UA151184U - Articulated bus with hybrid power plant and steering links - Google Patents

Abstract

An articulated bus with a hybrid power plant and steerable trailer links consists of a tractor bus, steered wheels of a tractor bus, an electronic control unit, sensors of the position of steered wheels of a tractor bus, an ignition key, batteries, drive wheels of a tractor bus, a traction hitch device, motor-wheel of the trailer link, trailer link, hybrid power plant with an internal combustion engine and an electric motor, additional high-efficiency batteries, a sensor for the position of the trailer link of an articulated bus, which tracks the trajectory of the tractor bus. At the same time, the articulated bus contains an additional towing link, traction and coupling device of the additional towing link, position sensor of the additional towing link, steered wheels of the additional towing link, electric drive for turning the steered wheels of the additional towing link.

Description

The utility model belongs to the automotive industry, namely the control and maneuverability systems of buses.

It is known that buses are divided according to the number of passengers transported into small, medium and large capacity cars, can move in a straight line or curvilinear, when moving in a limited space, they must have the smallest turning radius, which determines the width of the required overall traffic lane (GSR) for ensuring the necessary indicators of maneuverability and stability of the bus. Internal combustion engines (for example, diesel, gas-diesel, gas) are mostly used as a power plant (1, 21.

The disadvantage of the design of buses with a large passenger capacity (articulated bus with trailer link) with the wheel formula бх2 is that when making a curvilinear movement (turning) in one direction or another, the overall traffic lane increases, the stability and safety of road traffic deteriorates (it is possible for the bus to hit an obstacle ( for example, pavement)), increases fuel consumption and emissions of harmful substances into the environment with exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine due to increased resistance to movement during turning, starting from a standstill, acceleration, maximum acceleration and movement at maximum speed

IZ, 41.

A well-known design of large passenger buses with a trailer link through a hinge (articulated trailer bus), consisting of a tractor bus with an internal combustion engine, a trailer link with driven wheels, steered wheels of the tractor bus, an ignition key, driving wheels of the tractor bus, traction-coupling device |5).

Such a bus can move in a straight line or curve by changing the position of the steered wheels of the bus-tractor. At the same time, the position of the steered wheels: to the left - the bus makes a left turn, to the right - a right turn. A smaller angle of position of the steered wheels of the tractor bus in the direction of the turn ensures a larger turning radius of the bus. At the same time, there is no need for a wide traffic lane, and with an increase in the turning angle of the steered wheels of the bus-tractor, the smallest turning radius is required. The towing link of the articulated bus moves behind the towing bus through the traction-coupling device. An internal combustion engine serves as the power plant.

The disadvantage of this design of an articulated bus is that the wheels of the towing link are driven

Zo do not ensure its movement along the trajectory of the wheels of the tractor bus, causing the towing link of the articulated bus to "take off" to the left or right by a significant amount, increasing the overall width of the traffic lane, worsening road safety, fuel economy and increased emissions of harmful substances into the environment with by the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine due to the increase in movement resistance during turning, starting from a standstill, acceleration, maximum acceleration, maximum speed of movement, the operation of the internal combustion engine at unstable operating modes, while the controllability and maneuverability of the bus deteriorates.

A well-known design of an articulated bus with a trailer link controlled by a dynamic method of rotation, which contains: a tractor bus, steered wheels of a tractor bus, an electronic control unit (ECU), sensors for the position of the steered wheels of a tractor bus, an ignition key, batteries, driving wheels of a bus- tractor, towing device, motor-wheel of the towing link, towing link |b1.

