UA127235C2 - VISCOSIMETER FOR MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL LIQUIDS - Google Patents

Abstract

The viscometer for medical-biological liquids contains two identical capillaries, at the entrance of which containers are installed, respectively, for reference and test liquid, and the capillary exits are connected through measuring tubes to a tap, made with the possibility of alternately connecting the capillaries to the channel in which rarefaction is created. In order to expand the range of measurements of the viscosity of medical and biological fluids and increase the accuracy of measurements, two air jets are additionally installed in the viscometer, one of which is placed in series with the capillary for the reference liquid in front of the faucet, and the other is in the channel in which rarefaction is created.

Description

The invention relates to medical and biological physics, namely means of determining the rheological characteristics of liquid medical and biological materials.

There are well-known devices for measuring the viscosity of liquids, namely capillary viscometers, the principle of which is based on measuring the flow time of a certain amount of liquid through a capillary under the influence of a pressure drop. These are, for example, the well-known Ostwald and Ubbelode viscometers (11.

A general disadvantage of known viscometers is a narrow range of liquid viscosity measurements, since the diameter of the capillaries is selected for a certain range of values of viscosity coefficients. In principle, variable capillaries can be used to expand the measurement range, but this way of solving the technical problem is suboptimal due to the significant complication of the device design.

A well-known viscometer for medical and biological liquid materials, which contains two identical capillaries, at the entrance of which containers are installed, respectively, for the reference and test liquids, and the outlets of the capillaries are connected through the measuring tubes to a tap, made with the possibility of alternately connecting the capillaries to the channel, in which create rarefaction (21. This device is used to measure the relative viscosity of medical and biological fluids, such as blood, urine, lymph, etc. We chose this viscometer as a prototype.

The disadvantage of the well-known viscometer |21, as well as analogs, is a narrow range of viscosity measurements.

In addition, it should be taken into account that the viscosity of medical and biological fluids can vary widely over time (in particular, their thickening) as a result of biochemical processes occurring in them.

The task of the invention is to create a viscometer for medical-biological fluids, which would provide for the expansion of the viscometer's functional capabilities, namely the expansion of the range of measurements of the viscosity coefficients of medical-biological fluids. The task is solved by implementing a mixed air-liquid mechanism for regulating the movement of liquid in the viscometer using air flow resistance elements (air jets).

To solve the given technical problem, the viscometer contains two identical capillaries, at the entrance of which containers are installed, respectively, for the reference and test liquids, and the capillary outlets are connected through the measuring tubes to a tap, made with the possibility of alternately connecting the capillaries to the channel in which rarefaction is created, respectively before the invention that

It is stated that two air jets are additionally installed in the viscometer, one of which is placed in series with the capillary for the reference liquid in front of the tap, and the other is in the channel in which rarefaction is created.

An additional task of the invention is to increase the accuracy of measurements in cases where the viscosities of the reference and test liquids differ significantly. The task is solved by changing the resistance in the channel in which rarefaction is created. For this purpose, the air nozzle placed in the channel in which vacuum is created is made with the possibility of adjusting the air flow through it.

Another additional task of the invention is to create the possibility of using the device for express analysis of medical and biological fluids, the viscosity of which varies widely. For this, the air nozzle placed in front of the faucet is installed using a detachable connection.

The proposed design of the viscometer for medical and biological fluids is presented in a schematic form in the drawing. The viscometer contains two identical capillaries "air: and agar", at the entrance of which containers 1 and 2 are installed for reference and test liquids, respectively. The outputs of capillaries aib: and agrog through measuring tubes C and 4, with scales applied to them, are connected to faucet 5. Faucet 5 is made with the possibility of alternate connection of capillaries air: and azh" with channel 6, which is designed to create rarefaction. An air nozzle 7 is installed between the measuring tube C and the faucet 5 (using a detachable connection). In channel 6 (after the faucet 5), a second air nozzle 8 is installed, made with the possibility of adjusting the air flow through it (for example, a needle nozzle).

Measurement of the viscosity of medical and biological fluids using the developed viscometer is carried out as follows. Containers 1 and 2 are filled with reference and test liquid, respectively. When the tap 5 is closed, a vacuum is created in the channel 6, for example with the help of a pear or a pump. Fill the capillaries a:ibi and agro and the measuring tubes up to the "0" marks with reference and test liquids, respectively, for which tap 5 is opened alternately, connecting the measuring tubes 3 and 4 with channel 6. Then, with the help of the tap 5, simultaneously connect the measuring tubes C and 4 with channel 6. At the moment when the reference liquid reaches the "1" mark on the measuring tube 3, tap 5 is closed. The position reached by the test liquid while the tap was open is noted in the measuring tube 4. The relative viscosity of the object is determined by this position.

In the proposed viscometer, the flow rate of liquids through capillaries is determined both by the pressure difference and by the resistance to air flow created by nozzles 7 and 8. By adjusting the nozzle 8, the flow rate of liquids can be varied within wide limits.

The air nozzle 7 provides both an expansion of the range of viscosity measurements and an increase in the accuracy of determining this characteristic in the case when there is a large difference between the viscosity of the reference and test liquids. Jet 7 is pre-calibrated. For convenience, the nozzle 7 has a removable connection with the tube 3.

Due to the fact that the proposed device implements a mixed air-liquid mechanism for regulating the movement of liquid in the viscometer with the help of air flow resistance elements (air jets), the set task is solved, namely the expansion of the range of measurements of the viscosity of medical and biological liquids, the improvement of the accuracy of measurements and the creation of the possibility of using the device for express analysis with a significant change in the viscosity of the liquid under study.

Sources of information: 1 MmaiKip AiIehapdeg Ma. ANeoiodu: sopseribv teipoa5, apa arriisayop5 /AIekhapadeg Ma. Mike Kipp,

Amgaat I. Izauem-Z ha ediiop /SpetTesRibiivNipa, Togopio, 2017. - 287 2 Remizov A.N. Medical and biological physics: Textbook. for universities / A.N. Remizov, A.G.

Maksyna, A.Ya. Potapenko - 4th ed., revised. And in addition - M.: Drofa, 2003. - 560 p.: ill., - 119 p.

Claims (3)

FORMULA OF THE INVENTION 1. A viscometer for medical and biological liquids, which contains two identical capillaries, at the entrance of which containers are installed, respectively, for the reference and test liquid, and the capillary outlets are connected through measuring tubes to a tap, made with the possibility of alternately connecting the capillaries to the channel, in which create rarefaction, which differs in that the viscometer is additionally equipped with two air jets, one of which is placed in series with the capillary for the reference liquid in front of the tap, and the second - in the channel in which rarefaction is created. 2. A viscometer for medical and biological fluids according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the air nozzle, placed in the channel in which rarefaction is created, is made with the possibility of adjusting the flow of air through it. 3. Viscometer for medical and biological fluids according to claim 1, which differs in that the nozzle placed in front of the faucet is installed using a detachable connection. ;7 and he n i . , z5 z aa o i ZHI sr a x ! ze. ' nin Kha y chi : Z sche "z ! r 4 z 2 1 09 y 1 | pnia ! 2 B: Z fo Sho o 4 ovin Z E nn yinya Shchy y z U, aalallnnaavnavnyan ooo ee y