UA123864U - METHOD FOR THE PROCESSING OF LIVESTOCK WASTE Sludge - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of processing fatty sewage sludge according to which the sewage sludge is mixed with activated sludge, the mixture is mixed with a cellulose-containing filler, the resulting substrate is laid in the ridges and subjected to periodic aeration, then applied to vermiculture and maintained at a level of 80%. The volume ratio of sewage sludge to activated sludge is 1: 1 or 1: 2 or 2: 1, the weight ratio of the resulting mixture and the cellulose-containing filler is 1: 1 or 1: 2, or 1: 3, the stabilization of the obtained substrate is 12 -18 days with aeration period every 30 hours for 10-15 minutes, as a vermiculture using the culture of compost worms Eisenia foetida at the rate of 2.5-3 thousand individuals per 1 m2, the substrate exposure after the application of vermiculture is carried out at a temperature of 25-35 ° C for 25-45 days, maintaining the pH at 6 , 53-7,05 units

Description

The useful model belongs to the methods of processing industrial waste water sludge, formed after the stages of primary and biological treatment, and is intended for use at enterprises of the meat and dairy, oil and fat and fish processing industries.

The closest to the claimed useful model is the method (see the patent of Ukraine for an invention, issued without substantive examination, Mo 14786 А "Method of treatment of fat-containing sewage sludge", published on 06.30.1997, Bull. Mo 3), according to with which sewage sludge from primary settling tanks and activated sludge are mixed, the resulting mixture is mixed with a cellulose-containing filler (CVN) in a volume ratio of 4:1-1:4, the finished substrate is placed in the sides and subjected to aeration for 15-30 days, maintaining humidity at the level of 50-80 95. Then vermiculture is introduced into the substrate in the amount of 2.0-4.0 thousand individuals per 1 m, and kept for 30-60 days while maintaining humidity at the level of 60-80 Ob.

This method was chosen by the prototype. The prototype and the claimed method have the following common features (operations): - mixing of sewage sludge and activated sludge; - mixing the resulting mixture with a cellulose-containing filler; - laying the received substrate in rows (in the prototype - in the sides); - periodic aeration of the substrate; - adding vermiculture to the substrate; - holding the substrate for biodegradation of organic compounds while maintaining humidity at the level of 60-80 9.

The disadvantage of the method according to the prototype is the insufficient degree of destruction of organic substances and significant costs of cellulose-containing filler, which require additional resources for its further disposal. In this connection, the volumes of spent substrate and costs for aeration increase.

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method of processing fat-containing sewage sludge, in which, by using vermiculture of a specific type and new conditions for conducting technological operations, to ensure a reduction in the duration of processing, an increase in the efficiency of the decomposition of organic substances and a reduction in the volume of spent substrate, a reduction in the consumption of energy resources for the implementation of the method, possibility

From the further use of excess vermiculture as an additive of protein flour to feeds, raw materials for veterinary medicine, ophthalmic preparations, cosmetic additives, etc.

The task is solved in the method of processing fat-containing sewage sludge, according to which sewage sludge is mixed with activated sludge, the mixture is mixed with a cellulose-containing filler, the resulting substrate is laid in ridges and subjected to periodic aeration, after which vermiculture is introduced and kept with humidity at 60 -80 95, due to the fact that the volume ratio of sewage sludge and activated sludge is 171 or 1:2 or 2:1, the weight ratio of the resulting mixture and cellulose-containing filler is 1:1 or 1:2 or 1:3, stabilization of the obtained substrate is 12-18 days with periodic aeration every 30 hours for 10-15 minutes, as a vermiculture, a culture of compost worms Eisepia ioyeida is used at the rate of 2.5-3 thousand individuals per 1 m, the substrate is held after the introduction of vermiculture at a temperature of 25-35 "C for 25-45 days, with maintenance of the pH of the medium at the level of 6.53-7.05 units.

The processing process is carried out continuously, which allows you to constantly maintain the necessary amount of young vermiculture biomass in the ridges and avoid a decrease in the efficiency of the decomposition of organic substances. As a result, the duration of the processing process is shortened and the degree of destruction of fatty compounds in the substrate increases.

The useful model claimed is explained by the drawing, which shows the technological scheme of the implementation of the claimed method of processing fat-containing sewage sludge: 1 - sedimentation tank, 2 - anaerobic reactor, C - pump, 4 - storage tank; 5 - ridge, b - aerator, 7 - sprayers.

The claimed method is carried out as follows.

