UA101868U - HEMOSTATIC COMPOSITION - Google Patents

Abstract

The hemostatic composition contains a moisture-retaining, binding, inorganic and organic hemostatic agent in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - from 0.001% to 30%, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - from 0.001% to 50% 0.001% to 50% as organic hemostatic agent - from 0.001% to 50%, in which the total content of agents is less than 100% or 100%.

Description

The utility model relates to medical devices, in particular to medical devices for first aid for bodily injuries, which are accompanied by bleeding, in particular for severe bleeding, namely to medical devices for first emergency aid for bodily injuries, received in particular for severe injuries, as well as for wounds, in particular injuries received during military operations.

The tool is intended for providing first aid for the indicated wounds, but not limited to those accompanied by heavy bleeding, to stop such bleeding.

The tool is designed to quickly stop bleeding and create conditions for safe, as fast as possible transportation of the wounded/injured, which is ensured by the specific hemostatic properties of the composition.

The useful model belongs to the composition of hemostatic agents and hemostatic agents, which consist of the specified composition and the carrier, and ensure the most effective use of them to stop bleeding, massive bleeding, including shrapnel and gunshot wounds, mainly on the battlefield at the stage of providing self-, mutual - and first unqualified pre-medical and medical aid, and which can be equipped with a soldier's individual first-aid kit and field first-aid kits of various levels, as well as in surgery and traumatology.

Such hemostatic compositions and hemostatic agents are intended: - to quickly stop massive bleeding, in particular due to shrapnel and gunshot wounds, mainly on the battlefield at the stage of providing self-, mutual and first unqualified first aid and medical aid, and which can be completed in the individual first-aid kit of each fighter and field first aid kits of different levels; - in surgery and traumatology, disaster medicine.

The composition of hemostatic agents, due to its qualitative and quantitative composition, should ensure the following: due to the presence of several hemostatic agents, each of which acts separately on its specific blood coagulation factor and, in combination with another agent, enhances the effect of this agent, a synergistic effect of the composition is ensured; that the composition of hemostatic agents according to its properties is suitable for combination with a carrier (incorporation into a carrier) without losing its hemostatic properties and

Thanks to its physico-chemical and physical properties, Zo ensured (did not hinder) the technological process of manufacturing hemostatic agents.

In turn, hemostatic agents due to the combination of a composition that has certain chemical, physico-chemical and physical properties and a carrier that has certain physical, mechanical and chemical, physico-chemical properties into one whole and the use of appropriate compounds, substances and materials , from which the composition and the carrier are made, according to the design of the construction of the hemostatic agent, including the use of additional structural elements, in particular, introducers, applicators, containers, adhesive materials, radiopaque materials, packaging, etc., must ensure: when hemostatic agents come into contact with blood, contact of hemostatic agents in the composition, which is incorporated into the carrier, with blood to accelerate its coagulation; tightness of the packaging and sterility of the hemostatic agent during storage, transportation, as well as in some cases of its use; preservation of the properties of the hemostatic agent in harsh climatic conditions (from -40" to 50", with humidity exceeding 95 95) during storage, transportation, use; radiopaqueness of the agent for the possibility of detecting the entire agent or its fragments remaining in the wound; increasing the effectiveness of the composition of hemostatic agents in the composition of the hemostatic agent in comparison with the composition itself; the convenience and reliability of tamponing, the convenience of removing the agent from the wound, as well as reducing the time required for tamponing the wound; synergistic acceleration of blood coagulation due to the fact that the components of the hemostatic agent (hemostatic agents of the composition and carrier) not only accelerate its coagulation by themselves, but also enhance the effect of each other due to the simultaneous effect on various factors of blood coagulation.

Hemostatic agents, which are intended for use in the field to stop massive bleeding, should be convenient to use, occupy a minimum volume during transportation and storage before their use, and provide the fastest and most reliable tamponade of the wound.

Hemostatic agent - in the understanding of this utility model, is a material, substance, chemical compound, mineral of natural origin and/or product of their chemical and/or biological, and/or chemical modification, and/or synthetic origin, which upon contact with blood initiates and/or accelerates the processes of its collapse by any mechanism.

Hemostatic agent - in the understanding of this utility model, is a material that is made and consists of a container (carrier) and a composition of hemostatic agents, which are combined in any rational way, which ensures the possibility of its use to stop bleeding.

Two-dimensional container, two-dimensional medium, two-dimensional medium - in the sense of this useful model, there are any containers (medium) and means that represent a two-dimensional geometric structure (figure), preferably, but not exclusively, flat, which has dimensions along the length and width significantly exceeds height measurements, for example, have a ratio of length or width to height of at least 10 times, including those that are folded or twisted into three-dimensional shapes for compactness of packaging (for example, napkins, bandages), for example, corrugations, rolls for ease of use (for example, cord, spiral). Examples of two-dimensional flat structures can be bandages, bandages, napkins, etc.

Additional agents - within the meaning of this useful model, there are any agents that provide additional functional properties of the hemostatic agent. Examples of such agents can be those that provide radiopaqueness of the composition and/or means, for example, barium salts, pharmaceutically active agents, which are antibiotics, antifungal agents, antimicrobial agents, anti-inflammatory agents, analgesics, local anesthetics and anesthetics, antihistamines , compounds containing ions of copper, zinc, silver, and their combinations, and also represent additional released agents that are also hemostatic in themselves, examples of which can be thrombin, tranexamic acid, ε-aminocaproic acid, bioactive glass, biological hemostatics and their combinations, as well as polyvinyl alcohol, glycerin, silicone, carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatinized starch, polyacrylic acid and its salts with iron, calcium, barium.

Three-dimensional container and three-dimensional carrier - in the understanding of this utility model, there are any containers and carriers that represent a three-dimensional geometric figure, preferably, but not exclusively, a cylinder, sphere, ellipsoid, parallelepiped, etc. in the form of disks, balls, pockets, pouches, pads, which are made from at least one fragment of a two-dimensional medium by fixing at least two opposite edges of the two-dimensional medium with any rational

By way of canisters, syringes, tubes, containers and other vessels, including airtight ones, for storing liquid, semi-liquid, gel-like and paste-like, and foam-like, and other suitable forms of compositions.

Three-dimensional hemostatic agent - in the understanding of this useful model, is any agent that is a three-dimensional geometric figure, preferably, but not exclusively, a cylinder, sphere, ellipsoid, parallelepiped in the form of disks, balls, pockets, bags, pillows, tubes, which are made from at least one fragment of a two-dimensional means, by fixing at least two opposite edges of a two-dimensional means in any rational way and cans, syringes, tubes, containers and other vessels, including sealed ones, which are preferably filled with solid, liquid, semi-liquid, gel-like and paste-like, and foam-like, and other suitable forms of the composition of hemostatic agents, which may also contain additional agents, which represent a three-dimensional geometric figure, preferably, but not exclusively, a cylinder, a sphere, an ellipsoid, a parallelepiped.

The composition of hemostatic agents - solution, suspension, paste, gel, foam, dry substance, obtained by any rational method from hemostatic agents.

A container and a carrier within the meaning of this utility model are interchangeable and mean a particular object that can be impregnated, filled, filled or otherwise combined with a composition of hemostatic agents in such a way that it makes it possible to use a composition of hemostatic agents in combination with a container (carrier ) as a hemostatic agent.

Capacity - in the understanding of this useful model, is a two-dimensional, predominantly flat structure, in which the dimensions of length and width significantly exceed the dimensions of height, for example, having a ratio of length or width to height of at least 10 times, or a three-dimensional structure, preferably volume structure of various types. Examples of two-dimensional, flat structures can be bandages, bandages, napkins, etc. Examples of three-dimensional structures can be various structures such as tampons, vessels, means for introducing into cavities and recesses, hermetic vessels for storing liquid, semi-liquid, gel-like and paste-like, and other suitable forms of the composition.

Zioi-duet process - in the understanding of this useful model, is a technological process that is used to apply to a "two-dimensional" carrier, preferably in the form of a tape, a viscous hemostatic composition or individual hemostatic agents included in the specified composition and/or their combinations, using a special slotted extrusion head by squeezing through it the hemostatic composition or the components that make up its composition, on a "two-dimensional" carrier that moves with the optimal speed at the moment of time.

The currently known means that affect the blood coagulation system and have a hemostatic effect are divided into different groups and differ in the mechanism of action (M.D. Mashkovsky.

Medicines. (Help for doctors). - M.: Novaya Volna, 1996. - P. 78-103): antihemorrhagic and hemostatic agents, in particular: heparin antagonists, for example protamine sulfate, which is a drug of protein origin and which is a specific antagonist of heparin, which is a direct blood anticoagulant and which is used mainly when necessary to neutralize the effect of excess exogenous heparin; inhibitors of fibrinolysis, such as β6-aminocaproic acid and ambene, which are inhibitors of fibrinolysis, that is, the process that primarily causes the destruction of the fibrin thread. Fibrinogen and thrombin are native components of the blood coagulation system, which are one of the key factors in triggering the mechanism of fibrin thread formation and platelet aggregation, ε-aminocaproic acid blocks plasminogen activators and partially inhibits the action of plasmin, and therefore can have a specific hemostatic effect in bleeding that causes associated with increased fibrinolysis, it is also an inhibitor of kinins - biogenic polypeptides that are formed in the body from o-globulins under the action of kallikrein.

The drug is used to stop bleeding during surgical interventions and various pathological conditions in which increased fibrinolytic activity of blood and tissues is observed; ambene (para(aminomethyl)benzoic acid) inhibits fibrinolysis by competitive inhibition of plasminogen-activating enzyme and inhibition of plasmin formation. The drug is used to stop bleeding during surgical interventions and various pathological conditions in which the fibrinolytic activity of blood and tissues is increased, as well as in hemorrhagic diatheses of protocytopenic origin; angioprotectors, such as calcium dobesilate, which belongs to the group of angioprotectors and has a proaggregatory effect, increasing the activity of platelets as hemostatic agents; thrombus-forming agents, for example decylate (Ttotbromag, Magisoy) (sodium 2-methyl-7-ethylundecyl-4-sulfate), which is a venosclerosing agent that has additional surface-active properties, and which, when administered intravenously, causes thrombus formation with the subsequent organization of a thrombus and its growth with the vessel wall, and which is intended for the sclerosing treatment of varicose veins

From the lower extremities.

There are well-known examples of the use of substances obtained from various animal and human tissues as hemostatic agents (M.D. Mashkovsky. Lekarstvennye srednat. (Helps for doctors). - M.:

Novaya Volna, 1996. - P. 96-99), in particular: fibrinogen (from blood plasma of donors), which is a natural component of blood and under the action of thrombin turns into fibrin and ensures the final stage of blood coagulation - the formation of a clot. It is used for hypo- and afibrinogenemia, bleeding in traumatological, surgical, oncological practice, massive bleeding in obstetric and gynecological practice; fibrin, which is obtained from fibrinogen from human blood plasma, which exhibits a hemostatic effect, promotes tissue regeneration and wound healing, and products from which are used locally during operations, skull and brain injuries, to replace tissue defects, etc.; thrombin, which is a natural component of the blood coagulation system and is formed in the body from prothrombin during the enzymatic activation of the latter by thromboblastin, is obtained from the blood plasma of donors and is used only locally to stop bleeding from small capillaries and parenchymal organs (during craniocerebral operations, kidney operations, liver and other parenchymal organs, with bleeding from the bone cavity, gums, etc., and with bleeding from large vessels, thrombin is not used and injection into a vein and muscle is not allowed, and injection into blood vessels can cause widespread thrombosis with a fatal outcome; collagen and gelatin, which are used mainly in the form of sponges with the addition of other functional agents that exhibit a hemostatic effect and due to their ability to be absorbed can be left in the wound; dried blood plasma, which is obtained from the blood of cattle, exhibits a hemostatic effect (M.D. Mashkovsky Medicines (A handbook for doctors) - M.: Novaya Volna, 1996. - P. 96-99).

There are well-known examples of the use of substances of plant origin to obtain hemostatic agents, some of which have been used as hemostatic agents in folk medicine for centuries (M.D. Mashkovsky. Lekarstvennyue srednat. (Help for doctors) - M.:

Novaya Volna, 1996. - P. 99-102), which are obtained, in particular, from: Lagohilus intoxicant (Gadospyi5 zpebgiap5

Vypde), the aerial parts of which contain lagochilin (quaternary alcohol), essential oil, tannins, carotene, preparations from which are used to reduce bleeding in hemorrhagic diatheses, hemorrhoidal, nasal and other bleeding; nettle leaves (Roiia

Describes), which contains ascorbic acid (0.1-0.2 95), carotene, vitamin K, tannins, because mineral salts and other substances, preparations from which are used for pulmonary, renal,

uterine and gastric bleeding; yarrow herb (Neba Miiyentoii), which contains the alkaloid achilein, ascorbic acid, carotene, vitamin K, tannins, essential oil, organic acids, resins, preparations from which are used for uterine and gastric bleeding against the background of inflammatory processes, fibroids, etc.; pepper mustard herb (Negbra Roiudopi puagoriregiv), which contains quercetin, rutin and other flavonoids, tannins, and where the content of flavonoids (in terms of quercetin) is at least 0.5 95; drugs from which are used to reduce the permeability of blood vessels and increase blood clotting ability; kidney mustard herb (Negba Roiudopi regzisagiae), which contains flavonoids, glycosides, ascorbic acid, etc. and preparations from which are used as a hemostatic agent, mainly for hemorrhoidal bleeding, the effect of which is associated with a moderate hemostatic effect, as well as a relaxing effect; viburnum bark (Sopeh Mirigpi oriiii), which contains tannins (at least 4965), salts of organic acids and other substances, and preparations from which are used as a hemostatic agent mainly for uterine bleeding; arnica flowers (Rioge5 Agpisaye), which contain essential oil, tannins, bitter arnicine, gum, mineral salts and other substances, and preparations from which are used as a hemostatic agent in obstetric and gynecological practice for insufficient retrograde development of the uterus and inflammatory diseases; oak bark, which contains tannins. The specified means are not suitable for use to stop massive bleeding, because their form of release, storage conditions, weak hemostatic effect, the need to prepare a solution immediately before use, medical purpose do not meet the requirements for means to quickly stop massive bleeding in large and medium injuries (including shrapnel and gunshot wounds) mainly on the battlefield at the stage of providing self-, mutual and first unqualified pre-medical and medical aid.

Known hemostatic agents can be divided into 2 types, solid or applied on a carrier, and agents in the form of solutions for external and internal (injection) use.

Means on carriers can be classified into two types - based on chitosan and based on kaolin. Chitosan includes various forms of hemostatic agents from SeYoh M brands (companies

Mesigade Rhodysiv (a, pyruLymly.seiokhteaisaY.sot/), Siyo-5BAM'M (ZAM Medisa company!

Rhodysiv, PiR/Lumly. zatteaisa!.sot/rgodisiv/spyo-zat/) and SppobSace"m (companies NetsSop,

Koo) pEruLlymly. petsop.sotu/).

According to the inventors, Seoh"M material has a number of significant disadvantages, such as the presence of granules on the surface of the carrier, which can enter the bloodstream through damaged vessels and cause thrombosis. Also, the material in the form of a bandage has a significant thickness and density, which can complicate the tamponade of narrow openings In addition, Seiyuoh"M granules have low hydrophilicity and blood affinity, which increases the time of blood seepage and swelling of the material.

The material SpyobSatsyle"m vne contains granules - thanks to this, the possibility of their getting into the bloodstream is excluded, but chitosan has low hydrophilicity.

OptsikSioiMm (57604819 B2, 0O58114433 B2, 58257732 B2, 58383148 B2, 58343537 B21) belongs to the kaolin agents on the carrier. Hemostatics in the form of powders based on kaolin (or zeolites) are also known - OtsikSioi7M of the first and second generations, Hemostop with "M with the addition of calcium compounds) (pEr:/Lymly.detovior.gy/) and NaethosSeg"m (modified natural polysaccharide). Powders based on dried kaolin or zeolite (OtsikSiOi mm in the form of powder and sachets with powder in waterproof packaging, as well as Hemostop m ) led to an increase in the temperature in the wound environment, which led to thermal burns and severe pain, and also greatly complicated the surgical treatment of the wound, the removal of microparticles of the active substance. The use of kaolin applied (glued) to the carrier eliminates complications during the surgical treatment of the wound, and the previous hydration of the active substance (kaolin) also excludes the heating of the substance in the wound, however, in our opinion, the hydrophilicity of the material (based only on kaolin y or zeolite) and its absorbent and adhesive characteristics are insufficient to quickly and successfully stop profuse bleeding.

Hemostatics in the form of gel are also used, especially in veterinary medicine, for example with Zupaego "m Netozbviais sei (per//mlum.petsop.sopt/Rhodysiv/Zupaego.azrh). The use of gel has a number of advantages - the density of wound filling, soft contact with tissues of the body, the ease of surgical cleaning of the wound (in contrast to powders), however, the use of a gel without a carrier material and its physical action may not be sufficient to stop significant bleeding, such as arterial bleeding.

Liquid hemostatics for external use based on salts of polyacrylic acid:

Hemolok"m (Feracryl) (based on iron polyacrylate) and Hemoblok"m (silver polyacrylate solution) are prescribed to stop minor bleeding, for example, capillary, bone or bleeding in dentistry, and in principle, are unable to stop significant bleeding due to the impossibility of using liquid for tamponade

Liquid injectable hemostatic agents - Caprofer'm (iron chloride (I), epsilon-aminocaproic acid, sodium chloride), vitamin K, etamsylate and others have a biological effect (inhibitors or catalysts of certain processes) on general hemostasis, so they can have a side effect effect (for example, to increase the probability of thrombosis), therefore, they are prescribed only by a qualified doctor in the conditions of an inpatient examination.

