UA19833U - Mobile dust catcher with universal separator - Google Patents

Abstract

A dust catcher with an universal separator which louver decreases the angle of attack (angle between the plane of louver and the direction of the motion of dusty mixture) and the step in direction from the inlet branch pipe to the dust outlet branch pipe; a fan propeller, an engine and a bunker are made integral with the housing of dust catcher and are located in line with it, moreover, the volume of bunker is equal to three volumes of the housing of apparatus.

Description

Description of the invention

The mobile dust collector is intended for use as a local extractor of dust-air mixture 2 from the working area of grinding, sharpening, turning, milling, woodworking machines, welding aerosols from welding stations and welding equipment, from assembly tables of radio-electronic equipment. for cleaning workshop, warehouse, production and household premises, airgel collection.

A well-known industrial vacuum cleaner, which includes a body, a louvered separator, inlet, outlet and 70 dust outlet nozzles, a motor. |Declaratory patent for the invention Mo71275 A dated 16.12. 2003), which works as follows.

The dust-air mixture enters the device body tangentially through the inlet pipe. Under the action of centrifugal forces, dust particles of greater mass are thrown to the cylindrical part of the apparatus body, slide down under the action of gravity first along the cylindrical, and then - the conical part to the nozzle of the dust outlet and through it into the 12 hopper. Smaller dust particles. which are captured by the flow of air that has already been cleaned from large fractions of air, move towards the shutter separator. due to their inertia, they do not keep up with the flow, collide with the separator shutters and, after several collisions, are reflected in the opposite direction to the wall of the apparatus body, where they are captured by the flow of more massive dust particles The number of collisions depends on the mass and composition of the particles and the speed of the dust and gas flow.

The air purified in this way bypasses the blinds with a minimum angle of attack and enters the middle of the blind separator.

Inside the separator, a vacuum is created with the help of a fan impeller, which is driven by an electric motor, which directs the purified air through the tangential outlet of the purified air to the outside. The dust collector is hermetically attached to the hopper using flanges. The entire structure can be easily moved on wheels attached to the bottom of the hopper. The captured dust is discharged from the hopper through the hatch. what

The housing of the dust collector is closed from above with a hermetic cover.

The flange is located at the level of the upper edge of the inlet pipe and the upper edge of the louvered separator and prevents the entry of dusty air from the space. formed by the wall of the device case and the outer surface of the separator to the fan impeller. Thus, when the impeller rotates by 30 degrees, the engine sucks in already cleaned air from the cavity (inner volume) of the louver and separates it through the fan to the outlet of clean air.

Thus, in the proposed dust collector there is a two-stage cleaning of air from dust under the action of centrifugal forces at the level of the upper solid part of the louvered separator and under the action of inertial forces dz when passing through the louvers of the separator. At the same time, the flange prevents mixing of the dust-air mixture 35 entering the device with the already purified air in the device, which is captured by the impeller of the valve (7) and is ejected outside.

The basis of a useful model is the task of creating such a dust collector, in which increasing the efficiency of work is achieved by maintaining a constant speed of movement of the gas flow, both in the middle of the apparatus body and when passing through the gaps between the shutters of the separator, and normalizing the pressure 70 in its body, which in turn, leads to a decrease in the hydraulic resistance of the device. no) c The task is solved by the fact that a mobile dust collector with a universal separator,

And" which contains a body, a louvered separator, inlet, outlet and dust outlet nozzles, the engine differs in that, according to the useful model, the separator louvers reduce the angle of attack (the angle between the louver plane and the direction of movement of the dust and gas flow) and the step in the direction from the inlet to the dust outlet nozzle, and 45 the fan impeller, the engine and the hopper form one unit with the dust collector housing and are located on the same axis with it, and the volume of the hopper is equal to the volume of the device housing. (se) Figure 1 shows the proposed mobile dust collector with a universal separator.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A. The dust collector consists of an electric motor 1 and a fan impeller 2, located along one axis

Ge) 20 with the body of the apparatus, tangential nozzles: Z - for the exit of purified air, 4 - for the introduction of the dust-air mixture into the apparatus, the louvered separator 5, cylindrical b and conical 7 parts of the body of the apparatus, c" axial o nozzle for the exit of dust 8, the hopper 9. axial nozzle 10 for diverting the air purified in the louvered separator to the impeller 2 and nozzle 3, hatch 11 for unloading the dust caught in the device from the hopper 9, wheels 12 for moving the dust collector.

A mobile dust collector with a universal separator works as follows. c Through the inlet pipe 4, the pylon-wind mixture enters tangentially into the cylindrical part 6 of the apparatus body. Under the action of centrifugal forces, larger dust particles are thrown to the wall of the apparatus body and, under the action of gravity, slide down first along the cylindrical 6 and then the conical 7 parts of the apparatus body to the nozzle 8 for dust exit and through it to the hopper 9, from where they are taken out through the hatch 11. Finely dispersed 60 dust particles are captured by the flow of air, which has already been cleaned of large fractions, and move towards the louvered separator 5. The air flow bypasses the louvers and passes through the gaps between them into the separator, from where they are discharged through the nozzle 10 past the fan impeller 2 and through nozzle From the outside.

