TWM653453U - Electric motor and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

This application relates to an electric motor, aiming to solve the problem of complex motor structures caused by the need for separate motor cooling systems and gear lubrication systems for motors, and to provide a motor and an electric vehicle. The electric motor comprises a case, a stator component, a rotor shaft component, and a gear component. The case has an accommodating space and a gearbox space spaced apart from each other. The accommodating space is used to accommodate the stator component and the rotor shaft component, and the gearbox space is used to accommodate the gear component. The electric motor defines a circulation channel, which has a cooling port and a lubrication channel. The cooling port is located in the accommodation space and opposite to the stator component and/or rotor shaft component. The lubrication channel is located in the gearbox space and opposite to the gear component. The beneficial effect of this application is to achieve lubrication and cooling through the same circulation channel, with a simple structure and low cost.

Description

Motors and electric vehicles

The present application relates to the field of electrical machinery, and more specifically, to electrical machinery and electric vehicles.

Some motors are equipped with gear boxes to adjust the output torque and speed of the motor. In some known technologies, the cooling of the stator/rotor in the motor and the lubrication of the gears in the gear box chamber require the installation of a cooling system and a lubrication system respectively. The separately installed cooling system and lubrication system usually require separately installed drive parts to drive, and the structure is complex and the cost is high. For example, the known electronic pump requires an additional drive motor, a pump body, and a pipeline for the flow of liquid, etc., and the system cost is high.

This application provides an electric motor and an electric vehicle to solve the problem that the previous electric motor oil cooling design has a complex structure or a high cost.

In a first aspect, the present application provides an electric motor, comprising a housing, a stator assembly and a rotor shaft assembly, wherein the electric motor further comprises a gear assembly and an output shaft, wherein the gear assembly is drivingly connected between the rotor shaft assembly and the output shaft, and is used to transmit the power of the rotor shaft assembly to the output shaft. The housing has a mutually spaced accommodation space and a gear box chamber. The accommodation space is used to accommodate the stator assembly and the rotor shaft assembly, and the gear box chamber is used to accommodate the gear assembly. The electric motor defines a circulating flow channel, and the circulating flow channel has a cooling port and a lubricating flow channel. The cooling port is located in the accommodating space and corresponds to the stator assembly and/or the rotor shaft assembly, and is used to pass cooling oil to cool the stator assembly and/or the rotor shaft assembly. The lubricating flow channel is located in the gear box chamber and corresponds to the gear assembly, and is used to pass cooling oil to lubricate the gear assembly.

In a possible implementation, the motor further includes a pump assembly, which is connected to the circulating flow channel; the pump assembly is arranged in the gear box chamber; the pump assembly is drivingly connected to the gear assembly, and is used to receive the rotation of the gear assembly and drive the cooling oil to circulate along the circulating flow channel.

In one possible implementation, the circulating flow channel includes a cooling flow channel, a liquid collecting flow channel and a return flow channel. One end of the cooling port is connected to the cooling flow channel and the other end corresponds to the stator assembly, so as to allow the cooling oil from the cooling flow channel to be sprayed onto the stator assembly. The liquid collecting flow channel is located below the stator assembly, so as to collect the cooling oil that flows down after being sprayed from the cooling port to the stator assembly. Furthermore, the liquid collecting flow channel extends axially into the gear box chamber and corresponds to the bottom of the gear assembly, so as to collect the cooling oil that flows down from the lubricating flow channel to lubricate the gear assembly. The return flow channel is located in the gear box chamber, and the return flow channel is connected between the liquid collecting flow channel and the cooling flow channel. The pump assembly is arranged in the return flow channel, and is used to drive the cooling oil from the liquid collecting flow channel to the cooling flow channel through the return flow channel, so as to realize the circulation of the cooling oil along the circulating flow channel.

In one possible implementation, the pump assembly includes a pump drive gear and a rotor pump, wherein the pump drive gear is engaged with the gear assembly and is driven to rotate by the gear assembly; the rotor pump is connected to the pump drive gear and is driven to operate under the drive of the pump drive gear to drive the circulation of cooling oil.

In a possible implementation, the outer shell includes a casing and a front cover, the casing defines a containing space; the front cover is connected to the axial front end of the casing and forms a gear box chamber with the casing.

In one possible implementation, the motor further includes a flow channel plate, which is located in the gear box chamber. The flow channel plate is bonded to the front end face of the casing, the front end face is the surface of the casing facing the front cover, and a return flow channel is defined between the flow channel plate and the casing, one end of the return flow channel is connected to the cooling flow channel, and the other end is connected to the liquid collection flow channel through the rotor pump.

In a possible implementation, the front end surface of the housing is concave to form a pump groove, and the flow channel plate covers the pump groove. The rotor pump includes an inner rotor, an outer rotor and a connecting shaft; the outer rotor fits in the pump groove, and the inner rotor fits inside the outer rotor; the connecting shaft passes through the flow channel plate, and one end is connected to the inner rotor and the other end is connected to the pump drive gear, so as to transmit the rotation of the pump drive gear to the inner rotor.

In one possible implementation, the surface of the flow channel plate facing the casing is the flow channel surface, and the flow channel surface is provided with a flow channel groove, and the front end surface of the casing covers the flow channel groove to form a return flow channel. The cross-sectional shape of the flow channel groove can be set to a circular, square, rectangular or other shape as needed. The flow channel groove includes a first flow channel groove, a second flow channel groove and a third flow channel groove. One end of the first flow channel groove is connected to the liquid collection channel, and the other end is connected to the low-pressure chamber of the rotor pump. The third flow channel groove is located above the first flow channel groove and is connected to the cooling flow channel. One end of the second flow channel groove is connected to the high-pressure chamber of the rotor pump, and the other end is connected to the third flow channel groove.

