UA106039C2 - Device and method for supply of solid fuel materials into reactor for coal gasification - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for the continuous supply of finely communited fuel of a coal gasification system. Said fuel is initially stored in a storage container and then guided into an air shower system where it is supplied with gas for the coal gasification reaction. Said air shower system comprises at least two sluice containers in order to form the tight fit with gas in a quasi-continuous manner, and the fuel then passes into the storage container in which a constant filling level is reached over time, so that the fuel is guided from said storage container in a regular, trouble-free and pressurized manner to the burner. At least two sluice containers are transferred to at least one storage container by means of pneumatic dense-flow guide with solid material thicknesses of at least 100 kg/m3 and below a differential pressure of at least 0.5 bar, such that the device parts can be arranged at the same geodetic heights or at different geodetic heights enabling the system to be have a compact and flexible structure. The invention also relates to a method for the continuous and regular supply of finely communited fuel in a coal gasification reactor.

Description

of solids when fed through the sluice feeder will increase the fill level in the feed tank. The fill level will then be continuously lowered again by the amount of fuel supplied to the burners and raised again at the next transport operation from the sluice feeder. As a result, the feed tank experiences changing conditions from time to time, which may even adversely affect the stability of the supply from the feed tank. It is much more preferable to maintain the conditions of pressure, level of filling and batch feeding into the bulk loading by "sprinkling" the material, for example, in as constant a time regime as possible.

The present invention solves these problems by means of a metering tank that contains finely divided fuel material under pressure and, according to the invention, has an almost constant level of filling with fuel.

Such an almost constant level of filling in the feed tank is provided according to the invention by a continuous supply of solid material from at least two sluice feeders through at least one shared continuous feed pipeline, which is suitable for transport in a thick flow. Since the continuous supply pipeline does not operate in the gravity mode, there is an additional possibility of placing the feed tank and supply sluice feeders at different geodetic heights, and, in addition, at a greater distance from each other, as possible, for example, in another room.

Dosing devices for fuel materials are known, which supply fuel material to the reactor through a dosing tank with a system of sluice feeders located upstream. Document 5 5143521 A describes a system for supplying fuel to a feed tank that contains fuel under pressure and is continuously supplied with finely divided fuel by a system of sluice feeders. The sluice feeders are connected by a pipeline, and the pressure in them is created alternately. The pressure of the gas released during depressurization in one sluice feeder can be used through a system of turboexpanders, venturi tubes and compressors to create pressure in another sluice feeder. In this way, it is possible to adjust the pressure in finely divided coal from atmospheric conditions to a level suitable for coal gasification. Nitrogen is used as a gas to create pressure.

In document OE 102005047583 A! the method and installation for dosing and feeding powdered fuel materials under pressure into a coal gasification reactor are described. To ensure a constant supply of fuel material to the coal gasification reactor during a given period of time, the fuel is stored directly in the metering tank, in the lower part of which a dense layer of fluid medium is created above the bottom of the tank by feeding in gas, through which the powdered fuel material is continuously fed through the burners into the reactor for gasification under pressure. Here, the actual supply to the burners is carried out using so-called high-speed transport, in which the supply of auxiliary gas to the feed pipe upstream of the burner is used to create a pressure difference, with the help of which the fuel material is then transported to the burners. The dosing tank is supplied with fuel from two valves that transport the fuel under the influence of gravity and with the help of a sector feeder into the dosing tank. However, this system is sensitive to malfunctions and requires the construction of structures with a great height. The use of shredding devices is not mentioned.

This invention relates to a complex method of grinding carbon-containing fuel material, compressing the fuel with the help of a suitable gas, distributing and transporting the fuel to the feed tank and feeding it to the reactor. Transportation, distribution of fuel and supply to the reactor are carried out by means of transportation in a dense flow in the so-called continuous supply pipeline.

In this way, a complete reactor feed chain can be organized without gravity.

