UA19770U - Device for training radiologists and stomatologists - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed device for training radiologists and stomatologists contains an articulator with an upper plate and a lower plate, which are made of red plastic and designed for simulating the upper jaw and the lower jaw of a child. At the plates, simulators of teeth of a child aged 5 ... 6 years can be installed, including caries-injured teeth.

Description

Description of the invention

The useful model relates to medicine, specifically to dentistry, and can be used as an educational tool for radiographers and dentists.

It is known that quite often when treating and determining treatment tactics for children with dental problems, the dentist needs to have an idea of the location of the rudiments of permanent teeth relative to the baby teeth of the child. It is clear that the only way to solve this problem is to take X-rays of the teeth. Taking high-quality images requires a fairly high qualification of X-ray technicians. However, very often photographs of children's teeth (and under the objective circumstances of working with children and taking into account the above) are not performed at a high level: the roots of milk teeth are superimposed on the rudiments of permanent teeth in the photographs.

It is not possible to perform an X-ray several times to check the obtained images.

X-ray studies in caries allow to assess the depth of the spread of the carious process, to detect carious lesions in tooth surfaces inaccessible for visual and instrumental examination (hidden 12 carious cavities), on proximal surfaces, in the cervical region of the tooth.

X-ray examinations should also be carried out for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of pulpitis (P) in temporary teeth. This makes it possible to most accurately determine the stage of development of a temporary tooth, to reveal the topographical relationships between the carious cavity and the cavity of the temporary tooth, as well as the presence of pathological changes in the periodontal tissues. 20 Information obtained as a result of X-ray examination can be decisive for differential diagnosis and choice of treatment method.

Since the pulp does not retain X-rays, there are no specific X-ray signs of pulpitis. A sign of pulpitis is the presence of a deep carious cavity touching the cavity of the tooth.

Poorly performed images lead to clinical errors when choosing treatment tactics. 25 The authors proposed a device similar to which was not found in known available sources of information. in

The useful model is based on the task of creating a device for training radiographers and dentists to work with a radiovisiograph or an X-ray machine for dental examinations of children of various ages.

The task is solved by the fact that, according to a useful model, the device for training X-ray technicians at 30 | of dentists contains an occluder, in which upper and lower plates made of red plastic are placed on the pins, made in the form of upper and lower jaws, a set of tooth models is installed in the plates, as in the oral cavity, while on the left are models of the teeth and the beginnings of the child's teeth aged 5 years, and on the right there are models of teeth and tooth buds of a 6-year-old child, caries is modeled on the tooth models, Ge"), which is typical for teeth affected by caries at the age of 5-6 years, while the models of tooth buds are placed 35 inside plates and are made of plastic to which a radiopaque substance is added. --

In addition, dental pulpitis and periodontitis, as is typical for children aged 5-6 years, are simulated on the models of teeth and tooth buds.

Causal relationships: "1. The presence of models will make it possible to teach X-ray technicians to work with a radio visiograph or Z 50 X-ray machine and to perform dental X-ray examinations of children of all ages without harming the child's health from the first time, without mistakes. c" 2. Simulation of dental diseases complicates the task during training and thereby contributes to deepening the skills and improving the skills of radiographers.

Description of the device: 45 The design of the device for training radiologists and dentists is shown in the drawings, where: - Fig. 1 shows a device containing models of teeth and models of tooth buds on which carious processes are simulated; Fig. 2 shows a device containing models of teeth and models of tooth buds, on which both pulpitis and periodontitis are modeled. - and 20 The device consists (Fig. 1) of an occluder, in which a set of plates made of red plastic is placed, the plates are made in the form of upper (A) and lower (B) jaws, in which there are models of teeth and tooth buds on the left of a 5-year-old child, on which carious processes are simulated, and on the right are models of the teeth and tooth buds of a 6-year-old child, in which carious processes are also simulated, namely: 29 1 - carious cavity only in enamel (surface caries); c 2 - the carious cavity is combined with the cavity of the tooth (pulpitis - periodontitis);

C - an incorrectly placed filling (injures the gums and can be the beginning of periodontitis); 4 - the carious cavity is deep, but does not combine with the cavity of the tooth (deep caries); - a carious cavity within the dentin, occupying at least half of the layer of hard tissues of the tooth (average 60 caries); 6 - tooth cavity (normal).

As an option, the device consists (Aiig.2) of an occluder, which houses a set of plates made in the form of the upper (A) and lower (B) jaws, in which, on the left, there are models of teeth and the beginnings of the teeth of a 5-year-old child, in which pulpitis is simulated and periodontitis, and on the right are models of teeth and tooth buds of a 62-year-old child, in which pulpitis and periodontitis are also modeled, namely:

2 - the second temporary molar of the lower jaw has a deep carious cavity on the chewing surface, which is combined with the cavity of the tooth (a reliable sign of pulpitis);

C - the second temporary molar of the upper jaw, on the chewing surface of a filling made of radiopaque

Urinary acid, under which the focus of secondary caries (not radiopaque), reaching the cavity of the tooth (pulpitis); 4 - deep caries; 7 - pathological resorption of the roots of a milk tooth, in Z we can see a cell of granulation tissue in contact with the follicle of a permanent tooth (chronic granular periodontitis); 70 8 - follicle (beginning) of a permanent tooth; 9 - the roots of the temporary teeth (molars) are significantly resorbed, the crown of the permanent tooth is contained in the cyst cavity, the follicular cyst of the lower jaw in the area of tooth 44; - internal pulpal granuloma in the region of the root of the temporary central incisor of the lower jaw; 11 - a deep carious cavity in the area of a permanent molar of the lower jaw with unformed roots, 7/5 is pointwise connected to the cavity of the tooth (pulpitis of a permanent tooth with unformed roots); 12 - pathological resorption of the roots, darkening in the area of the bifurcation of the roots in the second temporary molar of the lower jaw - the diagnosis is chronic granulating periodontitis; 13 - the focus of destruction of bone tissue in the area of the bifurcation of the roots - chronic granulating periodontitis in the reformed first permanent molar of the upper jaw.

Claims (2)

The formula of the invention 1. A device for training X-ray technicians and dentists, containing an occluder, in which upper and lower plates of red plastic are placed on the pins, made in the form of upper and lower jaws, a set of tooth models is installed in the plates, as in the oral cavity, with on the left are models of the teeth and incipient teeth of a 5-year-old child, and on the right are models of the teeth and incipient teeth of a 6-year-old child, on the tooth models caries are simulated, which is characteristic of teeth affected by caries at the age of 5-6 years, and the models the rudiments of the teeth are placed inside the plates and are made of plastic, to which a radiopaque substance is added. 2. The device according to claim 1, which differs in that pulpitis and periodontitis of the teeth, as is typical for children aged 5-6 years, are simulated on the models of teeth and tooth buds. chn (o) yo - and? - se) -i -i (42) 60 b5