TWM654321U - Electrically controlled panel and display apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A electrically controlled panel including a first electrically controlled device, a first polarizing layer and a first compensation film is provided. The first electrically controlled device includes a first alignment layer, a second alignment layer and a first liquid crystal layer. The first alignment layer has a first alignment direction. The second alignment layer has a second alignment direction. The first liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer. An angle included between the first alignment direction and the second alignment direction is between 75 degrees and 105 degrees. A phase retardation of the first liquid crystal is between 400 nm and 600 nm or between 800 nm and 1200 nm. The first polarizing layer is disposed on a side of the first alignment layer away from the first liquid crystal layer, and has a first absorption axis parallel to or perpendicular to the first alignment direction. The first compensation film is disposed on a side of the first polarizing layer provided with the first electrically controlled device. A display apparatus adopting the electrically controlled panel is also provided.

Description

Electronic control panel and display device

This novel invention relates to a panel and an electronic device, and in particular to an electric control panel and a display device.

Generally speaking, in order to allow multiple viewers to watch together, display devices usually have a wide viewing angle display effect. However, in certain situations or occasions, such as browsing private web pages, confidential information or entering passwords in public, the wide viewing angle display effect can easily allow the screen to be viewed by others, resulting in the leakage of confidential information.

On the other hand, in order to improve driving safety, existing in-vehicle display devices can also be designed to have a one-side anti-peeping effect. For example, when the vehicle is moving, whether the bright light of the in-vehicle display device (especially at night) interferes with the driver, or the display content distracts the driver, it will endanger driving safety. However, when the vehicle is stationary, the driver still hopes to be able to view the display content of the in-vehicle display device. Therefore, providing a display device with an electronically controllable viewing angle range and good light filtering ability at the anti-peeping viewing angle is an issue that needs to be solved urgently.

The "Prior Art" paragraph is only used to help understand the content of this novel creation. Therefore, the content disclosed in the "Prior Art" paragraph may contain some knowledge that does not constitute the common knowledge of the relevant technical field. The content disclosed in the "Prior Art" paragraph does not mean that the content or the problems to be solved by one or more embodiments of this novel creation have been known or recognized by the relevant technical field before the application of this novel creation.

This novel invention provides an electric control panel, which has a better electric control filtering effect within a specific viewing angle range.

This novel invention provides a display device that can effectively suppress wide viewing angle light leakage in narrow viewing angle mode.

Other purposes and advantages of this novel creation can be further understood from the technical features disclosed by this novel creation.

To achieve one or part or all of the above purposes or other purposes, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electric control panel. The electric control panel includes a first electric control element, a first polarizing layer and a first compensation film. The first electric control element includes a first alignment layer, a second alignment layer and a first liquid crystal layer. The first alignment layer has a first alignment direction. The second alignment layer has a second alignment direction. The first liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer. The angle between the first alignment direction of the first alignment layer and the second alignment direction of the second alignment layer is between 75 degrees and 105 degrees. The phase delay of the first liquid crystal layer is between 400nm and 600nm or between 800nm and 1200nm. The first polarizing layer is disposed on a side of the first alignment layer away from the first liquid crystal layer and has a first absorption axis parallel or perpendicular to the first alignment direction. The first compensation film is disposed on a side of the first polarizing layer where the first electric control element is disposed.

To achieve one or part or all of the above purposes or other purposes, an embodiment of the present novel creation proposes a display device. The display device includes a backlight module, a display panel, a first electric control element, a first polarizing layer, a second polarizing layer and a first compensation film. The display panel is arranged on the backlight module. The first electric control element is arranged between the backlight module and the display panel, and includes a first alignment layer, a second alignment layer and a first liquid crystal layer. The first alignment layer has a first alignment direction. The second alignment layer has a second alignment direction. The first liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer. The angle between the first alignment direction of the first alignment layer and the second alignment direction of the second alignment layer is between 75 degrees and 105 degrees. The phase retardation of the first liquid crystal layer is between 400nm and 600nm or between 800nm and 1200nm. The first polarizing layer is disposed between the backlight module and the first electric control element, and has a first absorption axis parallel to or perpendicular to the first orientation direction. The second polarizing layer is disposed between the display panel and the first electric control element, and has a second absorption axis parallel to or perpendicular to the second orientation direction. The first compensation film is disposed between the first polarizing layer and the second polarizing layer.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the axial direction of the second absorption axis of the second polarizing layer of the above-mentioned display device is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first absorption axis of the first polarizing layer.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the phase retardation of the first liquid crystal layer of the above-mentioned display device is between 400nm and 600nm, and the out-of-plane phase retardation of the first compensation film is between -50nm and -200nm.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the phase retardation of the first liquid crystal layer of the display device is between 800nm and 1200nm, and the out-of-plane phase retardation of the first compensation film is between -100nm and -400nm.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the display device further includes a second compensation film disposed between the second polarizing layer and the first electric control element. The first compensation film is disposed between the first polarizing layer and the first electric control element. The sum of the out-of-plane phase retardation of the first compensation film and the out-of-plane phase retardation of the second compensation film is between -100nm and -400nm or between -50nm and -200nm.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the out-of-plane phase retardation of the first compensation film of the display device is equal to the out-of-plane phase retardation of the second compensation film.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first compensation film of the display device is a dual-axis compensation film. The dual-axis compensation film has an in-plane phase retardation along the optical axis. The optical axis is parallel or perpendicular to the first absorption axis of the first polarizing layer or the second absorption axis of the second polarizing layer.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the display device further includes a second electric control element and a half-wave plate. The second electric control element is disposed between the first electric control element and the display panel, and includes a third alignment layer, a fourth alignment layer and a second liquid crystal layer. The third alignment layer has a third alignment direction. The fourth alignment layer has a fourth alignment direction. The second liquid crystal layer is disposed between the third alignment layer and the fourth alignment layer. The angle between the third alignment direction of the third alignment layer and the fourth alignment direction of the fourth alignment layer is between 165 degrees and 195 degrees. The angle between the second alignment direction and the third alignment direction is between 30 degrees and 60 degrees, or between 120 degrees and 150 degrees. The half-wave plate is disposed between the second polarizing layer and the second electric control element.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the display device further includes a second electric control element, which is disposed between the first electric control element and the display panel, and includes a third alignment layer, a fourth alignment layer and a second liquid crystal layer. The third alignment layer has a third alignment direction. The fourth alignment layer has a fourth alignment direction. The second liquid crystal layer is disposed between the third alignment layer and the fourth alignment layer. The angle between the third alignment direction of the third alignment layer and the fourth alignment direction of the fourth alignment layer is between 75 degrees and 105 degrees. The second alignment direction of the second alignment layer is parallel or perpendicular to the third alignment direction of the third alignment layer.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first compensation film of the display device is a C-plate compensation film.

