UA127626C2 - HIGH ENERGY IGNITION SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

The high-energy ignition system belongs to impulse technology, in particular to the devices for adjusting the parameters of the spark discharge in electronic high-energy ignition systems on an alternating current of increased frequency, and can be used for internal combustion engines with a high degree of compression of a lean fuel mixture, for example, gas, on vehicles and stationary power plants with any series ignition coils. The task of the invention: improvement of the known system and creation of a high-energy ignition system on an alternating current of increased frequency for wide application, adapted to ordinary modern short-circuits and candles, the energy of which does not need to be forcibly limited, simple and relatively cheap. For this, according to the invention, traditional separate ignition coils and candles are used in the system, and additional N capacitors are introduced into it, which form, together with the primary windings of the ignition coils, sequential high-frequency oscillating circuits, as well as additional power electronic components and a generator of series duration signals ignition pulses.

Description

internal combustion with a high compression ratio of a lean fuel mixture, such as gas, on vehicles and stationary power plants with any series ignition coils.

The task of the invention: improvement of the known system and creation of a high-energy ignition system on an alternating current of increased frequency for wide application, adapted to the usual modern short circuits and candles, the energy of which does not need to be forcibly limited, simple and relatively cheap.

For this, according to the invention, traditional separate ignition coils and candles are used in the system, and M capacitors are additionally introduced into it, which form, together with the primary windings of the ignition coils, sequential high-frequency oscillating circuits, as well as additional power electronic components and a generator of series duration signals ignition pulses. ron I still pkoyuktsovavvaovoosoo! dey Z skklkk pak i

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The invention belongs to impulse technology, in particular to devices for adjusting spark discharge parameters in electronic ignition systems of high energy on alternating current of increased frequency, and can be used for internal combustion engines (ICE) with a high degree of compression of a lean fuel mixture, for example, gas on transport

B means and stationary power plants with any serial ignition coils (KZ).

The well-known radio frequency ignition system, which is described in the RF patent Mo 2456472 "Optimization of spark generation of radio frequency ignition" ("Optimization of spark generation of radio frequency ignition") in the form of single-channel examples of the "radio frequency plasma generation" device and the method of "controlling the radio frequency plasma generator" is considered by the author as an analogue of the system being applied for.

The device contains: a step-up pulse converter (3) of the on-board voltage of direct current into an increased (up to 1000 V) direct current (PPPP), called "intermediate" (Mipie!), a switching field-effect transistor (K), which is controlled by M2 signals coming from module 20 control; step-up (by 5-6 times) converter 5 of constant intermediate voltage to variable (Ma) radio frequency (PPPR), which includes: a resonant parallel IC circuit 62 and a switch on a field-effect transistor 9 controlled by radio frequencies (4-6 MHz) control signals M1 supplied to the gate of the transistor 9 from the control signal generator 8 (GSU) through the amplifier (or driver) 10; resonator b for generating plasma between its output electrodes 103-106, which is, in fact, a radio frequency multi-spark coil-spark plug, the electrical model of which is a classic resonant series VI C circuit with a gain of more than 40.

The purpose of these methods and devices for controlling a radio frequency plasma generator is to prevent the formation of "bridges" in the process of plasma generation. The formation of a "bridge" is the phenomenon of the concentration of a spark discharge between the electrodes of the candle in the form of a single cord instead of the formation of a series of sparks in the form of a multi-cord discharge, that is, a sequence of individual radio frequency multipolar discharges with a repetition period of about 0.1 μs. The formation of "bridges" during a discharge in the spark plug occurs due to excessive frequencies of a series of radio frequency pulses of a certain energy and corresponding level transmitted between the electrodes of the candle

From the concentration of plasma current carriers (ions and electrons), in which these carriers do not have time to recombine in the time interval between adjacent multipolar pulses, and instead of a branched series of large-volume discharges (and, accordingly, a large area of contact of the plasma with the fuel mixture), in which each the discharge follows its separate trajectories, the discharges of the series are concentrated in the form of a single cord ("bridge") of small volume, which significantly reduces the ignition efficiency of the fuel mixture, especially a lean one.

