UA26261U - Static self-feeding generator - Google Patents

Abstract

A static self-feeding generator consists of a stator with phase winding coils installed on it and addition electromagnets chosen in pairs and connected together at tap-offs from the stator center and used for eliminating of stator magnetic resistance, and a stationary rotor. Rotor poles are rigidly fixed on inner stator surface and have a gap necessary to limit impact of magnet fluxes on the rotor. Between rotor's poles around circle it is installed stationary electromagnets. Excitation windings of magnetic fluxes and stationary electromagnets are equipped with coils made of ferromagnetic materials characterized with high magnetic induction and linked in such a way their magnetic fluxes opposite directed.

Description

Description of the invention

The self-sustaining static generator (hereinafter referred to as SG) is designed to produce alternating current of high 2 voltage and can be used as an independent source of electricity in any industry.

Modern generators work on the principle of converting a number of energies (fuel, mechanical, magnetic) into one electrical energy. Accordingly, energy consumption is always more than its production.

Any industrial generator G can be taken as an analogue of SG, since each G has a stator with phase windings and a rotor with excitation windings, but each of them has a magnetic resistance (further - Mo) of the stator, known as 70 braking moment G, to which the power torques (mechanical) increases several times.

If the magnetic resistance of the stator is canceled, and the rotor is made of ferromagnetic materials, which are capable of strong magnetization in weak magnetic fields, then the required power, both electrical and mechanical, is reduced several times. And if the magnetic fluxes of the rotor are directed towards each other, in a circle, then the required power decreases again. That is, to such a level at which it is expedient to change mechanical torques to magnetic torques.

The invention is based on the task of significantly reducing the required power Г, with which to introduce feedback between the output and input Г through a current converter (hereinafter - PS), which ensures self-powering of Г and the formation of magneto current torques of variable directions between the stationary rotor and stator G.

The task is solved by introducing means of counter-rectification of magnetic fluxes (hereinafter - MP) of fixed electromagnets (hereinafter - NEM) installed in the gaps between the poles of the rotor in a circle, and the difference between the magnetic induction (hereinafter - Mind) of the cores of the NEM rotor and the coils of the phase winding of the stator by 1000-3000 times, as well as counter-magnetic cancellation of the magnetic resistance of the stator G.

The closest in essence to the means and methods of crossing the turns of the coils of the phase winding, relative to the characteristics of the prototype G with a stationary rotor, is the Manual of Electrical Engineering (Textbook for Soldiers and Sergeants, Voennoe 29, published by the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, Moscow, 1964, authored by Vrublevsky and others , pp. 121-124, chapter Induced EMF (in coils. Lenz's rule, fig. 91, 92, 93, 94), which illustrate a coil connected to a galvanometer, in the middle of which a magnet or electromagnet is installed, the terminals of which are connected to the battery through a switch and a rheostat in series, and experiment on them.

According to the conclusions of the experiments, - any change in the magnetic field in the middle of the coil (switching on and off - 30 chain, movement of the magnet or electromagnet, changing the current of the electromagnet and the signs of the current) Ge) is accompanied by the occurrence of an induced EMF in it. The closest in essence to the cancellation of Mo of the stator G, which, according to Lenz's rule, counteracts the MP of the NEM simultaneously with the appearance of EMF in the coils, - (Manual with

Electrical engineering (Textbook for soldiers and sergeants, Izdat.min-vo oborony USSR, Moscow, 1964, author Vrublevskii "o and others, pp. 251-253, fig. 232)1. A generator with additional electromagnets, with which an additional 35 magnetic field is directed against the Mo armature and neutralizes it. high school

The closest in terms of the ratio of the output power of the magnetic field to the input electric power is the Motor on the internal energy of ferromagnets // Vynahidnyk Ukrainy Mo 2 1997, Mo 1 1998, author. M.I. Tytorenko!i, where an increase in the output power of the magnetic field over the input power that excites this field was recorded - by a factor of 5. From 50 The closest in essence to self-feeding is an electromagnetic motor // patents of Ukraine Mo 33848А, Mo с 33165А and magnetic motor according to the patent Mo37459А of the inventor M.I. Tytorenko, in which due to a significant

Due to the reduction of the input electric power, relative to the output magnetic power, part of the output power is converted into electric power, which ensures self-powering of the motor.

And also, the problem takes into account - the distribution of the lines of force of the active and counteractive MPs relative to the center and 45 surface of the stator core, because the center and the surface have different values relative to the concentration of the lines of force o (Posibnyk Elektrotekhnika 1964, author Vrublevskii et al., p. 102 - Solenoid field). Therefore, to cancel Mo

Ge") of the stator, additional electromagnets (hereinafter - DEM) are selected in pairs and are connected to each other on taps from the center of the stator (see item 5 Fig. 1) with a relatively thin thickness, i.e. until the appearance of pressure between the oppositely directed de magnetic flows of the DEM .