The temperatures at the outlet of the gas generator are preferably at a level above the melting temperature of the slag in the range between 1200 and 2000 "С, and the pressure preferably varies between 0.3 and 8 MPa.

Dense flow transportation in this context means pneumatic transportation, which is the movement of fuel material particles not in the form of individual particles, but in a dense flow in the form of dense clusters or plugs that fill the entire cross-sectional area of the pipeline. Flow velocities during transportation in a dense stream generally vary between 4 and 5 m/sec, and a large volumetric flow rate of transportation is achieved, despite the high content of solids in the gas stream. Thick flow transport is characterized by smooth movement of material and is particularly insensitive to failures due to wet or stuck transported material. This method of pneumatic transportation with a thick flow is preferably carried out at values of the volume density of the solid substance of at least 100 kg/m3 and a pressure difference of at least 0.5 bar (0.05 MPa).

Special rights are claimed for the method of supplying finely divided fuel materials to the cooling reactor (15) for gasification using oxygen-containing gasifying agents under pressure, in which: the temperatures at the outlet of the gas generator are higher than the melting temperature of the slag, in the range between 1200 and 2000 "C, and the pressure varies between 0.3 and 8 MPa, and the finely divided fuel material is compressed by means of a system of sluice feeders to a pressure level higher than the pressure in the gas generator, transported to at least one feed tank from which it is dosed in a dense flow through at least one fuel pipeline to one or more burners for gasification in one or more gas generators, and transportation from at least two sluice feeders to at least one feed tank is carried out using a pipeline for pneumatic continuous supply jointly, simultaneously or sequentially with a volume density of solid material of at least 100 kg/m3 and a pressure difference of at least 0.5 bar (0.05 MPa).

In one variant of the implementation of the method of transportation from the sluice feeders to the feed tank or tanks are regulated using at least one connecting device and at least one connecting element, and transportation from the connecting element to the feeding tank is performed using separate connecting devices or with the help of additional connecting elements with transport connecting devices.

In one exemplary embodiment, the transport coupling devices are configured as continuous feed pipelines suitable for heavy flow transport. As a result of the installation of connecting elements downstream of the sluice feeders, the fuel material is transported from the sluice feeders to the feed tanks through several pipelines of continuous supply, the number of which is smaller than the number of sluice feeders. It is also possible to direct the solid material from the outlet channels of the sluice feeders not directly into the binding elements, but through the connecting elements in such a way that it passes through the pipelines first into the binding elements and then into the continuous supply pipeline. Here, the number of connecting elements is less than the number of sluice feeders, and it can be equal to the number of continuous supply pipelines. The binding elements are mounted as close to the exit nozzles as possible and placed symmetrically as possible to ensure uniform solids flow.

In one preferred embodiment of the method, the fuel material is processed to a finely divided state using a mill or a suitable grinding device. Fuel in any form can be used for this purpose. You can feed fuel that has already been finely chopped. In this case, patent rights are claimed only for compression of the fuel material and transportation to the reactor. However, the grinding process is usually included in part in the method according to the invention, especially if the grinding device is spatially located close to the reactor. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the coal grinding and drying device (SMO) is an integral part of the coal gasification plant.

To carry out the transport function, pressure is created in the sluice feeders with the help of gas.

For example, recycled process gas can be used. Inert gas can also be used. The creation of pressure is preferably produced using inert gases (for example, nitrogen, carbon dioxide) or with the help of process gases or recirculation gases. For the optimal composition of the transportation process, the creation of pressure in the sluice feeders with subsea gas is preceded by mutual partial pressurization of the sluice feeders. To keep the technological conditions as constant as possible, the pressure in the sluice feeders is created and released alternately.