An articulated bus with a towing link controlled by a dynamic method of rotation works as follows: when the contacts of the ignition key are closed, the electric current from the batteries is supplied to the ECU. When the articulated bus moves in a straight line, the torque from the internal combustion engine is transmitted to the driving wheels of the bus-tractor, there are no signals from the position sensors of the driven wheels of the bus-tractor. At the same time, the motor-wheels of the towing link are driven and through the traction-coupling device of the towing link move in a straight line along the track of the bus-tractor. When the articulated bus makes a curvilinear movement (turning to the right or left), the steered wheels of the tractor bus change their position with the turning angle to the right (or left), the position sensors of the steered wheels of the tractor bus give a signal of the position of the steered wheels to the right (or left) to the ECU, which directs the electric current from the batteries to the motor-wheels, which switch to traction (driving) mode so that the torque values are different, and on the inner (relative to the center of rotation) motor-wheel (when turning to the right) or the outer (relative to the center of rotation) ) motor-wheel (when turning to the left) it is larger and proportional to the angle of rotation of the steered wheels of the bus-tractor, which leads to the "overtaking" of the towing link, which ensures the movement of the towing link along the trajectory of the bus-tractor, reducing the "removal" of the towing link in one side or the other (depending on the direction of rotation). When reducing the angle of rotation of the steered wheels of the bus-tractor, the output signals from the position sensors of the steered wheels of the bus-tractor change, which leads to a decrease in the amount of current from the accumulator batteries on the motor-wheels of the tow link, and therefore the amount of torques, by the electronic control unit. When the tractor-bus is moving in a straight line, the electronic control unit stops the supply of electric current from the batteries to the motor wheels of the towing link and they become driven. Battery recharging is carried out during the operation of the internal combustion engine from the standard power supply system.

The disadvantage of such a design of buses with a large passenger capacity (an articulated bus with a trailer link) is that due to the increase in resistance to movement during turning, starting from a place, acceleration, maximum acceleration, maximum speed of movement of an articulated bus, when the internal combustion engine is operating in unstable operating modes, it deteriorates fuel economy and increased emissions of harmful substances into the environment with exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine, also the presence of "takeaway" of the towing link is a disadvantage.

The well-known design of an articulated bus with a hybrid power plant and a dynamically controlled towing link includes: the tractor bus, the steered wheels of the tractor bus, the electronic control unit (ECU), the sensors of the position of the steered wheels of the tractor bus, the ignition key, the batteries, the drive wheels bus-tractor, traction-hitch device, motor-wheel of the trailer link, hybrid power plant with an internal combustion engine and an electric engine-generator, additional high-efficiency accumulator batteries G71.

An articulated bus with a hybrid power plant and a dynamically controlled towing link works as follows: when the ignition key contacts are closed in the hybrid power plant, the internal combustion engine starts and operates in idle mode, the electric current from the batteries and additional high-efficiency batteries is supplied to the ECU . When the articulated bus is moving in a straight line, starting, accelerating to the set speed set in the ECU, and at the maximum acceleration of the articulated bus, the ECU directs electric current from additional high-efficiency batteries to the electric motor-generator

From the hybrid power plant, which operates in engine mode under the command of the ECU, the torque from the electric motor-generator is transmitted to the driving wheels of the bus-tractor, there are no signals from the position sensors of the driven wheels of the bus-tractor. At the same time, the motor-wheels of the towing link are the drivers under the command of the ECU and, through the traction-coupling device of the towing link, transmit the traction force (torque) to the bus-tractor and move in a straight line along its track.

When an articulated bus makes a curvilinear movement (turning to the right or left), the steering wheels of the tractor bus change their position with the angle of turning to the right (or left), the position sensors of the steering wheels of the tractor bus send a signal of the position of the steering wheels to the right (or left) to the ECU, which directs the electric current from the batteries to the motor-wheels, which work (switch) to traction (driving) mode so that the torque values are different, and on the inner (relative to the center of rotation) motor-wheel (when turning to the right) or another motor- wheels (when turning to the left), it is larger and proportional to the angle of rotation of the steered wheels of the bus-tractor, which leads to the "overrunning" of the towing link, which ensures the movement of the towing link along the trajectory of the bus-tractor, reducing the "offset" of the towing link in one direction or another side (depending on the direction of rotation). When reducing the angle of rotation of the steered wheels of the bus-tractor, the output signals from the sensors of the position of the steered wheels of the bus-tractor change, which leads to a decrease in the ECU of the amount of current from the batteries on the motor-wheels of the trailer link, and therefore the amount of torques on the motor-wheels of the trailer link . When the tractor-bus moves in a straight line and reaches the set speed in the ECU, the electronic control unit stops the supply of electric current from the batteries to the motor-wheels, and they become driven and at the same time from additional high-efficiency batteries to the electric motor-generator. The movement of the articulated bus continues due to the torque of the internal combustion engine of the hybrid power plant. When the speed of the articulated bus is reduced below that specified in the ECU, the articulated bus continues to move due to the torques created by the electric motor-generator and the motor-wheels of the towing link, which the ECU switches to the traction mode, similar to the previous one. The internal combustion engine is idling at this time.

