UA126503C2 - Axial plunger hydraulic machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The axial-plunger hydraulic machine contains a housing in which a cylinder block is mounted on a shaft, in the bore of which plungers with shoes are located. At the same time, one support section of the main elastic element presses the shoes against the inclined washer through a spherical sleeve with a cut spherical surface, and its second support section presses the cylinder block against the distributor. At the same time, one support section of at least one additional elastic element interacts with the shaft, and its second support section interacts with the cylinder block and also presses it against the distributor. To increase the accuracy of pressing the cylinder block to the distributor, one support portion of the at least one additional elastic element interacting with the shaft is located on the side of the cut spherical surface of the spherical sleeve, and its second support portion interacts with the cylinder block through at least one transmission element that passes through at least one axial through channel made in the spherical sleeve.

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering, in particular multi-cylinder axial-piston hydraulic machines.

An axial-plunger hydraulic machine is known, which contains a body in which a cylinder block is mounted on a shaft, in the bores of which plungers with shoes are located, while one supporting section of the main elastic element through a spherical sleeve, on which a cut spherical surface is made, presses the shoes against the inclined washer , and its second support section - the cylinder block to the distributor, while one support section of at least one additional elastic element interacts with the shaft, and its second support section - with the cylinder block and also presses it to the distributor (1).

In the well-known axial-plunger hydraulic machine, an additional elastic element is located in the central bore of the cylinder block, which does not allow locating the bores of the cylinder block (the plungers are installed in them) at an angle to the shaft axis. Therefore, when rotating the cylinder block, the plungers will not additionally press the shoes to the inclined washer from the action of centrifugal force on them and these shoes. This increases the necessary pressure force of the main elastic element of the shoes to the inclined washer, which, in turn, reduces the accuracy of the pressure of the friction pair, as a result, the reliability and durability of the well-known hydraulic machine is reduced.

An axial-plunger hydraulic machine is also known, containing a body in which a cylinder block is installed on the shaft, in the bores of which plungers with shoes are located, while one supporting section of the main elastic element through a spherical sleeve, on which a cut spherical surface is made, presses the shoes to an inclined washers, and its second support section - the cylinder block to the distributor, while one support section of at least one additional elastic element interacts with the shaft, and its second support section - with the cylinder block and also presses it to the distributor (2).

In the known axial-plunger hydraulic machine, an additional elastic element is located between the end of the hub of the cylinder block and the end of the central bore of the spherical sleeve, which causes the reduced axial length of this additional elastic element. As a result, the stiffness of the additional elastic element increases, which, in turn, reduces the accuracy of pressing the cylinder block to the distributor. This reduces the reliability and durability of the well-known axial-plunger hydraulic machine.

The basis of the invention is the task of creating an axial-plunger hydraulic machine, in which the accuracy of the pressure of the cylinder block to the distributor increases.

The task is solved by the fact that an axial-plunger hydraulic machine containing a body in which a cylinder block is installed on the shaft, in the bores of which there are plungers with shoes, while one support section of the main elastic element through a spherical sleeve, on which a cut spherical surface is made, presses the shoes to the inclined washer, and its second supporting part - the cylinder block to the distributor, while one supporting part of at least one additional elastic element interacts with the shaft, and its second supporting part - with the cylinder block and also presses it against the distributor, according to the invention , one support section of at least one additional elastic element that interacts with the shaft is located on the side of the truncated spherical surface of the spherical sleeve, and its second support section interacts with the cylinder block through at least one transmission element that passes through at least one axial through channel made in spherical sleeve.

Due to the location of one support section of at least one additional elastic element that interacts with the shaft, on the side of the truncated spherical surface of the spherical sleeve and the interaction of its second support section with the cylinder block through at least one transmission element that passes through at least one axial through channel made in a spherical bushing, allows, other things being equal, to use at least one additional elastic element of a longer axial length with a less rigid characteristic, as a result of which the accuracy of pressing the cylinder block to the distributor increases.