In a possible implementation, the low-pressure chamber of the rotor pump faces downward on one side and the high-pressure chamber faces upward on one side. One end of the first flow channel groove extends through the lower edge of the flow channel plate to connect to the liquid collecting flow channel below.

In a possible implementation, a lubricating channel is opened in the channel plate, one end of the lubricating channel is connected to the return channel, and the other end corresponds to the gear assembly, which is used to guide part of the cooling oil from the return channel to the gear assembly to lubricate the gear assembly.

In a possible implementation, the outlet of the lubricating flow channel is located above the gear assembly so that the cooling oil is sprayed onto the gear assembly from top to bottom.

In a possible implementation, the rotor shaft assembly includes a rotor assembly and a rotor shaft; the rotor shaft is rotatably connected to the housing; the rotor assembly is fixedly connected to the rotor shaft and corresponds to the stator assembly, and is used to be driven to drive the rotor shaft to rotate. The gear assembly includes a first gear and a second gear that mesh with each other, the first gear is connected to the rotor shaft, and the second gear is connected to the output shaft; the first gear and the second gear are horizontally staggered, and the outlet of the lubricating flow channel is located above the meshing position of the first gear and the second gear.

In a possible implementation, the number of teeth of the first gear is less than the number of teeth of the second gear, so that the gear assembly is a reduction gear set. The pump drive gear is located below the first gear and is engaged with the second gear in the horizontal direction close to the first gear.

In a possible implementation, the stator assembly is connected to the casing and accommodated in the accommodating space; the stator assembly includes a stator core and a stator winding, and the stator winding is connected to the stator core. The stator core is matched with the inner circumference of the casing, and a cooling channel is defined between the outer circumference of the stator core and the casing. The stator winding has a winding end extending axially out of the stator core; a cooling port is opened in the casing, one end of the cooling port is connected to the cooling channel, and the other end corresponds to the outer circumference of the winding end, so that the cooling oil from the cooling channel is sprayed to the winding end.

In a possible implementation, the inner circumference of the casing includes a first circumference, a second circumference and a step surface, the first circumference and the second circumference are staggered along the axial direction of the casing, and the second circumference is radially offset inward relative to the first circumference, and the step surface is connected between the first circumference and the second circumference. The stator core is attached to the first circumference and abuts against the step surface axially, and the end of the winding corresponds to the second circumference. One end of the cooling port penetrates the step surface and is connected to the cooling channel, and the other end penetrates the second circumference and corresponds to the end of the winding.

In a possible implementation, the second circumferential surface and the terrace surface define an annular terrace portion, and the annular terrace portion is provided with an inclined slot, which obliquely penetrates the terrace surface and the second circumferential surface. The end surface of the stator core and the inclined slot together form a cooling opening. The cooling channel is connected to the opening of the inclined slot located on the terrace surface.

In a possible implementation, the inclined groove includes a groove bottom surface and two groove side surfaces connected to two sides of the groove bottom surface; the groove bottom surface is an inclined surface that obliquely intersects with the axis of the casing.

In a possible implementation, there are multiple cooling ports, and the multiple cooling ports are spaced apart and distributed in the upper semicircular portion of the annular step.

In a possible implementation, the cooling port has an inlet end connected to the cooling channel and an outlet end corresponding to the end of the winding, and the cooling port is in an expanded shape with the opening increasing from the inlet end to the outlet end. The inlet end is axially connected to the cooling channel, and the outlet end is radially corresponding to the end of the winding.

In a possible implementation, winding ends are respectively provided at two axial ends of the stator core, and cooling ports are respectively connected to two axial ends of the cooling channel, and the cooling ports at both ends correspond to the winding ends at both ends.

In a possible implementation, the housing includes a main housing and a rear cover, the rear cover is detachably connected to the main housing and together with the main housing, forms a containing space; the stator core fits in the main housing. A concave annular space is provided on one side of the rear cover facing the main housing, and the end of the winding near one end of the rear cover extends into the annular space; a cooling port near one end of the rear cover is opened in the rear cover and penetrates to the circumference of the annular space to correspond to the end of the winding extending into the annular space.

In a possible implementation, the cooling channel includes an axial liquid inlet channel, an annular channel and an axial liquid outlet channel; the axial liquid inlet channel is used to introduce cooling oil. The annular channel connects the axial liquid inlet channel and the axial liquid outlet channel and is used to guide the cooling oil from the axial liquid inlet channel to the axial liquid outlet channel. The axial liquid outlet channel extends axially and connects to the cooling port.