Control module 20 by measuring signals 21 that characterize in real time the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine (pressure, temperature, angles, etc.) and signals 22 that characterize the quality of spark formation (the presence or absence of "bridges", that is, the volume of spawn and the amount of transmitted energy ), comparing them with normalized tabular data 25 entered in the memory module 26, depending on the results of the comparison, adjusts the frequency and configuration of these signals using the M2 signal generator 27 in real time. At the same time, in order to prevent the formation of "bridges", the energy transfer between the electrodes of the candle is limited by either reducing the intermediate voltage Mipieg using the appropriate modification of the control signals M2, or by reducing the amplitude of the alternating radio frequency voltage Ma by shifting the frequency of the control signals MI relative to the resonant one, or simultaneously modifying MI and M2 signals. For the same purpose, by modifying the duration of the MI signals, either a series of radio frequency pulses Ma at the input of the resonator 6 (i.e., spark plug coils) is limited in time to one for each ignition cycle, or several (from 2 to 50) series with a duration of 5 μs to 10 μs pulses per cycle and increase the intervals between bursts.

Disadvantages of the known analog system are: limited scope of application due to the fact that the system is not compatible with generally accepted short circuits and spark plugs; limited energy of spark formation (no more than 300 mJ) due to the formation of "bridges"; the complexity of the ignition system and its control algorithm, which is due to the fact that it is impossible to simply reduce the frequency of pulses in series to prevent the formation of "bridges" due to the rigid connection to the radio frequency multi-spark coil-candle, and therefore it is necessary to limit the energy of spark formation by reducing intermediate voltage or deviation from the resonant frequency, reducing the duration of the series, forming several shortened series of pulses for one ignition cycle and increasing the intervals between them.

Also known is the radio frequency ignition system described in RF patent Mo 2474723 "Radiofrequency device for generating plasma" ("Wireless device for generating plasma") in the form of "radio frequency device for generating plasma" and the method of "controlling the device for generating plasma". This solution is chosen as a prototype of the claimed invention, as the closest in technical essence. All functional nodes and their interaction in the prototype device are described in detail in the above-mentioned analog patent RF Mo 2456472 in the form of an example of the implementation of a single-channel radio frequency ignition system, and the numbering of individual elements of the functional circuits in fig. 1 of both patents - the only one.

The device (A) according to the prototype contains: PSHTP (3), PPPR (5) and M (where M is the number of control channels or internal combustion engine cylinders) ignition blocks (9), each of which contains a spark plug (4) and a power element ( 7) ignition control (EUZ) or switch (7), installed between the spark plug power contact (4) and the PPPR output (5). Each of the switches (7) connects the PPPR output (5) with the spark plug (4) when alternately receiving command signals (M1-UM) from the electronic control unit (C). Each of the switches (7) is a radio frequency field effect transistor (9), and command signals (MI-UM) are applied to their gates through amplifiers (10) or drivers (10). The computer (OS) contains means (M) of measuring the change in time of the output voltage

PPP (3). The device (A) also contains means of changing the voltage and/or frequency of the electric current supplied to the specified power supply contacts of the candles depending on the values measured by the specified measuring means. The ECU also contains an input interface for receiving signals from the on-board sensor of the moments of spark formation (DMI), a frequency generator (8) or a generator (8) of control signals (GSU) with pulses in series, as well as functional nodes for generating control signals for the duration of ignition pulse series (FST). and selection of command signals (SCS) for alternate distribution over M channels formed in the form of separate series of command signals (M1-UM). The SCS, in fact, performs the function of a counter-divider on M with further conjunction in each channel of the output signals of the actual counter-divider,

FSTIi GSU.

The well-known method of controlling the plasma generation device, described in the same place, consists in applying an electric current to the supply contact of the spark plug, then measuring the values characterizing the change in time of the output voltage of the PGTGSH (3), comparing these measured

From the value with theoretical values pre-recorded in the memory and change the supply voltage applied to the spark plug contact, depending on the specified deviation between these measured values and pre-recorded theoretical values.

In particular, the OS ECU reads the voltage at the PPPP output (3) at the beginning of switching on the switch (7), that is, at the moment when the M1 signal is transmitted to the control input of the switch (7). This is a reading of the meaning of Huaerbii ai! (x), which characterizes the output voltage of the PPPP (3), is performed at the beginning of the supply of power to the candle from the generator. The value of Uayebii ai| (x) write to memory

ECU.