Based on the above, in the electronic control panel and display device of the present invention, the angle between the two alignment directions of the two alignment layers of the first electronic control element is between 75 degrees and 105 degrees. One of the alignment layers is provided with a polarizing layer on the side facing away from the liquid crystal layer, and the absorption axis of the polarizing layer is perpendicular or parallel to the alignment direction of the alignment layer. Accordingly, the electronic control panel can have a light filtering capability within a single-sided viewing angle range in a specific direction. By providing a compensation film on the side of the polarizing layer where the liquid crystal layer is provided and controlling the phase delay of the liquid crystal layer between 400nm and 600nm or 800nm and 1200nm, the overall filtering effect of the electric control panel within the single-sided viewing angle range and the anti-obscurity effect of the display device within the single-sided viewing angle range can be effectively improved.

In order to make the above features and advantages of this novel creation more clearly understood, the following is a specific implementation example and a detailed description with the attached diagrams.

10, 20, 30, 40: Display device

100: Backlight module

210: First electronic control element

220, 220A: Second electronic control element

250: Half wave plate

270, 271, 272: Compensation film

270A: Dual-axis compensation film

300: Display panel

AD1: First alignment direction

AD2: Second alignment direction

AD3, AD3-A: The third orientation direction

AD4, AD4-A: Fourth alignment direction

AL1: first alignment layer

AL2: Second alignment layer

AL3, AL3-A: The third alignment layer

AL4, AL4-A: Fourth alignment layer

AX1: First absorption axis

AX2: Second absorption axis

E1~E4: First electrode layer~fourth electrode layer

LC1, LC2, LC2A: Liquid crystal molecules

LCL1: first liquid crystal layer

LCL2, LCL2-A: Second liquid crystal layer

OA: optical axis

POL1~POL3: first polarizing layer~third polarizing layer

SUB1~SUB4: first substrate~fourth substrate

SX: Slow axis

X, Y, Z: direction

α1, α2, α3, α4, α3”, α4”, β1, β2, β3, γ1, γ2, γ2”, γ3, θ, φ: Angle

Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration relationship between the alignment direction of the alignment layer in Figure 1 and the absorption axis direction of the polarizing layer.

FIG3A is a graph showing transmittance versus viewing angle when the display device of the comparative example and the display device of FIG1 each have a liquid crystal layer with a phase delay of 1070.6 nm and operate in a narrow viewing angle mode.

FIG3B is a graph showing the transmittance versus viewing angle of the display device of the comparative example and the display device of FIG1 , each of which has a liquid crystal layer with a phase delay of 1070.6 nm and operates in a wide viewing angle mode.

FIG4A is a graph showing transmittance versus viewing angle when the display device of the comparative example and the display device of FIG1 each have a liquid crystal layer with a phase delay of 475 nm and operate in a narrow viewing angle mode.

FIG4B is a graph showing the transmittance versus viewing angle of the display device of the comparative example and the display device of FIG1 , each of which has a liquid crystal layer with a phase delay of 475 nm and operates in a wide viewing angle mode.

FIG5 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration relationship between the optical axis direction and the absorption axis direction of the polarizing layer when the first compensation film in FIG1 is a dual-axis compensation film.

FIG. 6A is a graph showing transmittance versus viewing angle when the display device of FIG. 1 has the configuration of FIG. 5 and a liquid crystal layer with a phase delay of 475 nm and operates in a narrow viewing angle mode.

FIG. 6B is a graph showing transmittance versus viewing angle when the display device of FIG. 1 has the configuration of FIG. 5 and a liquid crystal layer with a phase delay of 475 nm and operates in a wide viewing angle mode.

Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG8A is a graph showing transmittance versus viewing angle when the display device of FIG7 has a liquid crystal layer with a phase delay of 1070.6 nm and operates in a narrow viewing angle mode.

FIG8B is a graph showing transmittance versus viewing angle when the display device of FIG7 has a liquid crystal layer with a phase delay of 1070.6 nm and operates in a wide viewing angle mode.

Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG10 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration relationship between the alignment direction of the alignment layer in FIG9 , the absorption axis direction of the polarizing layer, and the slow axis direction of the half-wave plate.

Figure 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Figures 12A and 12B are schematic diagrams showing the configuration relationship between the alignment direction of the alignment layer in Figure 11 and the absorption axis direction of the polarizing layer.

The aforementioned and other technical contents, features and effects of the novel creation will be clearly presented in the detailed description of the preferred embodiment with reference to the following drawings. The directional terms mentioned in the following embodiments, such as up, down, left, right, front or back, etc., are only referenced to the directions of the attached drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are used to illustrate and not to limit the novel creation.

FIG1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the configuration relationship between the alignment direction of the alignment layer of FIG1 and the absorption axis direction of the polarizing layer. FIG3A is a curve diagram of the transmittance versus viewing angle when the display device of the comparative example and the display device of FIG1 each have a liquid crystal layer with a phase delay of 1070.6 nm and operate in a narrow viewing angle mode. FIG3B is a curve diagram of the transmittance versus viewing angle when the display device of the comparative example and the display device of FIG1 each have a liquid crystal layer with a phase delay of 1070.6 nm and operate in a wide viewing angle mode.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the display device 10 includes a backlight module 100, a first electric control element 210, a first polarizing layer POL1, a second polarizing layer POL2, a compensation film 270, and a display panel 300. The first electric control element 210 is disposed on the backlight module 100. The display panel 300 is disposed on the first electric control element 210. The first polarizing layer POL1 is disposed between the backlight module 100 and the first electric control element 210. The second polarizing layer POL2 is disposed between the first electric control element 210 and the display panel 300. The compensation film 270 is disposed between the first polarizing layer POL1 and the second polarizing layer POL2.

That is, in this embodiment, the first polarizing layer POL1, the first electric control element 210, the second polarizing layer POL2 and the display panel 300 are sequentially arranged on the backlight module 100 along the direction Z (as shown in FIG. 1). It is particularly noted that in this embodiment, the compensation film 270 can be selectively arranged between the first electric control element 210 and the second polarizing layer POL2. However, in another variant embodiment, the compensation film 270 can also be arranged between the first electric control element 210 and the first polarizing layer POL1. The display panel 300 is, for example, a liquid crystal display panel or other suitable non-spontaneous luminous display panel.

It is particularly noted that the first polarizing layer POL1, the second polarizing layer POL2, the first electric control element 210 and the compensation film 270 can constitute the electric control panel of the display device 10. That is, the remaining components of the display device 10 except the backlight module 100 and the display panel 300 can define the electric control panel of this embodiment. In this embodiment, the first polarizing layer POL1, the second polarizing layer POL2 and the compensation film 270 can each be a film independent of each other, such as a polarizer and a phase retardation film, but not limited to this. In other embodiments, the compensation film 270 and the second polarizing layer POL2 or the first polarizing layer POL1 can be integrated into a single polarizer with a phase compensation function.

In detail, the first electric control element 210 includes a first substrate SUB1, a second substrate SUB2, a first electrode layer E1, a second electrode layer E2, a first alignment layer AL1, a second alignment layer AL2 and a first liquid crystal layer LCL1. The first substrate SUB1 is provided with a first electrode layer E1 and a first alignment layer AL1 on a surface facing the second substrate SUB2. The second substrate SUB2 is provided with a second electrode layer E2 and a second alignment layer AL2 on a surface facing the first substrate SUB1. The first liquid crystal layer LCL1 is sandwiched between the first alignment layer AL1 and the second alignment layer AL2.

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 at the same time. The angle γ1 between the first alignment direction AD1 of the first alignment layer AL1 and the second alignment direction AD2 of the second alignment layer AL2 is between 75 degrees and 105 degrees. In this embodiment, the angle γ1 between the first alignment direction AD1 and the second alignment direction AD2 is, for example, 90 degrees. That is, the plurality of liquid crystal molecules LC1 of the first liquid crystal layer LCL1 are twistedly arranged along the direction Z (as shown in FIG. 1), that is, the first electric control element 210 can be a twisted nematic (TN) type electric control liquid crystal box.

In particular, the phase delay of the first liquid crystal layer LCL1 is between 400 nm and 600 nm or between 800 nm and 1200 nm. In this embodiment, the phase delay of the first liquid crystal layer LCL1 can be selectively between 800 nm and 1200 nm, for example, 1070.6 nm.

In the present embodiment, the display device 10 has a first viewing angle control axis parallel to the direction X (e.g., perpendicular to the direction Z). More specifically, the viewing angle range of the display device 10 along the first viewing angle control axis is electrically adjustable. In the present embodiment, the first alignment direction AD1 of the first alignment layer AL1 is perpendicular to the second alignment direction AD2 of the second alignment layer AL2, wherein the angle α1 between the first alignment direction AD1 and the direction X is, for example, 135 degrees, and the angle α2 between the second alignment direction AD2 and the direction X is, for example, 45 degrees, but not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the angle α1 may also be 45 degrees, and the angle α2 may also be 135 degrees.

