UA136314U - COMBINED NOISE PROTECTIVE BARRIER WITH INTEGRATED SOLAR BATTERIES - Google Patents

Abstract

Combined noise barrier with integrated solar panels, is an engineering structure consisting of the foundation, sound-absorbing, sound-reflecting modules and solar cell elements, according to the utility model has a Y-shaped profile equipped with metal perforated modules filled with sound-absorbing material origin, composite materials, mineral fibers, etc.), and sound-reflecting transparent or translucent modules, mounted on a foundation of photocatalytic concrete, and the energy obtained from solar panels is transmitted to street lights, also installed on this foundation.

Description

The useful model belongs to noise barriers and is designed to protect residential buildings and pedestrian zones from noise.

Close to the proposed useful model in essence is the block of noise protection with an integrated photovoltaic system (Patent ЕРО784123), which provides for noise protection to use concrete components with their surfaces, which are placed in front of the noise source, which has a high level of noise absorption. Solar modules are fixed to the concrete components, which can be attached by mounting elements that attach to seals provided on their surface, with a resilient layer between each solar module and its mounting.

The installation of solar panels on stairs is an inexpensive way to improve already built noise protection screens, especially in those cases where it is necessary to improve the noise protection performance. Such a configuration demonstrates high noise protection indicators, however, it is necessary to take into account, as a drawback, the effect of self-shading, which negatively affects the indicators of electricity generation.

As the closest analog, the noise protection screen described in (Patent of Ukraine Mo 38574 "Method of protection against traffic noise" dated January 12, 2009 / inventors Bohdanov Yu.V.

V.V. Safonov; the applicant and the owner of the patent is the Dnipro State Academy of Construction and Architecture, which is distinguished by the fact that its upper part has a so-called "broken" profile and is located at right angles to the beam connecting the noise source with the calculated point on the object of protection .

The disadvantages of the noise protection screen in question include a close connection between the noise protection efficiency and the geometric size and shape. A real acoustic screen cannot have a very high height for reasons of aesthetics and economic feasibility. This design does not contribute to reducing the spread of secondary (diffraction) acoustic waves that go around the screen and reach the area of the protected area.

The basis of the proposed useful model is the task of improving the noise shield in such a way that it performs several tasks at the same time: 1) absorption of harmful substances from the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines; 2) sound wave reflection;

From 3) noise absorption; 4) compliance with road safety conditions; 5) increased energy efficiency.

The task is solved thanks to the fact that different materials are used simultaneously in the engineering structure, and the U-shaped design of the noise barrier allows you to save on its height.

Diffraction phenomena occurring at the edges of the barrier significantly affect its effectiveness, especially in the area of low frequencies. Therefore, in the design of the noise barrier, it is necessary to provide such structural elements that will contribute to reducing the spread of secondary (diffraction) acoustic waves that go around the barrier and reach the protected area. This requirement is fully met by the protective engineering design of the U-shaped profile with a sound-absorbing surface.

The choice of this form of noise barrier is due to: 1) the possibility of reducing diffraction at its edge; 2) preventing the formation of a reflected sound wave front, which makes it possible not to install a protective barrier on the opposite side of the road; 3) the possibility of selecting barrier modules for a given spectrum of traffic noise; 4) ease of installation and operation.

In addition, the U-shaped design of the noise shield allows you to save on its height.

This is a significant advantage for large-sized protection objects, for example, multi-story buildings.

The essence of a useful model is explained by drawings, where:

In fig. 1 shows the location of the device on the terrain, which includes: A - an object protected from noise; B - noise source; C - combined noise barrier; and Pp is the height of the barrier; And - the distance from the noise source to the protected object; аВВ - distance from the noise source to the first diffraction edge; avA - the distance from the second diffraction edge to the object protected by the engineering structure; 4 - the distance between the diffraction edges of the barrier; PA - noise receiver height; HB - the height of the conventional acoustic center of the noise source.

Fi. 2 clearly shows the structural arrangement of the components of the combined 60 noise barrier with integrated solar cells, where 1 is the absorbent layer of the concrete construction of the noise barrier, 2 is the perforated metal module, C is the supporting posts, 4 is the sound-reflective transparent module, and 5 is the sound-absorbing material. , 6 - solar battery elements, 7 - street lighting lamps.

The effectiveness of using the proposed device is achieved as follows.