In fig. 1 shows an axial-plunger hydraulic machine, longitudinal section; in fig. 2 - appearance

And in fig. 1; in fig. C - section B-B in fig. 2, on a larger scale; in fig. 4 - elastic knot, on a larger scale; in fig. From fig. 6- options for performing an elastic node, on an enlarged scale; in fig. 7 - section B-B in fig. 4, on a larger scale; in fig. 8 - section Г - Г in fig. 3, on a larger scale; in fig. 9 - section D-D in fig. 6, on a larger scale.

The axial-plunger hydraulic machine contains a body 1 rigidly connected to the cover 2, in which a shaft 5 is installed on the front bearing C and the rear bearing 4 located in the cover 2. The shaft C is connected by splines to the cylinder block b, in inclined bores 7 of which the plunger 8 with the shoes 9 are located. One support section of the main elastic element 10 through the spherical sleeve 11 and at least one separator 12 presses the shoes 9 to the inclined washer 13, and the second support section of this main elastic element 10 interacts with the cylinder block b and presses it to the distributor 14. The main elastic element 10 can be located, for example, on the hub 15 of the E cylinder block (see Fig. 3). The main elastic element 10 can be made in the form of a truncated cone. At the same time, the main elastic element 10 can be made in the form of one spring or a set of springs. The main elastic element 10 can be made in the form of a set of disc springs located on the hub 13 of the cylinder block 6 (not shown in the drawing). The main elastic element 10 can also be made in the form of at least one wave spring (not shown in the drawing). At the same time, the main elastic element 10, which is located on the hub 15 of the cylinder block 6, can interact with the end of the cylinder block b through the support plate, the outer diameter of which is equal to (or slightly different from) the outer diameter of the cylinder block 6 (not shown in the drawing). The main elastic element 10 can also be located on the side of the distributor 14 and placed between the central bore of the cylinder block 6 and the conical section of the shaft 5, while one support section of the main elastic element 10 through the rods that pass through the splined connection of the shaft 5 with the cylinder block 6, interacts with the shoes 9 and presses them to the inclined washer 13, and the second support section of this main elastic element 10, which faces the distributor 14, through the locking ring (the locking ring is installed in the annular boring made in the central boring of the cylinder block) interacts with the cylinder block b and presses it to the distributor 14 (not shown in the drawing). Shoes 9 are located in the separator 12 and form a shoe assembly.

The shoe unit is provided with a limiter of the movement of the shoes 9 relative to the separator 12. The limiter of the movement of the shoes 9 relative to the separator 12 can be made in the form of at least one support plate 16, which is rigidly fixed through at least one distance half-ring 17 to the inclined washer 13 with the help of bolts 18 (see Fig. 2 and Fig. 3). At least one support end 19 of at least one support plate 16 is located with the possibility of interaction with the end 20 of the separator 12, which faces the side opposite to the inclined washer 13. Between the support end 19 of the support plate 16 and the end 20 of the separator 12 there should be a minimum gap (its value is 0.01 mm). The support plate 16 can be made in the form of a ring (not shown in the drawing). At least one support plate 16 and spacer half-ring 17 can be made from one part (on

Not shown in the drawing). The limiter of the movement of the shoes 9 relative to the separator 12 can be made in the form of ring borings, which are made, respectively, on the outer surfaces of the shoes 9 and form supporting ends, between which the opposite ends of the separator 12 are located with the possibility of interaction with them (not shown in the drawing). The limiter of movement of the shoes 9 relative to the separator 12 can also be made in the form of two separators 12, between which there are distance sleeves, and these two separators 12 are rigidly fixed to each other with the help of rivets (not shown in the drawing). The shoe assembly can also be provided with a relief element made in the form of a truncated cone, while the supporting part of a smaller diameter of the relief element interacts with the spherical surface of the spherical sleeve 11, and the supporting part of a larger diameter interacts with the part of the end face 20 of the separator 12, which faces the cylinder block 6 and is located on the side of the outer surface of the separator 12 (not shown in the drawing). In the body 1 of the hydraulic machine there is an elastic assembly, which contains an additional elastic element 21 (it is located on the cylindrical section of the shaft 5), an additional elastic element 22 (it is made in the form of a cone and is located on the conical section of the shaft 5) and at least one rigid transmission element (it transmits the compression force of the additional elastic element 21 and the additional elastic element 22 to the cylinder block b), which can be made in the form of transmission rods 23. The spherical bushing 11 has an end 24 and an end opposite to it (not marked), as well as a cut spherical surface ( not marked). Additional springs 21 and 22 can be made, respectively, in the form of a single spring or in the form of a set of springs.