In an additional embodiment of the method, the grinding circuit is filled with an inert gas, and to create an inert gas atmosphere in the grinding circuit, gases released from the sluice feeders when the pressure is released are used. The latter are released during depressurization at regular intervals to carry out the transportation process, in which the released gas can be involved in recirculation in the shredding devices. This will make the process reliable in operation and keep the operating costs of the installation at an acceptable level. The gas in the grinding circuit is additionally dedusted. For this purpose, a dust collector is used, which can also be used for dedusting gases released from sluice feeders during pressure relief. Compressed or depressurized gas can in principle be dedusted with a dust collector at any point in the process.

The finely divided fuel material is then fed mainly into the feed tank. In this way, it is possible to store fuel material in a reserved state and for episodic equalization of the flow of raw material. Thus, it is possible to correct bottlenecks in the production process, which are compensated by further replenishment.

For the implementation of the method according to the invention, all solid carbon-containing fuel materials can be used, which can be divided into small particles by crushing or grinding. These can be especially all types of coal, such as anthracite, brown coal and, in principle, coal of all degrees of coalification. Biological fuel materials, such as wood, biomass and other fuel materials, such as plastic waste and petroleum coke, or their mixtures, are also suitable as fuel materials. For carrying out the method according to the invention, fuel materials should only be crushed to a finely divided state, which is suitable for transportation in a thick stream, if possible.

After the process of grinding and storage in the feed tank, the solid material is passed into the system of sluice feeders, in which the solid material is subjected to increased pressure with the subgas to carry out the gasification reaction. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the feed tank is at atmospheric pressure. Transportation of solid material to sluice feeders is mainly carried out under the influence of gravity.

To implement the method according to the invention, the sluice feeder system consists of at least two sluice feeders. In this way, loading operations can be connected in series and an almost continuous flow of material can be ensured. In the preferred embodiment, the pressure in the sluice feeders is created separately.

In one embodiment of the method according to the invention, two sluice feeders are used to ensure a continuous flow of material. Thus, capital investments for the construction of the installation are reduced. In an additional embodiment of the invention, it is also possible to use three or more sluice feeders. This is especially recommended in the case of high plant performance levels.

It is possible to use numerous sluice feeders and numerous connecting elements. In principle, the installation according to the invention can consist of any number of sluice feeders and connecting elements. The number of sluice feeders is determined by the productivity of the installation. The number of connecting elements is determined by the number of sluice feeders and the number of continuous supply pipelines. Theoretically, any number of different layouts is possible. Mutual connection of sluice feeders and connecting elements in principle can also be performed as desired. Any number of connecting devices can be used for this. The preferred connecting devices are pipelines. For example, hoses or flange connections are also possible. The desired layout of the spatial interconnection can also be selected.

After pressurizing the tanks, the fuel material contained in them is discharged in metered quantities, and then the pressure in the tanks is released. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the gas released during the depressurization is used to partially create pressure in the next sluice feeder in the cycle. To increase efficiency, this can be done by injecting the depressurized gas directly into the pressurizing tank.

To reduce the dust content in the gas released during depressurization, the expanded gas is preferably introduced into a dust collector, which is also used to dedust gas from the storage tank or from the grinding process. In principle, it is also possible to clean the gas from dust-like solid materials with the help of several independent dust collectors. To keep capital investments at a low level, it is preferable to use only one dust collector.

The flow of material from the sluice feeders is directed to the feed tank through at least one connecting element and a continuous supply pipeline. To implement the advantages of the invention, the sluice feeders are emptied one after the other in such a way that an almost continuous flow of fuel material into the feed tank is achieved. In this way, the subsequent feed tank of the gasification reactor can be supplied with a continuous flow of material under a pressure suitable for the gasification reaction, and the filling level of the feed tank remains almost constant. The level of filling with fuel material in the feed tank can be adjusted according to a preferred embodiment of the method so that it does not vary by more than 30 95 during a given period of time. If the method according to the invention is carried out by experts, they can without much effort maintain variations in the filling level of the feed tank within a range of no more than x 10 95 for a long period of time.