Recharging of the batteries is carried out during the operation of the internal combustion engine from the regular power supply system of additional high-efficiency batteries during the operation of the internal combustion engine of the hybrid power plant in idling mode (for example, at stops) and during braking of the articulated bus by the hybrid power plant, for the time being The ECU switches the electric motor-generator to the "generator" operating mode.

The disadvantage of such a design of buses with a large passenger capacity (an articulated bus with a trailer link) is that due to the increase in resistance to movement during turning, starting from a place, acceleration, maximum acceleration, maximum speed of movement of an articulated bus, when the internal combustion engine is operating in unstable operating modes, it deteriorates fuel economy and increased emissions of harmful substances into the environment with exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine, also the presence of "takeaway" of the towing link is a disadvantage.

The well-known design of an articulated bus with a hybrid power plant and a dynamically controlled towing link includes: the tractor bus, the steered wheels of the tractor bus, the electronic control unit (ECU), the sensors of the position of the steered wheels of the tractor bus, the ignition key, the batteries, the drive wheels tractor bus, traction coupling device, trailer motor wheel, hybrid power plant with an internal combustion engine and an electric motor-generator, additional high-efficiency batteries, articulated bus trailer position sensor, which tracks the trajectory of the tractor bus |81I.

An articulated bus with a hybrid power plant and controlled by a dynamic method of controlling the trailer link works as follows: when the ignition key contacts are closed in the hybrid power plant, the internal combustion engine starts and operates in idle mode, the electric current from the batteries and additional high-efficiency batteries is supplied to the ECU . When the articulated bus is moving in a straight line, moving, accelerating to the set speed set in ECU 3, the maximum acceleration of the articulated bus, the ECU directs electric current from additional high-efficiency batteries to the electric motor-generator of the hybrid power plant, which operates in engine mode under the command of the ECU, the torque from the electric motor-generator is transmitted to the driving wheels of the tractor bus, signals from the sensors of the position of the driven wheels of the tractor bus and the sensor of the position of the trailer link

They are absent from the articulated bus. At the same time, the motor-wheels of the towing link are the drivers under the command of the ECU and, through the traction-coupling device of the towing link, transmit the traction force (torque) to the bus-tractor and move in a straight line along its track. When the articulated bus makes a curvilinear movement (turning to the right or left), the steering wheels of the tractor bus change their position with the angle of turning to the right (or left), the position sensors of the steering wheels of the tractor bus send a signal of the position of the steering wheels to the right (or left) to the ECU, which directs the electric current from the batteries to the motor-wheels, which work (switch) to the operating mode so that the magnitudes of the moments are different, and on the inner (relative to the center of rotation) the motor-wheel (when turning to the right) or the motor-wheel (when turning to the left ) this moment is traction, and on the outer motor-wheel (when turning to the right) or motor-wheel (when turning to the left) - the braking moment, the ratio of moments (torque and braking) on the motor-wheels is regulated by the ECU according to the output signal from the trailer position sensor links of an articulated bus by changing the amount of current and its direction in proportion to the angle of rotation of the steered wheels of the bus-tractor, which leads at the entrance to the turn before the towing link "runs in", which ensures the precise movement of the towing link along the trajectory of the bus-tractor, reducing the towing link's "offset" in one direction or another (depending on the direction of the turn). When the angle of rotation of the steered wheels of the tractor bus is reduced, the output signals from the sensors of the position of the steered wheels of the tractor bus and the sensor of the position of the towing link of the articulated bus change, which leads to a decrease in the ECU of the current from the accumulator batteries on the motor wheels of the towing link, and therefore the magnitude of moments (torque or torque and brake) on the motor-wheels of the towing link. When the tractor-bus moves in a straight line and reaches the set speed, the ECU stops the supply of electric current from the battery batteries to the motor-wheels, and they become driven and at the same time from additional high-efficiency battery batteries to the electric motor-generator. The movement of the articulated bus continues due to the torque of the internal combustion engine of the hybrid power plant. When the speed of the articulated bus is reduced below that specified in the computer, the movement of the articulated bus continues due to the torques created by the electric motor-generator and the motor-wheels of the towing link, which the computer switches to the traction mode similar to the previous one. The internal combustion engine is idling at this time. Recharging of the batteries is carried out during the operation of the internal combustion engine from the standard power supply system (not shown in the drawing), and of additional high-efficiency batteries - is carried out during the operation of the internal combustion engine of the hybrid power plant in idling mode (for example, at stops) and during braking of an articulated bus with a hybrid power plant, at this time the ECU switches the electric engine-generator to the "generator" operating mode.