The additional elastic element 21 can be made in the form of one wave spring or a set of wave springs (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 4). One support section of the additional elastic element 22 (or additional elastic element 21) is located on the side of the cut spherical surface of the spherical sleeve 11 and through the ring 25 and the locking ring 26 interacts with the shaft 3, and its second support section through the ring 27 and the transmission rods 23 interacts with the end of the hub 15 of the cylinder block 6. The transmission rods 23 can be located in the splined connection of the shaft C with the spherical sleeve 11 (see Fig. 1, Fig. 4 and Fig. 7). At the same time, in the main elastic element 10, through semicircular channels (not marked) can be made, through which the transmission rods 23 pass, respectively. In order to prevent the radial shift of the transmission rods 23 during assembly of the hydraulic machine, these transmission rods 23 can be installed 60 in the axial through channels, respectively , which are made in at least one locking ring (not shown in the drawing). The transmission element can also be made in the form of a transmission sleeve 28, which is connected to the shaft 5 by means of a spline connection (see Fig. 6 and Fig. 9). One end 29 of the transmission element 23 (or the transmission sleeve 28) through the ring 27 interacts with the additional elastic element 21 (as well as with the additional elastic element 22), located on the side of the end 24 of the spherical sleeve 11, which faces the inclined washer 13, and the other its end 30 interacts with the cylinder block 6 (see Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6). The transmission sleeve 28 has projections 31, the end of which through the end of the ring 27 interacts with the additional elastic element 21 (see Fig. b and Fig. 9). The end 30 of the transmission rod 23 (or the transmission sleeve 28) can also interact with the end of the hub 15 of the cylinder block 6 through the auxiliary elastic element 32 (see Fig. 3). In the spherical sleeve 11, at least one axial through channel 33 is made, through which at least one transmission rod 23 passes (see Fig. 1, Fig. 4, Fig. C, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8).

In the spherical sleeve 11, at least one axial through channel 33 can also be made, through which at least one projection 31 of the transmission sleeve 28 passes (see Fig. 6 and Fig. 9). The transmission bushing 28 can interact with the spherical bushing 11 through a slot connection, which is made, respectively, on the outer surface of the transmission bushing 28 and on the inner surface of the spherical bushing 11 (not shown in the drawing). The transmission sleeve 28 can also be located between the central boring of the spherical sleeve 11 and the main elastic element 10 and its one end will interact with the end 29 of the transmission rod 23, and the second end - with the end of the hub 13 of the cylinder block b (not shown in the drawing).

During the operation of the hydraulic machine (during the rotation of the cylinder block b), the main elastic element 10 presses the shoes 9 to the inclined washer 13, and the cylinder block 6 to the distributor 14 with the necessary force (see Fig. 1). When locating the bores 7 of the cylinder block 6 at an angle to the axis of the shaft 5, the plunger 8 will additionally press the shoes 9 to the inclined washer 13 from the action of centrifugal force on them. Adjustment of the main elastic element 10 can be carried out using the thickness of the spacer ring 34, which can be located, for example, on the hub 13 of the cylinder block 6 (see Fig. 3). At slight revolutions of the cylinder block b, a slight overturning moment M will act on each shoe 9 and the main elastic element 10 will