Preferably, in the present embodiment, the axial direction of the first absorption axis AX1 of the first polarizing layer POL1 can be selectively parallel to the first alignment direction AD1 of the first alignment layer AL1, and the axial direction of the second absorption axis AX2 of the second polarizing layer POL2 can be selectively parallel to the second alignment direction AD2 of the second alignment layer AL2. That is, the axial direction of the first absorption axis AX1 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the second absorption axis AX2, the angle β1 between the first absorption axis AX1 and the direction X is 135 degrees, and the angle β2 between the second absorption axis AX2 and the direction X is 45 degrees. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the axial direction of the first absorption axis AX1 of the first polarizing layer POL1 may be perpendicular to the first alignment direction AD1 of the first alignment layer AL1, and the axial direction of the second absorption axis AX2 of the second polarizing layer POL2 may be perpendicular to the second alignment direction AD2 of the second alignment layer AL2.

來定義，其中nx、ny和nz分別為補償膜270沿著方向X、方向Y和方向Z的折射率，而d為補償膜270沿著方向Z的膜厚。舉例來說，補償膜270例如是C板補償膜(C-plate)。 On the other hand, the out-of-plane phase retardation of the compensation film 270 is between -50nm and -200nm or between -100nm and -400nm. In this embodiment, the out-of-plane phase retardation of the compensation film 270 is preferably between -100nm and -400nm. The out-of-plane phase retardation here is, for example,

, wherein nx, ny and nz are the refractive indices of the compensation film 270 along the directions X, Y and Z, respectively, and d is the film thickness of the compensation film 270 along the direction Z. For example, the compensation film 270 is a C-plate compensation film.

For example, in this embodiment, when the first electrode layer E1 and the second electrode layer E2 of the first electric control element 210 are not enabled, the viewing angle ranges of the display device 10 at different azimuths on the XY plane are substantially the same. When the first electrode layer E1 and the second electrode layer E2 of the first electric control element 210 are enabled, the display device 10 has a narrower viewing angle range in the direction parallel to the direction X, for example: the light within the side viewing angle range on one side of the front view direction can be effectively suppressed. Therefore, the direction parallel to or anti-parallel to the direction X in FIG. 2 can be defined as the first viewing angle control axis of the display device 10. It is particularly noted that the distribution of the viewing angle of the display device 10 at this time is asymmetric relative to the front view angle.

Please refer to FIG3A , curve C1p is a distribution curve of transmittance in parallel to the direction X versus viewing angle when the display device of the comparative example operates in the narrow viewing angle mode. The difference between the display device of the comparative example and the display device 10 of FIG1 is that the display device of the comparative example does not have the compensation film 270 of FIG1 . Curves C2p, C3p and C4p are distribution curves of transmittance in parallel to the direction X versus viewing angle when the compensation film 270 of the display device 10 has an out-of-plane phase retardation of -100nm, -200nm and -400nm respectively and operates in the narrow viewing angle mode.

As shown in FIG. 3A , the transmittance of the display device of the comparative example within the side viewing angle range of -50 degrees to -80 degrees is still greater than 5%. That is, the display device of the comparative example still has obvious light leakage within the side viewing angle range. In contrast, since the display device 10 of the present embodiment is provided with a compensation film 270, the transmittance of the display device 10 within the side viewing angle range can be controlled below 5%. In other words, the provision of the compensation film 270 can enhance the light filtering capability of the display device 10 within the side viewing angle range.

In addition, FIG. 3A also shows that when the out-of-plane phase retardation of the compensation film 270 is -200 nm, the light filtering effect of the display device 10 within the side viewing angle range and the transmittance performance within the other side viewing angle range in the normal viewing direction can be taken into account (for example, the greater the transmittance, the better).

Please refer to FIG. 3B , curve C1s is a distribution curve of transmittance in parallel to direction X versus viewing angle when the display device of the comparative example operates in wide viewing angle mode. Curves C2s, curve C3s, and curve C4s are distribution curves of transmittance in parallel to direction X versus viewing angle when the compensation film 270 of the display device 10 has an out-of-plane phase retardation of -100nm, -200nm, and -400nm, respectively, and operates in wide viewing angle mode. Except that the transmittance performance of the display device 10 is relatively poor when the out-of-plane phase retardation of the compensation film 270 is -400nm, the transmittance distribution of the display device 10 when the out-of-plane phase retardation of the compensation film 270 is -100nm or -200nm is equivalent to that of the display device of the comparative example.

As can be seen from FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B , in the display device 10 of this embodiment, when the phase retardation of the first liquid crystal layer LCL1 is 1070.6 nm, the optimal value of the out-of-plane phase retardation of the compensation film 270 is, for example, -200 nm. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

FIG4A is a curve diagram of transmittance versus viewing angle when the display device of the comparative example and the display device of FIG1 each have a liquid crystal layer with a phase delay of 475 nm and operate in a narrow viewing angle mode. FIG4B is a curve diagram of transmittance versus viewing angle when the display device of the comparative example and the display device of FIG1 each have a liquid crystal layer with a phase delay of 475 nm and operate in a wide viewing angle mode.

Please refer to Figures 1, 2 and 4A. Curve C5p is a distribution curve of transmittance in a direction parallel to the viewing angle of the display device of the comparative example when operating in a narrow viewing angle mode. Curves C6p, C7p and C8p are distribution curves of transmittance in a direction parallel to the viewing angle of the compensation film 270 of the display device 10 when the out-of-plane phase retardation is -100nm, -200nm and -400nm respectively and when operating in a narrow viewing angle mode.