The level of filling of the feed tank can also be kept constant by adjusting the continuous supply of finely divided fuel material from the sluice feeders by adjusting the pressure difference between the sluice feeder and the feed tank. By injecting gas into the free space of the sluice feeders or releasing it from it, they affect the pressure difference between the sluice feeder and the feed tank and use it as a control parameter for transporting solid material.

For the implementation of the method, finely ground fuel materials preferably have a particle size of less than 0.5 mm. This is achieved in the process of grinding and grinding.

The discharge of solid material from the sluice feeder can be facilitated by adding gas to the sluice feeder in close proximity to the discharge nozzle. The density in the continuous supply pipeline is adjusted by adding gas to the continuous supply pipeline or to the binding element, or both. Adding gas at this point can also be used to blow the continuous supply pipeline or the binding element. The gas can also be supplied to the connecting elements between the sluice feeder and the connecting element.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the volume of propellant gas supplied to the outlet channel of the sluice feeder is removed from the feed tank and returned to the sluice feeder using an injector. The returned propellant gas and the working gas of the injector are jointly used as replacement gas to empty the sluice feeder and thus also to maintain the pressure in the sluice feeder during the transport process.

To meet certain requirements, it may be preferable for two or more sluice feeders to discharge the solid material simultaneously or sometimes simultaneously into the transport pipeline. Gas equalization between sluice feeders can preferably be achieved with the help of a connecting gas pipeline between sluice feeders.

The method according to the invention may also include processes which are processes that follow the coal gasification process according to the invention. The method according to the invention also includes technological stages that are required to ensure the operation of the reactor in normal mode. For example, it can be stages of cleaning. They can also represent supporting technological stages, such as supplying gas to loosen corks. Technological stages for measuring parameters such as filling levels, flow rates, pressure or temperature are also possible. The invention also specifically describes an installation for implementing this method. The installation according to the invention can include all technological units that are required for the operation of the installation for gasification of coal according to the method according to the present invention.

The rights are also claimed for a device used to feed solid fuel materials into a reactor for gasification of solid fuel materials, which includes: a grinding device, a dust collector, a storage tank, at least two sluice feeders, at least one connecting device for transporting dense flow, a feeder tank, gasification reactor, in which: the grinding device is connected to the storage tank by connecting devices, and the dust collector is placed between the grinding device and the storage tank, and the storage tank is connected to the sluice feeders through connecting devices devices which are suitable for gravity or aerosol transport and the sluice feeders are connected to the feed tank by means of shared coupling devices which are suitable as a continuous feed pipe for thick flow transport and this feed tank is connected to the reactor for gasification of black with additional pipelines for fuel materials.

Aerosol transport from the sluice feeder system to the feed tank allows the feed tank to be mounted at the same or a different geodetic height as the sluice feeder system. In the case of gravity-acting sluice feeder systems known at this time, it is absolutely necessary to mount the sluice feeders above the feed tank. In this approach, it is possible to significantly reduce the height of the structure of the entire installation. It is also possible to place the sluice feeder system and the feed tank and reactor in separate buildings. The invention also includes the advantage that construction objects with a lower height can be selected for the corresponding blocks.

The various components of the installation can be placed as desired so that the spatial arrangement of the installation can be made flexibly.

Transportation of fuel material from the sluice feeders to the feed tank or tanks is performed through at least one connecting device and at least one binding element, and transportation from the binding element to the feed tank through separate pipelines of continuous supply for transportation in a dense flow. Transport from the sluice feeder to the feed tank can be done through additional connecting elements with transport connecting devices.

Depending on the variant of the implementation of the method, 2 or more sluice feeders can be used to create pressure on the fuel material. This is especially recommended for installations with high throughput values for fuel material, or if a higher pressure must be created in the sluice feeder system. The sluice feeders on the input side are connected to the feed tank, which transports the fuel material to the sluice feeders both by means of transport by a dense flow and by gravity movement. For this purpose, a sector feeder or a material main can be mounted in a suitable place between the storage tank and the sluice feeders. It is also possible to install intermediate tanks, bulb-shaped tanks or gas injection devices between the storage tank and the sluice feeders.

