed contacts (1, 2) is adjusted with the regulator bolt (5) and fixed with the lock nut (b), which is simultaneously used to fix the movable contact on the current collector (4). When adjusting the distance between contacts (1, 2), the bolt regulator interacts with the stop (7). The free movement of this unit is ensured by sliding bearings (8), which are installed on the movable axis (9), mounted on the insulator (3) and pressed into the guide (10) of the movable contact (1).

Shock loads during the movement of the movable magnetic circuit (20) when the contactor is turned off and on are dampened by shock absorbers (25) made of a spring or other elastic-pliable material, as well as a limiter (26) in the form of a rod element covered with an elastic-pliable material.

The limiter (26) also serves to set the initial gap between the magnetic conductors (19, 20).

When the retracting coil (24) is turned off, the energy of the compressed springs (11, 23) moves the contactor shaft (9), which leads to the opening of the movable (1) and non-movable (2) contacts.

Opening contacts (1, 2) under load leads to the formation of an arc between them. Arc current flows

Through the arc extinguishing coil (13). Under the influence of electromagnetic forces created by the arc extinguishing coil, the arc moves to the ends of the contacts and is drawn out in the arc extinguishing chamber, where it is finally extinguished.

The contactor is intended for operation in installations where the currents have significant nominal values. These currents determine the occurrence of an arc when the current-carrying elements break. In this regard, the reliable operation of the contactor is possible only under the condition of periodic maintenance, which consists in checking the surface / surfaces of the contact group and the interaction of moving parts.

Experimental and industrial tests of the electromagnetic contactor showed its high operational reliability when used in industrial installations, which involves multiple connection and disconnection of the electric circuit.

Claims (1)

19 Formula of the invention Electromagnetic contactor consisting of contact and magnetic systems, while the contact system consists of fixed contacts fixed to the base, as well as movable contacts fixed to the shaft, 20. THAT is kinematically connected to a magnetic system equipped with a core and a retracting coil, while the poles of movable and immovable contacts are equipped with terminals for connecting elements of an electric circuit, which is distinguished by the fact that the movable contacts are fixed with regulator bolts to the current collector and with the help of insulators - to the shaft, at the same time, the movable contacts interact with the nodes of the application of the pressing force, made in the form of elastic and flexible elements with a screw regulator, and with the help of a flexible conductor, they are electrically connected to the poles of the contactor, equipped with terminals, and the stationary contacts are fixed to the arc extinguishing coils, each of which is made in the form of a spiral with air gaps between the turns and is electrically connected to the corresponding pole of the contactor, and the magnetic system of the contactor consists of a fixed and a moving magnet wire equipped with shock absorbers, while the movable magnet wire is hinged on the support and interacts with the opening spring at the same time, it is made with the possibility of fixing the extreme position with a limiter, and the core of the stationary magnetic circuit is covered by the retracting coil. c "c) (o) c - and? ime) se) ("c) ime) - 60 b5