UA142478U - LOW-ORBITAL SATELLITE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WITH TERRAHERT RANGE INTERESTONIAL COMMUNICATION CHANNELS - Google Patents

Abstract

The system of low-orbit satellite communication with inter-satellite communication channels of the terahertz range contains artificial satellites of the Earth, each of which operates in orbit and is equipped with on-board repeaters, inter-satellite communication, network of ground communication stations and control of artificial satellites of the Earth. spacecraft (LEO-system), which includes groups of root (leading) satellites and satellite-repeaters (slave), while the functions of the root satellite are performed by mini- or microsatellites, which are connected to the ring network by communication lines between satellites, and functions of satellite repeaters - kubsati. Additionally, a group of repeater satellites (slave) is introduced around each root satellite, which is a synchronously radiating spatially spaced low-power transmitting devices with a spatial correlation coefficient less than 0.3 and receivers of the terahertz range.

Description

The utility model belongs to the field of mobile telecommunications, namely satellite communication systems, and can be used to provide communication between low-orbit spacecraft and ground stations and users of satellite services.

The need to provide information via the communication channel of the leading satellite to subscribers located on the territory covered by the leading satellite, the coordinates of which may be at a nearby point, arises as a result of the need to provide information to such subscribers. This also leads to the expansion of the number of subscribers served by the information source connected to the channel of the leading satellite. This operation is technically provided by intersatellite communication channels between low-orbit satellites, between low- and high-orbit repeaters, and between high-orbit repeaters of satellite systems.

Known patent NI 2549832 "Method of space communication", IPC NO4B 7/185, publ. 10.03.2014, which includes two or more geostationary communication satellites, intersatellite two-way communication lines, ground communication points and command and measurement points (1). The method consists in equipping guided satellites with radio navigation equipment and a navigation and traffic control system. Management of the controlled satellites and control over their technical condition is carried out with the help of the leading satellite, which is constantly in the visibility zones of at least one ground command and measurement point and ground communication point - the antipode to the addressable ground communication points.

The known method involves the following operations: installation of sets of receiving and transmitting equipment, radio navigation equipment, and software on satellites; carrying out planning and registration of work positions, flight task planning; bringing the guided satellite to the calculated longitude: carrying out trajectory measurements and calculation and implementation of the preliminary plan of corrections to bring the satellite to the given orbital position.

With the help of radio navigation equipment and on-board systems, which includes a set of algorithmic programs for ensuring the satellite's flight, which are responsible for the autonomous "landing" of the guided satellite to a given orbital position and keeping it in this position for a given time or during the period of active existence. Management of a slave

With the satellite and control over its technical condition is carried out with the help of the leading satellite.

For the functioning of the known system of radio navigation and information transmission, which is based on radio navigation equipment, it is necessary to create a data transmission channel or a communication channel.

The disadvantage of the known solution is that such a channel, when using a standard frequency in a satellite system for servicing intersatellite communication, can affect other communication channels and distort the signal and, accordingly, affect the quality of the transmission.

The closest analogue to the proposed useful model is the technical solution in the patent (21), in which the low-orbit satellite communication system represents a grouping of low-orbiting spacecraft (I EO-system) with a "distributed satellite" architecture, and which includes a grouping of root (leading) satellites and repeater satellites (subordinates). A microgroup of repeater satellites is formed around each root satellite, which is called a "distributed satellite". The functions of the root satellite in the selected phase point of the orbital plane of the working orbit are performed by mini- or microsatellites, and the functions of repeater satellites are performed by cubesats. Root the satellites are connected to each other in a ring network by high-speed communication lines between the satellites. The geometric size of a "distributed satellite" is an area around the root satellite with a radius of about 1 km. This means that the cubesats fly in groups no more than 1 km from the root satellite Space segment t | The EO-system consists of several orbital planes that have the same number of distributed satellites, the same way, and differ in the longitude of the ascending node. In each orbital plane, distributed satellites are evenly spaced with the same relative true anomaly, while each distributed satellite is connected to two neighboring distributed satellites in its orbital plane and to two nearest distributed satellites in two neighboring orbital planes - one in each orbital plane.

The disadvantage of the known decision is that it does not specify the architecture of the intersatellite communication channel, which makes it impossible to assess its technical characteristics and, accordingly, the technical capabilities of the low-orbit satellite radio communication system for providing high-quality services in integrated communication networks 52 and IoT.