The fuel supply system of the coal gasification plant may also include a grinding device or mill, which may be of any desired type. The mill, in turn, may also include additional shredding devices, such as wood shredders or coal crushers. The mill or crusher can also be supplied with gas or an inert gas atmosphere. In a preferred embodiment of the installation according to the invention, the sluice feeders are spatially integrated into the shredding device and are filled by gravity from at least one storage tank for finely chopped dried fuel.

To implement the method according to the invention, the sluice feeder system consists of two or more sluice feeders in which the pressure can be created externally. The sluice feeder system is connected to an upstream storage tank that supplies the sluice feeder system with finely divided fuel material by gravity transport. Transport or transfer of solid material is preferably stimulated by gas injection so that gas injection devices that stimulate transport or transfer of solid material can be mounted anywhere in the system of sluice feeders, bulk flow pipelines or feed tank.

Gateway feeders can have any desired design. They can be arranged in the form of cylinders or in the form of spheres. Preferably, they are provided with an unloading cone downstream, the angle of which is determined by the properties of the bulk material to prevent freezing and ensure uniform flow of the material. For this purpose, they are ideally made narrowed towards the bottom. Therefore, the fuel material goes down in the direction of gravity. Storage tanks and downstream feed tanks also have this preferred design. Sluice feeders are equipped with inlet valves through which pressure can be created in the sluice feeders. Sluice feeders are equipped with nozzles, a shut-off valve and control valves according to the prototype, which serve to regulate the flow of solid material, to reset and create pressure or to carry out pressure equalization.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the gases released during depressurization can be recirculated and directed to the shredder and/or fuel storage tank. To separate the gas from the dust before releasing it from the system or recirculating it for use in the installation, the pipelines are preferably passed through a dust collector. The latter separate the dust and direct it to its proper disposal or regeneration, for example, in a storage tank. It is theoretically possible to install devices by which the gas stream can be separated from solid material or dust anywhere in the sluice feeder system, bulk flow piping, fuel piping, or expansion piping. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a gas-phase connection of the sluice feeders with the feed tank.

Pipelines can be equipped with devices for pumping gas in any desired place. They can be, for example, so-called "boosters" (pneumo amplifiers). However, particularly solid material dischargers that are prone to clumping, clogging or caking may include additional gas injection devices by which the solid material can be loosened. Sluice feeders can also be equipped with gas injection devices at any desired location.

In this case, the material discharge channel from the sluice feeders is connected (with a connecting element, through which the material flowing from the sluice feeders is passed into the connecting element. These elements must be designed for high pressure, since the fuel is under pressure at levels are higher than in the gasification reactor throughout the transport process from the sluice feeder to the feed tank.To ensure a controlled flow of material, the sluice feeders are preferably mounted so that they are placed symmetrically with respect to the connecting elements so that the connecting elements between the sluice feeders and connecting elements mostly had the same length.

In principle, the binding elements can be of any desired type. Mostly, they are devices that provide for the implementation of the function of mixing elements. They can be, for example, pipe manifolds or U-shaped manifolds, or so-called "distribution nozzles".

Examples of suitable binding elements are given in the patent document EP 340 419 B1; and the elements described there are functionally inverted here and used as binding elements. The connecting devices can also be of any desired type. Pipelines are mainly used.

Hoses or flange connections are also possible.

Preferably, the connecting devices or binding elements can also be supplied with gas to distribute the material. If there are multiple binding elements, they can be supplied with gas separately. For this purpose, the binding element is preferably provided with a device for introducing gas. In one embodiment of the invention, the feed tank is also equipped with gas injection devices or gas injection devices.