The most common are hemostatic agents (GH) in the form of dressings (PA). Thus, it is known (pEr:/Limliu.2pauiomag.gy/5/KiIazziiikasiua i hagakiegivyKa2.piti) that hemostatic agents (GS3), namely dressings (P3) are ready-made products for use as intended, and which, depending on the form, consist of a group that includes bandages, bags, napkins, plasters, tampons, aerosols (sprayable foams and sprayable films), wound dressings; and where software, depending on the form, are bandages, bags, napkins, plasters, tampons; and where bandages, which are bandages made of cotton-viscose gauze in the form of rolls of certain sizes; and where the bandages are predominantly 10mx10cm, 10mx10cm, 5mx10cm, 5mx5cm, 5mx7/cm, 7mx10cm, 7mx14cm, 7mx7cm and are available in both secondary and individual packaging; and where sterile gauze bandages are produced in sizes 5 mx10 cm, 5 mx7 cm, 7 mx14 cm in individual packaging; and where plaster bandages contain plaster, which after wetting is applied to injured parts of the body in order to fix them, which are used mostly in traumatology, and are produced in sizes Z mx10 cm, Z mx15 cm, Z mx20 cm in individual packaging, and which in recent years have become produce with PVA plasticizer to improve their consumer properties; and where the elastic bandage is made of strict cotton yarn, in the basis of which rubber threads are woven, which dramatically increase the elasticity of the bandage, and which are not sterilized and are used for non-rigid tightening of soft tissues; and where the tubular bandage is a seamless tube of hydrophilic material, and its elasticity is provided by a knitted type of weaving, and which is produced with a diameter of several sizes for use on different areas of the upper and lower extremities; and where a special type of tubular bandages are net bandages, which are

From a mesh tube of different diameters, which is twisted in the form of a roll, from which a piece of the required length is cut in order to fix the surgical bandage on the wound; and where the hydrophilic bandage has the ability to absorb water and is produced in two versions: sterile and non-sterile (width 4-20 cm); and where the bandage is starched, which is made of starched gauze or organza and is used as a strengthening material on top of hydrophilic bandages (it can "dry" directly on the wound, damage the skin in places of bending); and where the bandage is sticky, which contains zinc and is an ordinary bandage, on which a thin layer of paste is applied, which contains glycerin, gelatin, sodium chloride, zinc oxide, and which belongs to medical drugs, and which "sits down" when it dries and the tongue becomes very tight, and which is used where it is necessary to avoid tissue swelling, for example, in inflammatory skin diseases; and where non-sterile gauze bandages are produced in sizes 10 mx16 cm, 10 mx10 cm, 5 mx10 cm,

Bmx5 cm, 5 mx7 cm, 7 mx10 cm, 7 mx14 cm, 7 mx7 cm in both secondary and individual packaging; and where PGs are manufactured from PM and are finished products for intended use and which include such groups as bandages, sachets, napkins, plasters, tampons, aerosols (sprayable foams and sprayable films), wound dressings; and where in the group of napkins there is a distinction between dressing napkins (for example, gauze napkins) and medical napkins (for example, Coletex M napkins); and where gauze napkins are double-layered pieces of gauze measuring 16x14 cm, 45x29 cm, etc., and which as sterile napkins are produced in packages of 5, 10, 40 pieces, non-sterile - 100 pieces; and where the napkins are medicinal, which are a composite medicinal form, which is a medicinal biopolymer on a substrate (most often fabric), in which a medicinal substance is immobilized, or a fabric base that is impregnated with a medicinal substance; and where "Coletex" Mm napkins are a composite software, which is a layer of a special textile material as a carrier for a biopolymer (sodium alginate) that has a therapeutic effect, or a tissue base that is impregnated with a drug, and which contain hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, wound-healing agents and painkillers (furagin, chlorhexidine, propolis, sodium alginate, urea, metronidazole) in various combinations, and which are intended for use as a therapeutic and preventive agent for the primary closure of injured tissues, sutured wounds, for the closure of infected and granulating wounds, trophic ulcers , burns, bedsores, and which are packed in primary packaging in the form of a sterile (inside) paper bag and secondary packaging - cardboard boxes; and "Coletex" M-AKL" hydrogel wipes with sodium alginate, v-aminocaproic acid and lidocaine, intended for use as blood-stopping agents (during planned and emergency surgical interventions, when providing emergency aid in case of injury conditions accompanied by external bleeding at work, at home, in traffic accidents, etc.);

and where the dressing packs are a ready-made bandage to be applied to the wound in order to prevent it from contamination, infection and blood loss, and where the individual dressing packs include a sterile hydrophilic bandage (7 cmx5 m), a cotton pad

(13.5x11 cm), which can be sewn to the beginning of the bandage, and a pin for securing the ends of the bandage;

and where the cotton-gauze pads are impregnated with a solution of sulema, and where the mentioned packages are distinguished by two types - small and large, in which there are one or two pads (one is sewn to the beginning of the bandage, the second is free), and where individual dressing packages are made so , so that sterility is not violated during constant wear, and in which, if the protective shell is violated, the core of the package remains sterile;

and where the specified pads are made in such a way that they stick weakly to the wound (they do not dry well to exuding wounds);

and where tampon dressings are a small piece of cotton wool or dressing cloth used to close a wound or ulcer or to stop bleeding (especially during surgery to remove blood from dissected vessels);

and where plasters used as PP, taking into account the purpose of application, belong to fixing and covering plasters, and where covering plasters may additionally contain a medicinal substance, and where fixing plasters are used in surgery and traumatology to secure bandages, and where covering plasters are used in dermatology for the treatment of a number of diseases or mechanical damage to the epidermis, and where dressing plasters are usually combined under the conventional name "adhesive plaster", and which in appearance are divided into ribbons and strips and, as a rule, have a sticky (adhesive) on one side ) layer, and among which a gauze pad is attached on the sticky side of the covering adhesive plasters, which is impregnated with a medicine, (for example, a bactericidal plaster), and which are represented by industrial samples,

in particular "Leukoplasty", "Siofaplast", "Trikoplast", "Santavik", etc., and which can additionally be in the form of perforated plasters on a paper base under the trade names "Leukopor", "Betabant", etc., and which in particular include plasters "Uniplast", including: fixing tape, adhesive medical tape, sizes 500x10 cm, 500x1.25 cm, 500x2.5 cm, 500x0.5 cm, which is produced in rolls with a protective coating, and smaller size on coils, and in in which the basis of the tape is a viscoelastic fabric, a non-woven fabric is adhesive, and where "Uniplast Plus" strips ensure reliable fixation of the bandage, protect the wound from microbes, do not cause allergic reactions and skin irritation, do not leave traces on the skin and clothes;

and where plasters are produced in various sizes and configurations, including rectangular or round shapes on a fixing sticky tape with or without perforation and in packages of 8, 10, 20 pieces. of one standard size and in the form of sets of 10, 16, 24, 30 pcs. products of various shapes and sizes, and where among the dressing strips are waterproof, hypoallergenic, elastic (convenient for use in the joint area), and where the Band-Aid series of antimicrobial plasters is produced by the Johnson & Johnson company, which are made of non-woven of material that does not stick to the wound, contains the antiseptic benzalkonium chloride, is transparent, and the adhesive coating fixes the patch on the skin, does not cause irritation, and the sizes of which are 7 x 2 cm, 4 x 1 cm, 4 x 4 cm, and which are packaged as sets of different sizes (24 pcs.), and among which antiseptic water-resistant, antiseptic fabric are suitable for protecting wounds on bends;

and where the medical sponges are hemostatic, gelatinous, collagenous, alginate, and where the medical sponges are a dosed or undosed medicinal form, which is a porous mass of various sizes and shapes, containing medicinal and auxiliary substances (mainly polymeric materials), and which have the form of plates of various sizes (50x50, 100x100, 90x90, 240x140 mm, etc.), which are obtained mainly from the skin or tendons of cattle, seaweed and which are produced in sterile packaging;

and where the hemostatic sponge is made from human blood plasma with the addition of calcium chloride and ε-aminocaproic acid and is a dry, porous substance of white color with a yellowish tint, and which is applied locally, and which gradually dissolves in the wound, and which contains thrombin, fibrin, aminocaproic acid, and which is produced in vials, and which can be made with collagen;

and where the absorbable gelatin sponge is a hardened, sterile foam that is soluble in water, and which is resorbable in the tissues of the body, and which is intended to stop bleeding during surgical operations, and a variety of which is the gelatin-starch sponge, which serves for the same purpose; and where collagen sponges are sterile porous plates obtained from collagen, and which have resorption, hemostatic and weak adhesive properties, thanks to which they are widely used for wound dressings, and which are often combined with various natural polymers and medicinal substances (for example, with chitosan, pectin , antibiotics, etc.), which allows to significantly improve their consumer properties; and where industrial samples of sponges include, in particular, the Algipore sponge, which is made of alginate and which is sterile and is applied to a wound and absorbs secretions from the wound and dissolves over time, and which contains medicinal substances that actively promote healing, and which it is used for the treatment of trophic ulcers, bedsores, and thanks to its complete resorption, it can be used in operations on internal organs, Algimaf sponge, which is a modification of Algipore, and which contains a different set of antiseptic substances, and promotes accelerated healing of wounds; and where wound dressings, which are intended mainly for the treatment of chronic wounds, and their composition and types depend on the type of wound and the stage of the treatment process (the main stages of treatment: cleaning, removal of organic substances, granulation, vascularization, epithelization), and which are released in the form of alginate, spongy, hydrogel and hydrocolloid coatings, 3 of which manufacture bandages designed to absorb wound exudate and control the state of wound hydration, and where vapor-permeable films and membranes are also used as wound coatings; and where absorbent (adsorbing) perforated coverings solve the problem of mesh dressing materials sticking to wounds with exudate from a weak to moderate amount; and where as one of the examples of the industrial implementation of such coatings, the Austrian company "MEMSOMEO" produces the adsorbing wound coating "Tahocomb", which is intended for hemostasis and gluing of tissues, especially during surgical interventions on the parenchyma of various organs (liver, spleen, etc.), in gynecology, urology, vascular surgery, traumatology, etc., and where "Tahocomb" is a collagen plate covered with a special fibrin glue that contains fibrinogen, thrombin, riboflavin, etc., and where a "Tahocomb" plate applied to a wound is absorbed in the human body within 3- 6 weeks, and which is produced in sealed packaging and

Zo is used under conditions of strict sterility, and the dimensions of its plates are 9.5x4.8x0.5 cm; 1 pc. in a package, in a pack of 5 or 10 pcs.; and where the films are wound, which are usually sterile perforated sheets of different colors (yellow, dark blue, colorless, etc.), depending on the antiseptics included in their composition, and which are of different types, in particular "Aseplen", "Vynyplen ", "Biokol-1", "Mazodept-5", and where the polyvinyl alcohol aseptic film "Aseplen" is intended for the treatment of infected wounds, I-I degree burns, for the temporary closure of transplanted skin autografts and donor areas, and which is produced in three modifications : with dioxidin ("Aseplen-D"), with iodine (Aseplen-i!"), with catapol ("Aseplen-K"), and which is hydrophilic, is easily modeled on the wound, and thanks to the perforated holes does not prevent the outflow of wound secretions and provides a prolonged antimicrobial effect, is easily removed from the surface of the wound, creates a gentle scab and favorable conditions for regeneration processes in the wound, prevents the development of infectious complications; and where the perforated polyvinyl alcohol film "Viniplen" is intended for the treatment of donor wounds x places during dermatomal dermal plastic surgery and can also be used for temporary closure of flat wounds of other etiology, in cosmetology, etc., and which is non-toxic, shortens the time of wound treatment, allows you to avoid treating them with tanning disinfectant solutions, does not injure the wound and has good drainage properties; and where the film with vaseline "Mavzodept-5", which is made on the basis of specially treated cotton fabric and impregnated with a neutral ointment containing anhydrous wax, liquid vaseline, fish oil, Peruvian balsam, and which is used for the treatment of fresh and oozing wounds, burns, nail peeling, ulcers, phimosis operations, skin transplants, plastic surgery and various skin injuries, and which does not stick to the wound, absorbs secretions, improves granulation and epithelization, prevents secondary infection, has an antiseptic effect; and where the biological wound covering "Biokol-1" is a transparent, elastic, porous film that is reliably self-fixed on the wound, helps to stimulate regeneration, which leads to the acceleration of wound healing, and which has an absolute atraumatic, pain-relieving effect and is used for the treatment of burns, trophic ulcers, protection of donor sites and autografts; and where bandages are a fabric applied to a wound or part of the body to protect it from external influences and accelerate healing;

and where aseptic dressings are made of sterile dressing material (one or two cotton-gauze pads, gauze bandage and fixator) and are intended to protect against microbial contamination and other contamination of wound surfaces; and where "EElafom" synthetic dressings are intended for the treatment of various wounds, including burns, and are produced in single packages and are sterile, and their use allows you to halve the number and duration of dressings; and where various dressings are produced as a kind of wound coverings that absorb exudates and show a therapeutic effect due to the content of various medicinal substances (absorbent, deodorizing, primary viscose, povidone-iodine, etc.), and which contain immobilized enzymes, for example "Dalceks -trypsin", "Lax-trinsin", "Dalzeks-Collitin", and are a cellulose or polycaproamide carrier with immobilized proteolytic enzymes, in particular trypsin or with lysozyme, collitin, and are used in surgery for the treatment of purulent-necrotic wounds at the stage of hydration and also bedsores, ulcers of various etiologies, burns (per:/Llumly.2pauyumag.gy/5/KiIazznKasiua i hagakiegizika2.ptti).

However, the specified hemostatic agents are unsuitable for use in the field to stop massive (critical) bleeding, because in such conditions first aid is mainly provided 1) by non-specialists or independently, 2) in an extremely short time, 3) in unfavorable conditions, 4) with additional danger to the person providing assistance.

Also, the indicated means are not suitable for use, because their form of release, storage conditions, weak hemostatic effect, the need to prepare solutions immediately before use and medical purpose do not meet the requirements for means to quickly stop massive bleeding in large and medium injuries (including shrapnel and gunshot wounds ) mainly on the battlefield at the stage of providing self-, mutual and first unqualified pre-medical and medical aid. In addition to time limitations and opportunities for assistance, there is the issue of transporting the wounded to a place where he can be provided with qualified medical assistance. At the stage of transportation, as a result of the impossibility of ensuring complete rest of the wounded and careful transportation, bleeding may occur, which leads to additional blood loss.

List of figures:

From fig. 1-5 - mesh structure of the carrier; fig. 6 - the structure of the medium and the "napkin" tool; fig. 7-14 - two-dimensional means (carriers); fig. 15 - window bandage with additional bandages and fasteners for fixation, as well as tampons; fig. 16-17 - tampons; fig. 18-21 - narrow Tampons "Sticks" and "Cord" with additional applicators; fig. 22-24 - tampons in the form of "Pockets", "Pillows", incl. with additional hemostatic agents inside; fig. 25 - hemostatic agents consisting of hemostatic agents in the form of a gel, a bag in the form of a corrugated bandage and a syringe; fig. 26 - different options for filling a syringe with hemostatic agents and its execution; fig. 27 - hemostatic means consisting of hemostatic means in the form of tampons (including compressed ones) and hemostatic composition and their combinations, a bag in the form of a corrugated bandage and a syringe; fig. 28 - "Necklace" hemostatic agent, filled with compressed hemostatic agents in the form of connected balls; Fig. 29, 30 - spray and tube; fig. 31 - examples of radiopaque hemostatic composition and means; fig. 32 - illustrates the influence of the composition of the hemostatic composition on the timing of the process of formation of a fibrin thread (fiber) (start time and end time of this process).

The useful model is based on the task of creating a composition of hemostatic agents (HA) suitable for combination (combination) with the selected carrier and manufacturing a hemostatic agent to stop massive (critical) bleeding for use by choosing the optimal qualitative and quantitative composition of hemostatic agents (HA) on the battlefield and in disaster medicine, other conditions that require rapid assistance by non-specialists.

The basis of the creative idea was the idea of developing a composition of hemostatic agents (HGA) capable of reliably binding (enveloping) solid dust-like particles of mostly inorganic hemostatic agents, and thus preventing dust formation, and where the selected carrier is intended for combination with the specified composition, would have such physico-mechanical and physico-chemical properties that ensure its suitability for connection with a composition of hemostatic agents to obtain a hemostatic agent, which by its properties is suitable for use as a means to stop massive (critical) bleeding on the battlefield, in disaster medicine.

As a result of conducting a number of experiments, it was found that the hemostatic composition, which contains moisture-retaining, dust-inhibiting binders, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, provides the following characteristics of a hemostatic agent: shortening the time of the beginning and end of thrombus formation, prevention of drying of the clot, increased retention of moisture in the clot. Due to the fact that the process of clot formation begins 30 seconds after using the product, bleeding is largely stopped. Due to the fact that at the end of the 2nd minute, the formation of a clot ends, it becomes possible to quickly transport the injured person to a place where he can be provided with qualified medical assistance.

The composition of hemostatic agents consists of a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent, a binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent, an inorganic hemostatic agent, an organic hemostatic agent, which is produced in the form of a powder, solution, suspension, foam, paste, gel.

When in contact with blood, each of the agents performs its role (function). Given that blood is a liquid substance consisting of formed elements (erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes) dispersed in blood plasma containing various proteins (albumin, fibrinogen, etc.), amino acids and electrolytes (sodium, calcium salts), and in which the homeostasis of its components is maintained, at a constant level of pH value (pH-7.2), ionic strength, viscosity. At the same time, many components contained in blood plasma (calcium, fibrinogen, etc.) and in its constituent elements (platelets) are key factors of blood coagulation, which take part in various processes occurring in the process of hemostasis. Therefore, it is clear that an additional (artificial) disturbance of harmony in this complex system, which is blood, which is characterized not only by its biochemical composition and biological (biochemical and physiological) functions, but also by certain physical, physicochemical and chemical properties, can be caused in particular, by increasing blood viscosity (for example, due to the use of moisture-retaining agents, which can concentrate blood due to intensive absorption of water (moisture). This insignificant, at first glance, effect can cause changes in blood pH value, its viscosity, ionic strength. In turn, these changes can lead to changes in the native conformation of proteins, including enzymes that are factors of blood coagulation, thereby activating and accelerating the process of blood coagulation. In addition, the concentration of blood should promote and accelerate the formation of fibrin threads and the formation of a spatial network from them , on which platelets stick. The same reasons can cause the destruction of the native tertiary structure of white blood cells blood vessels and their coagulation, which should also contribute to hemostasis (except when proteins, which are factors of the blood coagulation system, coagulate).

