UA25163U - Line of methyl ether - Google Patents

Abstract

A line of methyl ether comprises a general reactor, located in the form of intermediate reactors, connected to each other, which are located vertically on one axis downward according to the technological cycle, including a methanol reactor with catalyst, a reactor for mixing of methanol with rape oil, a reactor for evaporating methanol, washing anddrying reactor with connected reservoirs in the form of overflowing valves, installed on bottoms. Bottoms of mixing reactor and washing-drying one are equipped with cones for accumulation of liquid precipitate - glycerine, and the reactor for evaporating methanol is equipped with double cylinder for arrangement of heating elements along circle perimeter in water jacket, connected with loop pipeline. The upper part of the reactor is equipped with a vacuum pump.

Description

Description of the invention

A useful model refers to the mechanization of agricultural production, in particular, to the processing of 2 agricultural crops, for example, rapeseed into methyl ether (biodiesel).

A well-known line for the production of biodiesel fuel with a capacity of 1000-150Ot/h., Golytse, a. at. and others, Czech Republic, 1999. - a prototype. | See Article 13, Fig. 3, "Contract proposal for the supply of technological equipment for methanolysis of rapeseed oil", 1999, Prague).

This line has the following disadvantages: - high energy consumption of units; - the complexity of the line design due to the presence of five main reactors with a large workshop area; - large installed capacity due to the presence of its own electric drive on each reactor; - saturated system of pipelines and connecting pipeline fittings; - complexity of installation, adjustment and electrical installation; 12 - complexity of reactor maintenance and repairs.

The task before the authors consists in simplifying the design of the line as a whole, reducing the useful workshop area for placing the proposed reactor, reducing the installed power of electric motors by reducing electric drives and pumps, increasing operational reliability by reducing the time for maintenance and repair without reducing productivity.

The problem is solved by the fact that the line for the production of methyl ether, which includes a set of single reactors, connected to each other according to the technological cycle of the production of methyl ether by the method of transesterification of rapeseed oil with methanol, containing a common reactor, is located in the form of interconnected intermediate reactors , located vertically on one axis, from top to bottom along the technological cycle, including a methanol reactor with a catalyst, a methanol mixer reactor with rapeseed oil, a 22 vaporized methanol reactor, a washing-drying reactor with interconnected vessels in the form of overflow valves, installed on the bottoms, and the bottoms of the mixing reactor and the washing-drying reactor are equipped with cones for the accumulation of liquid sediment-glycerol, connected to each other along the axis by containers in the form of an overflow tube for draining glycerin, and the methanol evaporation reactor is equipped with a double cylinder for placing heating elements ( heating elements) around the perimeter of the circle in a water jacket, connected through the inner cylinder by transverse connected tubes with ring pipelines, located with the possibility of uniform temperature distribution of 80-852 at any point of the container, while the upper part of the reactor is equipped with a vacuum pump for suction of methanol vapors into the cooling system for separation - residues methanol. The bottoms of the reactors are at the same time the upper covers for the isolation of the internal volumes of the reactors during the reaction process and are insulated with a cord of at least 12 mm along the flange ring of the bolted connections. The washing-drying reactor in the upper part is equipped with a cone with a valve for pouring sulfuric acid, a system for supplying cm coolant to the middle of the reactor, a pipeline for supplying cold water, a system for releasing waste gases into the atmosphere, and in the lower part - a circulation pump for washing and drying the mixture. located on the frame, and the system for removing methyl ether and glycerin. The overflow tube in the lower part of the washing-drying reactor at the height of the cone is equipped with side holes for draining glycerin. -at

A new set of well-known and distinctive features of the above-mentioned useful model is the reason, and c is the technical result achieved, namely, the simplification of the construction of the line, the reduction of its energy consumption, the simplification of installation and maintenance of the line as a result.

In more detail, the essence of a useful model is explained by drawings where,

Figure 1 shows the scheme of the methyl ether line; t 15 In Fig. 2 - the main view of the reactor (remote element A) according to Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 shows the remote element B (overflow valve) according to Fig. 2. 1 The methyl ether line consists of: reactor 1, made in the form of interconnected intermediate - reactors - methanol reactor 2, mixing reactor Z, evaporation reactor 4, washing-drying reactor 5, installed on a common frame 6. The line also includes includes: methanol tank 7, rapeseed oil tank 8, tank (o) 50 glycerin 9, methyl ether tank 10, cooling system 11, press filter 12, methanol feed pump 13, rapeseed oil feed pump 14, vacuum pump 15 for removal of methanol vapors, pump 16 for removal of glycerin, pump 17 for removal of methyl ether, heat generator 18, taps 19 and branching of pipeline systems.

Reactor 2, C is equipped with a general stirrer 20 with an electric drive 21. Reactor 2 is closed with a cover 22 with a funnel 23 placed on it for feeding KOH granules into the container. Reactor 2 is made of 2 cylinders. In the container 59 24 between the cylinders, cold water is supplied through the lid 22 for cooling the mixture CH zZON-KOH in the reaction process. An overflow valve 26 with a lever 27 is installed on the lower cover 25 of reactor 2.

Reactor 2 with its lower cover 25 is installed on reactor C and connected to flange 28 of reactor C with fasteners 29, 30. Between cover 25 and flange 28, a seal 31 is installed in the form of a 12 mm cord, not less, with the calculation of its deformation (compression) .

The reactor is made in the form of a cylinder with a flange 28 and its lower cover 32 is installed on the reactor 4.

Through the upper side of the reactor With pump 14, rapeseed oil is fed into the middle of the reactor tank.

Through the cover 32, the vacuum pump 15 diverts methanol vapors from the reactor 4 to the cooling system 11.