The meaning of Miip ai! (xu), which characterizes the output voltage of the PPPP Z shortly before the power supply to the candle is cut off, is read and written into the memory of the OS ECU. After recording in the memory the voltage values of Mayersha ai! (x) and Miip and (x) for each candle of serial number "x" calculate the value that characterizes the change in time of the voltage at the output of PPPP 3, i.e. - characterizes the supply voltage of each candle of serial number "x". Tracking these deviations Miyip ai! (x) from huaershi ai! C) allows you to determine the state of the candle and, in particular, the level of energy transfer. The voltage drop rate is always greater for a new spark plug compared to a worn spark plug. According to the proposed control of the condition of the candles, the supply voltage of the candle is changed in such a way as to improve its operation. In this case, it is possible to increase the set nominal voltage of the generator as the spark plug wears out/contaminates, that is, as the degree of energy transmission by this spark plug decreases.

The method and prototype device are characterized by such positive properties as: sufficient power and efficiency of the spark discharge; ensuring satisfactory completeness of combustion of the fuel-air mixture, exhaust toxicity and engine thermal stress, duration of engine start-up time; extended service life of spark plugs; providing reliable address information about the need to replace spark plugs due to their wear or contamination.

The disadvantages of the known method and prototype device are: - limited energy of spark formation (no more than 300 mJ) due to the formation of "bridges", which complicates the cold start of internal combustion engines that operate on low-calorie or gaseous fuels and, moreover, on lean fuel mixtures; the complexity of the ignition system and its control algorithm, which is due to the fact that it is simply impossible to reduce the frequency of pulses in series (to the level of guaranteed recombination of current carriers in the plasma in the interval between adjacent pulses) under the conditions of the allowable dimensions of the radio frequency multi-spark coil-candle ( which significantly increase when the resonant frequency is reduced), and therefore, in this system, the control algorithm involves numerous manipulations in order to limit the transmitted energy of spark formation by influencing the intermediate voltage or by shifting from the resonant frequencies, adjusting the duration of the series, forming several shortened series of pulses per ignition cycle and adjusting the intervals between them; the high cost of the system, especially multi-channel, which is associated with the oversaturation of the ECU with means of measurement, information storage and control, increased by the cost of radio-frequency field effect transistors (compared to ordinary MOB5EET) and radio-frequency drivers, increased by the cost of radio-frequency coils-candles; limited field of application due to the fact that the prototype system is not compatible with modern conventional and widespread short-circuits and spark plugs, and their replacement with radio-frequency coils-spark plugs is not always possible due to the design features of modern internal combustion engines, and is not always economically justified, since in most cases the usual regular replacement of traditional and tested candles is cheaper than intervention in the design of a modern

ICE, after which, moreover, the consumer cannot count on fulfillment of warranty obligations by the ICE manufacturer.

The basis of the invention is the task of improving the well-known radio frequency device for plasma generation and creating a simple and cheap high-energy ignition system using an alternating current of increased frequency, adapted to ordinary modern short-circuits and candles, the energy of which is not forcibly limited.

The task is solved due to the fact that in a known radio frequency device for plasma generation, which contains a source of on-board power supply voltage (BDS), M coil-spark plug (KZ) and an ECU, which includes: a step-up impulse converter of on-board voltage direct current to increased constant (PPPP), the so-called "intermediate" PPPP (4), input interface for receiving DMI DVZ signals, control signal generator (FSU) of the ECU based on the signals of the on-board DMI, FST, GSU (8), SKS, M drivers and M EUZ, and in which the outputs of SKS MiI-

MM are connected to the driver inputs of the same name, respectively, the driver outputs are connected to the EUZ control inputs, respectively, the EUZ power inputs are connected in parallel and connected to the PPPP output (4), on the one hand, and to the negative output of the BDZ, on the other another, the outputs of the EUZ form

M output terminals of the ECU connected to the primary windings of the same short circuits, to the secondary windings of which the electrodes of M spark plugs are connected, respectively, according to the proposed invention, additional M capacitors are introduced, traditional short circuits and candles are used in the device, all drivers have direct and inverse outputs, the GSU is equipped with a switch-on control input, all ESUs are made in the form of a half-bridge voltage inverter, the control inputs of the upper and lower keys of each inverter are connected to the direct and inverse outputs of the driver, respectively, capacitors are included between the ESU outputs of the same name and the output terminals

ECU, and form successive oscillating circuits together with the primary windings of the short circuit; The FSU generates signals of zero reference (NV) and angular pulses (CI) based on the signals of the input interface, and

The SCS is equipped with count (C), reset (P) and modulation (M) inputs, while the HV and CI signals are directly supplied to the SCS inputs B and C, respectively, and the CI signals are also supplied to the SCS M input through successive FSTs and GSUs; and the FST contains, connected in series between its input for CI and the output: sample signal generator (FSV), reset signal generator (FSS) of the sawtooth voltage generator (GPN), GPN, sample-storage device (PVZ - information input), voltage divider (DN), and a comparator (direct input), the inverse input of which is connected to the output of the GPN, and the control input of the PVZ for the sampling command is connected to the output of the FSV.