A catalyst is added to the absorbent layer of concrete structure 1. photocatalytic concrete is produced using the technology, according to which nanoparticles of the catalyst - titanium dioxide (TiOg) are added to the concrete recipe. Under the influence of ultraviolet rays of sunlight, titanium dioxide activates oxygen in the surrounding air. Oxygen interacts with nitrogen oxides in such a way that nitrite ions are formed, which in turn, interacting with lime in cement, turn into nitrates and are washed away with water. The volume of washed nitrates is so small that it can be neglected. The addition of titanium dioxide to cement improves the mechanical properties of the resulting concrete. The photocatalytic activity of concretes based on titanium dioxide, with regular cleaning of the active surface, is preserved many years after the start of use.

On the concrete structure, supporting posts C are fixed for placement of sound-absorbing and sound-reflecting modules and solar panels, the upper part of which has a U-shaped shape with an angle of inclination of 45".

In the design of the protective barrier, sound-absorbing materials 5 are used in order to reduce the secondary acoustic manifestations of the traffic flow due to the reflection of acoustic waves from the surface of the barrier in the opposite direction. The following can be used as raw materials for the production of sound-absorbing materials: polymers of organic origin, composite materials, mineral fibers, etc.

Taking into account the fact that the purpose of the protective barrier is not only to reduce the acoustic component of the impact of traffic flows on the adjacent territory, but also the degree of ingredient pollution, the choice of filler for sound-absorbing modules is carried out taking into account the possible absorption qualities of the material. Taking this into account, it is possible to reduce the degree of gas pollution not only in the main highway areas, but also directly in the traffic area.

These requirements are met by carbon materials. As a raw material for them, you can

Do not use any substances containing carbon: cellulose, peat, coal, synthetic polymer materials, etc. Carbon materials can be in different forms: granular, fibrous, porous, film.

The noise of the traffic flow is not constant, so the sound-absorbing material must be effective in a wide range of frequencies. The effectiveness of sound-absorbing material is largely determined by a number of its characteristics, such as thickness, specific surface area of pores, total volume of through channels, density, etc. Based on considerations of ease of installation and further operation, it is advisable to use carbon materials in the form of rolled materials with a fibrous structure, as well as in the form of porous plates. To fix the sound-absorbing material in the module and prevent it from spilling out of the structure of the protective screen, fabric covers can be used, which can be made, for example, from fiberglass or kapron fiber. In order to increase the level of fire safety of the structure, it is possible to treat fabric shells with fire retardants.

The sound-absorbing material is placed in a perforated metal module 2, which provides the necessary rigidity of the structure.

In connection with the need to ensure the visual comfort of the residents of the agricultural zone and sufficient visibility of the drivers, it is advisable to make noise shields transparent, but this worsens their protective properties. In this model, it is proposed to combine transparent and sound-absorbing modules.

In order not to obstruct the view of road users and residents, to reduce the feeling of closed space, the fatigue of drivers and passengers, thereby ensuring road safety conditions, it is recommended to add transparent panels 4 to the design of the noise barrier. For this, you can use transparent materials - monolithic polymethyl methacrylate glass, as well as translucent - polycarbonate.

The full potential of solar energy can be revealed by integrating solar cells 6 into engineering structures. An effective solution is the combination of solar panels with noise-proof screens. This approach allows you to get effective noise protection along with the production of "clean" electricity. The advantages of using noise barriers with integrated solar batteries include: - a reduction in the cost of a solar battery, since the basis is a noise barrier;

- dual use of land resources, which allows the use of land on the edges of the road both for noise protection and for electricity generation; - positive perception by the population; - close location to areas that need both electricity and noise protection; - a positive effect on the ecological situation.

The versatility of the design of the proposed protective barrier is confirmed by the fact that it can be suitable for placing street lighting lamps 7, in which the power source is solar cells located in the upper part of the barrier. Such a combination is economically expedient both from the point of capital investment for the construction of the outdoor lighting system, and from the point of view of its energy efficiency.

The developed useful model can be used to protect against noise, sound waves and chemical compounds of exhaust gases of internal combustion engines in the urban environment, residential buildings and pedestrian areas.

Claims (1)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA A combined noise barrier with integrated solar cells, consisting of a foundation, sound absorbing, sound reflecting modules and solar cells, characterized by having a MU-shaped profile, equipped with perforated metal modules filled with sound absorbing material (polymers of organic origin, composite materials, mineral fibers, etc.), and sound-reflective transparent or translucent modules, installed on a foundation of photocatalytic concrete, and the energy obtained from solar panels is transmitted to street lighting lamps, also installed on this foundation. with and with ra KE : Ya ya ho A i : Kk chim vi. | one" Fig. 1