In a possible implementation, the outer circumference of the stator core is provided with a plurality of first grooves and a plurality of second grooves, the plurality of first grooves are spaced apart along the circumferential direction, and the first grooves axially penetrate the two end surfaces of the stator core; the plurality of second grooves are spaced apart along the circumferential direction. The inner circumferential surface of the casing includes a first circumferential surface, a second circumferential surface and a step surface, the first circumferential surface and the second circumferential surface are staggered along the axial direction of the casing, and the second circumferential surface is radially offset inward relative to the first circumferential surface, and the step surface is connected between the first circumferential surface and the second circumferential surface; the stator core is attached to the first circumferential surface and abuts against the step surface axially, and the end of the winding corresponds to the second circumferential surface; cooling One end of the opening is connected to the step surface and connected to the cooling channel, and the other end is connected to the second peripheral surface and corresponds to the end of the winding; the second peripheral surface and the step surface define an annular step portion, and the annular step portion is provided with an inclined groove, which obliquely penetrates the step surface and the second peripheral surface; the end surface of the stator core and the inclined groove together form a cooling opening; the cooling channel connects the inclined groove to the opening of the step surface. The casing includes an outer peripheral wall and a front end wall, the front end wall is connected to the front end of the outer peripheral wall, and the annular step portion is convexly arranged at the intersection of the front end wall and the outer peripheral wall. The first circumferential surface of the casing is provided with a third groove, a fourth groove and a fifth groove; the third groove extends axially, the fourth groove extends axially, and the third groove and the fourth groove are spaced circumferentially; the fifth groove extends circumferentially and connects the third groove and the fourth groove. The casing is also provided with a first connecting hole and a second connecting hole that penetrate the annular step and the front end wall. The third groove and the first groove are radially correspondingly spliced and coaxially connected with the first connecting hole to form an axial liquid inlet channel. The notches of at least some of the second grooves among the plurality of second grooves are closed by the first circumferential surface to form an axial liquid outlet channel. The fifth groove is closed by the first circumferential surface to form an annular flow channel. The fourth groove is surrounded by the outer peripheral surface of the stator iron core and is coaxially connected to the second connecting hole to form a liquid collecting channel. One end of the return channel is connected to the first connecting hole, and the other end is connected to the second connecting hole.

In summary of the above description, the motor in the present application has a circulating flow channel, and the circulating flow channel has a cooling port and a lubricating flow channel; the cooling port is located in the accommodating space and corresponds to the stator assembly and/or the rotor shaft assembly, and is used to pass cooling oil to cool the stator assembly and/or the rotor shaft assembly; the lubricating flow channel is located in the gear box chamber and corresponds to the gear assembly, and is used to pass cooling oil to lubricate the gear assembly. The cooling oil is used to cool the motor and lubricate the gear assembly respectively through the same circulating flow channel, so that only one driving part that drives the cooling oil circulation of the circulating flow channel is required to achieve cooling and lubrication, and the structure is simple and the cost is low.

In a second aspect, the present application also provides an electric vehicle, comprising a vehicle body and the aforementioned motor.

The following will combine the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments.

It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may also be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may also be a central element. When an element is considered to be "disposed on" another element, it may be directly disposed on the other element or there may also be a central element. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art in the field of this application. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific implementations and are not intended to limit this application. The term "or/and" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

Some embodiments of the present application are described in detail. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

Embodiment

1 to 16 show a motor 10 of an embodiment of the present application. The motor 10 can be used as a drive motor of an electric vehicle 100 (such as an electric motorcycle 100a shown in FIG. 17, a two-wheeled electric bicycle, an electric tricycle, an electric car 100b shown in FIG. 18, etc.) or other scenarios.

1 to 4 , the motor 10 in this embodiment includes a housing 50 , a stator assembly 12 , a rotor shaft assembly 13 , a gear assembly 15 , and an output shaft 16 . The housing 50 includes a casing 11 and a front cover 14 .

The housing 11 includes a main housing 17 and a rear cover 18. The rear cover 18 is connected to the rear of the main housing 17 and forms a storage space Q1 with the main housing 17. The front cover 14 is connected to the front of the main housing 17 and forms a gear box chamber Q2 with the main housing 17. In this embodiment, the rear cover 18 and the main housing 17, and the front cover 14 and the main housing 17 are detachably connected by screws 19, and the connection surfaces can be sealed (for example, a sealing ring is provided).

The stator assembly 12 is connected to the main shell 17 of the housing 11 and is accommodated in the accommodation space Q1. The stator assembly 12 includes a stator core 20 and a stator winding 21, and the stator winding 21 is connected to the stator core 20. The stator core 20 can be formed by stacking materials such as silicon steel sheets. The stator winding 21 can be wound with copper wires or other wires. The wires used in the stator winding 21 can be flat wires or round wires, which are not limited here.

The rotor shaft assembly 13 includes a rotor assembly 22 and a rotor shaft 23. The rotor shaft 23 is rotatably connected to the housing 11, for example, rotatably supported on the housing 11 through a bearing 24. In this embodiment, the rotor shaft 23 extends into the gear box chamber Q2, and the end is rotatably supported on the front cover 14 through the bearing 24, thereby further improving the support rigidity of the rotor shaft 23. The rotor assembly 22 is fixedly connected to the rotor shaft 23, and corresponds to the inside and outside of the stator assembly 12, and is used to be driven to drive the rotor shaft 23 to rotate. For example, an alternating current is passed through the stator winding 21 to generate an alternating magnetic field in the stator assembly 12. The rotor assembly 22 rotates under the drive of the alternating magnetic field, thereby driving the rotor shaft 23 to rotate and output motion or torque.

The output shaft 16 is rotatably supported by the front cover 14 and the housing 11, and one end of the output shaft 16 extends out of the front cover 14 for connecting to an external load to output torque or motion to the outside.

The gear assembly 15 is disposed in the gear box chamber Q2 and is drivingly connected between the rotor shaft 23 and the output shaft 16, and is used to transmit the power of the rotor shaft 23 to the output shaft 16. In this embodiment, the gear assembly 15 includes a first gear 25 and a second gear 26 that are engaged with each other, the first gear 25 is connected to the rotor shaft 23, and the second gear 26 is connected to the output shaft 16. Among them, the number of teeth of the first gear 25 is less than that of the second gear 26, so that the gear assembly 15 is a reduction gear set, so as to reduce the speed and increase the torque of the output of the rotor shaft 23, and increase the torque output from the output shaft 16. The reduction ratio of the gear assembly 15 can be set as needed. The first gear 25 and the second gear 26 can be straight gears or helical gears, which are not limited here. The first gear 25 and the rotor shaft 23 can be driven by key matching, and the second gear 26 and the output shaft 16 can also be driven by key matching.