Gee! 20 Meanwhile, the problem takes into account the tendency to non-magnetization of the core of the phase winding from its field (Fig. 2). Therefore, the magnetic induction of the material responsible for the formation of the stator core should be very small, in the range of 0.0005...0.01T, and the magnetic permeability will be equal to dense ferrites, i.e. from 10,000 and above.

According to the invention, - magnetic flux torques are formed due to the pressure between oppositely directed MPs of fixed electromagnets located in a circle between the rotor poles. That is, due to the pressure, the currents turn and rotate through the magnetic conductor of the stator, which should have a very large magnetic permeability and a very small magnetic induction, and the cores of NEM and DEM, on the contrary, should have a very large Mind.

Therefore, it will be advisable to arrange poles with correspondingly thin walls between them and perform them, as well as cores

DEM Its NEM, for example, is made of plates of cold-rolled anisotropic steel grade 3411 with Mind 1.81 T and magnetic permeability 10000, and the stator magnetic wire is made of hot-rolled steel grade 1561 with Mind 0.0007 T and 60 magnetic permeability 10000, or similar.

In addition, the surfaces of the ends of the poles and the cores of the NEM must be even and smooth to each other and pressed together with the help of plates made of non-magnetic materials (see item 9, Fig. 1). And the surfaces of the poles - to be rigidly fixed on the inner surface of the stator, but with a non-magnetic gap (item 10 of Fig. 1), necessary to limit the effect of MP DEM on the core of the NEM or without gaps between the poles and the stator (see Fig. 2) and, accordingly without DEM. because the difference between the Mind of the rotor and stator cores SG allows to reduce the number of turns of the DEM and HEM windings and their sizes and to increase, in proportion to the reduction, the number of turns and the wire section of the coils of the phase winding G and their sizes.

And also, it will be advisable to make NEM and DEM cores charged, because charged cores have no resistance to remagnetization.

Thus, the NEM and DEM excitation windings are equipped with chargeable cores made of ferromagnetic materials with Mind 1.81T, and the phase winding coils - with Mind 0.0007T, or similar, which provides a significant reduction in the required power and an increase in the difference between the output and input power Г.

A significant reduction allows you to introduce feedback, in the form of a thyristor current converter (TC), 70 tasked with converting a part of the output voltage of an alternating current into a direct current of alternating sign sequence, which is fed to phases A and B of the input windings G (Аж,В-; A -,Vzh; Ak,V-,.) with a frequency of 50 Hz, which ensures the excitation of MP NEM and changing their directions 50 times per second. That is, due to the alternating sign sequence of the current in phases A and B of the NEM of the rotor G, and due to the pressure between the oppositely directed MP NEM, - between the cores of the rotor and stator, magnetic flux torques of alternating directions are formed, which cross 7/5 turns of the coils with a frequency of 50 times /sec, which excludes G from external sources, both electrical and mechanical energy.

This current converter (see Fig. 3) can be performed with a single-phase, two-phase, or three-phase voltage source, but to obtain a high-voltage EMF, it will be advisable to perform the PS with a two-phase direct current source of alternating sign sequence. At the same time, the ratio of output power to input power is significant

It is increasing.

For current commutation (switching current from one phase to another) in the PS, special switching circuits 1I-C and auxiliary thyristors are equipped (see Fig. 3).

If the current is initially passed through phases A and B (open terminals M7 and M10), then through phases B and A (open terminals M8 and M9), then through phases A and B (open terminals M7 and M10) etc., then the excited MPs in the NEM will change directions relative to the specified sequence, etc.

To close the reactive composite armature in the PS, diodes Y5 -O08 are installed, connected in parallel with the frame - but in the opposite direction.

Locking of M7 and M8 pins connected to the pole of a positive value is performed by the I1-C1 circuit. When the auxiliary gate MI is opened, the capacitor SI is charged through the inductive coil 1 to a double voltage with de

From GG and closes the shooting range of MI. Then UZ or M4 gates are opened and reverse (positive) voltage is applied to M7 or U8 gates. At the same time, the corresponding tir-p is locked, and capacitor 1 is discharged into the load. Analogously to x, the MU and M10 pins connected to the negative pole are locked. From the beginning, the auxiliary gate M2 opens and the capacitor C2 is charged through the inductive coil /2. Then the M5 or Ub terminals are opened, and the anodes of the MU and M10 terminals are connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor C2. ise)

The thyristor control system (not shown) can be powered both from external voltage sources and from the output voltage of the SG.