Waste water is fed to settling tank 1, from where fat-containing sediments are fed to accumulation tank 4, where activated sludge from anaerobic reactor 2 is fed with the help of pump Z. In accumulation tank 4, fat-containing sediments are mixed with activated sludge in a volume ratio of 1 :1 or 1:2 or 2:1. Then the resulting mixture is mixed with CVN in a weight ratio of 1:1 or 1:2 or 1:3, which is also fed to storage tank 4. As CVN, sawdust, remains of plant materials (leaves, straw, combs) can be used , branches), straw, peat, straw or peat bedding for livestock, waste of wooden containers and paper packaging materials. The obtained substrate is placed in ridges for 12-18 days, and subjected to periodic aeration - every 30 hours for 10-15 minutes, in order to remove the gases formed from the decomposition of organic substances (ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, methane).

After stabilization of the substrate, a culture of Eisepiatoeyeiid compost worms is introduced at the rate of 2.5-3 thousand individuals per 1 mg and kept at 25-35 "C for 25-45 days. The humidity of the substrate 5 is maintained at the level of 60-8090 with the help of sprayers 7, the pH value of the medium is maintained in the range of 6.53-7.05 units. After the end of exposure, the excess biomass of worms is removed with the possibility of further use.

Examples of the implementation of the method

Example 1. Wastewater from the sausage shop of a meat processing enterprise was fed to settling tank 1. Activated sludge from anaerobic reactor 2 was fed to storage tank 4 with the help of pump C. Fatty sludge was fed from settling tank 1 to storage tank 4 and mixed with activated sludge in a volume ratio of 2:1.

The resulting mixture was mixed with wood sawdust, which was also fed to storage tank 4, in a weight ratio of 1:2 and laid in ridges 5. Stabilization of the substrate lasted for 15 days with periodic aeration every 30 hours for 10 minutes. After stabilization, a culture of compost worms Eisepia goeiida was introduced at the rate of 1,000 individuals per 1 m? and kept at 25 "C for 36 days. The humidity of the substrate was maintained at the level of 7095 with the help of sprinklers 7, with a pH value of 7 units. After the end of the keeping, the excess biomass of worms was removed and transported for processing into fodder protein flour.

Example 2. The method was carried out as described in example 1, while the volume ratio of fat-containing sediments and activated sludge was 1:1, the weight ratio of the resulting mixture and wood sawdust was 1:1, the frequency and duration of aeration was 15 minutes every other 30 hours, the duration of stabilization - 12 days, the amount of applied vermiculture - 2.5 thousand individuals per 1 m, the exposure time after applying vermiculture was 25 days at 27 "С. The humidity of the substrate was maintained at the level of 80 90, with a pH value of 7.05 units After the incubation period, the excess biomass of worms was removed and transported for processing into fodder protein flour.

Example 3. The method was carried out as described in example 1, while the volume ratio of fat-containing sediments and activated sludge was 1:22, the weight ratio of the resulting mixture and wood sawdust was 1:3, the frequency and duration of aeration was 15 minutes every other 30 hours, the duration of stabilization - 18 days, the amount of introduced vermiculture - 2.7 thousand individuals per 1 mu, the exposure after introduction of vermiculture was 45 days at 35 "C. The humidity of the substrate was maintained at the level of 60 95, with a pH value of 53 units After the incubation period, the excess biomass of worms was removed and transported for processing into fodder protein flour.

The results of research for examples 1-3 are given in tables 1-6.

The optimal volume ratio of fat-containing sediments and activated sludge was determined in accordance with the needs of microorganisms responsible for the primary stage of fat hydrolysis, the results of the studies are shown in Table 1.

The rational weight ratio of the mixture "greasy sludge - activated sludge" and the cellulose-containing filler - wood sawdust was studied to ensure the air permeability of the substrate (see Table 2).

The duration of aeration during which facultative anaerobes retain their activity (Sioziaiit raziegiapyv, actinomycetes, etc.) was determined (see Table 3), and the total duration of substrate stabilization, which ensures optimal physicochemical properties of the substrate and the required degree of oxidation of high molecular weight organic compounds, results are given in table 4.

The effectiveness of the destruction of organic substances and the total increase in vermiculture biomass depending on the processing time of the substrate, consisting of fat-containing sediments from the stage of primary wastewater treatment, activated sludge sediment from the stage of biological wastewater treatment, and wood sawdust, were studied. The results of the studies are shown in Table 5.

A comparison of the effectiveness of the claimed method with the prototype method is given in Table 6.

The proposed method provides a reduction in the duration of processing, an increase in the efficiency of the decomposition of organic substances and a reduction in the volume of spent substrate, a reduction in energy consumption, the possibility of further use of excess vermiculture as an additive of protein flour to feed, raw materials for veterinary medicine, ophthalmic drugs, cosmetic additives, etc.