See FIG. 3 to FIG. 6 for the matching. In this embodiment, the stator core 20 is matched with the inner circumference P4 of the casing 11. Specifically, the stator core 20 can be fixedly matched with the casing 11 by interference fit, so that the outer circumference P5 of the stator core 20 is attached to the inner circumference P4 of the casing 11. Of course, the stator core 20 and the casing 11 can also be transition fit or other matching forms, and the two can be fixedly connected by bonding, clamping or other methods.

A cooling channel S1 is defined between the outer circumferential surface P5 of the stator core 20 and the housing 11. Cooling oil, such as cooling oil, can flow into the cooling channel S1, and the cooling oil can carry heat to various parts of the housing 11 for heat exchange. Since the cooling channel S1 is located between the outer circumferential surface P5 of the stator core 20 and the housing 11, the cooling oil therein can contact the stator core 20 and the housing 11 at the same time, which is conducive to heat transfer from the stator core 20 or other structures through which the cooling oil flows to the cooling oil, and the cooling oil carries the heat to various parts of the housing 11 through the oil path, so as to facilitate heat dissipation to the outside of the housing 11 by the heat sink fins arranged outside the housing 11.

In this embodiment, the stator winding 21 has a winding end 27 extending axially from the stator core 20, that is, when the stator winding 21 is wound on the stator core 20, it partially extends to the axial end surface of the stator core 20. It should be noted that the winding end 27 is also a part of the stator winding 21, for example, it is also a copper wire or other metal wire that constitutes the stator winding 21. In this embodiment, in order to simplify the figure, the winding end 27 is represented by the shape of its overall outer wrapping contour, which is roughly in the shape of a ring extending from the axial end surface of the stator core 20.

Referring mainly to FIG6 , the housing 11 is provided with a cooling port S2, one end of which is connected to the cooling channel S1 and the other end of which corresponds to the outer periphery of the winding end 27, so as to allow the cooling oil from the cooling channel S1 to be sprayed to the winding end 27. In this embodiment, by providing the cooling port S2 in the housing 11, on the one hand, the additional oil spray ring can be omitted to realize oil spraying, thereby reducing the number of parts and costs, and on the other hand, the problem of opening oil spray holes on part of the silicon steel sheets of the stator core 20, which causes the structure of part of the silicon steel sheets of the stator core 20 to be different and requires multiple molds to process the stator core 20, can be avoided. Furthermore, by directly spraying cooling oil onto the winding ends 27 of the stator winding 21 through the cooling port S2, the stator winding 21 can be directly cooled, and the heat dissipation effect is significantly improved compared to a water cooling method that cannot directly contact the stator winding 21.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , in this embodiment, the inner circumference P4 of the housing 11 includes a first circumference P1, a second circumference P2, and a step surface P3. The first circumference P1 and the second circumference P2 are staggered along the axis of the housing 11, and the second circumference P2 is radially offset inward relative to the first circumference P1, and the step surface P3 is connected between the first circumference P1 and the second circumference P2. In the illustrated embodiment, the second circumference P2 is closer to the front cover 14 side relative to the first circumference P1, and has a smaller inner diameter, thereby forming a step shape between the first circumference P1 and the second circumference P2.

The stator core 20 is attached to the first circumferential surface P1 and abuts against the step surface P3 along the axial direction, and the winding end 27 corresponds to the second circumferential surface P2. One end of the cooling port S2 penetrates the step surface P3 and is connected to the cooling channel S1, and the other end penetrates the second circumferential surface P2 and corresponds to the winding end 27. The second circumferential surface P2 and the step surface P3 define an annular step portion 28, and the annular step portion 28 is provided with an inclined groove C8, which obliquely penetrates the step surface P3 and the second circumferential surface P2. The end surface of the stator core 20 and the inclined groove C8 together form the cooling port S2. The cooling channel S1 is connected to the opening of the inclined groove C8 located on the step surface P3. In this embodiment, the cooling port S2 has an inlet end D1 connected to the cooling channel S1 and an outlet end D2 corresponding to the winding end 27. The cooling port S2 is an expansion shape with an opening that becomes larger from the inlet end D1 to the outlet end D2. In this embodiment, on the one hand, the step surface P3 of the housing 11 can be used as the axial positioning of the stator core 20 installation position, eliminating the requirement of providing an additional axial positioning structure for the stator core 20. On the other hand, the stator core 20 axially fits the step surface P3, which is conducive to the cooling channel S1 between the stator core 20 and the housing 11 to be connected to the inclined groove C8 opened on the annular step 28. At the same time, the axial end surface of the stator core 20 can close a portion of the opening of the skew slot C8 located at the step surface P3, so that the inlet of the cooling port S2 is reduced, which is conducive to the cooling port S2 being an expanded shape with a smaller inlet end D1 and a larger outlet end D2, so that the cooling oil flowing from the cooling flow channel S1 can be expanded when flowing to the cooling port S2. The cooling oil is sprayed out from the cooling port S2 in a dissipated state, and the area covered by the cooling oil on the winding end 27 is increased, thereby increasing the contact area between the winding end 27 and the cooling oil, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency and cooling effect, and improving the uniformity of heat dissipation at all parts of the winding end 27, thereby reducing the excessive thermal stress of the winding end 27 caused by uneven heat dissipation. When the stator winding 21 uses copper wire, the temperature of the winding end 27 and even the stator winding 21 is reduced, and the copper loss of the stator winding 21 is reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of the motor 10.