Thus, a significant reduction in the required input power G is achieved due to counter-rectification of the magnetic field, the internal energy of the ferromagnets, the difference between the Mind of the cores, the absence of the Mo stator and high-voltage EMF from the magneto current torques of variable directions with a frequency of 50 times/sec. That is, "static (with a non-moving rotor) G - self-sustaining (with PS in feedback) is disconnected from third-party sources of both electrical and mechanical energy. . For a useful SGS model, two variants of SGS designs are offered at the same time, because depending on the functions and? consumer, both SGs are appropriate, or one of them or a composite one.

If the consumer needs a rectangular current, then SG Fig. 1 is performed without gaps between the poles and the stator or SG Fig. 2 with DEM. At the same time, the MP DEMs do not have time to realize resistance to the MP NEM, since the current in the co-windings of the DEM lags behind the current in the NEM windings.

If more high-voltage EMFs of a rectangular shape or universal and a greater ratio of kW me) of output power per kg of the mass of SG are needed, then it will be appropriate to perform an SGS with a composite stator core and with a PS configured for the induction of a rectangular or other shaped current. That is, the core of the core of the phase winding of the SG

It is made of hot-rolled iron, and the sides are made of cold-rolled iron. At the same time, in the center of the heart, as it were

Me. a pulling magnetic funnel appears with a selected thrust, which turns the directions of the magnetic resistance of the stator at 1807 to the center of the core and, as it were, accompanies the magnetic field of the NEM along the core, which compensates for the losses from the resistance of the current field of the coils of the phase winding H. That is, if necessary, the SG design can be can be combined, and the PS thyristor control system can be performed universally.

A useful SG model is explained by drawings, which are shown in: Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of a self-sustaining static generator. Fig. 2. Scheme of a similar SG (interchangeable) design. Fig. 3. Electrical diagram of the PS and SG current converter.

Fig.1. SG contains stator 1, formed from hot-rolled steel grade 1561 with Mind 0.0007 Tl, with coils 2 of the phase winding located on it, connected in series, additional electromagnets Z DEM, designed to cancel Mo of the stator, which are selected in pairs and connected between on taps 5 from the center of the stator, excitation windings 4, which are equipped with layered cores formed from cold-rolled anisotropic steel grade 3411 with Mind 1.81T and connected to the phase winding coils in series and so that their MP12 are directed towards each other and opposite Mo stator; rotor containing poles b, made of plates of cold-rolled anisotropic steel grade 3411 with Mind 1.81T, fixed electromagnets 7 NEM, located between b5 poles in a circle, with excitation windings 8, which are equipped with layered cores formed from cold-rolled anisotropic steel grade 3411 with Mind 1.81 T and compressed at the ends of the poles with the help of plates

9 from non-magnetic materials.

The poles of the rotor are rigidly fixed on the inner surface of the stator, but with a non-magnetic gap 10, which is necessary to limit the effect of MP 11 DEM on the rotor.

The NEM windings are connected so that their MP 12 are directed toward each other, the outputs of which are phases A and B and are connected to the output G through the PS (see Fig. 3).

Fig. 2. Scheme of a similar design of the SG, replacing the design of the SG of Fig. 1 on the condition that the Mind of the rotor and stator cores Г is a multiple of 2500 - 3000, that is, if the Mind of the rotor core is 1.8T, then the Mind of the stator should be 2500 - 3000 times less. 70 SG (Fig. 2) contains a stator 1 with Mind 0.0007T with coils 2 of the phase winding connected in series, and a rotor core 7 with poles 6, with excitation windings 8 connected so that their MP 12 are directed towards each other to each other at the points КИ / ОО, the outputs of which are phases A and B, which are connected to the current converter PS in feedback Г.

A similar design of SG Fig. 2 differs from the design of SG Fig. 1 in that additional electromagnets

DEMs are absent, respectively, there are gaps between the poles and the stator core, and there are no losses in the gaps, but there are losses from the concentration of Mo power lines in the center of the stator core, but of relatively small power. Therefore, the designs of SG Fig. 1 and SG Fig. 2 are interchangeable.

Fig. 3. Electrical diagram of the PS and SG current converter.

Operation of SG with feedback and operation of PS. (The diagram shows the moment when the current moves through phases A and B, that is, Ah B-, as well as the direction of movement of the MP (current).

The SG is started from an external voltage source with a similar PS.

From the beginning and then, - the current moves through phases A and B along the excitation windings (hereinafter - OZ) of the NEM (ie, AkV- - open gates M7 and M10). The directions of 12 excited MPs of NEMs head towards each other and meet at points K and i, and under the pressure of the opposing action, they change directions in the core 1 of the coils of the phase winding through the opposite poles 6 and non-magnetic gaps 10. Then the MPs move from points K, Y to points Oh, Oh, the intersecting turns of the coils, and by the way of the attraction force, the NEMs rotate in their cores 7. t

After 1/50th of a second, the current moves through phases B and A (that is, in the reverse direction A-B-- - open tir-ry M8 and MIU). The directions of the excited MP NEM, directed towards each other, meet at the points in and

Or. Then the MPs turn, move to points K and I, crossing the turns of the coils, and return to the core. "- zo After 1/50th of a second, the current moves through phases A and B (AktV- - open arrows M7 and M10) and so on according to the indicated sequence A-8-; A-V'k; AV-,... co

Thus, between the cores of the rotor and stator, magnetic flux torques of alternating directions with a frequency of 50 times/sec are formed, from which high-voltage EMFs of different directions are induced (by turns of the coils).