The pipeline for supplying the solid material to the feed tank usually ends above the level of filling with solid material, and, depending on the characteristics of the bulk material, in one embodiment of the invention it may also enter the feed tank below the level of the solid material. Since the solids level is subject to only minor fluctuations when the process is properly carried out, this location can be at the bottom or center of the feed tank height. In this way, a lower bulk density can be achieved in the feed tank if the solid material exhibits good gas retention capacity, thus reducing the additional amount of gas required for transport to the burners.

The installation according to the invention can be equipped with the technological equipment necessary for the operation of the solid fuel supply system in any desired place. These can be pumps, but can also be heating or cooling devices. Valves or shut-off devices are also included. Theoretically, they can be mounted anywhere. Injectors can also be built in. Here, for example, so-called "boosters" (gas injectors) can be used, but gas jet pumps are also possible. Finally, the installation according to the invention also includes thermometers or flow sensors for gases and solids, pressure sensors, level meters or other measuring devices.

The constructive type of transportation with a dense flow from the sluice feeders and from the feeding tank allows the whole installation to be arranged with a low height. Since the transportation does not depend on the force of gravity, the technological equipment can be mounted in any desired place. When using this system, the necessary production area can be significantly reduced.

A system of multiple sluice feeders and an upstream storage tank as well as a constant fill level feed tank allows for uninterrupted and very stable fuel transport to the feed tank over a given period of time, even over a long period of time. This contributes to the reliability of the installation and ensures consistently high product quality.

The installation according to the invention is illustrated in more detail with the involvement of two drawings, and the embodiment is not limited to these drawings.

The drawings show:

In Fig. 1 - the sequence of technological operations of a coal gasification plant, which is equipped with a device for supplying fuel material according to the invention. The fuel material 1 is fed and introduced into a mill or suitable grinding device 2. The finely divided fuel material is then passed through a dust collector C and a fuel pipeline Za into a storage tank 4, where the fuel is held in intermediate storage. After that, the fuel is fed into the sluice feeders 5.

The presented examples show two 5a, 5605 of them. The sluice feeders 5 are used to compress the fuel, batch by batch, with underwater gas. For this, the sluice feeders 5 are equipped with devices ба, 6р for introducing gas above the backfill and devices ба, 6' for introducing gas into the backfill. A compensation pipeline 7 is provided between the sluice feeders 5, which can be opened if necessary. From the sluice feeders 5 there will be an expansion pipeline 8 for depressurization, through which the gas released during the depressurization can be used completely or only partially to create an atmosphere from the inert gas in the shredder 2. However, the gas released during the depressurization can also be used to create an atmosphere from the inert gas in the storage tank 4. In order to bring the recirculation gas 8c in the shredder 2, circulating with the help of the compressor 80, to the proper temperatures, the pipeline can be provided with a heat exchanger 84 or another suitable device for supplying heat.

Downstream relative to the sluice feeders 5a, 50, the finely divided fuel material is unloaded through the corresponding connecting devices За, 9р and passed into the connecting element 10. Gas can also be supplied to the connecting element 10 through the gas line 11. The finely divided material is then directed into the feed tank 13 through the pipeline 12 of continuous supply.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in Fig. 1, for the two sluice feeders 5a, 565, a continuous supply pipeline 12 is used through the connecting element 10. Preferably, this is achieved in such a way that the sluice feeders 5a, 50 feed solid material alternately into the continuous supply pipeline 12 by transporting it in a thick flow through the connecting element 10. To minimize the time interval for switching from one sluice feeder 5a, 56 to another, and to ensure almost continuous transportation of solid material, preferably during the switching process, connect both sluice feeders 5a, 50 to the connecting element 10 in the overlap mode in times In this regard, it is useful to equalize the pressure through the compensating pipe 7 between that sluice feeder 5a, 50, which is already almost empty, and another sluice feeder, which is still full. It goes without saying that it is also possible, and preferably, to carry out the procedure described with more than two sluice feeders 5. If there are more than two sluice feeders 5, then the depressurized gas from this sluice feeder 5, which has just been emptied and now depressurized to charge solids from the atmospheric pressure storage tank 4 to partially pressurize the still atmospheric sluice feeder 5.