It is also clear that chemical compounds, substances or materials that are able to significantly affect the ionic strength of blood plasma due to a decrease in the content of electrolytes in it (or vice versa due to their significant increase) or due to changes in the value of blood pH due to the binding of low molecular weight ligands (amino acids, carboxylic acids) or vice versa, saturating it (blood) with ligands, which, in addition to influencing the pH value, can also bind to blood proteins, causing changes in their native conformation and their coagulation. Such compounds, which can significantly affect the ionic strength of blood plasma, include inorganic hemostatic agents, in particular zeolites, modified activated carbon, some clays, orthotitanic acid, etc., as well as various organic hemostatic agents, in particular carboxymethylcellulose, polyacrylic acid, alginic acid, etc. Among inorganic hemostatic agents, in particular, various modified clays, inorganic oxides with an acidic or alkaline surface form, etc., and among organic hemostatic agents, in particular carboxymethylcellulose and its salts, polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone, belong to such compounds that can significantly affect changes in blood pH , chitosan, etc.

These agents can simultaneously perform several functions. So, for example, a moisture-retaining agent (in particular, CMC, alginic acid and their salts) can simultaneously perform the function of a binding dust suppressant hemostatic agent and an organic hemostatic agent. An inorganic hemostatic agent, in addition to performing the function of a large foreign surface for liquid blood, which accelerates the start of the blood coagulation system by various (combined) mechanisms, due to chemical features (for example, if it contains calcium), due to a large surface of contact with liquid blood, can in many points of the "volume of blood", and not only from the surface of the indicated volume of blood into this volume (as it happens in the absence of a hemostatic agent), to start the mechanism of blood coagulation and, above all, the mechanism of formation of fibrin fibers, embryos which are formed on the surface of the particles of an inorganic hemostatic agent, and quickly spread in the "volume of blood" in all directions and at the same time form a network of fibrin fibers to which platelets stick, and a dense homogeneous clot is gradually formed.

As mentioned above, the effect of hemostatic agents on hemostasis can be not only positive, but also negative. Therefore, it is important to choose not only the optimal qualitative composition of the hemostatic composition, but also its quantitative composition, especially taking into account the fact that the hemostatic agents included in its composition simultaneously have several hemostatic functions, as mentioned above. The amount of the appropriate hemostatic agent in the hemostatic composition should be sufficient, but not excessive, to show the maximum positive effect on hemostasis, and at the same time negative effects should be minimized. In addition, an excess of one of the hemostatic agents, for example, a dust suppressant, can significantly reduce or completely eliminate the positive effect, for example, of an inorganic hemostatic agent, due to blocking the surface of the particles of the latter and, accordingly, preventing blood access to them. At the same time, one should also take into account the possibility of chemical and physicochemical interaction between hemostatic agents included in the hemostatic composition. The consequence of such interactions can be a cooperative or anti-cooperative hemostatic effect of hemostatic agents in the hemostatic composition.

A detailed description of the useful model.

Blood, which is a liquid connective tissue, is a polydisperse system - a suspension of formed elements (erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes) in plasma (in which whites form a colloidal solution, and all other organic substances and inorganic salts form a true solution).

Blood plasma is 5 95 of human body weight and consists of water (90 95), proteins (7.8 90), among which there are albumins (70 95), globulins, fibrinogen and factors (II, M, MI, X), coagulation of blood, fats (0.8-1 95), glucose (0.12 95), urea and uric acid (0.5 90), mineral salts (0.9 9b), of which the majority belongs to Mass, Ca salts , K, Mod. This concentration is maintained at a constant level. Proteins provide a certain viscosity of the blood, which increases with water loss, which can lead to the formation of blood clots. The blood buffer system (pH-7.2-7.4) is provided by 15 95 blood proteins (due to the zwitterionic equilibrium between their amino groups and carboxyl

With groups), and by 8595 weak acids and their salts (mainly carbonate and phosphate buffers).

Based on this, it is clear that in addition to starting the native blood coagulation mechanism, any action that will lead to the concentration of blood (increasing its viscosity) due to the rapid removal of water, binding (extraction) of inorganic salts and drastic changes in pH, which will inevitably lead to coagulation of proteins, should contribute to blood hemostasis, excluding coagulation of coagulation factors and removal of calcium ions.

The natural process of blood coagulation (hemostasis) is a chain enzymatic process in which blood coagulation factors are sequentially activated on the matrix of phospholipids, which are OsSKOLLKKs (fragments) of membranes of destroyed cells, vessel walls, tissues, formed elements of blood, and get into the blood, and are formed their complexes. Phospholipids of cell membranes act as catalysts for the interaction and activation of coagulation factors, accelerating the course of the hemocoagulation process.

Since in our case we are talking about stopping massive bleeding, we are interested in the mechanism of hemostasis (which occurs in three phases) in external (tissue) rather than internal (blood) blood coagulation systems. The external pathway is triggered by tissue thromboblastin (phospholipids), which is released from the walls of the damaged vessel and surrounding tissues. In the first phase, tissue platelet prothrombinase is formed quickly (5-10 seconds), the impetus for its formation is the appearance of tissue thromboblastin in the blood. Immediately after the appearance of prothrombinase in its phase, as a result of sorption by prothrombinase, prothrombin on its surface is quickly (2-5 s) transformed (with the participation of factors M, X and Sagzh) into thrombin. In the first phase, the process of converting fibrinogen into fibrin takes place, which takes place in three stages: in the first stage, under the influence of thrombin, an ash-like fibrin monomer is formed from fibrinogen; at the second stage, under the influence of Ca2 ions, polymerization of fibrin monomers occurs and fibrin polymer is formed (soluble fibrin "5"); at the third stage, final or insoluble fibrin "1" is formed with the participation of factor XII and fibrinase of tissues, platelets, and erythrocytes.

Fibrinase ensures the formation of strong peptide bonds between neighboring fibrin-polymer molecules, which cements fibrin, increases its mechanical strength and resistance to fibrinolysis. The formation of fibrin completes the formation of a blood clot.

It is clear that with massive bleeding, the content of thromboblastin in different areas of the bleeding is different (it is unevenly distributed throughout the volume of blood flowing out), as a result of which the processes in different areas occur at different speeds.

Therefore, when creating the composition of hemostatic agents and hemostatic agents based on it, the peculiarities of the hemostasis mechanism were taken into account.

The composition of hemostatic agents consists of a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent, a binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent, an inorganic hemostatic agent, an organic hemostatic agent, which is produced in the form of a powder, solution, suspension, foam, paste, gel.

When in contact with blood, each of the agents performs its role (function). Given that blood is a liquid substance consisting of formed elements (erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes) dispersed in blood plasma containing various proteins (albumin, fibrinogen, etc.), amino acids and electrolytes (sodium, calcium salts), and in which the homeostasis of its components is maintained, at a constant level of pH value (pH-7.2), ionic strength, viscosity. At the same time, many components contained in blood plasma (calcium, fibrinogen, etc.) and in its constituent elements (platelets) are key factors of blood coagulation, which take part in various processes occurring in the process of hemostasis. Therefore, it is clear that an additional (artificial) disturbance of harmony in this complex system, which is blood, which is characterized not only by its biochemical composition and biological (biochemical and physiological functions), but also by certain physical, physicochemical and chemical properties, can be caused in particular, an increase in blood viscosity (for example, due to the use of moisture-retaining agents, which can concentrate blood due to intensive absorption of water (moisture). This insignificant, at first glance, event can cause changes in blood pH, its viscosity, ionic strength. In turn, these changes can lead to changes in the native conformation of proteins, including enzymes that are factors of blood coagulation, thereby activating and accelerating the process of blood coagulation. In addition, the concentration of blood should promote and accelerate the formation of fibrin threads and the formation of a spatial the mesh to which platelets adhere.The same causes can cause the destruction of the native tertiary structure blood proteins and their coagulation, which should also contribute to hemostasis (except when coagulating proteins that are

With factors of the blood coagulation system).

It is also clear that chemical compounds, substances or materials that are able to significantly affect the ionic strength of blood plasma due to a decrease in the content of electrolytes in it (or vice versa due to their significant increase) or due to changes in the value of blood pH due to the binding of low molecular weight ligands (amino acids, carboxylic acids) or vice versa, saturating it (blood) with ligands, which, in addition to influencing the pH value, can also bind to blood proteins, causing changes in their native conformation and their coagulation. Such compounds that can significantly affect the ionic strength of blood plasma include inorganic hemostatic agents, in particular zeolites, modified activated carbon, some clays, orthotitanic acid, etc., as well as various organic hemostatic agents, in particular carboxymethylcellulose, polyacrylic acid, alginic acid, etc. Among inorganic hemostatic agents, in particular, various modified clays, inorganic oxides with an acidic or alkaline surface form, etc., and among organic hemostatic agents, in particular carboxymethylcellulose and its salts, polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone, chitosan, etc.

These agents can simultaneously perform several functions. So, for example, a moisture-retaining agent (in particular, CMC, alginic acid and its salts) can simultaneously perform the function of a binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent and an organic hemostatic agent. An inorganic hemostatic agent, in addition to performing the function of a large foreign surface for liquid blood, which accelerates the start of the blood coagulation system by various (combined) mechanisms, due to chemical features (for example, if it contains calcium), due to a large contact surface with liquid blood, can in many points of the blood volume, and not only from the surface of the specified blood volume to the inside of this volume (as happens in the absence of CSF), to start the mechanism of blood coagulation and, above all, the mechanism of formation of fibrin fiber, the nuclei of which are formed on the surface particles of an inorganic hemostatic agent, and quickly spread in the volume of blood in all directions and at the same time form a network of fibrin fibers to which platelets stick and gradually form a dense homogeneous clot.

As mentioned above, the effect of hemostatic agents on hemostasis can be not only positive, but also negative. Therefore, it is important to choose not only the optimal qualitative composition of the hemostatic composition, but also its quantitative composition, especially taking into account the fact that the hemostatic agents included in its composition simultaneously have several hemostatic functions, as mentioned above. The amount of the appropriate hemostatic agent in the hemostatic composition should be sufficient, but not excessive, to show the maximum positive effect on hemostasis, and at the same time negative effects should be minimized. In addition, an excess of one of the hemostatic agents, for example, a dust suppressant, can significantly reduce or completely eliminate the positive effect, for example, of an inorganic hemostatic agent, due to blocking the surface of the particles of the latter and, accordingly, preventing blood access to them. At the same time, one should also take into account the possibility of chemical and physicochemical interaction between hemostatic agents included in the hemostatic composition. The consequence of such interactions can be a cooperative or anti-cooperative hemostatic effect of hemostatic agents in the hemostatic composition.

The solution to the problem was obtained as a result of experiments, the results of which are shown in fig. 32. It was unexpectedly found that the combination of known hemostatic agents together in one hemostatic agent as a result gives a positive result (improvement of the hemostatic effect, for example, of two components (hemostatic agents), in comparison with the individual effects of these components.

To compare the hemostatic action of various hemostatic agents - moisture-retaining, binding (dust suppressing), inorganic and organic, one of the key processes of hemostasis was chosen, namely the process of fibrin fiber (thread) formation, and the so-called "Fibrin thread model" was used (Normal Physiology / Under the editorship of V.I. Filimonov. - K.: Zdorovya, 1994. - p. 272-283. Human physiology / Under the editorship of P. Kosytskyi. - Moscow: Medicine, 1984. - p. 217- 226. Human Physiology: In Volumes / Translated from English / Edited by R. Schmidt and H. Tevs. - Moscow: Mir, 1996. - Vol. 2 - Sat. 430-439. William F. Ganong . Human physiology / Translation from English - Lviv: Bak, 2002), with the help of which the time after which the formation of a fibrin thread begins from the moment of contact of fresh donor blood with the research material and the time during which this process is completed, as well as the course process of erythrocyte agglutination. Some of the results of these experiments, for example, are shown in fig. 32.

The samples were prepared as follows: first, a solution or suspension of hemostatic agents was prepared and a composition of hemostatic agents was obtained, which consists of two, three, four

Zo etc. components in the form of a solution or suspension. Then the specified compositions were brought into interaction with various types of carriers - woven, non-woven, knitted, in any arbitrary way, and dry samples of hemostatic agents were obtained, which consist of a carrier combined with one, two, three, four, etc. hemostatic agents.

A brief description of the methodology of the experiment.

The samples were prepared as follows: samples of fresh donor blood (from the same donor) were taken each time from a fresh puncture, a drop of blood was applied to a flat slide with the material placed on top of it, and covered with another slide, the prepared sample was immediately placed under the microscope objective (to observe the nature of agglutination) and thus already observed the interaction of a drop of blood with a sample of hemostatic material (the time period from the beginning of blood sampling to the beginning of observation is 10h-41s). The same blood from the same sample was used for the fibrin fiber experiment. For this, a drop of blood was placed on a slide with a recess with a material sample placed in it. And immediately, the specialist with special movements of the needle monitors the appearance of fibrin fibers in the blood layer directly adjacent to the material and records (with the help of a timer) the time of the beginning of the formation of fibrin fibers from fibrinogen and the end time of the formation of fibrin fibers in the blood sample (drop) on the glass or on a sample of the material located on the glass.

The agglutination of erythrocytes under a microscope and the appearance of fibrin on a slide were observed by two separate specialists at the same time on the same samples of the same material on the same blood.

Agglutination of erythrocytes was observed using a microscope (Carl Zeiss) in real time, changes in time were recorded using a timer. The procedure in all experiments was standard (the same).

In fig. 32. the results of the experiment on the formation of fibrin fibers from samples of donor blood on various samples of hemostatic materials are given (lines on the graph connect the points that show the time (s) when fibrin fiber formation begins (her) and ends (y2) for the samples : Mo 1 (glass surface); Mo 2 (non-woven carrier); Mo C (knitted carrier); Mo 4 (woven carrier); Mo 5 (GSZ per:/Lymlu.seiochteaisai.sot/ Seiiioh"M); Mo 6 ( GSZ (57604819 B2,

О5В8бФ114433 82, |И58257732 82, |И58383148 82, И58343537 В2| OpiKkSioi7M) Mo 7 (polyethylene glycol); Mo 8 (polyvinyl alcohol); Mo 9 (sodium alginate); Mo 10 (chitosan); Mo 11 bo (glycerin); Mo 12 (carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)); Me 13 (carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt); Mo 14 (polyvinylpyrrolidone); Mo 15 (bentonite); Mo 16 (kaolin); Mo 17 (titanium dioxide); Mo 18 (barium sulfate); Mo 19 (gallic acid); Mo 20 (polyacrylic acid); Mo 21 (tannin); Mo 2 (bentonite-CMC); Mo 23 (bentonite-tannin); Mo 24 (KMC-tannin); Mo 25 (kaolin-chitosan); Mo 26 (kaolin-sodium alginate).

For comparison, as a control in fig. 32 shows the time characteristics of the process of formation of a fibrin thread on the glass surface in the absence of contact of a drop of blood with hemostatic agents or hemostatic means (sample Mo 1). Since it was planned to use hemostatic agents in the form of a hemostatic agent (that is, a hemostatic agent connected to the same carrier) for the correctness of the comparison of hemostatic agents with each other, various textile carriers (woven, non-woven, knitted, etc.) were previously tested, the results of the study of some of which are also shown in Fig. for example and comparison. 32 (samples Mo 2, Mo Z, Mo 4, respectively). As can be seen from the comparison of samples Mo 2, Mo Z, Mo 4 with sample Mo 1 (Fig. 32), the carrier itself (but in a different way, possibly due to the different structure of the carriers) somewhat accelerates the process of fibrin thread formation and in to the greatest extent this applies to non-woven textiles (sample Mo 2). This is probably related to the launch of the native blood coagulation mechanism on the foreign body, and the acceleration of the fibrin thread formation process for these samples compared to glass (sample Mo 1) is possibly related to the concentration of various blood coagulation factors due to at least partial dehydration of the blood (adsorption moisture in the carrier) and, accordingly, an increase in its density and viscosity. At the same time, agglutination (sticking of erythrocytes) on the carrier material, for example, a sample of Mo 2, begins after 1 minute and ends at 3 minutes, but it has an uneven, focal (clustered) nature. Based on the above, one of the group of non-woven textile materials (sample Mo 2) was chosen as a carrier for the production of other samples. For comparison, the best hemostatic agents known today were also used - corrugated (7 - folded) field gauzes (bandages) of the third generation, which contain chitosan (trans:/Lymlu.seIohteasai!.sot/) Seioh"Mm (sample Mo 5) and kaolin (57604819 82, 58114433 B2, 58257732 B2, 58383148 B2, 58343537 B2| OmtsikSioi m (sample Mo 6).

It turned out that the time characteristics of the process of formation of fibrin thread for the means pErummly.seyuohteaisai.sot/Seioch "m (sample Mo 5), which is made of a dense non-woven carrier and chitosan, practically do not differ from the characteristics for a non-woven carrier (sample Mo 2) ,

However, agglutination for the Me 5 sample (in contrast to the Mo 2 sample) takes place quickly (1-2 minutes), evenly and with great density.

Unlike GSZ (per:/Lumly. seiohgpedisai.sot/ Seoh M) (sample Mo 5) GSZ (57604819 82, 58114433 B2, 58257732 B2, 58383148 B2, 58343537 B2| OcikSioi m (sample Mo 6), which is also produced from a non-woven carrier and kaolin, significantly accelerates the process of formation of a fibrin thread in comparison with the blood sample of ip migo (sample Mo 1) and the carrier (sample Mo 2), and in contrast to these samples, agglutination in the case of sample Mo 6 takes place quickly (beginning of 60 s , the end - 120 s) and evenly, with great density, but it begins and runs mainly along the fibers, which is possibly due to the action of kaolin particles that are attached to the fibers.

Further, for example in fig. 32 shows the results of the study of some of the samples made of a non-woven carrier and hemostatic agents (moisture-retaining, dust-repelling binders, inorganic and organic) both taken separately and in various combinations (pairs) with each other. So samples made using moisture-retaining hemostatic agents - polyethylene glycol (sample Mo 7), polyvinyl alcohol (sample Mo 8), sodium alginate (sample Mo 9), chitosan (sample Mo 10), glycerin (sample Mo 11). As can be seen from fig. 13, these samples have different effects on the speed of the fibrin thread formation process compared to, for example, the carrier (sample Mo 2), and most of them, with the exception of sample Mo 9, which contains sodium alginate, even inhibit this process. This is possibly due to the blocking of micropores that exist in the carrier, and through which, due to capillary forces, blood is absorbed into the carrier. In the case of alginate, which quickly swells and dissolves, some acceleration of the studied process may be due to its partial dissolution and direct contact with blood.

It should also be noted that sample Mo 10, which contains chitosan, is very close to GSZ per:/Lymly.seiokhttedisai!.sot/ Seiokh m (sample Mo 5) in terms of its characteristics. At the same time, these agents, for example glycerin (sample Mo 11), significantly slow down agglutination (90 s - the beginning, 180 s - weak, loose agglutination over the entire surface of the sample).