As shown in FIG. 4A , when the phase retardation of the first liquid crystal layer LCL1 of the display device of the comparative example and the display device 10 of the present embodiment is reduced from 1070.6nm to 475nm, the transmittance of each of them within the side viewing angle range of -50 degrees to -80 degrees can be further reduced. Nevertheless, except that the transmittance of the display device 10 is relatively poor when the out-of-plane phase retardation of the compensation film 270 is -400nm, the transmittance of the display device 10 within the side viewing angle range is lower than that of the display device of the comparative example when the out-of-plane phase retardation of the compensation film 270 is -100nm or -200nm.

Please refer to Figures 1, 2 and 4B. Curve C5s is a distribution curve of transmittance in parallel to the direction X versus viewing angle when the display device of the comparative example operates in the wide viewing angle mode. Curves C6s, C7s and C8s are distribution curves of transmittance in parallel to the direction X versus viewing angle when the compensation film 270 of the display device 10 has an out-of-plane phase retardation of -100nm, -200nm and -400nm respectively and operates in the wide viewing angle mode. Except that the transmittance of the display device 10 is relatively poor when the out-of-plane phase retardation of the compensation film 270 is -400nm, the transmittance distribution of the display device 10 is equivalent to that of the display device of the comparative example when the out-of-plane phase retardation of the compensation film 270 is -100nm or -200nm.

As can be seen from FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B , in the display device 10 of this embodiment, when the phase retardation of the first liquid crystal layer LCL1 is 475 nm, the optimal value of the out-of-plane phase retardation of the compensation film 270 is, for example, -100 nm.

It is particularly noted that when the phase retardation of the first liquid crystal layer LCL1 of the first electric control element 210 is reduced from 1070.6nm to 475nm, the optimal value of the out-of-plane phase retardation of the compensation film 270 of the display device 10 is also reduced from -200nm to -100nm. In other words, the absolute value of the optimal value of the out-of-plane phase retardation of the compensation film 270 increases as the phase retardation of the first electric control element 210 increases.

In this embodiment, the compensation film 270 is, for example, a positive C-plate compensation film having a single optical axis. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the configuration relationship between the optical axis direction and the absorption axis direction of the polarizing layer when the first compensation film of FIG1 is a biaxial compensation film. FIG6A is a curve diagram of transmittance versus viewing angle when the display device of FIG1 has the configuration of FIG5 and a liquid crystal layer with a phase delay of 475nm and operates in a narrow viewing angle mode. FIG6B is a curve diagram of transmittance versus viewing angle when the display device of FIG1 has the configuration of FIG5 and a liquid crystal layer with a phase delay of 475nm and operates in a wide viewing angle mode.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 5 , the compensation film 270 of the display device 10 may also be replaced by a dual-axis compensation film 270A, wherein the dual-axis compensation film 270A has an in-plane phase retardation along an optical axis OA, and the axial direction of the optical axis OA may be parallel or perpendicular to the first absorption axis AX1 of the first polarizing layer POL1 or the second absorption axis AX2 of the second polarizing layer POL2. For example, in this embodiment, the optical axis OA of the dual-axis compensation film 270A is parallel to the second absorption axis AX2 and perpendicular to the first absorption axis AX1. That is, the angle φ between the optical axis OA of the dual-axis compensation film 270A and the direction X is 45 degrees, but not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the optical axis OA of the dual optical axis compensation film 270A may be perpendicular to the second absorption axis AX2 and parallel to the first absorption axis AX1.

5, 6A and 6B, curve C6p is a distribution curve of transmittance in parallel to the direction X versus viewing angle when the out-of-plane phase retardation of the compensation film 270 of the display device 10 is -100nm and operates in the narrow viewing angle mode. Curve C9p is a distribution curve of transmittance in parallel to the direction X versus viewing angle when the compensation film of the display device 10 is a biaxial compensation film 270A and operates in the narrow viewing angle mode. Curve C6s is a distribution curve of transmittance in parallel to the direction X versus viewing angle when the out-of-plane phase retardation of the compensation film 270 of the display device 10 is -100nm and operates in the wide viewing angle mode. Curve C9s is a distribution curve of transmittance versus viewing angle in a direction parallel to the direction X when the compensation film of the display device 10 is the biaxial compensation film 270A and operates in a wide viewing angle mode. The in-plane phase retardation (R0) of the biaxial compensation film 270A is, for example, 50nm, and the out-of-plane phase retardation (Rth) is, for example, -150nm.

As can be seen from FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B , whether the display device 10 uses a single-axis compensation film 270 or a dual-axis compensation film 270A, the distribution of the transmittance to the viewing angle when operating in the narrow viewing angle mode or the wide viewing angle mode is not very different. For example, both can effectively suppress the light leakage of the display device 10 operating in the narrow viewing angle mode within the side viewing angle range of -50 degrees to -80 degrees.

The following will list some other embodiments to illustrate the present disclosure in detail, wherein the same components will be marked with the same symbols, and the description of the same technical content will be omitted. For the omitted parts, please refer to the aforementioned embodiments, and no further description will be given below.

FIG7 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG8A is a curve diagram of transmittance versus viewing angle when the display device of FIG7 has a liquid crystal layer with a phase delay of 1070.6 nm and operates in a narrow viewing angle mode. FIG8B is a curve diagram of transmittance versus viewing angle when the display device of FIG7 has a liquid crystal layer with a phase delay of 1070.6 nm and operates in a wide viewing angle mode.