Referring to Figures 6 to 9, in this embodiment, the inclined groove C8 includes a groove bottom surface P6 and two groove side surfaces P7 connected to both sides of the groove bottom surface P6. The distance between the two groove side surfaces P7 defines the width of the inclined groove C8, and the middle surface of the two groove side surfaces P7 can be set to pass through the central axis of the casing 11, so that the extension direction of the inclined groove C8 can be toward the central axis of the casing 11. The groove bottom surface P6 is an inclined surface that is inclined and intersected with the axis of the casing 11, and the inclination angle a satisfies 0＜a＜90°, for example, it is set to a=30-45°. The groove bottom surface P6 is an inclined surface, which can guide the cooling oil to spray at a certain angle, which is conducive to obtaining a suitable spraying range and ensuring the cooling effect. The inclined groove C8 is set as an inclined surface instead of being directly perpendicular to the winding end 27, which can avoid the cooling oil from turning at a right angle when flowing, can reduce the flow resistance of the cooling oil, facilitate the cooling oil to flow smoothly, and reduce the energy consumed by driving the cooling oil. In this embodiment, the groove bottom surface P6 can be a plane or a curved surface, which is not limited here.

In this embodiment, the inclined groove C8 is a surface feature of the housing 11 and can be processed more conveniently.

7 to 9, in this embodiment, there are multiple cooling ports S2, and the multiple cooling ports S2 are spaced and distributed in the upper semicircular portion of the annular step 28. The upper semicircular portion here refers to the portion within the 180° range located above in the state shown in FIG8.

In actual use, the motor 10 in this embodiment is in an installed state, and the state of its casing 11 can be seen in Figure 8. In this way, each cooling port S2 is located at the top, so that the cooling port S2 can spray cooling oil from top to bottom to the upper semicircular part of the corresponding winding end 27. The cooling oil sprayed to the upper semicircular part of the winding end 27 can flow downward through the lower semicircular part of the winding end 27 under the action of gravity, and then flow down to the bottom of the accommodating cavity of the casing 11. In addition, there are gaps between the conductors (such as copper conductors) of the stator winding 21, and the cooling oil sprayed from above onto the winding end 27 of the stator winding 21 can also penetrate into the gaps between the conductors through capillary action, thereby not only contacting and cooling the surface of the winding end 27, but also directly contacting and cooling the interior of the winding end 27. This arrangement makes full use of gravity and/or capillary action, and can achieve comprehensive contact cooling over a wide range without spraying the cooling oil at a high pressure, with a wide cooling range and a good cooling effect.

Of course, in other embodiments, a cooling port may be additionally provided in the lower semicircular portion of the annular step 28, and cooling oil may be sprayed upward to the lower semicircular portion of the winding end 27 with a relatively large pressure.

In this embodiment, the inlet end D1 of the cooling port S2 is axially connected to the cooling channel S1, and the outlet end D2 radially corresponds to the winding end 27, so as to facilitate the introduction of cooling oil and the spraying of cooling oil to the winding end 27.

Referring to FIG. 5 again, in this embodiment, winding ends 27 are provided at the axial ends of the stator core 20, and cooling ports S2 are connected to the axial ends of the cooling channel S1, respectively. The cooling ports S2 at both ends correspond to the winding ends 27 at both ends. The cooling ports S2 provided at both ends can dissipate heat for the winding ends 27 at both ends, respectively, and the heat dissipation effect is good. Optionally, a concave annular space Q3 is provided on one side of the rear cover 18 facing the main housing 17 (see FIG. 15 for details), and the winding end 27 near one end of the rear cover 18 extends into the annular space Q3; a cooling port S2 near one end of the rear cover 18 is provided on the rear cover 18 and penetrates to the circumference P8 of the annular space Q3 to correspond to the winding end 27 extending into the annular space Q3. In this embodiment, a step is formed between the rear cover 18 and the main housing 17, and the stator core 20 abuts against the step between the rear cover 18 and the main housing 17 in the axial direction to achieve axial positioning. The rear cover 18 is provided with an annular space Q3 for accommodating the winding end 27 at that end, thereby reducing the design complexity of the main housing 17.

Referring to FIG. 3 , in this embodiment, the motor 10 is further provided with a liquid collecting channel S3 and a return channel S4. The return channel S4 is arranged in the gear box chamber Q2. The liquid collecting channel S3 is located below the winding end 27 and the stator core 20, and is used to collect the cooling oil that flows down after being sprayed from the cooling port S2 to the winding end 27. One end of the return channel S4 is connected to the liquid collecting channel S3, and the other end is connected to the axial liquid inlet channel S5. The motor 10 is also provided with a pump assembly 29, which is arranged in the return channel S4, and is used to drive the cooling oil from the liquid collecting channel S3 to the axial liquid inlet channel S5 through the return channel S4. In this structure, when the pump assembly 29 is running, the cooling oil in the liquid collecting channel S3 can be pumped into the return channel S4, and then sent into the cooling channel S1 through the return channel S4. The cooling oil in the cooling channel S1 cools the stator core 20 and transfers the heat to the casing 11 on the one hand, and is sprayed onto the winding end 27 of the stator winding 21 through the cooling port S2 on the other hand. The cooling oil sprayed onto the winding end 27 of the stator winding 21 takes away the heat on the winding end 27 and then flows down back to the liquid collecting channel S3, and then is driven by the pump assembly 29 again for the next cycle. In this process, the cooling oil in the cooling channel S1 and the liquid collecting channel S3 can directly transfer the heat to the casing 11. By air cooling/water cooling the casing 11, the heat is taken away from the casing 11, thereby achieving overall cooling of the motor 10.