The connection device 965 is provided with two valves (not shown), one near the outlet channel of the feeder, one near the connecting element 10. After the sluice feeder 5 has been emptied to a minimum level and disconnected from the connecting element 10 by the valve in the vicinity of the connecting element 10, it is recommended to blow or ventilate it by injecting gas b'a, 9'U on the connecting device Za, 906 before closing the second valve.

In the ideal case, a constant level of 1 per fill prevails in the feed tank 13.

The pressure in the feed tank 13 can be kept constant with the help of excess gas 21 or feed gas 22 in the process of gas substitution. From the feed tank 13, the solid material is directed through the fuel pipelines 14a, 1456 to the coal gasification reactor 15 with one or more burners 16a, 165. In this case, all the equipment for supplying solid fuel is located in a separate installation unit, in the building 17a with a grinding device. The coal gasification reactor 15 and the feed tank 13 are located in another building, in the room 170 with the gas production unit.

The already mentioned advantages of the invention, which specifically include a significant reduction in the number of equipment units, the height of the building structure and thus capital investments, as well as an increase in the reliability of the installation, achieved by a moderate increase in the consumption of compressed gas. This is due to the fact that that part of the gas used to transport the dense flow of solid material in the continuous supply pipeline 12, which was used to reduce the density of the solid material to a value below the value that prevails in the feed tank 13, cannot be used as a feed gas for reactor 15 for gasification of coal, since it is excess gas, see fig. 2.

If no additional devices are available, this part must be removed unused in the form of excess gas 21. At the same time, many times more gas is required in the sluice feeder 5, which is an active transport hopper, as a replacement for the removed amount of solid material. Therefore, it is proposed to reduce the need for gas by recirculating the excess gas 21 from the feed tank 13 as recirculation gas 20 with return to the sluice feeder and using it to partially replace the gas spent for replacement. This can be done using a compressor or another device to increase pressure. In connection with the small pressure difference that can be overcome between the feed tank 13 and the sluice feeder 5 at the same time high pressure in the system, an injector 18, in particular, a gas jet pump, is provided for this purpose. In addition, the pump is also capable of transporting dust that contains gas, and dust separation is not required. Compressed gas used for the purpose of substitution, which is at a much higher pressure, serves as the working gas. The pressure side of the injector 18 is switched to the currently active sluice feeder 5. Under typical operating conditions, part of the recirculation gas is about 25 95 of the amount of replacement gas. At the same time, the pressure of the working gas supply 23 is about 10 bar (1 MPa) higher than the pressure in the sluice feeder, while the pressure of the recirculation gas 20 is only about 1-2 bar (0.1-02

MPa) higher than the pressure in the sluice feeder. These numerous ratios make it obvious to a specialist that the injector system 18 is fully operational under the specified conditions.

Gas recirculation is built into the system for regulating the pressure in the feed tank 13 as follows: based on the reasoning that under constant operating conditions, excess gas 21 must be removed from the feed tank 13, an increase in pressure in the feed tank 13 is avoided due to the presence of an injector 18 that sucks the amount of the gas which is released and which directs it to the sluice feeder 5. If the pressure in the feed tank 13 continues to rise, the excess pressure is released in the form of excess gas 21. This gas can also be used with advantage if necessary, for example, to replace purge gases , which are fed into the reactor for gasification in different places. If it is necessary to increase the pressure in the feed tank 13, in particular, during the start-up mode, which cannot be achieved when using excess gas 21 with closed valves in the pipelines for recirculation gas 20 and excess gas 21, the deficiency can be compensated by fresh supply gas 22.