For samples made from binding (pilo-precipitating) hemostatic agents, for example, carboxymethyl cellulose (sample Mo 12), sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose (sample Mo 13), polyvinylpyrrolidone (sample Mo 14), in contrast to samples Mo 7 - Mo 11, which also have binding (dusting) properties, there is some acceleration of the fibrin fiber formation process compared to the carrier (sample Mo 2).

For samples made of inorganic hemostatic agents, for example, bentonite (sample Mo 15), kaolin (sample Mo 16), titanium dioxide (sample Mo 17), barium sulfate (sample Mo 18), in contrast to previous samples, a significant acceleration is observed (especially in the case of kaolin and bentonite) of the process of fibrin fiber formation compared to the carrier (sample Mo 2), which is probably related to the large surface of the particles of these substances, which is in contact with blood, and the differences in their behavior are due to their different chemical nature. It should be noted that the sample that contains kaolin (sample Mo 16) in terms of time characteristics is superior even to HOZ

ИО57604819 82, О58114433 B2, 0058257732 B2, 58383148 B2, 58343537 B21| OpikSioi tm (sample Mo b), not to mention GSZ (per:/mlumi.seiokhtedisai.sot/) Seoch"mM (sample Mo 5), WHICH may be explained by the presence of a dust-suppressing agent in sample Mo 6, which slightly reduces the contact surface of the clay with blood

Samples made from organic hemostatic agents, such as gallic acid (sample Mo 19), polyacrylic acid (sample Mo 20), tannin (sample Me 21), show approximately the same characteristics (Fig. 32) as the above-described samples with moisture-retaining and binding (dusting) hemostatic agents, which are also organic hemostatic agents. However, for example, for gallic acid (sample Mo 19) in contrast to carboxymethyl cellulose (sample Mo 12), the effect on erythrocyte agglutination is different. Yes, a sample

Mo 12 with CMC accelerates agglutination (beginning 40 s, end 150 s), but it has a focal, uneven character, with a significant number of voids (areas without agglutination), and the sample Mo 19 with gallic acid has a positive effect on the speed (beginning 60 s, 90 s - complete agglutination along the fibers, 120 s - complete agglutination over the entire surface of the sample, and the agglutination has a uniform, dense character. At the same time, the effect of, for example, CMC and tannin (samples Mo 12 and Mo 21, respectively) on accelerating the process of fibrin fiber formation is similar to by the effect of the carrier material, since these agents also have a moisture-adsorbing effect, which affects the concentration of blood coagulation factors and increases the concentration of blood-forming elements, however, CMC and tannin have different effects on agglutination.

Samples of hemostatic agents, which were made from a carrier and simultaneously two hemostatic agents, unexpectedly demonstrated both a positive and a negative cooperative hemostatic effect (synergism of action). So, in particular, in fig. 32, for example, is given

Here are the results for some of these samples (samples Mo 22 - Mo 25). As can be seen from fig. 32, two-component hemostatic agents (sample Mo 23, containing bentonite and tannin, and sample Mo 24, containing tannin and

KMC) are characterized by a significantly longer fibrin fiber formation time than monocomponent materials with bentonite, tannin and KMC (samples Mo 15, Mo 21, Mo 12, respectively), which is possibly explained by the retarding effect of tannin, which may be due to the fact that tannin causes albumin coagulation and other proteins contained in blood plasma, including blood coagulation factors (for example, cocoagulation of fibrinogen with albumin). Thanks to this, the indicated hemostatic agents, which are combined in one hemostatic agent (samples Mo 23, Mo 24), show an anti-cooperative hemostatic effect. The negative cooperative (anti-cooperative) effect is also manifested in the agglutination process. For example, for sample Mo 24 (KMIC-tannin), agglutination begins quickly, for 40 s, but due to the coagulation of albumin (perhaps due to the binding effect of tannin), a large number of microdroplets of water are released in the second minute, which seems to foam the blood and thus inhibits the formation of fibrin and agglutination of erythrocytes, which as a result does not lead to the formation of a normal blood clot, but leads to the fact that the blood acquires a resemblance to liquid jelly (gel).

Unlike samples Mo 23 (bentonite-tannin), Mo 24 (KMC-tannin), for two-component hemostatic agents (samples Mo 22 (bentonite-KMC), Me 25 (kaolin-chitosan), Mo 26 (kaolin- sodium alginate) a strongly expressed positive cooperative effect is observed. Thus, in particular, for the sample Mo 22 (bentonite-CMC), the formation of fibrin fibers begins (its) already at 35 seconds, and its formation is completed at 105 seconds (Yg). The cooperative effect for the sample Mo 22 (bentonite-CMC) is also found in the process of agglutination, which begins (yz) at 15 seconds, becomes complete along the fibers (y4) at 30 seconds, and at 60 seconds complete agglutination occurs over the entire surface of the sample (5). For comparison, the corresponding characteristics agglutination for samples Me 15 (bentonite) (I3-45 s, 4-60 s, и5-120 s) and Mo 12 (КМС) (и3-40 s, и5-150 s; agglutination has a focal character with a significant number of voids ( areas without agglutination) are significantly worse. For samples Mo 25 (kaolin-chitosan), Mo 26 (kaolin-sodium alginate) and just as for sample Mo 22 (bentonite-CMC), a pronounced cooperative effect is observed, which is evidenced, for example, by comparing the time of beginning (i) and completion (i) of fibrin fiber formation for sample Mo 25 (kaolin-chitosan) (1 -75 s; 12-:150 s) with samples Mo 10 (chitosan) (1-170 s; 125240 s) and Mo 16 (kaolin) (-110 s; 122-125 s) and sample Mo 26 (kaolin-sodium alginate) (11 -35 s; 12-140 s)

respectively, with samples Me 9 (sodium alginate) (11-140 s; 122-205 s) and Mo 16 (kaolin) (-110 s; 20-125 s).

Thus, the obtained results indicate that due to the manifestations of cooperative effects, hemostatic agents can enhance each other's hemostatic effect. However, anticooperative effects can weaken the hemostatic effect of individual hemostatic agents. Therefore, in order to obtain a highly effective hemostatic agent for the control of massive (critical) bleeding, it is necessary to create such a composition of hemostatic agents in which, thanks to the optimal selection of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the components, the functional properties of each of the agents not only complemented each other, but also as a result of the combination of these agents a new quality would be achieved in the composition - a significant increase in the hemostatic effect of the composition and the hemostatic agent produced with its use.

During the experiments, it was found that initiation of thrombus formation and rapid, almost instantaneous primary absorption of moisture is carried out by inorganic components, however, this component has the disadvantage of dust formation and relatively low moisture binding. Organic components can provide significant moisture retention compared to their weight, but do not provide an immediate moisture absorption effect. Moisturizing components ensure the maintenance of a certain level of humidity in the absence of condensation. A certain level of humidity ensures the mechanical properties of the material, its plasticity, prevents dust formation of the inorganic component, and also provides acceptable tactile properties of the material. It was also found that the division of components into certain groups is quite conditional, since certain components may belong to different groups, but their combination, based on their functional purpose, in certain ratios compensates for shortcomings and strengthens positive qualities.

So, during experiments, the researchers established that the optimal composition for a hemostatic agent should contain 4 groups of components: a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent, a binding dust-inhibiting hemostatic agent, an inorganic hemostatic agent, an organic hemostatic agent.

2. Moisture-retaining hemostatic agent is a substance selected from the group, which includes, but is not limited to: carboxymethyl cellulose and/or its salts, and/or glycerin, and/or chitosan.

A binding dust-inhibiting hemostatic agent is a substance selected from the group that includes, but is not limited to: synthetic and/or natural, including modified, polysaccharides, in particular carboxymethyl cellulose, starch, agar-agar, gum arabic, dextrin.

As an organic hemostatic agent contains polyphenol and/or its components, in particular tannin (tannic acid) and/or gallic, talaba digalic acid, and/or ellagic acid, and/or flavonoids, in particular rutin and/or quercetin, and/or selected preferably from the group of water-soluble polymers, including natural polymers, including chemically modified natural polymers, selected mainly from the group of cellulose derivatives, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dextrose, pectin, chitosan, agar-agar, gum arabic, collagen, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid , polyvinyl acetate, and/or from the group of polyols, selected mainly from the group of glymes, glycerol and its esters.

The inorganic hemostatic agent includes water-insoluble and/or sparingly soluble oxides of natural and/or synthetic origin, selected preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of oxides of titanium, silicon, aluminum, etc., clays selected preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of contains kaolin, bentonite, etc. and/or as minerals selected mainly, but not exclusively, zeolites, which, including, may be included in the composition of clays, metal salts, selected mainly, but not exclusively, from the group containing calcium, barium sulfates, titanates, phosphates, glycerophosphates, etc.

Also, to ensure radiopaqueness of the hemostatic agent, it is suggested to additionally introduce radiopaque substances. Preference to radiopaque substances is given to those that have hemostatic properties. Such substances are preferably, but not exclusively, selected from the group consisting of barium sulfate, phosphate, and barium titanate.

To visualize the hemostatic composition, as well as any hemostatic agent or its fragments, in X-rays, which is necessary to control the absence of the specified composition or the specified agent in the wound after providing qualified medical care, including surgical intervention, to prevent negative consequences caused by "forgotten" hemostatic composition or hemostatic agent in the wound, the hemostatic composition may contain at least one hemostatic agent that has radiopaque properties.

As one of the possible examples of such a composition, the composition of the composition in example Mo 23 is given, which contains an inorganic hemostatic agent - barium titanate, which has radiopaque properties. Next, as one of the possible examples (example Mo 26) of such a hemostatic composition, which contains an inorganic hemostatic agent - barium sulfate, which has radiopaque properties. Made from such a hemostatic composition, for example, example Mo 26, a hemostatic agent, as one of the possible examples, for example, a hemostatic agent "napkin" (16) (Fig. 6) in X-ray contrast design (Measure (170), an X-ray photo of which is shown in Fig. 31, and which (Measure (170) consists of a "composition" (171) having radiopaque properties and a "two-dimensional" "carrier" (33) preferably, but not exclusively, square or rectangular or oval in shape, and on which the radiopaque agent (34), which is contained in the hemostatic "composition" (b), is fixed using the mesh structure (8) (Fig. 2) of the "carrier" (33), which (Fig. 1, 3, 4) consists of threads and/or fibres, and/or strips which may be interconnected in any satisfactory manner.The interweaving (1) and nodes (2, 3) between the constituents of the mesh structure (8) of the "carrier" (33) allow the material be flexible and maintain constant hole sizes (4, 5) between them (1, 2, 3) Threads, fibers and strips of mesh material can be made of polymers (nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polycarbonate, etc.) and/or fiberglass, and/or organic matter (of natural origin) (for example, cotton, wool, silk, etc.) and metals, and/or their combinations. "Carrier" includes special additional holes (5) and cells of an irregular grid (4), formed by interweaving (1) of fibers and thread-like structures in nodes (2, 3). Tool (32) (Fig. 14), like tool (170) (Fig. 31), is a napkin (16) (Fig. b), in which through the specified holes (4) and additional holes (5) , into which, as well as through the system of weaves (1) and nodes (2,3), liquid (blood) can penetrate, including due to capillary forces, and interact with particles and molecules of hemostatic agents of the specified "composition" (171) , which contains a radiopaque agent (34) and has radiopaque properties, as a result of which blood clotting is accelerated. At the same time, the radiopaque agent (34) is evenly distributed over the "carrier" (33), and in X-rays such a "composition" (171), which is given in example Mo 26, and from which the hemostatic agent (170) is made, has radiopaque properties, as it can be seen from fig. 31.

As one of the possible examples of a hemostatic composition, which has the composition given in

From the example of Mo 23, which has radiopaque properties in X-rays, in Fig. 31, an arbitrary graphic image (173), for example "X", is given by writing "composition" (171) according to the example of Me 26 of the image (173) in the form of the graph "X" on the "carrier" (33) in the form of a means ( 174) "napkins".

As can be seen from fig. 31, both, as one of the possible options, hemostatic compositions according to the examples of Mo 23 and Mo 26, and hemostatic agents (170), (174) in the form of a napkin, which are described above, ensure the radiopaqueness of the specified compositions and agents in X-rays and the possibility of their detection in the wound if they are left in the wound.

Taking into account the requirements for such products regarding undemanding storage conditions and the duration of the storage period, the hemostatic agent is in hermetic packaging, which ensures its sterility during the entire storage period.

The solution to the technical problem, which is the basis of a useful model, consists in providing two objects: a hemostatic composition and a "container" ("carrier"). More precisely, the hemostatic composition as such and the hemostatic agent, which consists of the above-mentioned composition of hemostatic agents, combined with a "container" ("carrier"), in which the "container" ("carrier") holds the specified composition. It should be noted separately that "capacity" in the sense of this useful model represents a significant set of various media and capacities, which can be conventionally divided into 2 groups: "two-dimensional" capacities, in which the ratio of one of the dimensions to the other two is at least 10 times smaller for the smallest of the other two, and the form of these "containers" ("carriers") is relatively simple (for example, fabric, bandage, non-woven material, etc.), and "three-dimensional", the construction of which can be quite complex and there is no such ratio of dimensions as in "two-dimensional" . "Container" ("carrier") is a product or device, the material for which is any selected from the following group: cotton, silk, wool, plastic, cellulose, viscose; polymer (e.g., nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester (polyether, polycarbonate, etc.), metal, glass fiber, organic matter; mixtures of the above; woven, nonwoven, film permeable and/or waterproof. "Container" ("carrier") may be, for example, but not limited to, a bandage, tissue, film, which may be folded and/or twisted and/or curled in some manner. The "container" ("carrier") may, for example, but not necessarily, be in hermetic packaging, which ensures its sterility during the shelf life, because the "Container" ("carrier") can be "three-dimensional".

The "container" ("carrier") can be a vessel containing the composition of hemostatic agents or the hemostatic agent mentioned above, or a medical device, for example, a tampon, a napkin, a sponge, at least part of the "container" ("carrier") for the composition of hemostatic agents can have waterproof shell. At least part of the container for the hemostatic agent composition has a waterproof shell, and the hemostatic agent composition additionally contains at least one foaming component. At least part of the "container" ("carrier") for the composition of hemostatic agents can have a waterproof shell, which is filled with a composition of hemostatic agents in the form of a gel, foam, or paste. At least part of the "container" ("carrier") for the composition of hemostatic agents, which is fibrous and/or mesh and/or has a structure with a system of holes, can incorporate the composition of hemostatic agents in any satisfactory manner, in particular, it is impregnated with a solution and /or suspension of the composition of hemostatic agents, use spraying of the solution and/or suspension of the composition of hemostatic agents, and/or use "5iIoi-diee" rgose55 to apply the solution and/or suspension of the composition of hemostatic agents, dry to the required humidity and apply to at least part of the surface at least on one side of the container for a complex of hemostatic agents, an adhesive adhesive. Also, the specified product can be in a hermetic package, which ensures its sterility during the storage period.

A hemostatic composition that has radiopaque properties may contain appropriate hemostatic agents that have radiopaque properties (radiocontrast agents), and which may be selected preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of barium sulfate, titanate, barium phosphate.

As one of the possible options for ensuring the radiopaqueness of the hemostatic composition and the hemostatic agent produced from it, radiopaque materials (36) can be used, which are selected from the group consisting of polymeric materials, for example polypropylene, which are made with the addition of radiopaque agents (34), in particular barium sulfate , and which are made mainly in the form of threads, which can be crushed into small fragments, which can be additionally added to the hemostatic composition to ensure its radiopaque properties. The presence of radiopaque material, for example, the above-mentioned polymeric ones (which are made of polypropylene and, for example,

From barium sulfate) materials in the form of threads, strips, ribbons, which is attached to the "carrier" (33) for the production of a hemostatic agent, for example, an agent (32), as can be seen from fig. 14, also provides a reliable indication of the presence of a hemostatic agent in the wound.

To visualize any hemostatic agent in X-rays, a radiopaque agent can be added (attached) to the "agent" directly in (to) the "carrier" material(s). In fig. 14 is presented as one of the possible variants of the "means" - the means (32), which consists of a "composition" (b) and a "two-dimensional" "carrier" (33), and preferably, but not exclusively, of a square or rectangular or oval shape, and on which the radiopaque material (36) or the radiopaque agent (34) is fixed in the form of a strip or tape, and which holds the specified "composition" (b) and includes the radiopaque components (34) or is treated with the radiopaque agent (34) (for example, a thread is drawn or dotted line (236) on the carrier (33) as shown in Fig. 14) or processed with thread (236) as shown in Fig. 14).

Mesh structure (8) "carrier" (33) in fig. 2, which consists of threads and/or fibers, and/or strips, which can be joined together in any satisfactory manner. Interweaving (1) and knots (2, 3) between the components of the mesh structure (8) of the "carrier" (33) allow the material to be flexible and to maintain the constant dimensions of the holes (4, 5) between them (1, 2, 3). Threads, fibers and strips of mesh material can be made from polymers (nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polycarbonate, etc.) or glass fiber, and/or from organic matter (of natural origin) (for example, cotton, wool, silk, etc. .) and metals and/or their combinations. "Carrier" includes special additional holes (5) and cells of an irregular grid (4), formed by interweaving (1) of fibers and thread-like structures in nodes (2, 3). Device (32), which is shown as one of the possible options in fig. 14, is a napkin (16) (fig. b), the carrier (33) of which has a mesh structure (8) (fig. 2, as well as fig. 1, C, 4), through the holes (4) of which, as well as additional holes (5), into which, as well as through the system of weaves (1) and nodes (2, 3), liquid (blood), including due to capillary forces, can penetrate and interact with particles and molecules of hemostatic agents of the specified " compositions" (6) or (171), as a result of which blood clotting is accelerated.

To apply the agent (32) to a bleeding wound, it must be removed from the sealed package and placed over and/or inside the wound. Particles and molecules of hemostatic agents (b), which are in the "carrier" (33), are in contact with the tissue of the wound and/or with blood, the liquid phase of which is adsorbed on the surface and in the volume of the agent (32), which contributes blood coagulation. The flexibility of the "carrier" (33) allows the agent (32) to take and maintain the shape of the wound. The presence (Fig. 14) of a radiopaque material (36) attached to a "carrier" in the form of a strip or tape (236) made, as one possible option, of polypropylene and barium sulfate, and the use of such a "carrier" (33) for the production of a hemostatic agent (32) provides a reliable indication of the presence of a hemostatic agent in the wound.