The motor 10 in this embodiment only needs to be pre-filled with a proper amount of cooling oil inside the motor 10, without exporting the cooling oil for external cooling, thus avoiding the complex structure and cost caused by external liquid pipelines.

Referring to Fig. 3 to Fig. 13, in this embodiment, the cooling channel S1 includes an axial liquid inlet channel S5, an annular channel S6 and an axial liquid outlet channel S7. The axial liquid inlet channel S5 is used to introduce cooling oil, for example, cooling oil from the return channel S4. The annular channel S6 connects the axial liquid inlet channel S5 and the axial liquid outlet channel S7, and is used to guide the cooling oil from the axial liquid inlet channel S5 to the axial liquid outlet channel S7. The axial liquid outlet channel S7 extends axially and is connected to the cooling port S2.

In this embodiment, there may be one or more axial liquid inlet channels S5, for example, as shown in the figure, there are three axial liquid inlet channels S5. There may also be multiple annular channels S6, which are spaced apart along the axial direction.

There are multiple cooling ports S2, and the multiple cooling ports S2 are distributed in the upper semicircular part of the accommodating space Q1. There are multiple axial liquid outlet channels S7, and the multiple axial liquid outlet channels S7 are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction, and are respectively connected to the multiple cooling ports S2 in the axial direction. That is, the multiple axial liquid outlet channels S7 are also distributed in the upper semicircular part. The annular flow channel S6 is respectively connected to the multiple axial liquid inlet channels S5 and the multiple axial liquid outlet channels S7, forming a mesh flow channel between the stator core 20 and the casing 11, which is conducive to uniform cooling of the stator core 20 and the casing 11, and improving the cooling effect.

The design of the cooling channel S1 in the above structure can, on the one hand, supply cooling oil to the cooling port S2 to achieve oil cooling of the winding end 27 of the stator winding 21, and on the other hand, the cooling channel S1 can also perform oil cooling on the stator core 20, thereby achieving a good heat dissipation effect.

In this embodiment, the axial liquid outlet channel S7 axially penetrates through the two end surfaces of the stator core 20 to respectively connect the cooling ports S2 at the two ends. The stator core 20 at this time can be seen in FIG. 10 .

In this embodiment, the cross section of the liquid collecting channel S3 can be an arc ring with a large circumferential extension angle (such as 15-90°), which is conducive to accommodating more cooling oil and collecting the cooling oil that flows down after being sprayed from the cooling port S2 to the winding end 27. The annular channel S6 can intersect and communicate with the liquid collecting channel S3 along the circumferential direction, so that in addition to the cooling oil sprayed from the cooling port S2, part of the cooling oil also flows to the liquid collecting channel S3 through the annular channel S6 to cool the lower semicircular part of the stator core 20. The liquid collecting channel S3 extends axially and passes under the winding end 27 at both ends to collect the cooling oil sprayed from the cooling ports S2 at both ends.

In this embodiment, the cooling oil channels such as the cooling channel S1, the cooling port S2 and the liquid collecting channel S3 are obtained by performing certain structural designs on the casing 11 and the stator core 20, which will be described in detail below.

10-11 , in this embodiment, a plurality of first grooves C1 and a plurality of second grooves C2 are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the stator core 20. The plurality of first grooves C1 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction, and the first grooves C1 axially penetrate the two end surfaces of the stator core 20; the plurality of second grooves C2 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction, and the second grooves C2 axially penetrate the two end surfaces of the stator core 20.

The cross-sections of the first groove C1 and the second groove C2 may both be semicircular, and the radius of the first groove C1 is set to be larger than the radius of the second groove C2. For example, the radius of the first groove C1 is designed to be 1.5-5 times that of the second groove C2.

Referring to Fig. 6 to Fig. 9, the housing 11 includes an outer peripheral wall 30 and a front end wall 31, the front end wall 31 is connected to the front end of the outer peripheral wall 30, and the annular step 28 is convexly arranged at the intersection of the front end wall 31 and the outer peripheral wall 30. The first circumferential surface P1 of the housing 11 is provided with a third groove C3, a fourth groove C4 and a fifth groove C5; the third groove C3 extends axially, the fourth groove C4 extends axially, and the third groove C3 and the fourth groove C4 are spaced circumferentially; the fifth groove C5 extends circumferentially and connects the third groove C3 and the fourth groove C4. The cross section of the third groove C3 can be semicircular, and its radius is equal to that of the first groove C1. The cross section of the fourth groove C4 is an arc ring. The cross section of the fifth groove C5 can be semicircular, rectangular, triangular or other shapes, which are not limited here.

In other embodiments, the shape and size of each of the above-mentioned grooves can be set as needed and are not limited here.

The housing 11 is also provided with a first through hole K1 and a second through hole K2 penetrating the annular step 28 and the front end wall 31. The first through hole K1 is a circular hole, and its radius is equal to the radius of the first groove C1 and the third groove C3. The cross-sectional area of the second through hole K2 is equal to that of the fifth groove C5, and the two overlap in axial projection, so that the cooling oil flow resistance is small.

