UA133289U - MINERAL-WATER MIXTURE FOR FIRE EXTINGUISHING - Google Patents

Abstract

The mineral-water mixture for extinguishing fires on the open surface contains sand and clay. For the inactivation of oil refining products, an additional aqueous clay extract was introduced.

Description

The useful model belongs to the technology of extinguishing fires in open areas and can be used to extinguish oil products that are spilled on the surface during a fire.

The closest analogue to the proposed useful model is a mineral-water mixture, which consists of sand, clay and water taken in the following ratio (in mass. c) 5-20, 1-5, 75-80 (1).

The components included in this mixture are successfully used in extinguishing fires on an open surface.

Water, which usually lowers the temperature of materials that are a source of fire. Sand and clay form a layer that prevents fire from spreading.

The disadvantages of this mixture include the fact that this mixture cannot be used for extinguishing fires, the source of which is oil products. Everyone knows that if a drop of water falls on a frying pan with hot oil, the oil will splash and there is a risk of damage to the skin of the service personnel. To prevent such an effect, saline solutions of water are used when extinguishing petroleum products. However, they are ineffective in such fires. A positive result in extinguishing fires is achieved if ammonium salt (2) is added to the mixture. However, the addition of ammonium salts significantly increases the cost of fire extinguishing agents. For example, the weight of 1 kg of iron-ammonium salts costs more than UAH 200.

The task of the proposed useful model is to create a mixture, which is a cheap mineral-water mixture with ammonium salts, capable of extinguishing oil refining products on an open surface.

The task is solved by the fact that the mineral-water mixture for extinguishing fires on an open surface, which contains sand and clay, according to a useful model, for the inactivation of oil processing products, an aqueous extract of clay is additionally introduced, with the following ratio of components, mass. for: sand 19-20 clay 1-2 water extract of clay 78-79.

Conducted experiments on the detection of ammonium salts in natural substances, which ensure the effectiveness of the mixture on an industrial scale, were found in clay. It turned out that the water extract of clay, obtained at elevated temperatures, contains a sufficient amount of ammonium salts. Tests of aqueous clay extract were conducted to study its effects

For burning oil products.

White spirit was taken as an experimental product.

1 ml of white spirit was poured into a metal container with a diameter of 100 mm and a side height of 35 mm.

Then, first 10 ml of aqueous clay extract was added to the surface of the white spirit using a syringe. A lighted stick was brought to the center of the container. In this case, a flame appeared above the surface of the liquid. When 25 mm of aqueous extract of clay was added to 1 ml of white spirit, no flame appeared, even when the wood was raised 1-2 mm from the surface of the liquid.

The conducted experiments confirm the fact that the interaction of ammonium compounds of clay with molecules of white spirit creates complexes that do not burn when the flame of the wood is applied to the surface of the mixture.

In connection with the obtained results, the composition of the mixture, which can extinguish on an open surface, looks like this (in mass. Us): 5-20 sand, 1-5 clay, the rest is an aqueous extract of clay. Aqueous extract of clay is made as follows. 1 kg of clay is taken, to which 3 kg of drinking water is added. Boil the mixture for 5-6 minutes. After settling, the aqueous extract is separated from the clay. The shelf life of the extract is three months. The mineral-water mixture is made as follows.

Mix 20 parts by weight of sand with 1-2 parts by weight of clay. 78-79 parts by weight of aqueous clay extract are added to the mixture.

Sources of information: 1. Patent of the Russian Federation Mo 2098158 dated 10.12.1997 2. Patent of the Russian Federation Mo 226268 dated 20.10.2005

Claims (1)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA Mineral-water mixture for extinguishing fires on an open surface, which contains sand and clay, which is characterized by the fact that for the inactivation of oil processing products, an aqueous extract of clay is additionally introduced, with the following ratio of components, by weight. 9o: sand 19-20 clay 1-2 water extract of clay 78-79.