An airtight bag (not shown) ensures the sterility of the hemostatic agent until it is used.

In fig. 13 presents the means (35), in which, for its visualization in X-rays, a radiopaque agent (34) is added, in particular, as one of the possible options, barium orthophosphate and/or barium sulfate, directly into the hemostatic composition (6) or together with the hemostatic composition ( 6). For example, the agent (35) may additionally include a radiopaque component (34), such as, as one possible option, barium sulfate applied to the "carrier" in an arbitrary manner in the form of a strip or tape (236) or in any other manner, for example, as one of the possible options, is shown in fig. 14 in the squared fragment of the tool (32).

As mentioned above, in order to ensure the effective operation of the hemostatic composition and its ease of use, as well as the preservation of its properties during storage and transportation, the specified composition can be combined with the "container" ("carrier") into a single entity, where such combined hemostatic the composition and the container represent a hemostatic agent, where the container holds the composition of hemostatic agents. The container can be "two-dimensional", in particular flat, and "three-dimensional".

Hemostatic agent, which is made of a "two-dimensional" "container" ("carrier"), and such a "container" ("carrier"), which are a two-dimensional geometric structure (figure), in particular, a rectangle (15), which is shown in fig. . 5, preferably, but not exclusively, flat, in which the length and width measurements significantly exceed the height measurements, for example, having a ratio of length or width to height of at least 10 times, including those that are used for compact packaging (for example, napkins, bandages ) folded (as in Fig. 5 along the axis (9)) or twisted/folded into three-dimensional shapes, for example corrugations (as in Fig. 8, means (21), Fig. 9, means (24), rolls (as in Fig. 12, tool 26) or ease of use (for example, cord, spiral) with and/or examples of two-dimensional, flat structures, can be bandages, bandages, napkins, etc.

Such a hemostatic agent can be produced from a container, which is a product or device, the material for which is any selected from the following group: cotton, silk, wool, plastic, cellulose, viscose; polymer (e.g. nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester (polyether, polycarbonate, etc.), metal, glass fiber, organic substances; mixtures of the above; woven, nonwoven, film water permeable and/or waterproof. As one possible example of the use of a utility model Fig. 1 shows an example of a two-dimensional device (a photomicrograph thereof) that is made of a two-dimensional container (10) that is a fragment (11) of a nonwoven material consisting of cellulose and viscose fibers.As noted above, such a material even by itself exhibits an additional hemostatic effect when in contact with blood and can be considered as a hemostatic agent (11).

The hemostatic properties of the "agent" are an integral characteristic that depends both on the qualitative and quantitative composition of the hemostatic agents that make up the "composition" and on the material or materials from which the "carrier" is made, its macro- and microstructure, the method of manufacture, etc. . Based on the fact that the "carrier" should ensure reliable fixation and retention of the "composition" in the entire volume and/or on the entire surface of the specified "means" and one, but not the only, 3 of its functions are to prevent particles of the "composition" from entering the the wound, i.e. mechanically separating it from the "carrier", and ensuring the flexibility of the carrier so that it can well repeat the geometry of the wound, the "carrier" consists of a material selected mainly, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of organic substances of natural origin and products of their chemical modification (cotton, silk, wool, plastic, cellulose, viscose, etc.), polymers (for example, nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester (polyether), polycarbonate, etc.), metal, glass fiber, organic substances; mixtures of the above; woven, non-woven, film permeable and/or waterproof.

Such a "carrier" consists of threads, fibers, strips and their combinations. As one of the possible variants of such a "carrier" (10) is shown in fig. 1-4, where it can be seen from the given photograph of the non-woven material (12) (Fig. 1) that its fibers are sometimes twisted (entwined) (1) along their axis and form thread-like structures, in places they are intertwined in different directions and form knots (2 ), thread-like structures twisted from fibers and/or fibers (7) also (fig. 3, 4) form nodes (3). This structure of the "carrier" ensures its hygroscopicity, effective absorption of moisture and the ability to maintain its flexibility, which allows it to be folded or folded in any way for further packaging as part of the "agent". The flexibility of the "carrier" and the "tool" made from it allows it to take the shape appropriate to the wound and keep it during use. This utility model is not limited to the use of woven or non-woven fibrous materials as the container material, but in particular, felt (felt) and the like are within the scope of this utility model.

The specified nodes (2) and (3) form a mesh structure (8), which has cells of different sizes and shapes, namely holes (4), and for which is shown in fig. 2 is a schematic representation as one possible example. In addition to the indicated cells (holes (4), such a mesh structure also contains additional special holes (5) preferably, but not exclusively, oval and/or square, and/or rectangular, and/or rhombic-shaped, which are macroholes compared to the size of the specified cells (4), and additionally provide the possibility of blood penetration deep into the material and its contact with the hemostatic agents that are part of the "composition", and where on the specified "two-dimensional" "capacity", i.e. "carrier" (10), applied and fixed in any possible way "composition" (b) as shown, as one of the possible options, in Fig. 1, 2, 6.

Such a mesh structure (8), shown in fig. 2, including a structure with additional holes (5), as shown in fig. 2, 4, additionally provides both reliable retention of the "composition", which includes particles and molecules of hemostatic agents, and contact of the latter with blood, for example in means (11), (12), (13), (14) , shown in fig. 1.

Examples.

NAPKIN. In fig. 6 presents one of the possible variants of the "means" - the means (16), which consists of a "composition" (6) and a "two-dimensional" "carrier" (10) preferably, but not exclusively, of a square or rectangular or oval shape, which holds the specified "composition" (b). "Carrier" includes special additional holes (5) and cells of an irregular grid (4), formed by interweaving (1) of fibers and thread-like structures in nodes (2, 3). The tool (16) is a napkin (Fig. 6), through the indicated holes (4), as well as additional holes (5), into which, as well as through the system of weaves (1) and nodes (2, 3), liquid can penetrate (blood), including due to capillary forces, and interact with particles and molecules of hemostatic agents of the specified

From the "composition" (6), as a result of which blood clotting is accelerated.

Mesh (Fig. 2) structure (8) "carrier" (10), which consists of threads and/or fibers, and/or strips, which can be connected to each other in any satisfactory way. Interweaving (1) and knots (2, 3) between the components of the mesh structure (8) of the "carrier" (10) allow the material to be flexible and maintain the constant dimensions of the holes (4, 5) between them (1, 2, 3). Threads, fibers and strips of mesh material can be made from polymers (nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polycarbonate, etc.) or glass fiber, and/or from organic matter (of natural origin) (for example, cotton, wool, silk, etc. .) and metals and/or their combinations.

To apply the agent (16) to a bleeding wound, it must be removed from the sealed package and placed on top of and/or inside the wound. Particles and molecules of hemostatic agents (6), which are in the container ("carrier") (10), are in contact with the tissue of the wound and/or with blood, the liquid phase of which is adsorbed on the surface and in the volume of the agent (16), which promotes blood clotting. The flexibility of the "carrier" (10) allows the agent (16) to take and maintain the shape of the wound.

An airtight bag (not shown) ensures the sterility of the hemostatic agent until it is used.

CORRUGATED BANDAGE (902). The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "means, which as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - means (21), presented in Fig. 8, consists of a two-dimensional hemostatic means (16), preferably a bandage in the form of a tape, which is repeatedly folded across the longitudinal the axis (22) of the original tape along the axis (300), which, as one of the possible examples, is shown in Fig. 10, with the formation of zigzag folds (23) on the surface of the bandage, the presence of which helps to increase the surface area of this hemostatic agent, which is in contact with surface of damaged tissue (wound), which in turn accelerates blood clotting.Hermetic bag (not shown) ensures the sterility of the hemostatic agent until the moment of use.

To apply the agent (21) to a bleeding wound, it must be removed from the sealed package and placed on top of and/or inside the wound. Mesh material "carrier" (10) has openings (4, 5) permeable to liquid (blood). Particles and molecules of hemostatic agents (b), which are in the hemostatic agent (16), contact the wound tissue and/or blood, the liquid phase of which is adsorbed on the surface of the hemostatic agent (16), which contributes to blood clotting. The flexibility of the carrier material (10) allows it to take and maintain the shape of the wound.

CORRUGATED BANDAGE (457). The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "means", which as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - means (24), is presented in fig. 10, which consists of a two-dimensional hemostatic agent (16), preferably a bandage in the form of a tape, which is repeatedly corrugated sequentially or alternately at an angle, preferably, but not exclusively, 45" (as shown for example along the axis (400) in Fig. 10 and means (24) in Fig. 9) relative to the longitudinal axis (22) of the original band of the bandage in series and/or in opposite directions and their combination with the formation of many folds (25) on the surface of the bandage, the presence of which helps to increase the surface area of this hemostatic agent, which contacts the surface of the damaged tissue (wound), which in turn accelerates blood clotting.

An airtight bag (not shown) ensures the sterility of the hemostatic agent until use.

To apply the agent (24) to a bleeding wound, it must be removed from the sealed package and placed over and/or inside the wound. Mesh material "carrier" (10) has openings (4, 5) permeable to liquid (blood). Particles and molecules of hemostatic agents (6) in the hemostatic agent (24) come into contact with the wound tissue and/or with blood, the liquid phase of which is adsorbed on the surface of the hemostatic agent (24), which contributes to blood clotting. The flexibility of the carrier material (10) allows it to take and maintain the shape of the wound.

BANDAGE (ROLL) Means (26) as one of the possible variants of a hemostatic agent is presented in fig. 12. This tool is a bandage, which is made of a napkin (16) in the form of a ribbon, which is twisted into a roll (27) for convenient application to the wound and dressing it. To apply the agent (26) to a bleeding wound, it must be removed from the sealed package and placed over and/or inside the wound. The mesh material of the carrier (10) of the specified bandage (26) has holes (4, 5) permeable to liquid (blood). Particles and molecules of hemostatic agents (b), which are in the hemostatic agent (26), contact the wound tissue and/or blood, the liquid phase of which is adsorbed on the surface of the hemostatic agent (26), which contributes to blood clotting. The flexibility of the carrier material (10) allows it to take and maintain the shape of the wound. The sufficient length of the tape, which is folded into a roll, allows you to securely fix the bandage on the wound. If necessary, the bandage can be cut with scissors.

FILM. The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "means" which, as

One of the possible variants of the hemostatic agent is the agent (28), presented in fig. 11, and which is a water-permeable film (29) having holes (30) permeable to liquid (blood) and may have/or not have additional holes (31) of any shape, preferably/but not exclusively oval, square , rhombic, pressed against the surface of the wound and/or placed inside the wound opening. The composition of hemostatic agents (6) is incorporated into the water-permeable material (29) of the means (28).

The material of the water-permeable film (29), as one of the possible options, can be made of, for example, polyvinyl alcohol or gelatin, or calcium alginate, etc.

WINDOW BANDAGE. In fig. 15 presents one of the possible variants of the hemostatic agent, the agent (37), which has a window structure and is an elastic bandage in the form of a tape to stop bleeding, which has the properties of a pressure bandage directly over the wound. This device consists of two strips of elastic bandage (38), which are located along the edges along the continuous axis of the strip and are connected to each other in any satisfactory way across the indicated axis by inelastic strips (39), preferably, but not exclusively, of a rectangular shape, at a distance preferably, but not exclusively, approximately 200 mm, due to which the window structure of the specified hemostatic agent is formed. A strip of corrugated bandage (21) is inserted into each "window" (40), the edges of which are fixed in any satisfactory way to two adjacent inelastic strips (39), which form a "window" (40) with fragments of elastic bandage tape (38). The longitudinal and transverse strips are made of a "two-dimensional" material, preferably, but not exclusively, textile.

Longitudinal strips of the tool (37) made of elastic material serve to create the effect of a pressure bandage directly over the wound and reliably fix the tool on the wound. The transverse strips (39) serve to connect the "windows" (40) to each other, as well as to preserve the presence of a corrugated surface, which can be leveled by strong stretching of the elastic strips (38) along the longitudinal axis of the tape. Fragments of an elastic bandage in the form of ribbons can be used as longitudinal strips (38), and fragments of inelastic textile, preferably rectangular in shape, can be used as transverse strips (39).

To apply the agent (37) to a bleeding wound, it must be removed from the sealed package and placed over and/or inside the wound. Particles and molecules of hemostatic agents (b), which are in the "carrier" (10), are in contact with the tissue of the wound and/or with blood, the liquid phase of which is adsorbed on the surface and in the volume of the agent (37), which contributes blood coagulation. The flexibility of the "carrier" (10) allows the agent (37) to take and maintain the shape of the wound.

The elasticity of the longitudinal bands (38) allows this hemostatic agent to be like a pressure bandage directly over the wound. Sufficient length of tape, which is rolled mainly into a roll (26), as well as the presence of at least one additional special fastener (special

B fasteners) (43), allows you to securely fix the tool (37) on the wound. If necessary, the bandage can be cut with scissors.

WINDOW BANDAGE 3 ATTACHED NORMAL OR ELASTIC BANDAGE.

The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "tool", which as one of the possible variants of hemostatic tool - tool (41), is presented in fig. 15, and which consists of a means (37) in the form of a folded tape, to one edge of which, namely, to its constituent part - an inelastic strip (39), attached in any satisfactory way in the area indicated by a dotted line (44), one at the end of an elastic bandage or an inelastic bandage (42), to the second end of which a special fastener (a special fastener) (165) can be attached. Sufficient length of the bandage tape (42), as well as a special fastener (165), additionally ensure the possibility of reliable fixation of the tool (41) on the wound.

Three-dimensional "container" and three-dimensional "carrier" - in the sense of this utility model, any container and carrier that is a three-dimensional geometric figure, preferably, but not exclusively, a cylinder, sphere, ellipsoid, parallelepiped, etc. in the form of disks, balls, sticks, pockets, pouches, pillows, which are made from at least one fragment of a two-dimensional medium, by fixing at least two opposite edges of the two-dimensional medium in any rational way, and cans, syringes, tubes, containers and other vessels, including including hermetic, which are preferably filled with solid, liquid, semi-liquid, gel-like and paste-like and foam-like and other suitable forms of the composition of hemostatic agents, which may also contain additional agents that represent a three-dimensional geometric figure, preferably, but not exclusively, a cylinder, sphere, ellipsoid , parallelepiped.

CYLINDERS, SPHERES, ELLIPSOIDS, CUBES, PARALLELEPIPEDS.

The use of three-dimensional volumetric hemostatic agents, in particular tampons, helps to increase the sorption capacity of the hemostatic agent and, as a result, accelerates blood clotting even more. Increasing the sorption capacity of the agent, for example, can be achieved by

Co) connecting with each other in any satisfactory way two and/or more identical and/or different fragments of hemostatic means, in particular napkins, bandages, of a certain geometric shape, as a result of which a "three-dimensional" figure of a certain shape is formed, which depends on the type of fixation (connection) and/or the form of the original fragments, and/or the method of fixing the original fragments. As one of the possible variants of such a means is a means (50) (Fig. 16), which is made of at least one or two identical and/or different fragments of hemostatic means, in particular a napkin, a bandage, a certain geometric shape, which are connected to each other by any - in some satisfactory manner, thereby forming a "three-dimensional" figure of a certain shape, in particular, but not exclusively, cylindrical (51), spherical (52), ellipsoidal (53), cubic (54) shape. The hemostatic agent is pressed against the surface of the wound and/or placed inside the wound opening. Used for tamponade and closure of superficial bleeding wounds.

TAMPON (CORD). The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "tool", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic tool - tool (45), is presented in fig. 18, has a cylindrical shape and is obtained from a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent "napkin" (16) (Fig. 6) of a rectangular or square shape by twisting it diagonally (46) to a thickness in diameter preferably, but not exclusively, of approximately 5 mm per spiral (47) (clockwise or counterclockwise) and having a length preferably, but not exclusively, of approximately 200-300 mm, which is formed by cutting off excess fragments from both ends along the indicated dotted line (48), and with the formed edges in preferably, but not exclusively, an oval of conical shape (49), and which is fixed in any satisfactory way (gluing, stitching, etc.). Means (45) can be used for tamponade of narrow canals of gunshot wounds and bleeding from ear canals due to contusion.

TAMPON (disc). As one of the possible examples of such means (50) - means (55), presented in fig. 17, and which is preferably in the form of a cylinder (51) or disc (200) (not shown) and consists mainly, but not exclusively, of 4-8 layers of fragments (57) of the "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent (16) which are bonded (fixed ) to each other in any way along the entire perimeter (59) and/or stitched in the middle (56). The hemostatic agent is pressed against the surface of the wound and/or placed inside the wound opening. Used for tamponade and closure of superficial bleeding wounds.

TAMPON (YORSH). The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "tool" 60, which, as one of the possible variants of a hemostatic tool - tool (60), is presented in fig. 17, which consists of a tampon (61) in the form of a cylindrical column (51) with a diameter preferably, but not exclusively, of approximately 5 mm and a length of preferably, but not exclusively, approximately 100 mm, which is formed by stringing fragments in the form of circles (62) along their center (56), obtained from hemostatic means, in particular a napkin (16), a bandage (26), on a flexible rod (64) with a diameter preferably, but not exclusively, of 2 mm, and a length of preferably, but not exclusively, 200 mm, and where tightly compressed on the rod (64), the circles (62) in the tampon (61) are securely fixed on both sides by the fasteners (65), (66), which are mounted on the rod (64).

The end of this tool (60) is gradually introduced into the wound channel from the side of the fixator (66) by pressing the end of the tampon (61) to the opening of the specified channel. The flexibility of the rod (64) allows the tool (60) to deliver the hemostatic agents contained in the tool (60) directly into the wound opening without additional trauma to the damaged tissues.

TAMPON ON A FLEXIBLE ROD. The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "tool", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic tool - tool (67), is presented in fig. 20, has a cylindrical shape (51) and which is made from one fragment of one of the "two-dimensional" hemostatic means, in particular, a napkin (16), a bandage (26), in the form of a tape; and wherein the tape of said material is rolled into a roll (68), the free end of which is shown by a dashed line (58) which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tampon, is attached in any suitable manner to the previous layer to prevent its unwinding; and wherein the end (69) of the formed roll (68) is fastened in any satisfactory manner to secure the edge of the tape and to provide a conical shape to this end (69) of the roll (68) to facilitate its entry into the wound opening; and wherein the inner edge of the tape (not shown) is additionally secured in any satisfactory manner to one end of a flexible rod-shaped substrate (70) having a diameter of preferably, but not exclusively, about 2 mm and a length of preferably, but not exclusively, about 70 mm; and wherein the total length of said means is preferably, but not exclusively, about 80 mm; and wherein the length of the coiled and fixed said "two-dimensional means" is preferably, but not exclusively, about 20 mm, and the diameter is preferably, but not exclusively, about 5 mm. The purpose and use of means (67) are similar to the purpose and use of means (60).