When the stator core 20 is assembled in the casing 11, the third groove C3 and the first groove C1 are radially corresponding and spliced to form a cylindrical channel, which is coaxially connected to the first connecting hole K1 to form the aforementioned axial liquid inlet channel S5. The notches of at least part of the second grooves C2 in the plurality of second grooves C2 are closed by the first circumferential surface P1 to form the aforementioned axial liquid outlet channel S7. The fifth groove C5 is closed by the first circumferential surface P1 to form the aforementioned annular channel S6. The fourth groove C4 is enclosed by the outer circumferential surface P5 of the stator core 20 and coaxially connected to the second connecting hole K2 to form the liquid collecting channel S3. One end of the return channel S4 is connected to the first connecting hole K1, and the other end is connected to the second connecting hole K2.

In this embodiment, optionally, as shown in the figure, there are three third grooves C3, which are distributed on the top of the housing 11, and there are more than three first grooves C1, which are distributed on the entire circumference of the stator core 20. Only three first grooves C1 correspond to three third grooves C3 and are combined to form cylindrical holes; while the remaining first grooves C1 are closed by the inner circumferential surface P4 of the housing 11 to form semi-cylindrical holes, and the two ends of these semi-cylindrical holes are closed by the step surface P3 and the rear cover 18 respectively, so that cooling oil will not flow out. These semi-cylindrical holes are also connected to the annular flow channel S6, so that cooling oil can enter the stator core 20 for cooling.

In other embodiments, the number of the third grooves C3 may be other numbers.

Optionally, the first grooves C1 are evenly distributed within a 360° circumferential range of the stator core 20; a second groove C2 is respectively provided near the circumferential sides of each first groove C1 located in the upper semicircular part of the stator core 20, so that the flow channel entering the axial liquid inlet channel S5 and the flow channel formed after the remaining first grooves C1 are closed by the first circumferential surface P1 can be connected to the axial liquid outlet channel S7 defined by the adjacent second grooves C2 through the annular flow channel S6, and then sprayed from the corresponding cooling port S2, the flow path is short, the liquid outlet resistance is small, and it is beneficial for the cooling oil to spray out from the cooling port S2 at a faster speed.

In this embodiment, the diameters of the first groove C1 and the third groove C3 are larger, and the diameter of the second groove C2 is smaller, so that overall, the cross-sectional area of the axial liquid inlet flow channel S5 formed by the first groove C1 and the third groove C3 is the largest, and the cross-sectional area of the flow channel formed by the first groove C1 and the first peripheral surface P1 is the second, and the cross-sectional area of the axial liquid outlet flow channel S7 formed by the second groove C2 and the first peripheral surface P1 is the smallest. The design of different flow channel cross-sectional sizes makes More cooling oil can be introduced into the axial liquid inlet flow channel S5. A part of the cooling oil passes through the annular flow channel S6 and the axial liquid outlet flow channel S7 and then is ejected from the cooling port S2 to cool the upper semicircular part of the stator core 20 and the winding end 27 of the stator winding 21. The other part flows annularly through the annular flow channel S6 to the liquid collecting flow channel S3 to cool the entire outer peripheral surface P5 of the stator core 20. That is, the flow channel cross-section is reasonably designed and the cooling effect is good.

The stator core 20 includes a plurality of axially stacked silicon steel sheets (the dividing lines of the silicon steel sheets are not shown in the figure to simplify the graphic lines). In order to realize oil injection, some solutions need to punch holes in some silicon steel sheets to form oil injection channels, which results in the need for multiple sets of modules to process silicon steel sheets with different hole positions or with or without holes, increasing the manufacturing cost.

In this embodiment, the scheme shown in Figures 10 and 11 has the first groove C1 and the second groove C2 both axially penetrate the stator core 20, so that the shape and opening position of the grooves opened on the outer peripheral surface of each silicon steel sheet are the same. In this way, only one set of mold casing 11 is required to realize the processing of all silicon steel sheets of the stator core 20, saving manufacturing costs.

In another embodiment, referring to FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 , the axial liquid outlet channel S7 includes two sub-liquid outlet channels S8, and the two sub-liquid outlet channels S8 extend radially from two axial end surfaces of the stator core 20 and connect the annular channel S6 closest to the end and the corresponding cooling port S2.

At this time, as shown in FIG13 , the first groove C1 is still designed to axially penetrate the two end surfaces of the stator core 20, but the second groove C2 is designed to include two sub-grooves C6, which extend radially from the two axial end surfaces of the stator core 20 and connect to the fifth groove C5. In this design, the cooling ports S2 at both ends can be connected by the sub-grooves C6 at both ends. In the structure of the stator core 20, some silicon steel sheets have sub-grooves C6, while other silicon steel sheets do not have sub-grooves C6, so only two sets of molds are needed to complete the processing of each silicon steel sheet of the stator core 20.

In another embodiment, referring to FIG. 14 , the first grooves C1 on the stator core 20 are evenly distributed in the 360° circumferential range, and the second grooves C2 are also distributed in the 360° circumferential range of the stator core 20. As shown in FIG. 14 , the second grooves C2 are evenly distributed near both sides of each first groove C1 in the 360° range. By distributing the second grooves C2 in the 360° circumferential range, the circumferential uniformity of the stator core 20 is improved, which is conducive to improving the uniformity of the magnetic circuit of the stator core 20.

The return flow channel S4 and the pump assembly 29 provided in this embodiment are described below. The return flow channel S4 and the pump assembly 29 are mainly used to realize the return of cooling oil from the liquid collecting flow channel S3 to the cooling flow channel S1, thereby realizing the circulation of cooling oil.

Referring to Figures 16-18, the pump assembly 29 is disposed in the gear box chamber Q2. The pump assembly 29 is connected to the gear assembly 15 and is used to receive the rotation of the gear assembly 15 to drive the circulation of the cooling oil. The pump assembly 29 is driven by the gear assembly 15, eliminating the need for an additional pump drive motor, reducing costs and making the structure compact.

