UA13559U - Hydrocyclone for classification of coal - Google Patents

Abstract

Hydrocyclone for classification of coal contains loader, cylinder-conic housing, to which in the apex of conical part is fastened a sand cap, and from other side - to the cylindrical part - a drain branch pipe. Hydrocyclone contains drain device made of pipe, hollow cone and halftorus; housing including adjusting device with the slider of special design, and it contains relief mechanisms for grainy drain product and the discharge.

Description

Description of the invention

The proposed technical solution is a hydrocyclone, belonging to the devices intended for classification 2 (enrichment) of coal and other minerals. This device can be used in mining, coal and coke industry.

The introduction of hydrocyclones in factories instead of cumbersome mechanical classifiers contributes to the improvement of coal classification and beneficiation technology. During the research of this issue, it was discovered

Povarov A.I. Hydrocyclones at enrichment factories. - M.: Subsoil. 1978, 232si) that with the help of 70 classification, according to the appropriate coal enrichment schemes, it is possible to achieve a quality of distribution products of about 50.

In the course of improving the technology of enrichment and increasing the complexity of the use of raw materials, the use of hydrocyclones as devices for classification is significantly expanding. In addition to classification operations, they are used in new progressive beneficiation schemes (in schemes of preparation for beneficiation of fine-grained 12 materials, intermediate products and off-balance coal waste).

By design, hydrocyclones, which are used in industry, are centrifugal devices of a cylindroconical shape. The use of various designs of hydrocyclones for the classification of coal slurries before their enrichment is known (A.s. RF Mo322220. - IPC VO4С9/00, 1968; A.s. RF Mob31215. - IPC VO4СО9/00, 19781.

However, these devices are relatively inefficient and do not allow obtaining a high yield of concentrate with acceptable ash content for consumers (dU-7.3-7.796).

The closest to the proposed useful model is a hydrocyclone (a.s. RF Mob631215. - MPK VO4СО/00, 1978) for the classification and enrichment of coal slurries (the closest analogue), which includes a loading device, a cylindroconical body, in which a sand filter is attached to the top of the conical part nozzle, and on the other side of the cylindrical part - a drain nozzle. 29 However, the hydrocyclone (the closest analogue) has a significant drawback, which is that it has a relatively low efficiency and does not allow obtaining a relatively high yield of concentrate with acceptable ash content for consumers (for the production of metallurgical coke), which prevents its introduction into industry.

The task of the proposed useful model is to improve the construction of a hydrocyclone for the classification of Ф 3о (enrichment) of coal, which will lead to the repeated separation of solid particles of the drainage product on the surface of one and a half IS) drainage device; as well as when equipping the device body with a regulating device (of a special design) and unloading devices for the removal of the obtained distribution products (concentrate and waste), the yield of concentrate with an ash content acceptable to consumers will be increased, and the efficiency of coal classification on the proposed device will be increased.

To solve the task, it is proposed to use a hydrocyclone for the classification - (enrichment) of coal, the discharge device of which is made of a pipe, a hollow cone and a half, and the body of the device includes: a regulating device with a movable ring of a special design and unloading devices for granular (coal) discharge product and for (mineral) drainage. "du Distinctive features of the proposed device have the following cause-and-effect relationship with the solution of the task: c - implementation of a drain device from a pipe, a hollow cone and a half, the presence of which allows: c" to carry out a secondary classification of the drain flow of suspension on its curved surface (different points of detachment from the surface of one and a half solid grains depending on their specific gravity) in order to obtain concentrate and waste of the required ash quality (in addition, to intensify the distribution of solid particles of coal - 395 slurries: granular, fine and ultrafine under the action of centrifugal force, various in size, drain devices containing a certain diameter of one and a half); (95) - execution of the hydrocyclone body with an adjustment device, which includes a movable (up or down) sl ring of a special design, and with unloading devices for granular drainage product and for drainage, which contributes to the improvement of their classification under the action of centrifugal forces into coal and mineral ( clay) 1 50 components in order to obtain high-quality enrichment products (concentrate and waste), which must meet the requirements of consumers.

The specified differences of the hydrocyclone allow the solid particles of the drainage product, depending on the specific weight (size), to break off on the steep surface of the half-pipe or not at all on it during their movement in suspension along the half-pipe of the drainage device to the unloading devices: for granular drainage product 59 or for draining. As a result of this, an additional (secondary) classification (enrichment) of coal slurries takes place in the apparatus, with the production of a granular drain product (concentrate) and drain (waste).

These differences allow the hydrocyclone to effectively divide the slurry into coal concentrate and waste (mineral sludge). This is achieved by installing a pipe, a hollow cone and a half in the drainage device. Upon reaching the drainage suspension of the curved surface of the one-and-a-half apparatus, solid particles under the action of centrifugal force, depending on the specific gravity (size), break off on the surface of the one-and-a-half with different steepness or do not detach at all (clay silt), continuing to move, skirting the surface of the one-and-a-half, into the unloading device for draining (waste). Detached from the surface of one and a half draining device, solid grains fly into the discharge device for granular draining product (thickened). A clear hitting of the fission products into the appropriate unloading devices (for the granular waste product or for the drain) is ensured by an adjustment device with a movable (up or down) ring of a special design.