In Fig. 1 shows the functional diagram of the device.

In Fig. 2 - functional scheme of the FST and diagrams explaining its operation, where:

A - sample command signal for PVZ,

B - GPN reset signal,

B is the GPN signal,

G is the sampling-storage voltage,

D is the voltage at the DN output,

E - FST signal.

The device contains: BDZ 1, ECU 2, input interface Z for receiving DMI DVZ signals, PPPP 4 FSU 5, FS 6, GSU 7, SKS 8, drivers 9-10, EUZ or half-bridge inverters 11-12, first capacitor 13, M th capacitor 14, first output pin 15 ECU 2, Mth output pin 16

ECU 2, first short-circuit 17, M-th short-circuit 18, first spark plug 19, M-th spark plug 20.

The positive terminal of the BDZ 1 is connected to the positive terminals of the power supply located in

ECU 2 inverters 11-12. The negative terminal of the BDS 1 is connected to the negative terminals of the power supply of the inverters 11-12 and the second terminals of the short circuit 17-18, as well as the spark plugs 19-20. Interface C is connected via serial FSU 5 (output 2 for CI signals), FST 6, GSU 7 with input 2 of modulation (M) of SKS 8. Output 2 of FSU 5 is also connected to input C of clocking (c) of SKS 8. Output 1 of FSU 5 (for LV signals) is connected to reset input 1 (A) of SKS 8. The first of M outputs of SKS 8 is connected to the control input of driver 9, the first direct and second inverse outputs of which are connected to the control inputs of the same name of the inverter 11, respectively. The capacitor 13 is connected between the output of the inverter 11 and the output terminal 15 of the first channel of the ECU 2. The primary winding of the first short circuit 17 is connected to the terminal 15 of the ECU 2, to the secondary winding of which the first spark plug 19 is connected.

The rest of the M-1 channels of the system are formed similarly, including the M SCS output 8 connected to the control input of the driver 10, the first direct and second inverse outputs of which are connected to the control inputs of the inverter 12 of the same name, respectively. The capacitor 14 is connected between the output of the inverter 12 and the output terminal 16 of the M-th channel of the ECU 2. The primary winding of the M-th short circuit 18 is connected to the terminal 16 of the ECU 2, to the secondary winding of which the M-th spark plug 20 is connected.

The FST contains connected in series between its input for CI and the output: FSV 1, FSS 2, GPN 3,

PVZ 4 (information input), DN 5, and comparator 6 (direct input), the inverse input of which is connected to the output of GPN 3, and the input of PVZ 4 for the sample signal is connected to the output of FSV 1.

During the operation of the system (Fig. 1), FSU 5 controls the operation of SCS 8, affecting its counter-divider on M through the control inputs B 1 and C Z directly, and on the output logic circuit - through the input M 2 with the help of FST 6 and GSU 7. The counter-divider alternately generates "1" signals in each channel, synchronized by CI and phased to the first cylinder of the internal combustion engine with the help of HV signals. The FST b forms synchronized CI signals of the duration of a series of pulses in each ignition cycle, during which the GSU 7 operates at an increased frequency.

The logic at the output of each channel of SCS 8 performs the conjunction of the output signals of the actual counter-divider and GSU 7, as a result of which a series of signals of increased frequency control of drivers 9-Y are formed in turn at the outputs of SCS 8. The frequency is set using GSU 7 equal to the resonant frequency of the oscillating circuits formed by the capacitors

From 13-14 and short circuits 17-18, respectively, which are alternately fed by AC voltage from inverters 11-12, respectively. In spark plugs 17-18, powerful long multi-cord electric discharges of alternating current of increased frequency are generated in turn without the formation of "bridges".

The energy transmitted by the candles is limited only by the permissible short-circuit thermal regimes.

During the operation of FST 6 (Fig. 2), FSW 1 on the front edges of the CI forms short signals A of sampling for PVZ 4, and FSS 2, on the rear edges of signals A - short signals B of resetting the GPN 3.