The design of the overflow valve installed on the cover 32 and the attachment of the cover 32 to the reducer 4 is similar to the design of the valve 26 and the attachment of the reactor 2 to the reactor Z (see Fig. 3) 65 The reactor 4 is made of 2 cylinders, and in the container 33 between them, heating elements are installed 34 for heating water and supplying it to tubes Z5 and ring pipelines 36. A cover 37 is installed in the lower part.

The design of the valve and the attachment of the reactor 4 to the flange 38 of the reactor 5 is similar to the design of the valve 26 and the attachment of the reactor 2 to the reactor Z (see Fig. 3).

Reactor 5 is made in the form of a cylinder with an upper flange 38 and a lower cover 39, made continuous with a cone. To pour sulfuric acid into rector 5, cover 37 has a funnel 40 with a valve 41. Glycerin settles in the cones of covers 32 and 39, which is removed into tank 9 with the help of pump 16. Reactor 5 is installed on frame 6 with the help of cover 39 and fixed with fasteners. 29, 30. In the upper part of the reactor 5, water is supplied, and gases are discharged into the atmosphere with the help of a pipe 42 and the supply of coolant from the 7/0 heat generator 18 with a hose 43, and in the lower part, a circulation pump 44 is installed for washing and drying the mixture, and pumps 16, 17 to remove glycerin and methyl ether.

The lower part of the tube 45 connecting the cones of the covers 32 and 39 is installed on the nut 46, which is attached fixedly to the cone of the cover 39.

The line for the production of rapeseed oil is conventionally shown by item 47.

The methyl ether line works as follows: methanol is supplied to reactor 2 from tank 7 by pump 13

SNZON, and KOH catalyst granules are poured into funnel 23. At the same time, rapeseed oil is supplied to reactor C from tank 8 by pump 14. After valve 26 is opened by lever 27, methanol from tank 2 flows into tank C and is evenly mixed with rapeseed oil by stirrer 20. The oil is transesterified with methanol into methyl ether with the release of glycerol. Glycerin and methyl ether practically do not mix, and after the end of the reaction, the mixture is gravitationally separated into two layers - methyl ether and glycerol precipitates in the conical part of the lid 32. After separating the glycerol in the mixture of "rapeseed oil methanol" in reactor 4, methanol must be evaporated. The mixture from reactor 4 is supplied after valve 26 is opened by lever 27. The mixture is heated at a temperature of 80-85 with the help of heating elements 34, with water heating in tank 33 and tubes 35 and in ring pipelines 36 to a temperature of 952C and higher. Methanol vapors are removed by a pump by vacuum into the cooling system 11, after which the remaining methanol is condensed and removed to tank 7. The methyl ether purified from methanol is fed into reactor 5, where it is washed for a certain time with water H 20 with the addition of NO) sulfuric acid NiZO, in funnel 40, after which drying takes place .

Methyl ether is dried with hot dry air using a heat generator 18 with a hose 43 and movement of methyl ether by circulating pump 44. After drying, methyl ether is fed into tank 10 by pump 17. Glycerin accumulated in the cones of covers 32 and 39 is fed through tube 45 by pump 16 into the glycerine tank 9. etc

In the lower part of the overflow tube 45, at the height of the conical part of the cover 39, side holes are made for draining glycerin.

For the methyl ether line in the shop, as a rule, there should be a line for the production of rapeseed oil 47. Rapeseed oil from line 47 is fed to tank 8 of rapeseed oil by pump 48. si

The production of methyl alcohol will allow to increase the production of biofuel, reduce the cost of diesel fuel, and improve the environmental situation in Ukraine. "with

Claims (4)

Formula of the invention 7 - 1. Methyl ether line, which includes a set of single reactors connected to each other according to the technological "" cycle of methyl ether production by the method of transesterification of rapeseed oil with methanol, which is distinguished by the fact that it contains a common reactor located in the form of interconnected consists of intermediate reactors located vertically on one axis, from top to bottom along the technological cycle, including a methanol reactor with a co-catalyst, a mixing reactor of methanol with rapeseed oil, an evaporated methanol reactor, a washing-drying reactor with interconnected vessels in the form of overflow valves , installed on different bottoms, and the bottoms of the mixing reactor and the washing-drying reactor are equipped with cones for - the accumulation of liquid sediment - glycerin, interconnected along the axis by containers in the form of an overflow tube for 5 g of glycerin, and the methanol evaporation reactor is equipped with a double cylinder for placement of Me heating elements (thermoelectric heaters) along the perimeter of the boiler la in a water jacket, connected through an internal HC) cylinder by transverse connecting tubes with ring pipelines located with the possibility of uniform temperature distribution of 80-85 C in any point of the container, while the upper part of the reactor is equipped with a vacuum pump for suction of methanol vapors in cooling system for separation of methanol residues. 2. The line of methyl ether according to claim 1, which differs in that the bottoms of the reactors are at the same time the upper covers, for isolating the internal volumes of the reactors during the reaction, and are isolated by a cord with a diameter of at least 12 mm along the ring of the bolted connection flanges. C. The line of methyl ether according to claim 1, which differs in that the washing-drying reactor in the upper part is equipped with a cone with a valve for pouring sulfuric acid, a system for supplying the coolant inside the reactor, a pipeline for supplying cold water, a system for releasing waste gases into the atmosphere, and in the lower part - a circulation pump for washing and drying the mixture, located on the frame, and systems for removing methyl ether and glycerin. 4. The line of methyl ether according to claim 1, which differs in that the overflow tube in the lower part 65 of the washing-drying reactor at the height of the cone has side holes for draining glycerin.