The coils are connected in series between each other and between 03 DEM, therefore, all the current G moves through 03 DEM, and the output of G is followed by the AC voltage. That is, at the same time as the EMF appears in the coils, Mo of the stator of its MP DEM is excited, and under the pressure of the total power of pairs of DEMs, the Mo power of equal magnitude is canceled. That is, the greater the load current, the greater the power of Mo, but the greater the pressure of the total, correspondingly equal and opposite power, with which Mo is canceled.

Next, a part of the alternating current output voltage is removed from output Г and fed to «0 PS through diodes ХО1 - 04. at this moment, auxiliary shooting ranges MI and M2 are opened in the PS. Then the capacitors C1 and C2 are charged through -ptv) with inductive coils 1/1 and 12 to the double voltage G and close the auxiliary terminals MI and M2. Then the MUZ and M5 gates are opened, the UZ gate supplies M7 with a reverse (feedback) current, with which the M7 gate closes, and the capacitor C1;" discharged into cargo. Tir-p M5 supplies a reverse (negative) current to MIO, with which Tir-p M10 is locked, and capacitor C2 discharges into the load. Similarly, the M8 and M9 guns are locked after 1/50th of a second. From the beginning, the capacitors СИ, С2 are charged through the inductive coils ГИ, 12 to the double voltage Г and the gates MI, M2 are closed, then the gates MA and Mb are opened, with the current of which MU8 and MU are closed.

Thus, the alternating sign sequence of the direct current is carried out due to the simultaneous closing and opening of the thyristors M7, MIO and M8, MU. similar construction of SG Fig. 2 and SG Fig. 1, according to the invention, it can be performed as an energy-saving 5o transformer (multiplier) with windings of high voltage alternating current in the rotor.

Me, The principle of SG designs (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) can be arranged on modern transformers under the conditions of the difference between the Mind of the cores of the primary and secondary windings. That is, in transformers with U-shaped core segments, etc.

Claims (4)

The formula of the invention p 1. A static generator is self-powered, containing a stator 1 with coils 2 of the generator phase winding located on it and additional electromagnets (DEM) 3, which are selected in pairs and connected to each other on taps 5 from the center of the stator (in the spaces between the coils), designed to eliminate the magnetic resistance of the stator, and a fixed rotor, the poles of which are rigidly fixed on the inner surface of the stator, but with a non-magnetic gap 10, necessary to limit the effect of magnetic fluxes of the DEM on the rotor, between the poles of which, in a circle, fixed electromagnets (NEM) are installed 7, which differs in that the excitation windings of DEM and HEM 4.8 are equipped with cores of ferromagnetic materials with high magnetic induction (Mind), for example, from 65 cold-rolled anisotropic steel grade 3411 with Mind 1.81 T or similar, and are connected so , so that their magnetic fluxes 12 are directed towards each other. 2. Self-powered static generator according to claim 1, which differs in that the cores of DEM and HEM are made of charged ones. Q. The static generator is self-sustaining according to claim 1, which differs in that the coils of the phase winding of the generator are equipped with a core of ferromagnetic materials with a very small Mind, for example, from hot-rolled steel of the 1561 grade with a Mind of 0.0007 T or similar, and are connected to each other and between the DEM windings in series and so that the directions of the DEM magnetic fluxes are opposite to the magnetic resistance of the stator. 4. A self-sustaining static generator according to claim 1, which differs in that a thyristor current converter PS is connected to the output of the generator, designed to convert a part of the output voltage of alternating current zmo into direct current of alternating sign sequence, which is supplied to phases A and B of the input windings of the generator (Ак, В-; А-, Вк; Ак, В-,...) with a frequency of 50 Hz, which ensures the excitation of the NEM magnetic fluxes and changes in their directions 50 times per second, that is, due to the alternating sign sequence of the current in phases A and in the NEM of the rotor and due to the pressure between the oppositely directed NEM flows, - between the cores of the rotor and stator, magnetic torques of alternating directions are formed, which cross the turns of the coils with a frequency of 50 times per 7/5 of a second, which turns off the generator from external sources as an electrical , and mechanical energy. that 2 "- Zo Te) s (Se) s - and? name) (o) name) (o) - 60 b5