GPN Z forms a linear saw-tooth voltage with a rising front B. At low rotation frequencies of the crankshaft (KV) of the internal combustion engine (Y), the rising front turns into a horizontal section with a constant amplitude (saturation) at the output of PVZ 4 G, and at the output of DN 5 there is also a constant voltage of a constant value D, which does not depend on the frequency. The duration of signals Е of the task of the duration of a series of ignition pulses at the output of the comparator b is maximal and unchanged (H, 12). As the frequency of rotation of KV DVZ increases to the idling value, the saturation section shortens, and starting from moment 2, the voltages H at the output of PVZ 4 and D at the output of DN 5 begin to decrease inversely proportional to the frequency. Accordingly, the duration of signals E at the output of comparator 6 (IZ, 14) is shortened. In this way, the duration of the series of ignition pulses is optimally adjusted, that is, by time at the rotation frequencies

HF DVZ is lower than the idling value and by the angle of rotation KV DVZ at frequencies close to this value and higher.

The implementation of the proposed invention allows to obtain a technical result, which consists of the following: increase in the energy of spark formation; simplification of the ignition system and its management algorithm; reducing the cost of the system, especially multi-channel; expanding the scope of application.

When studying the patent and technical literature, the authors did not find a source containing features distinguishing the claimed solution. This allows it to be considered a relevant criterion of "novelty". Despite the relevance of the problem, a similar solution with the specified result has not been proposed before, and it is not obvious to a specialist, which allows it to be considered the appropriate criterion of "inventive level". The described device is technically complete, made on a known element base and can be manufactured by an industrial 60 method.

Claims (1)

FORMULA OF THE INVENTION A high-energy ignition system containing an on-board power supply voltage source, an M coil-spark plug and an electronic control unit, which includes: a step-up impulse converter of constant voltage to constant voltage, an input interface for receiving signals from an internal combustion engine spark moment sensor, a shaper control signals of the electronic control unit based on the signals of the on-board spark moment sensor, generator of ignition pulse duration signals, control signal generator, selector of command signals with inputs of count (C), reset (PH) and modulation (M), M drivers and M power control elements ignition, and in which the outputs of the command signal selector are connected to the driver inputs of the same name, respectively, the driver outputs are connected to the control inputs of the ignition control power elements, respectively, the power supply inputs of the ignition control power elements are connected in parallel and are connected to the output of the boosting pulse constant voltage to constant converter on the one hand, and with the negative terminal of the on-board power supply voltage source - on the other, the outputs of the ignition control power elements form M output terminals of the electronic control unit, connected to the primary windings of the ignition coils of the same name, to the secondary windings of which the electrodes are connected M spark plugs, respectively, which is distinguished by the fact that additional M capacitors, separate ignition coils and spark plugs are introduced into it, all drivers have direct and inverse outputs, the control signal generator is equipped with a power-on control input, all ignition control power elements are made in the form of half-bridge inverters voltage, the control inputs of the upper and lower keys of each inverter are connected to the driver outputs direct and inverse, respectively, capacitors are included between the outputs of the same name of the power elements of the ignition control and the output terminals of the electronic control unit, and together with the primary windings of the ignition coils, they form successive oscillating circuits; the generator of control signals based on the signals of the input interface generates signals of zero count and corner pulses, and the selector of command signals is equipped with inputs of count, reset and Zo modulation, while the signals of zero count and corner pulses are received directly at the inputs of reset and count of the selector of command signals, respectively, and angular pulse signals also enter the modulation input of the selector of command signals through a serial signal generator of the duration of a series of ignition pulses and a generator of control signals; and the shaper of signals of the duration of a series of ignition pulses contains connected in series between its input for corner pulse signals and the output: shaper of sampling signals, shaper of reset signals of the sawtooth voltage generator, sawtooth voltage generator, sample-storage device (information input), voltage divider and direct the comparator input, the inverting input of which is connected to the output of the sawtooth voltage generator, and the input of the sample-storage device for the sample command is connected to the output of the sample waveform generator. mouth with and B - And I B gr with ! I | you and I 45 and and 13 MB 47 - and ! 12 1 and r: | is: And I : I with and | M I and KZ I ZY shk I, and I ts Yake I | BO KI ri d dO dv i ; And And | eh! And about | : ' in! And oddosheoshioshtopio ku tyu slya pnia have me as I zov nnzhvnh nnh nyu se Fig. 1 x ID gu 1. run away. HELL WATER, ! call vv ovvd ne |" nnnfesnh, znyu znkohoy zah fo" o zho zvo b" eD i E і і Fig. 2