To solve the problem of increasing the radio channel's immunity to interference on the receiving side, the closest to the proposed solution is the device for receiving multi-beam signals, because it is described in the patent VO Mo 2120180 |Z), which contains Y single-beam receivers, M multiplication devices, a search receiver, a control unit, a detection unit weighting coefficients and an adder, the first and second inputs of each single-beam receiver and search receiver are simultaneously signal inputs of the device, their third inputs are connected to the output of the control unit, which ensures synchronous operation of the receivers, the output of the values of the decisive search function of the search receiver is connected to the input of the control unit, the output of each of Y single-beam receivers is connected to the corresponding inputs of the unit for determining the weighting coefficients, the outputs of the weighting coefficient values are connected to the second inputs of M multiplication devices, and the outputs of the correlation feedback about the information symbols of the Y single-beam receivers are connected to the first by the inputs of M multiple devices ny, the outputs of which are the outputs of soft decisions about information symbols and are connected to the corresponding inputs of the adder, the output of the adder is the output of the combined soft decisions about information symbols.

The disadvantage of this device for receiving a multi-beam signal with a cluster structure is low efficiency - with a significant time distance between the temporary positions (delays) of the reference signals of neighboring single-beam cluster receivers. In addition, the observation of a cluster of rays is based on the observation of the main ray of the cluster. However, during monitoring of the temporal position (delay) of the main beam of the cluster, it is possible for the signal of this beam to fade, so that its power will be less than the power of the signals of other beams of the cluster. This leads to a tracking error and, as a result, to energy losses.

The task of the proposed useful model is to improve the low-orbit satellite communication system for providing high-quality services in integrated communication networks 52 and so on.

The task is solved by the fact that in the system of low-orbit satellite communication, which includes artificial satellites of the Earth, each of which functions in a near-Earth orbit and is equipped with on-board repeaters, intersatellite communication, a network of ground stations for communication and control of artificial satellites of the Earth, groups low-orbit spacecraft (I EO-system), which includes a grouping of root (leading) satellites and relay satellites (slaves), a micro-grouping of relay satellites is formed around each root satellite, and the functions of the root satellite at the selected phase point of the orbital plane of the working orbit are performed by mini - or microsatellites that are connected in a ring network

With communication lines between satellites, while the functions of relay satellites are cubesats, a grouping of relay satellites (subordinates) is additionally introduced around each root satellite, which is synchronously radiating spatially dispersed low-power transmitters with a spatial correlation coefficient less than 0. 3 and receiving devices of the terahertz range.

The technical result to which the useful model is directed is improvement by increasing the communication range and increasing the immunity of the intersatellite channel of the low-orbit satellite radio communication system using a satellite communication complex with several transmitting and receiving antennas, which implements the summing of the powers of several low-power transmitters of the terahertz range in the space of an auxiliary microgroup of retracement satellites and ultra-high-speed transmission of a given amount of information via separately organized high-speed radio channels spread in frequency and space. Each separate radio channel is installed on a repeater satellite and provides transmission of a selected section of information. The distribution of information flows is carried out by the root satellite, which receives the full information flow either from its payload (for example, Earth remote sensing equipment) or via intersatellite relay channels. After the distribution of information flows on repeater satellites, the transmission is carried out strictly synchronously according to a certain algorithm.

The essence of the useful model is explained by the drawings of fig. 1 and 2:

In fig. 1 shows the implementation scheme of the proposed low-orbit satellite communication system with intersatellite communication channels in the terahertz range. On it: 1, 2 - root satellite,

C, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 - relay satellites of microgroup A, 9, 10 - distributed satellite of microgroup A, 11, 12 - feeder lines of microgroup A, 13 - service area of the satellite communication system, 14, 15 - feeder lines of microgroup B, 16, 17 - distributed satellite of microgroup B, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 - repeater satellites of microgroup B, 24 - intersatellite terahertz communication line between distributed satellites.

In fig. 2 shows the implementation scheme of the receiving device for receiving multi-beam signals of the proposed low-orbit satellite communication system with intersatellite communication channels of the terahertz range. On it: 25-1-25-I - data receivers, 26-1-26-Ї - multiplication devices, 27 - circuit for determining weighting coefficients, 28 - adder, 29 - decision circuit, 30-1-30-М - receiver cluster, 31-1-31-M - multiplication device, 32 - beam cluster detection and analysis scheme, 33 - search receiver, 34 - switch, 35 - control unit, 36 - multi-channel signal detection detector, 37 - subtraction device, 38 - subtraction device, 39 - switching device, 40-1...40-M - multi-channel optimal interpolator of the i-o beam signal based on the updating process, 41-1...41-M - multi-channel amplifier.

The operation scheme of the "distributed satellite" as part of the low-orbit satellite communication system works as follows.