The disadvantages of such a design of buses with a large passenger capacity (an articulated bus with a trailer link) are that due to the increase in resistance to movement during turning, starting from a place, acceleration, maximum acceleration, maximum speed of movement of an articulated bus, when the internal combustion engine is operating in unstable operating modes, it deteriorates fuel economy and increased emissions of harmful substances into the environment with exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine, the presence of "takeaway" of the towing link, insufficient passenger capacity of an articulated bus with one towing link is also a drawback.

The purpose of the useful model is to reduce the width of the required overall traffic lane of an articulated bus with towing links (for example, two), to increase the safety of its movement with a reduction or absence of "takeaway" of the towing links due to the tracking of the trajectory of the tractor-bus with towing links, to improve the maneuverability and stability of the movement of the articulated bus with a hybrid power plant and turn-controlled trailer links, increasing the passenger capacity of an articulated bus.

The task is solved by the fact that in an articulated bus with a hybrid power plant and turn-controlled trailer links, which consists of a tractor bus, steered wheels of a tractor bus, an electronic control unit, sensors for the position of the steered wheels of a tractor bus, an ignition key, batteries, the driving wheels of the tractor bus, the traction coupling device, the motor-wheels of the trailer link, the trailer link, the hybrid power plant with the internal combustion engine and the electric motor, additional high-efficiency storage batteries, the sensor of the position of the trailer link of the articulated bus, which tracks the trajectory of the tractor bus, according to the utility model, also includes an additional towing link, an additional towing hitch, an additional towing link position sensor, additional steering wheels

From the towing link, the electric drive for turning the steered wheels of the additional towing link.

When turning, starting from a standstill, acceleration, maximum acceleration of an articulated bus with a hybrid power plant and turn-controlled towing links due to a reduction in the operating time of the internal combustion engine as part of the hybrid power plant, in unstable operating modes, fuel economy improves and emissions of harmful substances into the environment are reduced. the environment with the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine, the resistance to movement when turning is reduced, the width of the necessary overall traffic lane is reduced, the safety of movement is increased with the reduction or absence of the "carry-out" of the towing links due to the adjustment and movement of the towing links along the trajectory of the bus-tractor, controllability and maneuverability are improved of an articulated bus with trailer links, the passenger capacity of an articulated bus increases.

An articulated bus with a hybrid power plant and turn-controlled towing links (drawings) contains: tractor bus 1, steered wheels of the tractor bus 2, electronic control unit (ECU) 3, position sensors of the steered wheels of the tractor bus 4, ignition key 5, battery batteries 6, driving wheels of the bus-tractor 7, traction-towing device 8, motor-wheels 9 and 10 of the trailer link 11, hybrid power plant 12 with an internal combustion engine 13 and an electric motor-generator 14, additional high-efficiency storage batteries 15, a position sensor of the towing link of the articulated bus 16, which tracks the trajectory of the tractor bus, the additional towing link 20, the traction-coupling device of the additional towing link 18, the position sensor of the additional towing link 17, the steered wheels of the additional towing link 21, the electric drive for turning the controlled wheels of the additional towing link 19 .