Referring to FIG. 7 , the difference between the display device 20 of this embodiment and the display device 10 of FIG. 1 is that the number of compensation films is different. For example, in this embodiment, the display device 20 (or the electric control panel) has two compensation films, such as a first compensation film 271 and a second compensation film 272. The first compensation film 271 is disposed between the first electric control element 210 and the first polarizing layer POL1. The second compensation film 272 is disposed between the first electric control element 210 and the second polarizing layer POL2.

It is particularly noted that in this embodiment, the sum of the out-of-plane phase retardation of the first compensation film 271 and the out-of-plane phase retardation of the second compensation film 272 is between -100nm and -400nm or between -50nm and -200nm. For example, in this embodiment, the phase retardation of the first liquid crystal layer LCL1 is 1070.6nm, and the out-of-plane phase retardation of the first compensation film 271 and the second compensation film 272 is equal to each other and is -100nm.

8A and 8B, curves C2p and C3p are distribution curves of transmittance in parallel to the direction X versus viewing angle when the out-of-plane phase retardation of the compensation film 270 of the display device 10 of FIG. 1 is -100nm and -200nm respectively and the display device 10 is operated in the narrow viewing angle mode. Curve C10p is distribution curves of transmittance in parallel to the direction X versus viewing angle when the out-of-plane phase retardation of the two compensation films of the display device 20 (as shown in FIG. 7) of the present embodiment is -100nm and the display device 20 is operated in the narrow viewing angle mode. Curves C2s and C3s are distribution curves of transmittance in parallel to the direction X versus viewing angle when the out-of-plane phase retardation of the compensation film 270 of the display device 10 of FIG. 1 is -100nm and -200nm respectively and the display device 10 is operated in the wide viewing angle mode. Curve C10s is a distribution curve of transmittance in parallel to direction X versus viewing angle when the out-of-plane phase retardation of each of the two compensation films of the display device 20 of this embodiment is -100nm and the display device is operated in a wide viewing angle mode.

As can be seen from the figure, the display device 20 having the first compensation film 271 and the second compensation film 272, and the sum of the out-of-plane phase retardation of the two compensation films is -200nm, has a transmittance at different viewing angles that is roughly equivalent to the transmittance of the display device 10 having the out-of-plane phase retardation of the compensation film 270 being -200nm.

It is worth mentioning that in this embodiment, since the first compensation film 271 and the second compensation film 272 are respectively disposed on the opposite sides of the first electric control element 210, and the out-of-plane phase delays of the two compensation films are equal to each other, when the display device 20 operates in the wide viewing angle mode, the chromaticity difference of the display screen at the front viewing angle and the side viewing angle can be effectively reduced.

FIG9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the configuration relationship between the alignment direction of the alignment layer of FIG9 , the absorption axis direction of the polarizing layer, and the slow axis direction of the half-wave plate.

Referring to FIG. 9 , the main difference between the display device 30 of this embodiment and the display device 10 of FIG. 1 is that the number of electric control elements is different. For example, in this embodiment, the display device 30 (or electric control panel) further includes a second electric control element 220 and a half-wave plate 250. The second electric control element 220 is disposed between the first electric control element 210 (or the second polarizing layer POL2) and the display panel 300. The half-wave plate 250 is disposed between the second polarizing layer POL2 and the second electric control element 220.

Since the structural composition and configuration relationship of the first electric control element 210 and the compensation film 270 of this embodiment are similar to the first electric control element 210 and the compensation film 270 of FIG. 1 , please refer to the relevant paragraphs of the aforementioned embodiment for detailed description. Therefore, the display device 30 of this embodiment also has the relevant technical effects generated by the configuration relationship of the phase retardation of the first liquid crystal layer LCL1 and the out-of-plane phase retardation of the compensation film 270 in the aforementioned embodiment, which will not be elaborated here.

In detail, the second electric control element 220 includes a third substrate SUB3, a fourth substrate SUB4, a third electrode layer E3, a fourth electrode layer E4, a third alignment layer AL3, a fourth alignment layer AL4 and a second liquid crystal layer LCL2. The third substrate SUB3 is provided with a third electrode layer E3 and a third alignment layer AL3 on a side surface facing the fourth substrate SUB4. The fourth substrate SUB4 is provided with a fourth electrode layer E4 and a fourth alignment layer AL4 on a side surface facing the third substrate SUB3. The second liquid crystal layer LCL2 is sandwiched between the third alignment layer AL3 and the fourth alignment layer AL4.

Please refer to Figures 9 and 10 at the same time. The angle γ2 between the third alignment direction AD3 of the third alignment layer AL3 and the fourth alignment direction AD4 of the fourth alignment layer AL4 is between 165 degrees and 195 degrees. The angle γ3 between the second alignment direction AD2 and the third alignment direction AD3 is between 30 degrees and 60 degrees, or between 120 degrees and 150 degrees. In other words, the plurality of liquid crystal molecules LC2 of the second liquid crystal layer LCL2 are generally arranged in parallel to each other (as shown in Figure 9), that is, the second electrically controlled element 220 can be an electrically controlled liquid crystal box of the electrically controlled birefringence (ECB) type.

Since the first electric control element 210 and the second electric control element 220 of this embodiment adopt different liquid crystal driving modes, the color deviation generated by the light from the backlight module 100 after passing through these electric control elements can be effectively suppressed.