TAMPON POCKET. The following implementation of the utility model assumes that such

Ko) "means", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - means (72), is presented in fig. 22, and which is made in the form of a pocket (73), which is a container of preferably square or rectangular shape, which is made in an arbitrary manner from at least one layer, preferably, but not exclusively, from 4 to 8 layers, of a "two-dimensional" bandage-type hemostatic agent (26) or napkin (16), and where the two walls (74, 75) of the container are connected (fixed) on three sides (76) around the entire perimeter in any way, and on the fourth side it has a free opening (77) and as can be seen from its section along the dashed line (78), it has a cavity (79) inside. This product is suitable for tamponing wounds both by itself and in combination with other products.

TUB. In fig. 30 shows one of the possible variants of a hemostatic agent, which is characterized by the fact that the "container" is a vessel that contains a composition of hemostatic agents in the form of a gel, foam, suspension, paste, and at least part of the "container" for the composition of hemostatic agents has a waterproof shell.

The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of a hemostatic agent - means (158), is presented in fig. 30 consists of a tube (159) with a spout (160) and a protective cap (161). In the tube 159 there is a hemostatic composition (b) in the form of a gel, foam, suspension or paste. To apply the agent (158) to a bleeding wound, remove the cap (161), direct the nozzle (160) to the damaged tissue or wound, squeeze through the hole (162) and apply the required amount of hemostatic composition to the wound.

TAMPON EMPTY STICK. The following implementation of the utility model assumes that

BO such a "means" which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - means (71), is presented in fig. 21, has a cylindrical shape (50) and which is made from one fragment of one of the "two-dimensional" hemostatic means, in particular a napkin (16), a bandage (26), in the form of a tape; and wherein the tape of said material is rolled into a roll (68), the free end of which is shown by a dotted line (58) which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tampon (68), is attached in any suitable manner to the previous layer to prevent its unwinding; and wherein both ends (69) of the formed roll (68) are fastened in any satisfactory manner to secure the edge of the tape and provide a conical shape to said ends (69) of the roll to facilitate insertion of the agent into the wound opening. Intended for tamponade of narrow openings of gunshot wounds.

TAMPON (POCKET FILLED WITH HEMOSTATIC AGENT). The following implementation 60 of the useful model assumes that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of a hemostatic agent - means (80), is presented in fig. 22, and which is a means (72) in which, through a free opening (77), the inner cavity (79) is filled in any arbitrary way with a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent, selected preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of a napkin (16), a bandage (26), including a corrugated one, and/or fragments of the said means, which in any satisfactory way have been given a certain geometric shape, and/or a composition of hemostatic agents in the form of a paste or dried suspension and their combinations, and / or mixtures of the above-mentioned means and compositions. As one of the possible variants of such a hemostatic agent (80) in fig. 24 shows a hemostatic device (81), which is a device (72) in which a "two-dimensional" hemostatic device - a corrugated bandage (21) is inserted into the cavity through a free hole (77), one end of which is fixed inside the pocket to its bottom (84 ), and the other (82) goes outside, which provides the possibility of using the specified bandage as an additional hemostatic agent. Said agents (72), (80), (81) are suitable for tamponade of wounds both by themselves and in combination with other agents, for example, such as agent (37) or agent (41).

TAMPON PAD. The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - mean (83), is presented in fig. 23, which is made in the form of a pocket (72), which is a "container" of preferably square or rectangular shape, which is made in an arbitrary manner from at least one layer, preferably, but not exclusively, from 4-8 layers, of a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent of the type bandage (16) or napkin (26), and where the two walls (74, 75) of the container are connected (fixed) on four sides (76), (84), around the entire perimeter in any way, or in which through a free the hole (77) is previously filled with the cavity (79) with a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent - a napkin (16), a corrugated bandage (21), a bandage (26), a tampon (80) or (81), or a composition of hemostatic agents (6) and their combinations, and where from four sides (76), (84), including the opening (77), along the entire perimeter, the two walls (74, 75) of the container are connected (fixed) in any way, and which, in addition to the outer surface to one of the edges (76) or (84) of the tampon is attached in any arbitrary way one end of an elastic bandage (not shown) or an ordinary bandage with a length of preferably o, but not exclusively, approximately 5 m, which ensures the fixation of the hemostatic agent to the wound and/or the application of a compression bandage.

WINDOW BANDAGE WITH ATTACHED REGULAR (OR ELASTIC) BANDAGE AND

WITH A PILLOW. The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "tool", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic tool - tool (149), is presented in fig. 15.

The device (149) consists of a device (37) or a device (41) to one of the edges of which, namely the free inelastic strip (39), is attached in any satisfactory manner to a special tampon, namely a "pad" (83) ( Fig. 23). The use of the "pad" agent (83) in combination with a bandage with a window structure (agent (37) or agent (41)) increases the total sorption capacity of the agent (149) relative to blood. When it is applied to a bleeding wound, a tampon-pad (83) should be placed on the surface or inside the wound and fixed with a bandage (37 or 41), which also has a hemostatic effect and allows the application of a compression bandage.

WINDOW BANDAGE WITH ATTACHED REGULAR (OR ELASTIC) BANDAGE AND

IN MY POCKET The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "tool", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic tool - tool (150), is presented in fig. 15. The device (150) consists of the device (80) and the device (37) or the device (41) to one of the edges of which, namely the free inelastic strip (39), is attached in any satisfactory manner to a special tampon, namely " pocket" (80). The use of a "pocket" (80) (Fig. 15) in combination with a bandage with a window structure (37 or 41) increases the total sorption capacity of the "agent" relative to blood. When it is applied to a bleeding wound, the "pocket" (80) should be placed on the surface or inside the wound and fixed with a bandage (37 or 41), which also has a hemostatic effect and allows the application of a compression bandage.

WINDOW BANDAGE WITH ATTACHED REGULAR (OR ELASTIC) BANDAGE AND

A POCKET WITH A CORRUGATED BANDAGE FIXED IN THE MIDDLE OF IT. The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "tool", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic tool - tool (151), is presented in fig. 15. The device (151) consists of a device (37) or a device (41) to one of the edges of which, namely a free non-elastic strip (39), is attached in any satisfactory manner to a special tampon (81), namely a "pocket " (72), with a corrugated bandage (21) located inside, one edge of which (82) protrudes from the opening of the pocket (81). The specified corrugated bandage, if necessary, can be used as an additional hemostatic agent for tamponade of large wounds. The use of a "pocket" (81) together with a bandage with a window structure (37 or 41) increases the total sorption capacity of the "agent" relative to the blood. When it is applied to a bleeding wound, a "pocket" (81) (fig. 15)

should be placed on the surface or inside the wound and fixed with a bandage (37 or 41), which also has a hemostatic effect.

CANDLE-TYPE TAMPON ("FULL STICK"). The next implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "tool", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic tool - tool (87), is presented in fig. 19, has a cylindrical shape (51) and which is made from one fragment of one of the "two-dimensional" hemostatic means, in particular a napkin (16), a bandage (26), in the form of a tape; and wherein the tape of said material is wound into a roll (88), the free end of which is shown by a dashed line parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tampon, attached in any suitable manner to the previous layer to prevent its unwinding; and wherein one end (69) of the formed roll (88) is fastened in any satisfactory manner to secure the edge of the tape and to provide a conical shape to this end of the roll (69) to facilitate the insertion of the agent into the wound opening, and where through the free opening (89) the cavity (90) is pre-filled with a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent - selected preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of a napkin (16), a bandage (26), including a corrugated one (21), and/or fragments of said agents, which in any satisfactory way is given a certain geometric shape, or a composition of hemostatic agents (b) in the form of a paste or dried suspension and combinations thereof, and/or a material selected from the group, preferably, but not exclusively, cotton, viscose, etc. and /l"or a mixture of the above means and said composition, and wherein the edges (69, 91) of the free opening (89) are fastened in any satisfactory manner to fix the edge of the tape and give a conical shape to this end of the roll (91), and where the means (87 ), which is a cylinder, p usually, but exclusively, with conical ends, and has, preferably, but not exclusively, the following dimensions: length - about 5-50 mm, diameter - about 7-20 mm, diameter of the internal cavity - about 5-10 mm. For ease of removal from the wound, such a tool (87) may additionally contain an applicator (180) in the form of a thread or tape.

Intended for tamponade of narrow openings of gunshot wounds, as well as for intravaginal and perrectal use.

CORRUGATED BAG. The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "tool", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic tool - tool (92), is presented in fig. 25. This tool is a bag (93) made of "two-dimensional"

From a hemostatic agent, in particular a napkin (16), and where the two edges of said agent are joined together in a cylindrical shape in any satisfactory manner. On one side of the base of the formed cylinder, its edges are joined (94) in any satisfactory manner and form a cone-shaped or rounded bottom. The walls of the formed cylinder are corrugated, preferably, but not exclusively, parallel or perpendicular to its longitudinal axis (95). On the other side of the cylinder, around the entire perimeter of its base, a rubber waterproof ring (96) can be attached, which under certain conditions can close the bag (93) as a diaphragm. Means (92) can be additionally filled with a composition of hemostatic agents or hemostatic means.

SYRINGE WITH CORRUGATED BAG. The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "tool", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic tool - tool (97), is presented in fig. 25. The tool (97) consists of a "tool" (92) and a special device - an introducer in the form of a syringe (98), which is filled with a composition of hemostatic agents (b) in the form of a gel (99) and/or suspension (99), and/ or pastes (99,) and/or combinations of the above (99). On the one hand, the syringe (98) is closed with a plug (100), which tightly closes the special opening (102) and keeps hemostatic agents (6, 99) inside the syringe (98), but can be quickly removed by pressing the rod (101) piston (104). The piston (104) has a cone-like shape, which corresponds to the conical shape of the inner surface of the walls of the syringe (98) at the exit from it, and provides quantitative squeezing of the composition of hemostatic agents (6, 99) through a special opening (102).

On the free outer side of the syringe (98), a tool (92) is installed, which is made in the form of an empty bag (93), and a ring (96) which, when pressed on the rod (101) of the piston (104), moves freely along the outer surface of the syringe (98) and which, after shifting from the outer surface of the syringe (98), closes filled with a composition of hemostatic agents (b) in the form of a gel (99) and/or a suspension (99), and/or a paste (99), and/or a combination of the aforementioned (99) bag (93) as a diaphragm (not shown) and remains outside the wound. The outside of the bag is closed with a cap (103) to prevent deformation during packaging and storage. To apply the agent (97) to a bleeding wound, the agent must be removed from the sealed package , remove the cap (103), press or approach the opposite end of the piston (94) to the wound, gradually insert it to the optimal depth into the wound hole and press the rod (101) of the piston (104) to the stop, as a result of which the composition of hemostatic agents (b, 99) is squeezed out of the syringe (98) and filled the bag (93) is inserted directly into the wound, thanks to which the bag (93) of the agent (97) is located in the wound and fully conforms to its shape and size.

SYRINGE (filled with dry hemostatic agents and/or compressed tampons and hemostatic composition). The next implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "tool" which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic tool - tool (105), is presented in fig. 26. The device (105) consists of a device (92) and an introducer device in the form of a syringe (98), which is filled with a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent (107). Said means (107) is selected, preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of a napkin (16), a bandage (26), a corrugated bandage (21) and/or a "two-dimensional" "carrier" (10), and any - in a satisfactory manner given a certain geometric shape (110), and/or a composition of hemostatic agents (b) in the form of a paste or a dried suspension and their combinations (111), and/or individual hemostatic agents, and/or a mixture of the above means, "carrier ", hemostatic agents and compositions (112), and/or made (113) of a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent, preferably tampons ((55) cylinder), sponges ((114) disc), balls (115)), which at least one axes form a three-dimensional figure, which in the cross-section along this axis is a circle (cylinders, disks, spheres), and which are maximally compressed along this axis and/or in the direction perpendicular to it, which ensures the minimization of their volume in comparison with their volume compressible, and/or a mixture of the above means and the specified composition (117) .

The above components, which in any sequence and in any way are located in the cavity of the syringe, when compressed along the axis along which the piston moves, form an additional hemostatic agent (118), which is tightly compressed in the cavity of the syringe, due to which it has a convenient to get into the early cylindrical shape. On the one hand, the syringe (98) is closed with a stopper (109), which keeps the hemostatic agent (118) inside the syringe (98), but can be quickly removed through a special hole (108), which in shape and size corresponds to the diameter of the edge (119) ) of this pressed means (118) and where the piston (106) has a cylindrical shape, which ensures the convenience and completeness of squeezing said means (118), when acting on one of the sides (120) of its piston (106) when pressing on the rod (101) . On the outer surface of the syringe (98) from the side of the free hole (108), a means (92) is stretched, which is made in the form of an empty bag (93), the folds (121) of which are oriented mainly from the edge (108) of the syringe (98),

Zo and whose ring (96) moves freely on the outer surface of the syringe (98) and remains outside the wound. The bag is closed from the outside with a cap (103). To apply the agent (105) to a bleeding wound, it is necessary to remove the agent from the sealed package (not shown), remove the cap (103), press the opposite end of the piston to the wound, and press the rod (101) of the piston (106) to the stop , as a result of which the piston (106) presses on the edge (120) of the tool (118), which presses on the bottom of the bag (93), moving it along with it deep into the wound, and fills the bag (93) directly in the wound, thanks to which the tool (105), which is formed when the agent (92) is filled with the agent (118) directly in the wound, is located in the wound and fully corresponds to its shape and size. At the same time, as a result of this, the ring (96) slides over the outer surface of the syringe (98) and after the movement of the syringe (98) in the opposite direction, the ring comes off the edge (108) of the syringe and the diaphragm (not shown) automatically activates to close the opening of the bag . The ring additionally serves as an applicator for easy removal of the agent (105) from the wound.

SYRINGE (filled with dry hemostatic agents, preferably compressed and/or fastened tampons, sponges, etc.). The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of a hemostatic agent - means (122), is presented in fig. 27. The tool (122) consists of a "three-dimensional" hemostatic agent (133) and a device - an introducer in the form of a syringe (98), which is filled with a "three-dimensional" hemostatic agent (133). Said device (133) is made of at least two identical or different hemostatic agents, selected, preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting mainly of tampons, sponges, made mainly of a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent, which at least along one axis form a three-dimensional the figure shown in fig. 26, and which in cross-section along this axis (116) is a circle, in particular cylinders (55), discs (114), spheres (115), and/or similar three-dimensional means, and which are maximally compressed along (131) this axis tal"or in the direction perpendicular to it (132), and the dimensions of which after compression are smaller than the dimensions before compression in at least one of the directions, in particular parallel (131) and/or perpendicular (132), to the axis (not shown) along which it moves piston, which ensures the minimization of their volume in comparison with their volume before compression, and, as one of the possible options depicted in Fig. 27, additionally includes fragments of the appropriate form of "two-dimensional" hemostatic agents, selected, preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of a napkin (16), a bandage (26), a film (28), and where "three-dimensional" means and/or fragments (129), (130), (123) of "two-dimensional" means are indicated (16), (28) and/or "carrier" (10), preferably in the form of a circle, additionally connected (fastened) to each other preferably in a geometric centers (128) of the above circle (not shown) in any sequence and in any arbitrary manner, preferably, but not exclusively, stitched, preferably with thread, tape (125), maintaining a certain equal or different distance between them. The above-mentioned interconnected and tightly compressed components, located in the cavity of the syringe, form a hemostatic agent of cylindrical shape (133), which has a convenient cylindrical shape for entering the wound, and one end (127) of the outermost thread or tape (126) is fixed to washer (124), which is attached to the end (not shown) of the piston (106) of the syringe (98), and which is separated from the piston during the return stroke of the piston (106) of the syringe (98), remains above the wound and serves as an applicator that provides ease of removal of the agent from the wound. For the convenience and completeness of squeezing the above-mentioned hemostatic agent (133) of a cylindrical shape into the wound, the dimensions and shape of the opening of the edge (108) of the syringe (98) correspond to the diameter of this compressed agent (133) and the piston (106) has a cylindrical shape.

To apply the agent (122) to a bleeding wound, it is necessary to remove the agent from the sealed package (not shown), remove the protective cap (103), press the opposite end of the piston to the wound and press the rod (101) of the piston (106) to the stop , as a result of which the piston (106) presses on the edge of the device (122) and squeezes the device deep into the wound, due to which the device (133) is located in the wound and fully conforms to its shape and size. At the same time, during the return stroke of the piston (106), the washer (124) is detached from it and remains above the wound as a convenient applicator for removing the agent (122) from the wound. When the agent (122) gets into the wound and comes into contact with blood, it increases in volume in all directions, which contributes to effective tamponade of the wound opening.