Particles of dust do not keep up with the flow, due to their mass they do not bypass the blinds, but due to the forces of inertia they slow down and, as a result, come into contact with the surface of the blinds and bounce off it either up to the wall 6 of the body of the device, or at a certain distance from it. The amount of reflection depends. firstly, from the mass and composition of the particle, secondly - from the shape of the shutter and from the place on the shutter where it hit, and thirdly - from the speed of air movement in the device. If it does not reach the wall of the case, it is again picked up by the air flow and dragged by it again from the shutters of the separator, where they collide again.

The dust particles again bounce off the louvers, etc., until they fall down to the lower end of the louver separator 5, from where they again fall down to the dust discharge nozzle 8, and through it to the hopper 9. The number of collisions depends on the mass. particle composition and speed of movement of dust and gas flow.

The entire structure is mounted on wheels 12 attached to the hopper 9 and can be moved.

The main condition for the stabilization of the movement of the dust air flow in the housing of the dust collector is to maintain a constant 7/0 Speed of its movement, both in the housing itself and when passing through the gaps between the shutters of the separator.

Considering the fact that the amount of air in the direction from the inlet 4 to the dust discharge nozzle 8, i.e. from top to bottom, is constantly decreasing due to its constant removal through the gaps between the shutters of the separator, in order to maintain its constant speed both in the apparatus body and when passing due to the gaps between the shutters of the separator, it is necessary to reduce in the same direction the area of the live section of the shutter separator 5. This /5 can be done in two ways: 1. by reducing the distance between the shutters - that is, the step of the shutters; 2. by reducing the angle of attack of the blinds, that is, the distance between the blinds, which is overlapped by them.

Taking into account that the amount of air enters each subsequent shutter of the separator, which is reduced by the amount of air that has already been removed through the gap between it and the previous shutter, it is necessary in the same direction: firstly, to reduce the pitch of the shutters, and secondly, their angle of attack, which we implemented in the proposed design.

This law of changing the pitch of the blinds and the angle of attack was solved with the help of a computer in such a way that the amount of air that: passed through the first gap between the blinds in the course of the flow was determined; after that it remained in the device; passed through the second gap between the blinds in the direction of the flow; which after that remained in the body of the device and so on until the entire flow of air passes through the gaps between the louvers and is led out through the nozzle 3, i.e. to the tip of the louver separator 5. but

When the speed of the flow in the device housing decreases and when it passes through the gaps between the shutters, according to Bernoulli's law, the static pressure around the separator increases, which helps to push fine dust particles through the gaps of the separator. s zo Research was conducted on a transparent model of the device, which proved that the maximum amount of air passes through the separator immediately after entering the device, therefore, in order to reduce the turbulence of the flow and to evenly distribute its exit through the louvers of the separator from top to bottom, we change the direction in that step and louver angle of attack.

The magnitude of the change in pitch and angle of attack of the blinds is calculated for KOM, based on the performance of the installation, me) speed of flow entering the device, concentration, dispersed composition, physico-chemical and morphometric properties of dust. For each of these indicators, there is a scheme for changing both the step and the angle of attack of the blinds.

An important condition for increasing the efficiency of the dust collector is that that the fan impeller, motor and hopper form one unit with the body of the apparatus, because such a layout of the apparatus excludes air suction from the outside, both at the place of installation of the fan and at the place of installation of the hopper. Any suction significantly turbulates the flow, artificially increases the amount of air moving in the apparatus, excites a secondary vortex that moves from the seam of the hopper 9 up into the conical part of the body 7 of the apparatus, and all this leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the apparatus. )» To reduce the effect of the secondary vortex, the volume of the hopper is equal to the volume of the apparatus body, which was proved by us as a result of experimental studies. Five different devices with the ratio of the volume of the bunker to the volume of the body were investigated: the first - 1:1; the second - 1:2; third - 1:3; the fourth - 1:4; the fifth - 1:5. - The results of the research are summarized in Table 1. The dust size is 50-10" m, air loss is 1000 m/h.

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Capture efficiency 95.6 97.2199.2 98.9 I Eva B io SHO s» As can be seen from the research results, the third version of the dust collector is optimal, which allows to obtain the maximum effect of dust collection. This is explained by that when this ratio decreases, the secondary vortex grows, which moves along the axis of the device and significantly turbulates the flow. 22 Increasing this ratio almost does not affect the efficiency of dust collection, but only makes the installation more expensive and increases its weight.

We conducted comparative studies of the proposed dust collector with a prototype - a mobile dust collector on standard dust - quartz sand. the results of which are given in table 2. 59 prototype of the proposed apparatus|prototype of the proposed apparatus b5

5. - and

The advantages of the proposed design are obvious

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention is 1. A mobile dust collector with a universal compartment containing a body, a louvered compartment, inlet, outlet and dust outlet nozzles, a motor, which is distinguished by the fact that the louvers of the compartment reduce the angle of attack (the angle between the louver plane and the direction of movement of the dust-air mixture) and step in the direction from the inlet to the dust outlet. /5 2. A mobile dust collector with a universal compartment according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the fan impeller, motor and hopper form one unit with the dust collector body and are located on the same axis with it, and the volume of the hopper is equal to three volumes of the device body . - (ze) (ze) (ee) (o) "- Z s i" - se) (ee) (95) syu s bo b5