An articulated bus with a hybrid power plant and turn-controlled towing links (drawings) works as follows: when the contacts of the ignition key 5 are closed in the hybrid power plant 12, the internal combustion engine 13 starts and operates in idle mode, electric current from storage batteries 6 and additional high-efficiency batteries 15 is supplied to the EBU 3. When the articulated bus moves in a straight line, moves, accelerates to the set speed set in the EBU 3, the maximum acceleration of the articulated bus EBU C directs the electric current from the additional high-efficiency storage batteries 15 to the electric bo engine-generator 14 of the hybrid power plant 12, which works in command engine mode

ECU 3, the torque from the electric motor-generator 14 is transmitted to the driving wheels of the bus-tractor 7, the signals from the sensors of the position of the driven wheels of the bus-tractor 4, the sensor of the position of the trailer link of the articulated bus 16 and the sensor of the position of the additional trailer link 17 are absent. At the same time, motor-wheels 9 and 10 of trailer link 11 are on command

ECU C is the driver and through the traction coupling device 8 of the trailer link 11 transmits the traction force (torque) to the tractor bus 1, through the traction coupling device of the additional trailer link 18, the additional trailer link 20, the trailer link 11 move in a straight line along the bus track - tractor 1, and the position of the steered wheels of the additional trailer link 21 corresponds to straight-line movement, there is no electric current on the electric drive of the steered wheels of the additional trailer link 19. When the articulated bus makes a curvilinear movement (turning to the right or left), the steered wheels of tractor bus 2 change their position with the turning angle to the right (or left), the position sensors of steered wheels of tractor bus 4 give a signal of the position of steered wheels to the right (or left) to the ECU 3, which directs the electric current from the accumulator batteries b to motor-wheels 9 and 10, which work (switch) to the operating mode so that the magnitudes of moments are different, and on the inner (relative to the center of rotation) motor-wheel 9 (when turning to the right) whether the motor-wheel 10 (when turning to the left) is a traction moment, and on the outer motor-wheel 10 (when turning to the right) or motor-wheel 9 (when turning to the left) the braking moment, the ratio of moments (torque and braking) on the motor-wheels 9 and 10 is regulated by the ECU Z according to the value of the output signal from the sensor of the position of the trailer link of the articulated bus 16 by changing the magnitude of the current and its direction in proportion to the magnitude of the angle of rotation of the controlled k olis of the bus-tractor 2, which leads to the "overtaking" of the towing link 11 at the entrance to the turn, which ensures the precise movement of the towing link 11 along the trajectory of the bus-tractor 1, reducing the "offset" of the towing link 11 in one direction or another (depending on from the direction of rotation). During the further movement of bus-tractor 1 according to the value of the output signal from the sensor of the position of the additional trailer link 17, ECU Z supplies electric current to the electric drive 19 of the steered wheels 21 of the additional trailer link 20, which changes the position of the steered wheels 21 of the additional trailer link 20, ensuring the movement of the additional of the towing link 20 along the trajectory of the tractor bus 1 and the towing link of the articulated bus 16. When reducing the angle of rotation of the steering wheels of the tractor bus 2, the output signals from the position sensors of the steering wheels of the tractor bus 4, the position sensor of the towing link of the articulated bus 16 and the position sensor of the additional of the towing link 17 change, which leads to a decrease in the amount of current from the storage batteries 6, additional high-efficiency storage batteries 15 on the motor wheels 9 and 10 of the towing link 11, which means the magnitude of the moments (torque or torque and braking) on the motor wheels 9 and 10 of the trailer link 11, and the reduction of the current on the electric turning drive 19 of the steered wheels 21 of the additional towing link 20 leads to a change in the position of the steered wheels 21 of the additional towing link 20. The position of the steered wheels of tractor bus 2 "to the left" corresponds to the position of the steered wheels 21 of the additional towing link 20 to the "right" and vice versa, which is ensured by the movement of the additional towing link 20 along the trajectory of the tractor bus 1 (the towing link of the articulated bus 16). When the bus-tractor 1 moves in a straight line and reaches the set speed, the ECU Z suspends the supply of electric current from the battery batteries b to the motor-wheels 9 and 10, and they become driven and at the same time from the additional high-efficiency battery batteries 15 to the electric motor-generator 14. The movement of the articulated of the bus with trailer links continues due to the torque of the internal combustion engine 13 of the hybrid power plant 12. When the speed of the articulated bus is reduced below that specified in the ECU 3, the movement of the articulated bus continues due to the torques created by the electric motor-generator 14 and motor-wheels 9 and 10 of the trailer link 11, which the EBU Z is transferred to the traction mode, similar to the previous one. The internal combustion engine 13 at this time works in idle mode. Battery recharging is carried out during the operation of the internal combustion engine 13 from the regular power supply system (not shown in the drawing), and additional high-efficiency batteries 15 - is carried out during the operation of the internal combustion engine 13 of the hybrid power plant 12 in idling mode (for example, at stops ) and when the articulated bus is braked by the hybrid power plant 12, at this time the ECU Z switches the electric motor-generator 14 into the "generator" mode.