To press these shoes 9 to the inclined washer 13, and the end 20 of the separator 12 (see Fig. 3) will not be in contact with the support ends 19 of the support plates 16 (between each support end 19 of the support plate 16 and the adjacent end 20 of the separator 12 there will be a minimum gap ). At high revolutions of the cylinder block b, the overturning moment M acting on each shoe 9 will be of great importance and will be perceived by the compression force of the main elastic element 10 and the support ends 19 of the support plates 16, with which the end 20 of the separator 12 will be in contact. When the shoes are under pressure 9 to the inclined washer 13 with the help of an unloading element (not shown in the drawing), its support section will be in contact with the end 20 of the separator 12 along the ring, the diameter of which will be equal to (or slightly different from) the outer diameter of the separator 12, as a result of which the stable position of the shoes 9 is increased This makes it possible to reduce the necessary pressure force of the main elastic element 10 of the shoes 9 to the inclined washer 13. Thus, in axial-plunger hydraulic machines, in which the limiter of the movement of the shoes 9 relative to the separator 12 or the unloading element (not shown in the drawing) is used, the pressure of the cylinder block is to distributor 14 should be carried out with greater effort, shoe blade 9 to the inclined washer 13. Therefore, the pressure of the cylinder block 6 to the distributor 14 is carried out by the main elastic element 10 and the additional elastic elements 21 and 22. The location of the additional elastic elements 21 and 22 from the side of the cut spherical surface of the spherical sleeve 11 and their interaction through the transmission rods 23 (they pass through the axial through channels 33 of the spherical sleeve 11) with the cylinder block b allows, other things being equal, to use additional elastic elements 21 and 22 of a longer axial length with a less rigid characteristic, as a result of which the accuracy of pressing the cylinder block b to the distributor 14 increases.

Axial-plunger hydraulic machine, which is shown in fig. 5, works in a similar way with the only difference that the outer diameter of the main elastic element 10 is equal to (or slightly different from) the outer diameter of the cylinder block b, and therefore, due to the more stable position of the cylinder block 6, less effort is needed to press it to the distributor 14.

The technical result is that due to the location of one support section of at least one additional elastic element that interacts with the shaft, on the side of the cut spherical surface of the spherical sleeve and the interaction of its second support section with the cylinder block through at least one transmission element that passes through at least one because the axial through-channel made in the spherical sleeve allows, other things being equal, to use an additional elastic element of a longer length with a less rigid characteristic, as a result of which the accuracy of the underpressure of the friction pair increases.

The technical and economic efficiency of the proposed axial-plunger hydraulic machine is achieved by increasing the reliability and durability of the hydraulic machine.

SOURCES OF INFORMATION: 1. Patent 05 Mo 4581980 A, 04/15/1986 2. Application OA Mo a 2020 00111, publ. 07/14/2021.

Claims (1)

FORMULA OF THE INVENTION An axial-plunger hydraulic machine containing a body in which a cylinder block is mounted on a shaft, in the bores of which plungers with shoes are located, while one supporting section of the main elastic element through a spherical sleeve, on which a cut spherical surface is made, presses the shoes to an inclined washers, and its second supporting portion is the cylinder block to the distributor, wherein one supporting portion of at least one additional elastic member interacts with the shaft, and its second supporting portion - with the cylinder block, and also presses it against the distributor, which is characterized in that one the support section of at least one additional elastic element that interacts with the shaft is located on the side of the cut spherical surface of the spherical sleeve, and its second support section interacts with the cylinder block through at least one transmission element that passes through at least one axial through channel made in the spherical sleeve . 13 From 6 / in ! x y | And I | | І У ух и х х | | E | ! In x | i I i x x | | and ! CA | checkers Z I sch. i i N Z i KE i Y i | deer M s s ny rya vya s Z i Zh 5. i Kk and Y Y I t t i I! sі і І PO veni pah MK ДIB онскуккх і Nііііі зі z N Nі I ! i i i A kh i E shi ni y ! Shi ni p! and ! and | x | ! ah NO and en ie Fig. 1 Vo Ya EE led us OO in her 4 Me, Shi | х У ЦО ех И и у и Я , Z KE! IV r M g y i, | M. nt and Ve Zh Fig. 2 BIV WITH she | A 20 Shi p U v- I -I yog Z 5 Fig. WITH 25.25 ?y 16 23 i x y, x | | / / X ! | ! and / x | In | / ve la y u | more | shi x | | si SHY lo | -e eh ; ry day in A vva AY I zv Shk ra ey ---30 -| chan and | Ж шт я птн, Ше хщо дост т | | 33 And I 4. pini SCHI 21 dya dz still I ; ЧИ Z ше NI и t I | And drytt | x | ! 2 h -- 4 shi V g ! X shk "ru Fig. 4 b