The information and intellectual core of the distributed satellite is the root satellite 1, 2. The relay satellite 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 of the distributed satellite 9, 10 of microgroup A forms a beam/beams of users with a limited service area. The set of beams formed by relay satellites make up service area 13

IHEO-systems. Requirements for the integral service area of the I EO system (geographical service area) determine the requirements for the number of distributed satellites in the system as a whole.

The repeater satellite 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 of the distributed satellite 9, 10 of micro-group A emits a digital stream of the appropriate format in the beam of users and receives a digital stream of the appropriate format from the end user.

Feeder lines 11, 12, 14, 15 connect the root satellite with repeater satellites and are designed to transmit a transport digital stream of the appropriate format to end users and to the distributed satellite 16, 17 of microgroup B, respectively. The feeder line 11, 12, 14, 15 between the root satellite and the repeater satellite is an internal communication line between the satellites as part of the distributed satellite. This line is a combined radio line that provides duplex transmission of information, measurement of slant range and mutual angular position between the root satellite 1, 2 and relay satellites 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8, 18, 19, 20, 21 , 22, 23.

Zo Distributed satellites 16, 17 in the I EO system are connected to each other by intersatellite terahertz communication lines 24, which with the help of root satellite modules 1, 2 form the trunk network of the I EO system. Each distributed satellite is associated with two neighboring distributed satellites in its orbital plane and with two nearest distributed satellites in two neighboring orbital planes - one in each orbital plane. As part of a distributed satellite, the functions of supporting the communication line between satellites are assigned to the root satellite 1, 2, which is equipped with feeder line modules 11, 12, 14, 15 and the corresponding high-frequency transceivers of repeater satellites of microgroups A, B.

After the distribution of information flows on repeater satellites 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 of distributed satellites 16, 17 of microgroup B at the command of the coordinating transmitter of the repeater satellite, the transmission is carried out strictly synchronously (according to a certain algorithm) radiation with the same power of uncorrelated ultra-broadband signals through its antenna, which are composed in space by power. In space, the signals are composed in an incoherent manner, due to which the signal power at the input of the receiver (receiving devices of satellite repeaters 19, 22) is equal to the sum of the signal powers that arrived from each of the transmitters of the satellite repeater 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23. The root satellite 1, 2 continuously monitors signals within the satellite's coverage area and determines the directions of signal transmission and arrival. AND

This method is implemented as follows. If there are uncorrelated signals, then the energy of the total signal is equal to the integral of the sum of the powers of the individual signals:

M (ke

E- U) (1) i-1 I

Calculation of the energy of the pulse field of an ultra-broadband signal in the form of a sequence of pulses of IN-OMUV signals is based on the calculation of the duration of the pulse 7 and the frequency of repetition of pulses by them; IVN-YUMUV of signals has the form |4|:

IN; - PMK , (2) where t. the spectral density of the field energy, and - the width of the spectrum formed by the pulse, M - the number of pulses in the packet.

and after the corresponding transformations we have the following dependence: g7120lir ; (3) where P is the power supplied to the antenna, a. the gain of the transmitting antenna, G is the distance from the radiation source.

Thus, an increase in the energy of the total signal is equivalent to an increase in the communication range of the intersatellite channel of the low-orbit satellite radio communication system, in which a pulsed ultra-broadband signal is used as an information carrier, as mentioned above, the analogue provides...

To increase the immunity of the intersatellite communication line when receiving a multibeam signal in the known device for receiving multibeam signals |Z), which was mentioned above, containing I data receivers 25-1-25-Y and, accordingly, multiplication schemes 26-1- 26- Y, the circuit for determining the weighting coefficients 27, each output of which is connected to its corresponding multiplier 26-1-26-Y, the adder 28 and the decision circuit 29, the input of which is connected to the output of the adder 28, and the output is the output of the device. The device also contains M beam cluster receivers 30-1-30-M and, accordingly, multiplication devices 31-1-31-M, beam cluster detection and analysis scheme 32, search receiver 33, switch 34 and control unit 35, while the first inputs of each data receiver 25-1-25-Y, each beam cluster receiver 30-1-30-M are simultaneously device inputs, their second input is connected to the corresponding first outputs of the control unit 35, the third input of each beam cluster receiver 30- 1...30-M is connected to the corresponding output of the switch 34, the first inputs of which are connected to the corresponding first outputs of each data receiver 25-1-25-I. the second input - with the first output of the beam cluster detection and analysis scheme 32, and the third input - with the second output of the control unit 35, the third output of which is connected to the second input of the search receiver 33, while the first output of the search receiver 33 is connected to the second input of the beam cluster detection and analysis circuit 32, the second output of the search receiver is connected to the first input of the control unit 35 and the first input of the beam cluster detection and analysis circuit 8, the second output of the beam cluster detection and analysis circuit 8 is connected to the second input of the block control 11, the second output of each data receiver 32-1-32-Y is simultaneously connected to the corresponding input of the scheme for determining the weighting factors 27 and the multiplier 26-1-26-Y, the output of each receiver of the beam cluster 30-1...30 -M is simultaneously connected to the input of the determination scheme corresponding to it