SYRINGE with beveled end (filled with dry hemostatic agents, preferably compressed and/or clamped tampons, sponges, etc.). The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "tool", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic tool - tool (137), is presented in fig. 27. The device (137) consists of a "three-dimensional" hemostatic agent (133) and a device - an introducer in the form of a syringe (98), which is filled with a "manifold" hemostatic agent (133). Said agent (133) is produced from at least two identical or different hemostatic agents selected, preferably, but not exclusively, from

From the group consisting mainly of tampons, sponges made mainly of a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent, which along at least one axis form a three-dimensional figure, which is shown in fig. 26, and which in cross-section along this axis (116) is a circle, in particular cylinders (55), discs (114), spheres (115), and/or similar three-dimensional means, and which are maximally compressed along (131) this axis tal"or in the direction perpendicular to it (132), and the dimensions of which after compression are smaller than the dimensions before compression in at least one of the directions, in particular parallel (131) and/or perpendicular (132) to the axis (not shown) along which the piston moves , which ensures the minimization of their volume in comparison with their volume before compression, and, as one of the possible options shown in Fig. 27, additionally includes fragments of the appropriate form of "two-dimensional" hemostatic agents, selected, preferably, but not exclusively , from the group consisting of a napkin (16), a bandage (26), a film (28), and where "three-dimensional" means and/or fragments (129), (130), (123), "two-dimensional" means ( 16), (28) and/or "carrier" (10) preferably in the form of a circle, additionally connected (fastened) to each other preferably in a geometric center ri (128) of the above-mentioned circle (not shown) in any sequence and in any arbitrary way, preferably, but not exclusively, stitched, preferably with thread, tape (125), maintaining a certain equal or different distance between them. The above-mentioned interconnected and tightly compressed components, located in the cavity of the syringe, form a cylindrical hemostatic agent (133), which has a convenient cylindrical shape for entering the wound and is fixed with one end (127) of the outermost thread or tape (126) to the washer (124), which is attached to the end (not shown) of the piston (106) of the syringe (98), and which is separated from the piston during the return stroke of the piston (106) of the syringe (98), remains above the wound and serves as an applicator, providing convenience of removing the agent from the wound. Said syringe has any satisfactory shape, preferably, but not exclusively, a cylinder. In contrast to the hemostatic agent (133), the specified hemostatic agent (137), which as one of the possible options is shown in fig. 27, has a chamfered end, and as shown in a cross-section of the means along axis (138), which is shown by a dotted line, its upper edge (140) is longer than its lower edge (141) and its opening (139) is closed by a stopper (142), the shape and the dimensions of which satisfactorily correspond to the dimensions and shape of the opening (139) and which is closed with a cap (103) or a cap (143). Such a beveled form of the syringe of the agent (137) additionally ensures the convenience of its fixation in the wound and its introduction into the wound and, accordingly, provides the possibility of operative introduction of the hemostatic agent (133) into the wound opening. for the convenience and completeness of squeezing out the above-mentioned hemostatic agent (133)

of a cylindrical shape in the wound, the dimensions and shape of the opening (139) of the edge of the syringe (98) correspond to the diameter of this compressed means (133), and the piston (106) has a corresponding cylindrical shape.

To apply the agent (137) to a bleeding wound, it is necessary to remove the agent from the sealed package (not shown), remove the protective cap (103) (or (143)), use the sharp edge of the beveled end (141) to slightly deepen it into the wound and press on the rod (101) of the piston (106) to the stop, as a result of which the piston (106) presses on the edge of the tool (133) and squeezes the tool (133) deep into the wound, due to which the tool (133) is located in the wound and fully corresponds to its shape and size .

When the agent (133) gets into the wound and comes into contact with blood, it increases in volume in all directions, which contributes to effective tamponade of the wound opening.

THE BALLS ARE CONNECTED. For tamponade of deep wound openings, a tool (144) (Fig. 28) can also be used, which is a tampon in the form of interconnected balls (115) of a hemostatic agent with a diameter, preferably, but not exclusively, from 10 mm to 20 mm , preferably, but not exclusively, of the same diameter, preferably, but not exclusively, 10 mm using thread and/or tape (125) with a length of, preferably, but not exclusively, from 10 mm to 50 mm at a distance preferably, but not exclusively, approximately 1-5 mm. The thread and/or tape (125) connecting them is made of any satisfactory material. The beads can be obtained from a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent, in particular a napkin (16), a film (28), a bandage (21), (26) and/or fragments thereof, in any satisfactory manner or from a "two-dimensional" container, in particular fragments textiles - woven and/or non-woven, and/or fibrous materials, in particular cotton, viscose, wool, etc., formed in the form of balls (115) by any available method, followed by the joining of fragments of the specified means in the form of balls (115 ) one after the other with string and/or tape in any satisfactory manner. The shape and size of the balls (115) ensure their optimal location in the wound opening. The balls can also be further compressed (54), (115) as shown in fig. 16, 26. Using the thread and/or tape (125) connecting the balls (115), or using the end (127) of the outermost (126) thread or tape, the used tampon can be removed from the middle of the wound opening. The balls can also be additionally compressed from at least two sides in at least one of the directions - preferably parallel (134) and/or perpendicular (135) to the axis (146) (Fig. 28) along which they are connected by threads and/or tapes balls When squeezed, the balls take up less space

Due to the volume and contact with blood in the wound, their volume increases significantly, they expand, and this contributes to more effective tamponade of the wound.

To apply the agent (144) to a bleeding wound, it must be removed from the sealed package (not shown) and placed over and/or inside the wound by gradually inserting the interconnected beads (115) one by one. /or the string (126) connecting said balls and/or the end (127) of the outer thread or tape (or the last before the end (127) of the ball or balls) remains outside the wound opening and serves to remove the tampon from the wound. material of the beads allows the agent (144) to take and maintain the shape of the wound.

BALLS CONNECTED WITH ATTACHED WASHER. For more convenient removal of the tampon from the wound, the means (145) shown in fig. 28 and which differs from the means (144) in that it additionally has an applicator (124), which is preferably, but not exclusively, a rubber washer (124) that is attached to the free end (127) of the thread or tape (126). The use of means (145) is similar to the use of means (144). When removing the tampon from the wound, pull the washer (124).

SYRINGE FILLED WITH BALLS WITH WASHER ATTACHED. The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "tool", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic tool - tool (147), is presented in fig. 28. The tool (147) consists of a densely packed tool (145) located inside the syringe-like introducer device (98), which has the shape of a cylinder (139) cut at an acute angle, preferably. This form contributes to an easier directional introduction of the agent (145) into the opening of the wound channel. The specified part of the syringe (139) is closed with a cap (143), the shape and size of which correspond to the shape and size of the beveled edge (139).

Balls (115) of agent (145) are tightly packed (148) in a mostly cylindrical syringe (98) and firmly connected to the piston (106) by means of a thread (126) which is attached at its end (127) to a rubber washer (124) , which is fixed on the inner side of the piston (106). The rubber washer (124) can be easily detached from the piston (106) during the reverse movement of the latter.

To apply the agent (147) to a bleeding wound, it is necessary to remove it from the sealed package, remove the protective cap (143), remove the plug (139) and press the end of the bo (141) of the agent to the wound opening, insert it to the optimal depth and press on the rod (101)

piston (106), after which remove the syringe from the wound in such a way that the washer (124) detaches from the piston (106) and remains outside the wound. The particles and molecules of the composition of hemostatic agents (6), which are in the balls (148) of the agent (145), are in contact with the tissue of the wound and/or with blood, the liquid phase of which is adsorbed on the surface and in the volume of the balls, which contributes to coagulation of blood

At the same time, the compressed balls increase in size, which helps tamponade the wound.

PLASTER. In fig. 7 presents one of the possible variants of a hemostatic agent - an agent (17), consisting of an agent (16), which is attached to an elastic polymeric and/or plastic, and/or woven, and/or non-woven base (18), preferably, but not exclusively, rectangular in shape, and where part of the surface of said elastic base (18) is covered on at least one side with a thin sticky layer of pressure-sensitive adhesive (19), which ensures its adhesion to the patient's skin.

The device (17) is placed on the patient's wound in such a way that the hemostatic material (16) is in direct contact with the damaged skin surface (wound), and the adhesive surface (19) of the elastic base (18) is fixed (covering the patient's skin surface) around the wound.

The elastic base (18) includes holes (20) that ensure evaporation of moisture from the surface of the skin.

PLASTER. The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "tool", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic tool - tool (166), is presented in fig. 7, consisting of means (83), and which is made in the form of a pocket (73), which is a "container" of preferably square or rectangular shape, which is made in an arbitrary manner from at least one layer, preferably, but not exclusively, of 4- 8 layers, "two-dimensional" hemostatic means of the type napkin (16) or bandage (26), and where the two walls (74, 75) of the "container" are connected (fixed) on four sides (76), (84), throughout perimeter in any way, or in which the cavity (79) is pre-filled through the free hole (77) with a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent - a napkin (16), a corrugated bandage (21), a bandage (26), a tampon (82), or a composition hemostatic agents (6) and their combinations, and where from four sides (76), (84), including the opening (77), along the entire perimeter, two walls (74, 75) of the container are connected (fixed) in any way, and where the means (83) "CUSHION" is attached to an elastic polymeric and/or plastic, and/or woven, and/or non-woven base (18), preferably, but not exclusively, rectangular in shape, and d is part of the specified surface

The elastic base (18) is covered at least on one side with a thin sticky layer of pressure-sensitive adhesive (19), which ensures its adhesion to the patient's skin.

The tool (166) is placed on the patient's wound in such a way that the hemostatic material (16) is in direct contact with the damaged skin surface (wound), and the adhesive surface (19) of the elastic base (18) is fixed (covering the patient's skin surface) around the wound.

The elastic base (18) includes holes (20) that ensure evaporation of moisture from the surface of the skin. The presence of the agent (83) in the agent (166) ensures increased sorption capacity of the agent (166) and, accordingly, its hemostatic effect.

PLASTER. The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "tool", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic tool - tool (167), is presented in fig. 7, consisting of a means (55) which is preferably in the shape of a cylinder (51) or a disk (200) (not shown) and consists mainly, but not exclusively, of 4-8 layers (57) of fragments of a "two-dimensional" hemostatic "means" 16", which are fastened (fixed) together in any way along the entire perimeter (56) and/or stitched in the middle (56), and where the means (55), "DISC" (fig. 17), is attached (fig. 7 ) to an elastic polymeric and/or plastic, and/or woven, and/or non-woven base (18) preferably, but not exclusively, of a rectangular shape, and where part of the surface of said elastic base (18) is at least on one side covered with a thin sticky layer of sensitive to the pressure of the adhesive (19), which ensures its adhesion to the patient's skin.

The device (167) is placed on the patient's wound in such a way that the hemostatic material (16) is in direct contact with the damaged skin surface (wound), and the adhesive surface (19) of the elastic base (18) is fixed (covering the patient's skin surface) around the wound.

The elastic base (18) includes holes (20) that ensure evaporation of moisture from the surface of the skin. The presence of the agent (55) in the agent (167) ensures increased sorption capacity of the agent (167) and, accordingly, its hemostatic effect. The hemostatic agent is pressed against the surface of the wound. Used for tamponade and closure of bleeding superficial wounds.

The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "tool", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic tool - tool (168), is presented in fig. 7, which consists of the means (72) shown in fig. 22, and which is made in the form of a pocket (73), which is a "container" of preferably square or rectangular shape, which is made arbitrarily of at least one layer, preferably, but not exclusively, of 4-8 layers, 60 of "two-dimensional" hemostatic a means such as a bandage (26) or napkin (16), and where two walls (74, 75)

containers are connected (fixed) on three sides (76) around the entire perimeter in any way, and on the fourth side it has a free opening (77) and, as can be seen from its section along the dashed line (78), it has a cavity (79) inside , in which through the free opening (77) the internal cavity (79) is additionally filled in any arbitrary way with a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent selected, preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of a napkin (16), a bandage (26) , including corrugated, and/or fragments of said means, which in any satisfactory way have been given a specific geometric shape, and/or compositions of hemostatic agents in the form of a paste or dried suspension, film or sponge (not shown), which are made, for example, from calcium alginate, and their combinations, and/or a mixture of the above means and composition forms, and where the means (72) is attached to an elastic polymeric and/or plastic, and/or woven, and/or non-woven base (18), preferably, but not exclusively, rectangular in shape, and where part of the floor henna of the specified elastic base (18) is covered at least on one side with a thin sticky layer of pressure-sensitive adhesive (19), which ensures its adhesion to the patient's skin.

The device (168) is placed on the patient's wound in such a way that the hemostatic material (16) is in direct contact with the damaged skin surface (wound), and the adhesive surface (19) of the elastic base (18) is fixed (covering the patient's skin surface) around the wound.

The elastic base (18) includes holes (20) that ensure evaporation of moisture from the surface of the patient's skin. The presence of the agent (72) in the agent (168) provides increased sorption capacity of the agent (168) and, accordingly, its hemostatic effect. The hemostatic agent is pressed against the surface of the wound. Used for tamponade and closure of bleeding superficial wounds.

PLASTER ("POCKET" TAMPON 4 CORRUGATED BANDAGE). The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "tool", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic tool - tool (169), is presented in fig. 7, consists of means (81) presented in fig. 24, and which is made in the form of a pocket (73), which is a container of preferably square or rectangular shape, which is made arbitrarily of at least one layer, preferably, but not exclusively, of 4-8 layers, of a "two-dimensional" bandage-type hemostatic agent (26) or napkin (16), and where the two walls (74, 75) of the "container" are connected (fixed) on three sides (76) around the entire perimeter in any way, and on the fourth side it has a free opening ( 77) and as can be seen from its dissection along the dashed line (78), it has a cavity (79) inside, and in which through a free hole (77) into the cavity

A "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent is inserted - a corrugated bandage (21), one end of which is fixed inside the pocket to its bottom, and the other (82) goes outside, which provides the possibility of using the specified bandage as an additional hemostatic agent, and where the agent (81) is attached to an elastic polymeric and/or plastic, and/or woven, and/or non-woven base (18), preferably, but not exclusively, rectangular in shape, and where part of the surface of said elastic base (18) is covered on at least one side with a thin sticky layer of sensitive to the pressure of the adhesive (19), which ensures its adhesion to the patient's skin.

The tool (169) is placed on the patient's wound in such a way that the hemostatic material (16) is in direct contact with the damaged skin surface (wound), and the adhesive surface (19) of the elastic base (18) is fixed (covers the patient's skin surface) around the wound.

The elastic base (18) includes holes (20) that ensure evaporation of moisture from the surface of the patient's skin. The presence of the agent (81) in the agent (169) provides additional opportunities for wound tamponade, as well as increased sorption capacity of the agent (169) and, accordingly, its hemostatic effect. The hemostatic agent is pressed against the surface of the wound. Used for tamponade and closure of bleeding superficial wounds.

TUB. As one of the possible variants of the hemostatic agent in fig. 30 shows a means (158) which is a vessel (tube) (159), - a "container", most of which consists of a waterproof shell, and which contains a composition (b) of hemostatic agents, which is a gel, foam, paste, suspension, and which, as one of the possible variants of the foam, is given in the example

Mo 27, or as one of the possible variants of the gel is given in the example of Mo 10, or as one of the possible variants of the suspension is given in the example of Mo 12, or as one of the possible variants of the paste is given in the example of Mo 6.

The device (158) shown in fig. 30, consists of a tube (159) with a spout (160) with an opening (162) and a protective cap (161). In the tube 159 there is a hemostatic composition (b) in the form of a gel, foam, suspension or paste. To apply the agent (158) to a bleeding wound, remove the cap (161), direct the opening (162) of the nozzle (160) to the damaged tissue or wound, squeeze and apply the required amount of hemostatic composition to the wound.

The following implementation of the utility model provides that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - means (151), in which part of the "container" has a waterproof shell, is presented in fig. 29, consists of a cylinder (152), a valve (153), a sprayer (154) and a cap (155) that protects the sprayer.

FOAM CAN. The following implementation of the useful model assumes that such a "tool", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic tool - tool (156), is presented in fig. 29, and which consists of a cylinder (152), a valve (153), an atomizer (154) and a cap (155) protecting the atomizer. In the balloon (152) there is a hemostatic composition, which is given as one of the possible options in example Mo 27. When pressing the valve (153) of the sprayer (154), this composition due to the presence in it of the moisture-retaining hemostatic agent carboxymethylcellulose, which is a foaming agent, and additional foaming agent (157), which is an organic hemostatic agent polyvinyl acetate, which is part of the specified hemostatic composition, exits through the hole (162) in the form of foam. To apply the agent (156) to a bleeding wound, remove the cap (155), direct the opening (162) of the sprayer (154) to the damaged tissue or wound, press the valve (153) and apply the required amount of hemostatic composition to the wound.

STERILITY. A further implementation of the utility model provides that such a "means", which, as one possible variant of the hemostatic agent - means (199) consists of any of the above means, placed in a sealed sterile package, the shape of which corresponds to the shape of the "means" . Before using any of the previous "means", you should open the package and take out the "means".

The essence of a useful model is also explained by concrete examples of obtaining a hemostatic agent.

Example 1.

Generalized quantitative composition of the composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - from 0.001 95 to 30 95, binding dust suppressant hemostatic agent - from 0.001 95 to 50 95, inorganic hemostatic agent - from 0.001 95 to 50 95, organic hemostatic agent - from 0.001 95 to 50 95, which is a solution or suspension or foam or paste or gel or powder, and in which

The total content of moisture-retaining, binding, dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 100 95.

Example 2.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - 30 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - 35 9bo, inorganic hemostatic agent - 34.999 95, organic hemostatic agent - 0.001 95, which is a powder, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 100 95.

Example 3.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - 0.001 Ob, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - 50 bo, inorganic hemostatic agent - 24,999 95, organic hemostatic agent - 25 95, which is a powder, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 100 95.

Example 4.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - 29.999 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - 0.001 95, inorganic hemostatic agent - 42 95, organic hemostatic agent - 28 95,

Which is a gel, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 100 95 (without taking into account moisture, if it is present).

Example 5.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - 10 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - 31 Ob, as an inorganic hemostatic agent - 0.001 95, as an organic hemostatic agent - 44.999 9, which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 86 95, and everything else (14 9b) - water.

Example 6.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - 21 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - 33 bo, as an inorganic hemostatic agent - 25 95, as an organic hemostatic agent - 21 95, which is a paste, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 100 95 (excluding moisture, if any) .

Example 7.

Composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that said agents are contained in the following ratio of components:

Zo moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - 4 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - 48 Ob, inorganic hemostatic agent - 28 95, organic hemostatic agent - 20 95, which is a foam, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, dust-suppressing binder, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 100 95 (excluding moisture, if any).

Example 8.

Composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that these agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - 3.5 9o, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - 32 Ob, inorganic hemostatic agent - 21 95, organic hemostatic agent - 22 95, which is a solution, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 78.5 95, and everything else (11, 5 Fo) - water.

Example 9.

Composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that these agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (cellulose aldoxide) - 2 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 11 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (calcium chloride) - 21.49 95, organic hemostatic agent (collagen) - 0.1 95, which is a solution, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 35 95, and everything else (65 95) is water (65 kg).

Example 10.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (sodium alginate) - 0.1 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 0.1 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (titanium oxide) - 20 95, organic hemostatic agent (vitamin K) - 0.001 95, which is a gel in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 20,201 95, and everything else (79,799 Fo) is water (79,799 kg).

Example 11.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - 30 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - 11 Ob, inorganic hemostatic agent - 50 95, organic hemostatic agent - 9 95, which is a powder, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 100 95.