The compensating supply of compressed gas used as working gas 23 for the injector 18 is regulated by means of the pressure regulator of the sluice feeder 5. Depending on the position of the throttle valve in the pipeline for the working gas, the amount of working gas varies between 70 and 100 95 of the amount of gas required for replacement. The control pressure value in the sluice feeder is determined by a cascade (not shown) based on the filling level of the feed tank 13 (or its weight). A fixed control value is set relative to the level (for example, 50 95). If this control value is exceeded, the value of the pressure difference between the sluice feeder 5 and the feed tank 13, which is registered by the control cascade, decreases so that the mass flow of the subsequent flow of solid raw material is reduced, and if the level falls below the control value, the regulating devices act in the opposite order .

In fig. 3-8 is shown as an example of a layout with a variable number of sluice feeders 5 and connecting elements 10. They are connected in various ways by pipelines.

In Fig. C shows the device according to the invention, which includes three sluice feeders 5 and one connecting element 10, in which each sluice feeder 5 is connected to the connecting element 10 through the connecting device 9, and the connecting element 10 with connected to the feed tank 13 through the pipeline 12 of continuous supply. The connecting element 10 can be supplied with gas through the gas line 11.

In Fig. 4 shows the device according to the invention, which includes three sluice feeders 5 and two connecting elements 10, in which the two sluice feeders 5 are connected to the first connecting element 1b0a through connecting devices Ua, 90, and the first link the connecting element 10a is connected to the second connecting element 10p through another connecting device, and the third sluice feeder 5 is directly connected to the second connecting element 106 through the connecting device 9c, and the second connecting element 105 is connected to the feed tank 13 through a pipeline 12 of continuous supply.

In Fig. 5 shows a device according to the invention, which includes four sluice feeders 5 and three connecting elements 10, in which every two sluice feeders 5 are connected to one connecting element 10a, each through connecting devices 9a-94, and these connecting elements 10 are connected to the third connecting element 10c through additional connecting devices 9e, 9, and the third connecting element 10c is connected to the feed tank 13 through the pipeline 12 of continuous supply.

In Fig. 6 shows a device according to the invention, which includes six sluice feeders 5 and two connecting elements 10, in which every three sluice feeders 5 are connected to one connecting element 10, each through connecting devices 9, and these connections binding elements 10 are connected to the feed tank 13 by separate pipelines 12a, 126 of continuous supply.

In Fig. 7 shows a device according to the invention, which includes eight sluice feeders 5 and two connecting elements 10, in which every four sluice feeders 5 are connected to one connecting element 10, each through connecting devices Za, 90, and these connecting elements 10 are connected to the feed tank 13 by separate pipelines 12 of continuous supply.

In Fig. 8 shows a device according to the invention, which includes eight sluice feeders 5 and three connecting elements 10, in which every four sluice feeders 5 are connected to one connecting element 10a, 100, each through connecting devices 9, and these binding elements 10a, 10p are connected to the third binding element 10c through additional connecting devices 9, and the third binding element 1060 is connected to the feed tank 13 by a pipeline 12 of continuous supply.

List of used item code numbers 1 Fuel material 2 Grinding device

With dust collector

For Fuel pipeline 4 Storage tank 5, Ba, 55 Gate feeders 6, ba, 665 Devices for gas introduction b'a, 6'6Ю Devices for gas introduction 7 Compensating pipeline 8 Expansion pipeline va Pipeline for gas released during depressurization 86 Compressor 8с Recirculation gas v Heat exchanger yes-9 Connecting devices bа, 96 Gas injection 10, 10а-10с Connecting elements 11 Gas pipeline 12, 12а, 125 Pipelines of continuous supply 13 Feed tank 1Za Filling level 14а, 145 Fuel pipelines

Coal gasification reactor 16a, 16r Burners 17a Building with a grinding device 175 Building with a gas production unit 18 Injector 19 Gas

Recirculation gas 21 Surplus gas 22 Lead gas 23 Injector working gas

Ar Pressure as a control parameter

RS Pressure regulation devices

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