From weighting factors Z and multiplication devices 31-1...31-M. In addition, the output of each multiplication device is 26-1...26-Y. and 31-1...31-M is connected to the corresponding input of the adder 28, additionally introduced: the subtraction device 37 is connected to the input of the search receiver 33, the first output of which is connected to the circuit 32 for detecting and analyzing the beam cluster, and the second - to the second input of the subtraction device 38, the output of which is connected to the input of the serially connected multi-channel 40-1...40-M optimal interpolator of the i-o beam signal based on the updating process, multi-channel 41-1...41-M amplifier and the switching device 39, the output of which is connected to the second input of the subtraction device 37, the detection detector 36 of the multi-channel signal, the input of which and the inputs of the subtraction devices 37 and 38 are simultaneously the inputs of the device, the output of the detection detector 36 of the multi-channel signal is connected to the first input of the switching device 39 .

The device for receiving multi-beam ultra-wideband signals, shown in Fig. 2, works as follows.

The input signal is received at the inputs of the I-data receivers 25-1-25-i and at the inputs of the subtraction devices 37, 38 of the multibeam signal processing scheme. In the absence of additional rays, the switching device 39 is open and the subtraction device 37 works as a linear amplifier. When additional beam signals appear, the detector 36 of the multibeam signal is triggered, and the multichannel /-40-1...40-M optimal signal interpolator is connected to the subtraction device 37 through the switching device 15 and the multichannel /41-1...41-M amplifier and -th beam based on the updating process, which forms a copy of the interference. Thus, the signal of the non-main beam is removed from the input process, which creates conditions for the effective operation of devices for further processing of the useful signal.

The presence of the multibeam signal detector 36 and the controlled switching device 39 makes the processing device adaptive.

From the output of the processing circuit, the multi-beam signal enters the input of the search receiver 33, while each data receiver processes a separate beam (one of the I beams). The output signals of the data receivers 25-1-25-I are sent to the multiplication circuits 26-1-26-І, where they are multiplied by the weighting factors that are formed by the weighting factor determination unit 27 in such a way that a larger signal corresponds to a larger factor. Then the output signals of the multiplication circuits are summed up by the adder 28 and fed to the input of the decision circuit 29, which makes a decision about the received information signal, and the output of which is the output of the device. The search receiver 33 sequentially scans the multibeam interval, with a signal detection operation being performed at each step. The maximum of the detected signals is sent to the control unit 35, where it is compared with the 3 minimum output signal of the corresponding data receiver. If the maximum signal of the search receiver 33 is greater than the minimum output signal of one of the data receivers, then this data receiver switches to processing the beam allocated by the search receiver. For this, the control unit 35 sends a signal to the corresponding data receiver 25-1...25-I, which is used to restructure this receiver, which ensures reception of the selected beam.

After the data receiver captures the 25-1-25th signal of a single beam, it is checked for a cluster of beams. For this, the control unit 35 issues to the search receiver 33 a sequence of commands that specify temporary shifts. With each shift, the signal is accumulated in the correlator of the search receiver 33.

In the beam cluster detection and analysis scheme 8, the output values of the correlators of the search receiver 33 are compared with the threshold formed in the search receiver 33. Exceeding the threshold means detecting a signal.

If a cluster O of rays is detected, then the scheme of detection and analysis of a cluster of rays issues a detection signal of a cluster of rays to the control unit 35, and its size to the switch 34.

According to the detection signal of the beam cluster, the control unit 35 sets the switch 34 in such a way that the reference signals from the data receiver 25-1-25th, in relation to the reference signal of which the beam cluster was detected, are sent to the M-receivers of the beam cluster 30-1-30-M . Moreover, each detected cluster of rays corresponds to the reference signal of the data receiver, these signals coincide in time.

The output signals of the receivers of the 30-1-30-M beam cluster are multiplied by the weighting coefficients, which are formed in such a way that a larger signal corresponds to a larger coefficient. Then the output signals are summed by the adder 28 and fed to the input of the decision circuit 29.