Example 12.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - 0.001 Ob, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - 20 Ob, as an inorganic hemostatic agent - 10 95, as an organic hemostatic agent - 15 95, which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 45.001 95, and the rest is water.

Example 13.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which is characterized by the fact that as a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent it contains glycerin (10 g), as a binding dust-inhibiting hemostatic agent it contains chitosan (17 g), as an organic hemostatic agent it contains gallic acid (21 g), as an inorganic hemostatic agent contains bentonite (28 g), which is made in the form of a suspension using 24 g of water.

Example 14.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which is characterized by the fact that as a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent it contains carboxymethyl cellulose (20 g), as a binding, dust-precipitating hemostatic agent it contains sodium alginate (0.001 g), as an organic hemostatic agent it contains gelatin (5 g), as an inorganic hemostatic agent contains calcium orthophosphate (21 g), which is made in the form of a suspension using 43.999 g of water.

Example 15.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which is characterized by the fact that as a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent it contains chitosan (5 g), as a binding pilopryngifying hemostatic agent it contains the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (3 g), as an organic hemostatic agent it contains tannin (7 g), as an inorganic hemostatic agent the agent contains calcium glycerophosphate (0.001 g), which was prepared in the form of a solution using 84.999 g of water.

Example 16.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which is characterized by the fact that it contains chitosan (30 g) as a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent, calcium alginate (50 g) as a binding piloprogantizing hemostatic agent, quercetin (0.001 g) as an organic hemostatic agent, and as an inorganic hemostatic agent contains kaolin (19.999 g), which is made in the form of a powder.

Example 17.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which is characterized by the fact that as a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent it contains glycerin (5 g), as a binding dust-inhibiting hemostatic agent it contains chitosan (30.5 g), as an inorganic hemostatic agent it contains bentonite (21 g), as an organic hemostatic agent the agent contains gallic acid (20.5 g), which is made into a paste using 23 g of water.

Example 18.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which is characterized by the fact that as a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent it contains carboxymethyl cellulose (0.009 g), as a binding dust-precipitating hemostatic agent it contains sodium alginate (0.001 g), as an inorganic hemostatic agent it contains calcium orthophosphate (31 g), as an organic hemostatic the agent contains gelatin (11 g), which is made in the form of a suspension using 57.09 g of water.

Example 19.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which is characterized by the fact that as a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent it contains chitosan (5 kg), as a binding dust-precipitating hemostatic agent it contains glycerin (31 kg), as an inorganic hemostatic agent it contains calcium glycerophosphate (0.009 kg), as an organic hemostatic agent contains calcium alginate (21 kg), which is made in the form of a solution using 42.991 kg of water.

Example 20.

Composition of hemostatic agents, which is characterized by the fact that it contains chitosan (28 g) as a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent, carboxymethyl cellulose (50 g) as a binder, and carboxymethyl cellulose (50 g) as an inorganic hemostatic agent contains kaolin (21.999 g) as an organic hemostatic agent contains quercetin (0.001 g), which is made in the form of a powder.

Example 21.

Composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (polyacrylic acid) - Z Fo, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - ZO 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (bentonite) - 20 95, organic hemostatic agent (tannin) - 20 95, which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding

Of dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 73 95, and everything else (27 Ov) - water (37 g).

Example 22.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (oxidized cellulose) - 2.1 9o, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (PVA) - 0.01 9, inorganic hemostatic agent (calcium phosphate) - 19 Ob, organic hemostatic agent (gelatin) - 0.09 90, and which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 21.2 95, and everything else (78.8 Us) - water (78.8 g).

Example 23.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (sodium alginate) - 0.02 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - ZO 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (barium titanate) - 17 95, organic hemostatic agent (polyvinylpyrrolidone) - 20 9o, which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic of hemostatic agents is 67.02 95, and everything else (32.98 95) is water (32.98 g).

Example 24.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (modified starch) - 2.9 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 29.01 9o, because inorganic hemostatic agent (kaolin) - 0.09 95,

organic hemostatic agent (tannin) - 19 95, which is a gel, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 51 9b, and everything else (49 9) is water (49 g).

Example 25.

A composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (guar gum) - 2.1 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (polyethylene glycol) - 15 Ob, inorganic hemostatic agent (calcium glycerophosphate) - 10 95, organic hemostatic agent (gallic acid) - 11.9 95, which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, of inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 39 95, and everything else (61 9) is water (61 g).

Example 26.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (iron polyacrylate) - 0.04 9o, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (pectin) - 0.06 bo, inorganic hemostatic agent - (barium sulfate) 19 95, organic hemostatic agent (tannin) - 18.9 95, which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant , inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 28 95, and everything else (72 9) - water (72 g).

Example 27.

A composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by

Of which the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (carboxymethyl cellulose) - 2.5 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 28.4 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (silicon oxide) - 0.02 95, organic hemostatic agent (polyvinyl acetate) - 0.08 95, which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 31 95, and everything else (69 9) - water (69 g ).

Example 28.

A composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (gum arabic) - 0.01 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 15.49 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (zeolite) - 15 95, organic hemostatic agent (tannin) - 18.5 95, which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, of inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 49 95, and everything else (51 9) is water (51 g).

Example 29.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that these agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (agar) - C 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent ( polyvinyl alcohol) - 12.59 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (calcium tripolyphosphate) - 14.4 9o, organic hemostatic agent (hyaluronic acid) - 0.01 b, which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 30 95, and everything else (70 Us) - water (70 g). 60 Example 30.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (gelatin) - 2 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent ( glycerin) - 20 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (aluminum oxide) - 12 95, organic hemostatic agent (polyvinylpyrrolidone) - 20 Fo, which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 54 95, and everything else (46 9) - water (46 g).

Example 31.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (methyl ether of polyacrylic acid) - 1.2 bo, zv' caustic piloprepregnichestiv hemostatic agent (carboxyethyl cellulose) - 0.1 9, inorganic hemostatic agent (calcium hydroxide) - 11 Ob, organic hemostatic agent (chitosan) - 0.7 Fo, which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, of caustic dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 13 95, and everything else (87 Us) - water (87 g).

Example 32.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (dextrin) - 0.2 Ob, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 20 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (sodium and potassium silicate) - 10.8 95, organic hemostatic agent (polyvinylpyrrolidone) - 20 9o,

Which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 51 95, and everything else (49 9) is water (49 g).

Example 33.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (polyvinyl acetate) - 1.9 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 19.1 9, inorganic hemostatic agent (aluminum oxide) - 0.5 95, organic hemostatic agent (tannin) - 18.5 95, which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 30 95, and everything else (70 Us) - water (70 g).

Example 34.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (tare gum) - 1.7 9o, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 20 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (bentonite) - 10 95, organic hemostatic agent (polyvinyl alcohol) - 13.3 Uo, which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding, dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 45 95, and everything else (65 9) is water (65 g).

Example 35.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that these agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (pectin) - 0.4. About, because a binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (polyethylene glycol) - 0.6 o,

inorganic hemostatic agent (zeolite) - 18 95, organic hemostatic agent (tannin) - 17 95, which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 36 95, and everything else ( 64 9) - water (64 g).

Example 36.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (cyclodextrin) - 1.6 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 19 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (oxidized carbon) - 0.4 95, organic hemostatic agent (sodium polyacrylate) - 1 Ob, which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 22 95, and everything else (78 9) is water (78 g).

Example 37.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (carrageenan) - 0.1 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (polyvinyl alcohol) - 12 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (zirconium oxide) - 13 95, organic hemostatic agent (tannin) - 16.9 9, which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 42 95, and everything else (58 9bs) - water (58 g).

Example 38.

A composition of hemostatic agents, which contains a moisture-retaining, binding agent

With dust-inhibiting, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that these agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (calcium alginate) - 2 95, binding dust-inhibiting hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 11 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (titanium oxide) - 14.9 95, organic hemostatic agent (collagen) - 0.1 95, which is a solution, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 28 95, and all other (72.9 Fo) - water (72.9 g).

Example 39.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (polyethylene glycol) - 1.1 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 11 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (calcium chloride) - 14.9 95, organic hemostatic agent (ascorbic acid) - 0.1 Ob, which is a solution, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant , inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 27.1 95, and everything else (72.9 Fo) - water (72.9 g).

Example 40.

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (carboxymethyl cellulose) - 2 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent ( glycerin) - 18.4 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (silicon oxide) - 0.02 95, organic hemostatic agent (polyvinyl acetate) - 1.58 95, which is a foam in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 22 95, and everything else (78 9) is water (78 g).

Example 41.

Suspension.

A measure of tannin (18.5 g) is dissolved in 10 g of water and 19.1 g of glycerol under heating and "Solution 1" is obtained. Then, a measure of aluminum oxide (0.5 g) is added to this solution and suspended in an ultrasonic bath while stirring to obtain "Solution 2". Next, a measure of polyvinyl acetate (1.9 g) is poured into the reactor with 50 g of water and mixed with heating until the PVA is completely dissolved and the "Solution 3" suspension is obtained. Next, "Solution 2" is added to "Solution 3" while stirring to form a homogeneous suspension ("Solution 4"). The carrier sample is impregnated in "Solution 4" by immersing the carrier in the specified solution and actively impregnating the carrier until the entire surface of the carrier is completely wet. After that, the obtained material (impregnated "carrier" is removed from the "Solution 4" solution, the excess amount of solution is squeezed out and dried to the required humidity.

Example 42.

Suspension.

A measure of tannin (5 g) is dissolved in 30 g of water and 10 g of glycerol under heating and "Solution 1" is obtained. Then, a portion of zeolite (1 g) is added to this solution and suspended in an ultrasonic bath while stirring to obtain a zeolite suspension "Solution 2". A measure of polyvinylpyrrolidone (2 g) is poured into a reactor with 52 g of water and mixed with heating until complete dissolution of polyvinylpyrrolidone and "Solution 3" is obtained. Next, a suspension of zeolite with tannin is added to "Solution 3" while stirring to form a homogeneous suspension ("Solution 4"). The "Solution 4" suspension is applied to the surface of the "carrier" by spraying until the entire surface of the "carrier" is completely and uniformly wetted. After that, the sample is dried to the required humidity.

Example 43.

Suspension.

A portion of gallic acid (10 g) is dissolved in 30 g of water and 15 g of glycerol under heating and "Solution 1" is obtained. A measure of bentonite (10 g) is added to "Solution 1" and suspended in an ultrasonic bath while stirring, and "Solution 2" is obtained. Next, a measure of sodium alginate (3 g) is introduced into the reactor with 32 g of water and mixed with heating until complete dissolution and "Solution 3" is obtained. Next, "Solution 2" is added to "Solution 3" while stirring to form a homogeneous suspension ("Solution 4"). Next, the suspension ("Solution 4") is impregnated into the "carrier" by using

From the slotted extrusion head (51I0i-die soaiipud rgose55), the resulting material is squeezed out with rollers and dried to the required humidity.

Example 44.

Suspension.

A measure of tannin (18.5 g) is dissolved in 10 g of water and 19.1 g of glycerol under heating and "Solution 1" is obtained. Then, a measure of aluminum oxide (0.5 g) is added to "Solution 1" and suspended in an ultrasonic bath while stirring, and "Solution 2" is obtained. A measure of polyvinyl acetate (1.9 g) is introduced into the reactor with 50 g of water and mixed with heating until the PVA is completely dissolved and "Solution 3" is obtained. Next, "Solution 2" is added to the "Solution 3" solution while stirring to obtain a homogeneous suspension ("Solution 4"). The resulting suspension ("Solution 4") is applied to the "carrier" by smearing (using a roller, brush, etc.) until the entire surface of the "carrier" is evenly wetted. After that, the obtained material is squeezed and dried to the required moisture content.

Example 45.

Solution.

A measure of tannin (18.5 g) is dissolved in 10 g of water and 19.1 g of glycerol under heating and "Solution 1" is obtained. Then, a measure of calcium chloride (0.5 g) is added to "Solution 1" and dissolved in an ultrasonic bath while stirring, and "Solution 2" is obtained. Next, a measure of polyvinyl acetate (1.9 g) is added to the reactor with 50 g of water and mixed with heating until the PVA is completely dissolved and "Solution 3" is obtained. Next, "Solution 2" is added to "Solution 3" with stirring and "Solution 4" is obtained. Next, the carrier is impregnated in "Solution 4" by immersing the "carrier" in the specified solution until the entire surface of the "carrier" is completely wet. After that, the impregnated material is removed from the solution, the excess amount of solution is squeezed out and dried to the required humidity.

Example 46.

Solution.

A measure of tannin (5 g) is dissolved in 30 g of water and 10 g of glycerol under heating and "Solution 1" is obtained. Then, a measure of calcium chloride (1 g) is added to "Solution 1" and dissolved with stirring to obtain "Solution 2". Then, a measure of polyvinylpyrrolidone (2 g) is introduced into the reactor with 52 g of water and mixed with heating until the polyvinylpyrrolidone is completely dissolved and "Solution 3" is obtained. Then "Solution 2" is added to "Solution 3" with stirring and "Solution 4" is obtained.

"Solution 4" is applied to the surface of the "carrier" by spraying until the entire surface of the "carrier" is fully and uniformly wetted, after which the sample is dried to the required humidity.

Example 47.

Solution.

A portion of gallic acid (10 g) is dissolved in 30 g of water and 15 g of glycerol under heating and "Solution 1" is obtained. A measure of calcium glycerophosphate (10 g) is added to "Solution 1" and suspended in an ultrasonic bath with stirring to obtain "Solution 2". Next, a measure of sodium alginate (3 g) is introduced into the reactor with 32 g of water and mixed with heating until complete dissolution and "Solution 3" is obtained. Next, "Solution 2" is added to "Solution 3" while stirring to form a homogeneous suspension ("Solution 4"). Next, the suspension ("Solution 4") is impregnated into the "carrier" by using a slotted extrusion head (5Ioi-die soaipud rgose55), squeezed with rollers and the resulting material is dried to the required humidity.

Example 48.

Zioi-aiv gel.

A measure of tannin (20 g) is dissolved in 20 g of water and 4 g of glycerol under heating and "Solution 1" is obtained. Then, a measure of titanium dioxide (10 g) is added to "Solution 1" and suspended in an ultrasonic bath while stirring, and a suspension of titanium dioxide "Solution 2" is obtained.

The "carrier" sample is immersed in the suspension and actively soaked until the entire surface of the "carrier" is completely wet.

After that, the material is removed, the excess amount of "Solution 2" is squeezed out. Next, a measure of guar gum (3 g) is introduced into the reactor with 43 g of water and mixed with heating until the gum is completely dissolved and "Solution 3" is obtained. After that, "Solution 3") is applied to the sample (pre-dried or non-dried) by using a slotted extrusion head (5101- soayipud rgose55), pressed with rollers and the resulting material is dried to the required humidity.

Example 49.

Foam Spray.

A measure of ellagic acid (10 g) is dissolved in 20 g of water and 5 g of glycerol under heating and "Solution 1" is obtained. Then a measure of kaolin (5 g) is added to "Solution 1" and suspended on

"Solution 2" suspension is obtained from the ultrasonic bath during mixing. The "carrier" sample is immersed in the suspension ("Solution 2") and actively soaked until the entire surface of the carrier is completely wet. After that, the material is removed, the excess amount of "Solution 2" is squeezed out. Next, a portion of chitosan (1 g) is introduced into the reactor with 54 g of water and 5 g of acetic acid (99.8 95) and mixed with heating until complete dissolution of chitosan and "Solution 3" is obtained. After that, on the impregnated sample (pre-dried or not dried), "Solution 3" is applied in the form of foam by spraying, the excess amount of "Solution 3" is squeezed out with the help of rollers and dried to the required humidity.

Claims (3)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. Hemostatic composition containing moisture-retaining, binding, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents contain the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - from 0.001 95 to 30 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - from 0.001 95 to 50 95, as an inorganic hemostatic agent - from 0.001 95 to 50 95, as an organic hemostatic agent - from 0.001 95 to 50 95, in which the total content of agents is less than 100 95 or 100 95. 2. Hemostatic composition according to claim 1, which differs in that it is a solution or suspension, or foam, or paste, or gel, or powder, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding, dust-suppressing, inorganic, and organic hemostatic agents is less 100 95 or 100 95. 3. A hemostatic composition according to any of the previous items, which is characterized by the fact that as a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent it contains a substance selected from the group that includes, but is not limited to: carboxymethylcellulose and/or its salts, and/or glycerin; as a binding dust suppressant hemostatic agent contains a substance selected from the group that includes, but is not limited to: synthetic and/or natural, including modified, polysaccharides, in particular carboxymethyl cellulose, starch, agar-agar, gum arabic, dextrin; as an organic hemostatic agent contains polyphenol and/or its components, in particular tannin and/or tannic, 60 and/or gallic and/or digalic acid, and/or flavonoids, in particular rutin and/or quercetin, and/or selected mainly from the group of water-soluble polymers, including natural polymers, including chemically modified natural polymers, selected mainly from the group of cellulose derivatives, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dextrose, pectin, chitosan, agar-agar, gum arabic, collagen, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl acetate, and/or from the group of polyols, selected mainly from the group of glymes, glycerol and its esters; as an inorganic hemostatic agent includes water-insoluble and/or sparingly soluble oxides of natural and/or synthetic origin, selected preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of oxides of titanium, silicon, aluminum, etc., clays selected preferably, but not exclusively, from the group, containing kaolin, bentonite, etc. and/or minerals selected mainly, but not exclusively, zeolites, which, including, may be included in the composition of clays, metal salts, selected mainly, but not exclusively, from the group containing calcium, barium sulfates , titanates, phosphates, glycerophosphates, etc. 4. Hemostatic composition according to any of the previous items, which differs in that it has the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - from 0.01 95 to З 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - from 0.01 95 to ЗО 95 , as an inorganic hemostatic agent - from 0.01 95 to 20 95, as an organic hemostatic agent - from 0.01 95 to 20 95. 5. Hemostatic composition according to any of the previous items, which differs in that it has the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - from 0.1 905 to 2 Ob, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - from 0.1 95 to 20 95 , as an inorganic hemostatic agent - from 1 95 to 12 95, as an organic hemostatic agent - from 0.1 95 to 20 9. 6. Hemostatic composition according to any one of claims 1-4, which is characterized in that at least one of the inorganic hemostatic agents has radiopaque properties. 7. 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