UA136677U - LOCKING BUCKET FOR HIGH-STRENGTH CAST IRON - Google Patents

Abstract

The locking bucket for producing high-strength cast iron includes a lined metal housing with a bottom in which the outlet is made. At the bottom of the bucket is a partition with the formation in the space of the body zones, one of which is the zone for modifiers.

Description

The useful model belongs to the foundry production, in particular to the designs of ladles for modifying and pouring cast iron.

It is known that one of the methods of filling forms in the production of shaped castings from cast iron is the use of a locking ladle (VO 94017159 A1, B220 43/00, 27.01.1996.

Also known from the state of the art is a locking ladle, the construction of which includes a metal body with a bottom lined with brick, while the bottom has an outlet covered by a stopper, i.e. a steel rod with a plug at the end, lined with ceramic tubes and rigidly connected to its lifting mechanism and lowering (Electronic resource - Access mode: pirz //vijdoreaia.ogo/13-75993.PiIti. Fig. 27-28.

According to the set of essential features and the achieved effect, the described locking bucket is considered the closest analogue.

It is known that such metallurgical operations as refining, modification and alloying of the melt to obtain high-strength cast iron are carried out in the ladle.

At the same time, the existing methods of spheroidizing modification involve the use of special technological schemes for the placement of modifiers, in particular by feeding a flux-cored wire with highly active reagents into the stopper bucket.

In the process of modification, which is carried out by feeding powder-coated wire with highly active reagents into the stopper ladle, soot occurs up to 50-95 elements that are easily oxidized by the coating slag, atmospheric air, lining of the ladle, as well as in the process of long-term modification.

The basis of a useful model is the task of creating a locking ladle for obtaining high-strength cast iron, the design of which ensures a reduction in the fall of modifiers and an increase in the efficiency of their use.

The task is solved due to the technical result, which consists in reducing the washing of modifiers by the cast iron jet and the gradual reaction of the cast iron melt with them.

The design of the locking ladle for obtaining high-strength cast iron includes the following features: - a metal body with a bottom, lined with bricks; - a partition placed on the bottom that divides the bucket into zones; - bucket zone, which is a reaction chamber for modifiers;

Zo - a zone in which one or two outlet holes are placed, covered with stoppers, that is, steel rods with a plug at the end, lined with ceramic tubes and rigidly connected to the mechanism for their lifting and lowering; - the partition is made in the form of brickwork from several rows of bricks; - the partition is made with several holes in the lower part of the brickwork; - the holes in the partition are closed with tin.

The claimed and known constructions of locking buckets have the following common features: a lined metal body with a bottom in which there is an outlet hole.

According to the useful model, a partition is placed on the bottom with the formation of zones in the space of the body, one of which is a zone for modifiers.

In addition, the partition is made in the form of brickwork with several holes in its lower part, closed with tin.

Also, the lined metal case is equipped with an additional outlet.

There is a cause and effect relationship between the distinguishing features of a useful model and the technical result achieved.

Due to the presence of a partition placed on the bottom and dividing the space of the body into zones, it is possible for the molten cast iron to react with the modifiers gradually, being evenly distributed throughout the volume of the melt. At the same time, the carbon monoxide of the modifying materials is significantly reduced.

Due to the fact that one of the zones of the housing is a reaction chamber, before draining the metal from the gate valve into the stop ladle, modifiers are placed in this chamber and sprinkled on top with a coating material that delays the emergence of modifiers and prevents their rapid reaction with the melt.

Due to the fact that the partition is made in the form of brickwork from several rows of bricks, the reaction of molten cast iron with modifiers occurs gradually, thereby increasing the reaction effect and, as a result, obtaining the necessary qualities of molten cast iron.

Thanks to the partition with several holes in the lower part of the brickwork, there is a gradual penetration-interaction of molten cast iron with modifiers, which increases the assimilation of graphitizing and spheroidizing modifiers with the melt.

Due to closing the holes with tin in the partition, modifiers that have not reacted with cast iron are not significantly transported to the surface of the melt and are not burned.

The above allows to stabilize the assimilation of molten magnesium and to obtain the necessary stability of the structure and properties of cast iron in castings, as well as to reduce the soot of modifiers by 4-5 times.

Due to the fact that the case is equipped with an additional outlet, it can be used as a backup or to speed up the process of pouring into cast iron molds.

The design of the reaction chamber allows you to significantly reduce the loss of elements that are easily oxidized. The introduction of modifiers in the form of complex compositions with the help of a reaction chamber allows to exert a deeper influence on the metal melt.

The result is not only a deeper "chemical" effect, expressed in a change in the nature of non-metallic inclusions, but also a "physical" one, associated with a change in the crystallization conditions of the casting (especially if the modifiers include rare earth elements), with an inoculating effect solid metal particles of modifiers, which are introduced into the liquid melt.

The above ensures the achievement of the technical result, which consists in reducing the erosion of the modifiers by the cast iron jet and the gradual reaction of the cast iron melt with them.

Exclusion of at least one of them from the above set of essential features does not ensure the achievement of the specified technical result.

The essence of the useful model is explained by the drawings, which show: a locking bucket with two outlet holes (top view) fig. 1; a partition with holes in the brickwork (view from the side of the area with outlet holes) fig. 2.

The locking ladle for obtaining high-strength cast iron includes a metal body 1 (Fig. 1), lining 2 of the body 1 of the ladle with a bottom 3 (Fig. 2), which is lined with a brick, in which an outlet hole 4 (Fig. 1) is made. On the bottom C (Fig. 2) there is a partition 5 (Fig. 1) with the formation of zones 7, 8 in the body space, one of which is a zone (reaction chamber) 7 for modifiers, and the other is zone 8 with an outlet 4.

Partition 5 is made in the form of brickwork with several holes 9 (Fig. 2) in its lower part, closed with tin 6 (Fig. 1).

The lined metal case 1 is equipped with an additional outlet 10.

The declared useful model is industrially applicable - it is intended for use in industry and implemented in the steel smelting workshop of the Novokramatorsk Machine-Building Plant (MKM) in the production of high-strength cast iron castings, in particular, in the production of the product "Vylyvnytsia" weighing 7.2 tons from ВЧ 500-7 cast iron in a locking buckets with a capacity of 15 tons.

The locking ladle for obtaining high-strength cast iron is operated in the following way:

In the reaction chamber 7 (Fig. 1), formed by a partition 5 in the form of three rows of bricks with holes 9 (Fig. 2), closed with tin 6 (Fig. 1), on the bottom З (Fig. 2) of the body 1 (Fig. 1 ) graphitizing and spheroidizing modifiers are placed in the ladle and covered with covering material.

Then body 1 ladle is heated. After heating the liner 2 of the body 1 of the ladle, cast iron is poured from the sliding ladle into the zone 8 of the locking ladle. Cast iron, filling zone 8, gradually flows into zone (reaction chamber) 7, where modification takes place, which allows obtaining high-strength cast iron. Further, with the help of outlet 4 and, if necessary, outlet 10, casting molds are filled with cast iron melt.

Thus, as a result of the technical implementation of the proposed solution during the operation of the stop ladle, a reduction in the erosion of the cast iron jet and the soot modifiers is achieved, as well as the gradual reaction of the cast iron melt with them and an increase in the efficiency of the use of modifiers in the process of obtaining high-strength cast iron for castings.

Claims (3)

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