In the search process, we did not find a technical solution in which the drainage device of the hydrocyclone is made of a pipe, a hollow cone and a half, and its body is equipped with an adjustment device of a special design and unloading devices: for granular drainage product and drainage.

Thus, in order to achieve the set goal, we have not found a hydrocyclone that has design features similar to the claimed device. Therefore, the proposed technical solution meets the "Significant differences" criterion.

The essence of a useful model is explained by drawings. Figure 1 shows a front view - the main view of the device; in Fig. 2 - a view of the hydrocyclone from above; in Fig. 3 - toroidal drain device, front view; in Fig. 4 - 70 toroidal drain device, top view; Fig. 5 - movable ring of the adjusting device, front view; in Fig. b - a movable ring of the adjusting device, top view.

A hydrocyclone for the classification (enrichment) of coal (Fig. 1-2) consists of: a loading device 1, a cylindrical part 2, to which its conical part З with a sand nozzle 4 is attached on one side, and on the other side - a drain device 5 with one and a half b (Fig. 3, 4). In addition, the body of the hydrocyclone 11 includes an adjustment device 7 with a movable ring 8 of a special design (Fig. 5, 6) and unloading devices: for the granular drain product 9 and for drain 10.

The drain device 5 (Fig. 3, 4) consists of: a pipe, a hollow cone and a half 6.

The movable ring 8 of a special design (Fig. 5, 6) includes: a cylindrical part, a conical part and grooves for fastening.

Hydrocyclone works in this way.

The output suspension through the loading device 1 enters the hydrocyclone tangentially under pressure, thanks to which it receives a rotational movement. Under the action of centrifugal force, the grains are stratified by specific weight (size) in the radial direction (from the axis of rotation of the flow to the outer walls). At the same time, under the influence of the gravitational force and the pressure of the incoming suspension, the material moves along the axis of the hydrocyclone from top to bottom. The condensed (granular) coal product leaves the hydrocyclone through the sand nozzle 4. In addition, in the narrowed part of the cone C, conditions are created for the formation of an internal flow, which, rising o, upwards in a spiral, carries out of the apparatus through the drain device 5 small grains with the main mass of water . On the surface of one and a half 6 of the drain device 5, the sludge is classified a second time into coal grains and mineral (clay) silt under the action of swirling inertial forces (swelling forces). The resulting products are delivered to Ge! z unloading devices for granular drain product 9 and for drain 10.

So, the classification (enrichment) of coal in the proposed hydrocyclone takes place in three stages: o - separation of (condensed) coal particles through a sand nozzle after their separation inside the apparatus body; у - capture of (granular) coal grains from the suspension due to their detachment into the air during the passage of the hydraulic flow along the semi-torus of the drainage device; o - removal (clay drain) of mineral sludge with water after passing (circumventing) this mixture "- one and a half surfaces of the drain device.

The efficiency of work (classification of coal) of the hydrocyclone is regulated by changing the pressure of the initial suspension at its entrance or by replacing the sand nozzle with a larger or smaller hole diameter. In order to achieve the required quality of the obtained distribution products, after passing the suspension flow through the semi-torus of the draining device, "

The body of the device 11 is equipped with an adjustment device 7, with the help of which it is possible to change the height of the position of the ring 8 (of a special design) relative to the unloading devices: for the granular draining product 9 and for draining 10. The output suspension is fed into the hydrocyclone under a pressure of 0.05 to 0 ,30 MPa. ;" The developed device separates two (condensed and granular) coal products (concentrates) and mineral (mainly clay sludge) drain (waste).

Example of device operation. The tests were carried out at the semi-industrial plant of the "Kalininska" CZF. Coal slurries (with an ash content of 24.995) from the central sump of the workshop served as the starting product. The size of the sludge particles was 3.0 mm. The content of the solid product in the initial suspension was equal to 8Okg/m?. The suspension separation factor o in the hydrocyclone was 60. 1 p (Che) 000 Concentrate, 95... Waste (drain), 95 Efficiency of classification, with pa| vv || 3 Tna| invo|zve| vve | The data in the table show that the proposed hydrocyclone for the classification (enrichment) of coal slurries allows you to increase the yield of the concentrate by 1.595, reduce its ash content by 1.395 and increase the efficiency of classification by 10.5290, compared to the known device - the closest analogue.

Thus, the proposed hydrocyclone for the classification (enrichment) of coal slurries increases the classification efficiency and increases the yield of the concentrate, as well as ensures a decrease in its ash content in comparison with the known apparatus. In addition, the proposed apparatus makes it possible to obtain a high-quality ash concentrate suitable for the production of metallurgical coke.

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention , , Shchi , , and what , , and Hydrocyclone for classifying coal, which contains a loading device, a cylindroconical body, to which a sand nozzle is attached at the top of the conical part, and on the other side to the cylindrical part - a drain nozzle, which differs in that containing: a drain device, which is made of a pipe, a hollow cone and a half; a housing including an adjustment device with a movable ring of a special design, and 70 contains unloading devices for granular drain product and drain. - (o) IS) IS) (ze) h- - with . and? - (95) 1 s 50 3e) s 60 b5