In this embodiment, the angle α3 between the third alignment direction AD3 of the third alignment layer AL3 and the direction X (or the first viewing angle control axis) is, for example, 85 degrees, and the angle α4 between the fourth alignment direction AD4 of the fourth alignment layer AL4 and the direction X is, for example, -90 degrees. It should be noted that the negative angle here means that the angle is defined by the angle size that is based on the direction X and deviates from the direction X in the clockwise direction; conversely, if the angle is positive, it is defined by the angle size that is based on the direction X and deviates from the direction X in the counterclockwise direction.

On the other hand, the angle θ between the slow axis SX of the half wave plate 250 and the direction X is between 50 degrees and 80 degrees or between 140 degrees and 170 degrees. In the present embodiment, the angle θ is, for example, 65 degrees. That is, the axial direction of the slow axis SX of the half wave plate 250 of the present embodiment is between the second absorption axis AX2 of the second polarizing layer POL2 and the third alignment direction AD3 of the third alignment layer AL3.

Incidentally, based on the aforementioned configuration, the viewing angle range of the display device 30 in the direction X can be optimized by adjusting the applied voltage of the first electric control element 210. For example, the viewing angle range will move along the direction X as the applied voltage between the first electrode layer E1 and the second electrode layer E2 increases. On the other hand, the viewing angle range of the display device 30 in the direction Y can also be optimized by adjusting the applied voltage of the second electric control element 220. For example, the viewing angle range of the display device 30 in the direction Y will deviate from the normal viewing direction in the opposite direction of the direction Y as the applied voltage between the third electrode layer E3 and the fourth electrode layer E4 increases. That is to say, compared with the display device 10 in FIG. 1 , the display device 30 of this embodiment further has a second viewing angle control axis that is parallel to or anti-parallel to the direction Y.

FIG11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG12A and FIG12B are schematic diagrams of the configuration relationship between the alignment direction of the alignment layer of FIG11 and the absorption axis direction of the polarizing layer. Referring to FIG11 to FIG12B, the main difference between the display device 40 of this embodiment and the display device 30 of FIG9 is that the alignment method of the second liquid crystal layer of the second electric control element is different.

For example, in the display device 40 of the present embodiment, the angle γ2" between the third alignment direction AD3-A of the third alignment layer AL3-A of the second electric control element 220A and the fourth alignment direction AD4-A of the fourth alignment layer AL4-A is between 75 degrees and 105 degrees. In other words, the plurality of liquid crystal molecules LC2A of the second liquid crystal layer LCL2-A are twistedly arranged along the direction Z (as shown in FIG. 11 ), that is, the second electric control element 220A can be a twisted nematic (TN) type electric control liquid crystal cell.

In this embodiment, the third alignment direction AD3-A of the third alignment layer AL3-A is perpendicular to the fourth alignment direction AD4-A of the fourth alignment layer AL4-A, wherein the angle α3" between the third alignment direction AD3-A and the direction X is, for example, -45 degrees, and the angle α4" between the fourth alignment direction AD4 and the direction X is, for example, 225 degrees. From another point of view, in this embodiment, the third alignment direction AD3-A may be reversely parallel to the second alignment direction AD2 (as shown in Figures 12A and 12B), but is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the third alignment direction AD3-A may be parallel to or perpendicular to the second alignment direction AD2 in the same direction.

Furthermore, the display device 40 may also selectively include a third polarizing layer POL3, which is disposed between the second electric control element 220A and the display panel 300. In this embodiment, the axial direction of the third absorption axis AX3 of the third polarizing layer POL3 may be selectively parallel to the fourth alignment layer AL4-A. That is, the angle β3 between the third absorption axis AX3 and the direction X is 135 degrees. However, the novel creation is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the axial direction of the third absorption axis AX3 of the third polarizing layer POL3 may be perpendicular to the fourth alignment direction AD4-A of the fourth alignment layer AL4-A.

In the above configuration, the viewing angle range of the display device 40 of this embodiment in the direction X can be optimized by adjusting the applied voltage of the first electric control element 210 and the second electric control element 220A. For example, the viewing angle range will move along the direction X as the applied voltage between the first electrode layer E1 and the second electrode layer E2 and the applied voltage between the third electrode layer E3 and the fourth electrode layer E4 increase.

Since the structural composition and configuration relationship of the first electric control element 210 and the compensation film 270 of this embodiment are similar to the first electric control element 210 and the compensation film 270 of FIG. 1 , please refer to the relevant paragraphs of the aforementioned embodiment for detailed description. Therefore, the display device 40 of this embodiment also has the relevant technical effects generated by the configuration relationship of the phase retardation of the first liquid crystal layer LCL1 and the out-of-plane phase retardation of the compensation film 270 in the aforementioned embodiment, which will not be elaborated here.

It is particularly noted that in another variant embodiment, if the display panel 300 is a liquid crystal display panel and a polarizer is provided on one side of the second electric control element 220A, the third polarizing layer POL3 of this embodiment does not need to be provided. That is, the electric control panel and the display panel 300 can share the same polarizing layer.