A feature of the received multi-beam signal processing scheme is signal compensation,

Why are they getting in the way, in every channel. For the main beam signal, there will be interfering signals that have passed through the imprinted propagation channels, and when processing the delayed interfering signals, there will be a main beam signal. The difference between the proposed solution and |5I is that in this case, the interference compensator uses not filtering but interpolation estimates.

The simulation results of the proposed multi-beam signal processing scheme showed that the use of such a signal processing algorithm allows to increase the filtering accuracy by approximately 20 95 at a signal-to-noise ratio of -0 dB and by 90-100 95 at a signal-to-noise ratio of -10 dB in a wide range of changes of the time delay of the signal in the ith beam, caused by an increase in the propagation path.

A valid technical solution for increasing the communication range of the intersatellite channel of the terahertz range of the low-orbit satellite radio communication system uses a new type of construction of ultra-high-speed broadband transmitting devices of satellite repeaters, which implements the assembly of the powers of several low-power transmitters of the terahertz range radio communication system in the space of an auxiliary microgroup of satellites retracers. At the same time, established limits on the spectral power of ultra-broadband signal radiation for use in satellite communication systems and, accordingly, electromagnetic compatibility standards are ensured, as well as dynamic management of the integral service area and, accordingly, an increase in the area covered by information services for subscribers of satellite systems, which also increases flexibility and efficiency use of radio frequency resource. In addition, the proposed technical solution for creating such a placed payload allows to increase the bandwidth of intersatellite communication. At the same time, the time of transmission of a given amount of information | will be determined by the expression:

Her - IM; ; (4) where M is the original volume of data files, M is the transmission speed of the ith relay satellite, and is the number of relay satellites in the cluster,

The total speed of information transmission will be increased in proportion to the number of repeater satellites included in the cluster.

The technical solution makes it possible to increase interference resistance and increase the communication range, and thanks to reliable data transmission, the capacity of low-orbit satellite systems increases.

The proposed solution ensures the functioning of intersatellite communication lines not only in the traditional frequency bands of 23.59 GHz, but also in promising ones from 100 to 300 GHz. which makes it possible to significantly increase the bandwidth of the low-orbit satellite radio communication system to provide mobile network 52 and IoT services.

Sources of information: 1. Patent VO 2549832, MKY NO4B 7/185. The method of space communication, publ. 27.02.2007, analogue. 2. Patent of Ukraine for a utility model Mo 134409, MKY НО4В 7/185. A system of low-orbit satellite communication. Date of publication 05/10/2019. - Bull. Mo 9/2019, the closest analogue.

Z. Patent KO Mo 2120180. A method of receiving multibeam signals and a device for its implementation / Harmonov A.V., Tabatsky V.D. Date of patent publication 10.10.1998. 4. Dobkin V.D. Radio-electron combat: force defeat of radio-electron systems.

Moscow: University book, 2007. - 468 p. 5. M.A. Bikhovsky Application of multi-channel interference compensators in communication systems //Radiotechnique, 1984, Mo 12. P. 9-16.

Claims (3)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. A system of low-orbit satellite communication with intersatellite communication channels of the terahertz range, which includes artificial satellites of the Earth, each of which functions in a near-Earth orbit and is equipped with on-board repeaters, intersatellite communication, a network of ground communication stations and control of artificial satellites Earth, a grouping of low-orbiting spacecraft (I EO-system), which includes a grouping of root (leading) satellites and relay satellites (slaves), while the functions of the root satellite are performed by mini- or micro-satellites, which are connected in a ring network by communication lines communication between satellites, and the functions of relay satellites are cubesats, which is distinguished by the fact that a grouping of relay satellites (subordinates) is additionally introduced around each root satellite, which is synchronously radiating spatially dispersed low-power transmitters with a spatial correlation coefficient less than 0, 3 and Zo receiving devices of the terahertz range in. 2. A system of low-orbit satellite communication with intersatellite communication channels of the terahertz range according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that ultra-high-speed transmission of a given amount of information is carried out strictly synchronously in accordance with a certain algorithm on separately organized high-speed radio channels spread in frequency and space, at the same time, the distribution of information flows is carried out by the root satellite, which receives the full information flow either from its payload or via intersatellite relay channels. 3. A low-orbit satellite communication system with intersatellite communication channels of the terahertz range according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the receiving devices of relay satellites contain Y data receivers, Y multiplication devices, a circuit for determining weighting factors, an adder, a decision circuit, M cluster receivers, M multiplying devices, beam cluster detection and analysis scheme, search receiver, switch, control unit, multi-channel signal detection detector, subtraction device, switching device, M multi-channel optimal i-o beam signal interpolators based on the updating process, M multi-channel amplifiers .