UA133734U - HEATING AND EXCHANGE APPLIANCE - Google Patents

Abstract

The heat exchanger nozzle contains a vertical housing with a nozzle inside the support grille, hatches for loading and unloading the nozzle, nozzles for supply and removal of light and heavy phases. The common nozzle layer is interspersed with nozzles with a smaller equivalent diameter and a larger equivalent diameter, with a mode of operation not lower than the hanging point in the nozzle layer with a smaller equivalent diameter.

Description

The useful model belongs to the heat and mass transfer equipment, in particular to the column-type packing apparatus for rectification, absorption and extraction processes, and can be used in various branches of the national economy, but primarily in such as the chemical industry, the petrochemical industry, and others.

A modern column-type countercurrent heat exchanger can operate in several hydrodynamic modes, depending on production needs.

The film mode of operation is used when it is necessary to ensure the lowest hydraulic resistance of the attachment device. However, a negative phenomenon is observed in this regime. For example, in a nozzle absorber, the liquid moving along the nozzle of the column from top to bottom towards the gas spreads to the periphery of the device, and the gas goes to the center. As a result, the heat and mass exchange surface in the nozzle layer is significantly reduced. To reduce the effect of the negative phenomenon, the general layer of the nozzle is divided by height into tiers, the height of which does not exceed three or four diameters of the device |Planovsky A.N., Nikolaev P.I. Process and apparatus of chemical and petrochemical technology. Ed. 2nd, add., revised. - M.: Khimiya, 1972. - 496 p. - P. 3281.

The closest analogue is a nozzle heat and mass exchange device, which contains a vertical body with two tiers of nozzles located inside, supporting grids under the tiers of nozzles, hatches for each tier of nozzles for loading and unloading nozzles, nozzles for supply and discharge of light and heavy phases. The height of the tiers of the nozzle is equal to four diameters of the device. The upper tier of the nozzle is irrigated using a plate of the TSN-SH type. A distribution plate of the TON-YII type is installed after the upper tier of the nozzle

And the main process! and apparatus of chemical technology: A guide to design / H.S.

Borisov, V.P. Bryikov, Yu.Y. Ditnersky and others Ed. Yu.Y. Dtnerskogo, 2nd ed., revised. and additional - M.: Khimiya, 1991. - 496 p. - P. 474, P. 475).

The disadvantage of the closest analogue is that due to the division of the common layer of the nozzle into tiers, the device has a significant height, and therefore the material capacity, accordingly, the intensity of its heat and mass exchange is low.

The basis of the useful model is the task of improving the attachment heat and mass exchange apparatus, which will have the maximum possible intensity of heat and mass exchange with admissible

With minimal hydraulic resistance.

The task is solved by the fact that in the new nozzle heat and mass exchange apparatus, which contains a vertical body with a nozzle layer located inside on a supporting grid, hatches for nozzle loading and unloading, nozzles for supplying and removing light and heavy phases, according to a useful model, a common nozzle layer is interspersed with nozzles with a smaller equivalent diameter and with a larger equivalent diameter, while in the nozzle layer with a smaller equivalent diameter, the operating mode is implemented not lower than the suspension point and its height is relatively small. A nozzle layer with a smaller equivalent diameter in terms of the total height of the nozzle layer is placed first from above and further down it is alternated with a nozzle with a larger equivalent diameter. A nozzle layer with a smaller equivalent diameter is an ideal natural irrigator for a nozzle layer with a larger equivalent diameter, in which the film mode of operation is realized.

The height of the general layer of the nozzle in the device is determined by the mechanical strength of the support grid.

The essence of the useful model is explained by the drawing, which presents the attachment heat and mass exchange apparatus.

Nozzle heat and mass exchange apparatus, consisting of a body 1, a support grid 2, hatches for nozzle loading C and nozzle unloading 4, nozzle layers with a smaller equivalent diameter 5, nozzle layers with a larger equivalent diameter 6, inlet nozzles 7 and outlet 8 of heavy phase I, nozzles input 9 and output 10 of light phase C, works as follows.

The heavy phase І is fed using the nozzle 7, while its end is inserted into the upper layer of the nozzle with a smaller equivalent diameter 5. The light phase Сх is fed down the column using the nozzle 9 under the nozzle layer with a larger equivalent diameter 6. A hydraulic calculation is carried out in advance to select the nozzle according to the type and size, so that with the given input phases I and Co, in the layer of the nozzle with a smaller equivalent diameter 5, the mode of operation of the nozzle is implemented not below the suspension point, and in the layer of the nozzle with a larger equivalent diameter 6 - the film mode. The nozzle layer with a smaller equivalent diameter 5 due to the close contact of phases I and C distributes the liquid evenly in the cross section of the column and becomes an ideal natural irrigator of the nozzle layer with a larger equivalent diameter 6.

The height of the nozzle layer with a larger equivalent diameter of 6 does not exceed a height equal to three to four diameters of the device.

Thus, as a result of the contact of phases I and Si; intensive heat and mass exchange with hydraulic resistance not exceeding the permissible value is implemented in the general layer of the apparatus nozzle. It should be noted that the upper layer of the nozzle with a smaller equivalent diameter 5 at the same time represents a separator. The height of the separation part of such a heat and mass exchange device will be minimal.

Indirect proof of the above is provided by information on the amount of liquid retained by the nozzle layer.

Example 1. A countercurrent column operating in an air-water system was studied. A layer of 0.8 m high ceramic nozzle made of Rashig rings measuring 15 x 15 x 3 mm was used.

The amount of retained water ф (m3/mU) by the layer of the nozzle in the film mode of operation of the MUs//szakhl « 0.6 device at the irrigation density of 30.10 m3/(m2-h.), where MUs is the air velocity, was determined by the etching feed cut-off method , MUszakhl - Air velocity in choking mode.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Example 2. Example 1 was repeated, but the operating mode of the device was not lower than the suspension point, M/s/MUszakhl-0.6. The results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2

It follows from the results of the experiments that during the film mode of operation of the nozzle apparatus, the gas does not affect the liquid flowing down the nozzle and further to the periphery of the apparatus, since the amount of liquid retained by the nozzle layer is approximately the same. In the mode not lower than the suspension point, the gas actively affects the flowing liquid and breaks it into streams, distributing them evenly across the cross-section of the device, since the amount of liquid retained by the nozzle layer increases with the increase of UUs///szakhl. This makes it possible to form an ideal natural sprinkler from such a layer of nozzles.

Thus, the new plug-in heat and mass exchanger has the maximum possible

From the intensity of heat and mass exchange with admissible minimum hydraulic resistance.

Claims (1)

UTILITY MODEL FORMULA A nozzle heat exchanger containing a vertical body with a nozzle layer located inside on a support grid, hatches for nozzle loading and unloading, nozzles for supply and discharge of light and heavy phases, which is characterized by the fact that the general nozzle layer is interspersed with nozzles with a smaller equivalent diameter and with a whiter equivalent diameter, while in the nozzle layer with a smaller equivalent diameter, the operating mode is implemented not lower than the suspension point.