As a result of the use of a hybrid power plant 12 with an internal combustion engine 13 and an electric motor-generator 14, additional high-efficiency batteries 15 controlled by an electronic control unit With the operating modes of the hybrid power plant 12 and motor-wheels 9 and 10 (driven or driving (traction )) according to the value of the output signal of the sensor of the position of the towing link of the articulated bus 16 with the adjustable amount of torque when starting, accelerating to the set speed, the maximum acceleration of the articulated bus, ECU control With motor-wheel operation modes 9 and 10 (in the absence or presence of torque ) according to the values of the output signal from the sensor of the position of the trailer link of the articulated bus 16 and the sensor of the position of the additional trailer link 17 during the curvilinear movement of the articulated bus with the trailer link 11 and the additional trailer link 20, the precise movement of the trailer link 11 and the additional trailer link 20 along the trajectory is ensured the movement of the tractor bus 1, which leads to an improvement in the fuel economy of the articulated bus, a reduction in the emissions of harmful substances due to a reduction in the operating time of the internal combustion engine 13 in unstable operating modes during movement, acceleration to a set speed, maximum acceleration of the articulated bus, to a reduction in the width of the necessary overall traffic lane, increased traffic safety due to the reduction or absence of "towing" of the trailer link 11 and additional trailer link 20, resistance to movement when turning, improvement of controllability and maneuverability of an articulated bus with a large passenger capacity with a hybrid power plant and turn-controlled trailer link 11 and additional trailer link 20, increasing the passenger capacity of an articulated bus.

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Zo (2019.01)8620 31/00, Mo 139301, owner - National Transport University, publ. 26.12.2019, Bull. Mo. 24. 7. Articulated bus with a hybrid power plant and a trailer link controlled by a dynamic method of turning / V.P. Sakhno, A.O. Korpach, V.M. Polyakov, O.A. Korpach

Utility model patent, IPC (2021.01), B620 31/00, 8620 3/00, Mo 147114, owner -

National University of Transport, publ. 04/14/2021, Bull. Mo. 15. 8. Articulated bus with a hybrid power plant and controlled by a dynamic method of controlling the trailer link / V.P. Sakhno, A.O. Korpach, V.M. Polyakov, O.A. Korpach,

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Claims (2)

UTILITY MODEL FORMULA Articulated bus with a hybrid power plant and steerable steering links, consisting of a tractor bus, steered wheels of a tractor bus, an electronic control unit, position sensors of the steered wheels of a tractor bus, an ignition key, battery batteries, driving wheels of a bus- tractor, traction-coupling device, motor-wheel of the towing link, towing link, hybrid power plant with an internal combustion engine and an electric motor, additional high-efficiency storage batteries, a sensor for the position of the towing link of an articulated bus, which tracks the trajectory of the bus-tractor, which is distinguished by containing an additional towing link, a traction coupling device of an additional towing link, a position sensor of an additional towing link, controlled wheels of an additional towing link, an electric drive for turning the controlled wheels of an additional towing link. (with; and 2. D-t) ryh I I pl s ED | I sh ke 7 In-- Y i v, TEY i v i 1 DAY. 7 ANA with another 1E eyes, - I lh 0 Computer keyboard. Yukiny 00000000 SE "Ukrainian Institute of Intellectual Property", str. Glazunova, 1, Kyiv - 42, 01601