In summary, in the electronic control panel and display device of the present invention, the angle between the two alignment directions of the two alignment layers of the first electronic control element is between 75 degrees and 105 degrees. One of the alignment layers is provided with a polarizing layer on the side facing away from the liquid crystal layer, and the absorption axis of the polarizing layer is perpendicular or parallel to the alignment direction of the alignment layer. Accordingly, the electronic control panel can have a light filtering capability within a single-sided viewing angle range in a specific direction. By providing a compensation film on the side of the polarizing layer where the liquid crystal layer is provided and controlling the phase delay of the liquid crystal layer between 400nm and 600nm or 800nm and 1200nm, the overall filtering effect of the electric control panel within the single-sided viewing angle range and the anti-obscurity effect of the display device within the single-sided viewing angle range can be effectively improved.

However, the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it cannot be used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. That is, all simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application and the new description of the present invention are still within the scope of the patent of the present invention. In addition, any embodiment or patent application of the present invention does not need to achieve all the purposes, advantages or features disclosed by the present invention. In addition, the abstract and title are only used to assist in searching for patent documents, and are not used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" mentioned in this specification or patent application are only used to name the element or distinguish different embodiments or scopes, and are not used to limit the upper or lower limit of the number of elements.

10: Display device

100: Backlight module

210: First electronic control element

270: Compensation film

300: Display panel

AL1: first alignment layer

AL2: Second alignment layer

E1: First electrode layer

E2: Second electrode layer

LC1: Liquid crystal molecule

LCL1: first liquid crystal layer

POL1: first polarizing layer

POL2: Second polarizing layer

SUB1: First substrate

SUB2: Second substrate

Z: Direction

Claims (11)

A display device, comprising: a backlight module; a display panel, arranged on the backlight module; a first electric control element, arranged between the backlight module and the display panel, and comprising: a first alignment layer, having a first alignment direction; a second alignment layer, having a second alignment direction; and a first liquid crystal layer, arranged between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer, wherein the angle between the first alignment direction of the first alignment layer and the second alignment direction of the second alignment layer is between 75 degrees and 105 degrees, and the phase delay of the first liquid crystal layer is between 400 nm and 600 nm or between 800 nm and 1200 nm; A first polarizing layer is disposed between the backlight module and the first electric control element, and has a first absorption axis parallel or perpendicular to the first orientation direction; A second polarizing layer is disposed between the display panel and the first electric control element, and has a second absorption axis parallel or perpendicular to the second orientation direction; and A first compensation film is disposed between the first polarizing layer and the second polarizing layer. A display device as described in claim 1, wherein the axial direction of the second absorption axis of the second polarizing layer is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first absorption axis of the first polarizing layer. The display device as described in claim 1, wherein the phase retardation of the first liquid crystal layer is between 400 nm and 600 nm, and the phase retardation outside one surface of the first compensation film is between -50 nm and -200 nm. The display device as described in claim 1, wherein the phase retardation of the first liquid crystal layer is between 800 nm and 1200 nm, and the phase retardation outside one surface of the first compensation film is between -100 nm and -400 nm. The display device as described in claim 1 further comprises: A second compensation film disposed between the second polarizing layer and the first electric control element, wherein the first compensation film is disposed between the first polarizing layer and the first electric control element, and the sum of the external phase retardation of one side of the first compensation film and the external phase retardation of one side of the second compensation film is between -100 nm and -400 nm or between -50 nm and -200 nm. A display device as described in claim 5, wherein the out-of-plane phase retardation of the first compensation film is equal to the out-of-plane phase retardation of the second compensation film. A display device as described in claim 1, wherein the first compensation film is a dual-axis compensation film, the dual-axis compensation film having a one-sided phase retardation along an optical axis, and the optical axis is parallel or perpendicular to the first absorption axis of the first polarizing layer or the second absorption axis of the second polarizing layer. The display device as described in claim 1 further includes: A second electric control element, disposed between the first electric control element and the display panel, and including: A third alignment layer, having a third alignment direction; A fourth alignment layer, having a fourth alignment direction; and A second liquid crystal layer, disposed between the third alignment layer and the fourth alignment layer, wherein the angle between the third alignment direction of the third alignment layer and the fourth alignment direction of the fourth alignment layer is between 165 degrees and 195 degrees, and the angle between the second alignment direction and the third alignment direction is between 30 degrees and 60 degrees, or between 120 degrees and 150 degrees; and A half-wave plate, disposed between the second polarizing layer and the second electric control element. The display device as described in claim 1 further includes: A second electric control element disposed between the first electric control element and the display panel, and including: A third alignment layer having a third alignment direction; A fourth alignment layer having a fourth alignment direction; and A second liquid crystal layer disposed between the third alignment layer and the fourth alignment layer, wherein the angle between the third alignment direction of the third alignment layer and the fourth alignment direction of the fourth alignment layer is between 75 degrees and 105 degrees, and the second alignment direction of the second alignment layer is parallel or perpendicular to the third alignment direction of the third alignment layer. A display device as described in claim 1, wherein the first compensation film is a C-plate compensation film. An electric control panel comprises: A first electric control element, comprising: A first alignment layer having a first alignment direction; A second alignment layer having a second alignment direction; and A first liquid crystal layer disposed between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer, wherein the angle between the first alignment direction of the first alignment layer and the second alignment direction of the second alignment layer is between 75 degrees and 105 degrees, and the phase delay of the first liquid crystal layer is between 400 nm and 600 nm or between 800 nm and 1200 nm; A first polarizing layer disposed on a side of the first alignment layer away from the first liquid crystal layer, and having a first absorption axis parallel to or perpendicular to the first alignment direction; and A first compensation film is disposed on the side of the first polarizing layer where the first electric control element is disposed.

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