Table 1

The effect of the ratio of fat-containing sediments and activated sludge on the activity of hydrolytic bacteria

Me Volume ratio. . . about pre- : . Activity of hydrolytic bacteria of fat-containing sediments and activated sludge

Biodegradation of easily oxidizable organic compounds 4,244 occurs with the active release of water and carbon dioxide,

And there is an increase in the biomass of activated sludge, hard-to-oxidize organic compounds are subject to biodegradation

Biodegradation of easily oxidizable organic compounds 2 14 with active release of water and carbon dioxide occurs, the growth of hydrolytic and acidogenic bacteria is observed

Biodegradation of easily oxidizable organic compounds occurs with the active release of water and carbon dioxide, an increase

From 12, the biomass of activated sludge first increases, and then rapidly ends, hard-to-oxidize organic compounds are subject to biodegradation

Table 2

The influence of the ratio of the mixture of "greasy sludge-activated sludge" and wood sawdust on the quality of the substrate

Mo Weight ratio

And the "fat-containing" mixtures. The quality of the sediment substrate - activated sludge and wood sawdust

The substrate is well structured, provides sufficient air permeability and the necessary amount of nutrients for

And a stable increase in the biomass of worms by 1.5 times during the week

The substrate is structured, provides sufficient 2 14 air permeability, movement of Y is observed

And vermiculture in search of nutrients. The weekly increase in biomass of worms is 30 95

The substrate is structured, needs additional moistening under

From 13, the processing time is suitable for the vital activity of vermiculture.

The weekly increase in the biomass of worms is 68 95

Table C

The influence of the duration of aeration on the quality of the substrate for examples 1, 2, Z m Ins p

Duration of aeration, . app- The quality of the substrate minutes of order

The quality of the substrate is satisfactory, 1 10 gas bubbles are completely removed from the working mixture, the amount of oxygen is sufficient for the vital activity of vermiculture

The quality of the substrate is satisfactory, 2 out of 15 gas bubbles are completely removed from the working mixture, the amount of OXYGEN is sufficient for the vital activity of vermiculture, but this duration of aeration is economically impractical

Table 4

The influence of the duration of stabilization on the physical and chemical properties of the substrate for examples 1, 2, З

Mo. ord

Duration of stabilization, . order

Physico-chemical properties of the substrate meet the needs of 4 15 vermiculture, complete bioconversion of easily oxidizable compounds and partial of hard oxidizable organic compounds occurs

Physico-chemical properties of the substrate have undergone changes and 2 12 meet the needs of vermiculture. High content of high-molecular organic compounds, partial bioconversion of light-oxidizing compounds occurs

The physical and chemical properties of the substrate have undergone significant changes and

With 18 meet the needs of vermiculture, there is a bioconversion of easily oxidizable compounds and hard oxidizable organic compounds

Table 5

The influence of the duration of exposure on the efficiency of substrate processing for examples 1, 2, З

Mo.

Duration of processing, . order

The degree of destruction of organic substances is sufficient, the HSK indicator of 4 zv has decreased by 60 9b, there is a qualitative transition of organic pollutants into biohumus, the content of humic acids in the mixture is 1.5 95, the number of cocoons is 49 units/dm3

The degree of destruction of organic substances is sufficient, the HSK 2 25 indicator decreased by 38 95, the content of humic acids in the mixture is 0.8 95, the number of cocoons is 34 units/dm3

The degree of destruction of organic substances is sufficient, the HSK indicator decreased by 65 95, there is a qualitative transition of organic

Of the 45 pollutants in biohumus, the content of humic acids in the mixture is 1.55 95, the number of cocoons does not exceed 50 units/dmu

Table 6

Comparison of the claimed method with the prototype method

Indicator Example 1 Example 2 Example C Prototype

Volume ratio of fat-containing 24 14 12 sediments and activated sludge I I I

Weight ratio of the mixture of fat-containing sediments and active substances t 12 13 1:3 41-14 sludge and cellulose-containing filler

The duration of aeration of the substrate is minutes minutes | Minutes

Duration of substrate stabilization 15 days 12 days 18 days 15-30 days 2, . Out of a thousand people per | 2.5 thousand people 2.7 thousand people 2.0-4.0 thousand

Amount of applied vermiculture " " of vermiculture 1 me per 1 me per 1 me persons per 1 me

Duration of exposure of the substrate 36 days 25 days 45 days 30-60 days

Claims (1)

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