Optionally, the pump assembly 29 includes a pump drive gear 33 and a rotor pump 34. The rotor pump 34 may be a cycloidal rotor pump. The pump drive gear 33 is engaged with the gear assembly 15, for example, engaged with the second gear 26, and is used to rotate under the drive of the gear assembly 15. The rotor pump 34 is connected to the pump drive gear 33.

In other embodiments, the pump assembly 29 may also be disposed at other locations, such as in the accommodating space Q1, which is not limited here.

The motor 10 in this embodiment further includes a flow channel plate 35. The flow channel plate 35 is located in the gear box chamber Q2, and the flow channel plate 35 is attached to the front end surface P9 of the housing 11, and the front end surface P9 is the surface of the housing 11 facing the front cover 14. A return flow channel S4 is defined between the flow channel plate 35 and the housing 11, and one end of the return flow channel S4 is connected to the cooling flow channel S1 (for example, the axial liquid inlet flow channel S5 connected to the cooling flow channel S1), and the other end is connected to the liquid collection flow channel S3 through the rotor pump 34.

Optionally, the front end surface P9 of the casing 11 is concave to form a pump groove C7, and the pump groove C7 can be a cylindrical groove. The flow channel plate 35 covers the pump groove C7. The rotor pump 34 includes an inner rotor 36, an outer rotor 37 and a connecting shaft 38. The outer rotor 37 fits in the pump groove C7, and the inner rotor 36 fits inside the outer rotor 37. The connecting shaft 38 passes through the flow channel plate 35, and one end is connected to the inner rotor 36 and the other end is connected to the pump drive gear 33, which is used to transmit the rotation of the pump drive gear 33 to the inner rotor 36. In this embodiment, the pump drive gear 33 and the connecting shaft 38 transmit torque through the profile and are axially locked by a nut 39. In this structure, the housing 11 and the flow channel plate 35 are connected to the pump housing of the rotor pump 34, and the inner rotor 36 and the outer rotor 37 are accommodated in the pump groove C7 between the housing 11 and the flow channel plate 35. The structure is compact, and the size increase caused by the additional pump housing of the rotor pump 34 is avoided. Therefore, this design is conducive to reducing the size and the number of parts, and reducing costs.

In this embodiment, the surface of the flow channel plate 35 facing the housing 11 is the flow channel surface P10, and the flow channel surface P10 is provided with a flow channel groove C10, and the front end surface P9 of the housing 11 covers the flow channel groove C10 to form a return flow channel S4. The cross-sectional shape of the flow channel groove C10 can be set to a circular, square, rectangular or other shape as needed, which is not limited here.

The flow channel groove C10 includes a first flow channel groove C11, a second flow channel groove C12 and a third flow channel groove C13. One end of the first flow channel groove C11 (defined as the first end D3) is connected to the liquid collecting channel S3, and the other end (defined as the second end D4) corresponds axially to and is connected to the low-pressure chamber of the rotor pump 34. The third flow channel groove C13 is located above the first flow channel groove C11 and is connected to the cooling channel S1. For example, the third flow channel groove C13 shown in the figure is in an arc shape, and its extension range covers the aforementioned three axial liquid inlet channels S5 and the corresponding first connecting hole K1, so that the cooling oil flowing into the third flow channel groove C13 can enter the three axial liquid inlet channels S5 respectively. One end of the second flow channel C12 (defined as the third end D5) corresponds to and is connected to the high-pressure chamber of the rotor pump 34 along the axial direction, and the other end (defined as the fourth end D6) is connected to the third flow channel C13.

Thus, when the rotor pump 34 is in operation, its low-pressure chamber will draw cooling oil through the first flow channel groove C11, and its high-pressure chamber will pump cooling oil out to the third flow channel groove C13 through the second flow channel groove C12, thereby allowing the cooling oil to enter the cooling flow channel S1 for cooling.

Optionally, the rotor pump 34 is arranged at a relatively low position, with one side of the low-pressure chamber facing downward and one side of the high-pressure chamber facing upward, and one end of the first flow channel groove C11 directly extends through the lower edge of the flow channel plate 35 to connect the liquid collecting flow channel S3 below. In addition, the cooling oil in the motor 10 has a sufficient amount so that the liquid level of the cooling oil stored in the liquid collecting flow channel S3 is higher than the height of the first end D3 of the first flow channel groove C11, ensuring that the rotor pump 34 can draw in cooling oil when it is running to avoid idling affecting the circulation of cooling oil. In other embodiments, it can also be arranged that the high-pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber are arranged left and right or front and back, or the high-pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber are arranged on the same side without limitation.

This solution uses the rotor pump 34 to vertically pump the cooling oil upward, so that the cooling oil entering the cooling channel S1 has a certain gravitational potential energy, which is beneficial for the cooling oil to spray downward from the cooling port S2 through the cooling channel S1 to the winding end 27 of the stator winding 21.

In this embodiment, the flow channel plate 35 is provided with a lubricating flow channel S10, which is located in the gear box chamber Q2, and one end of the lubricating flow channel S10 is connected to the return flow channel S4, and the other end corresponds to the gear assembly 15, and is used to guide part of the cooling oil from the return flow channel S4 to the gear assembly 15 to lubricate the gear assembly 15. Optionally, the outlet of the lubricating flow channel S10 is located above the gear assembly 15, so that the cooling oil is sprayed onto the gear assembly 15 from top to bottom. For example, in this embodiment, the lubricating flow channel S10 is arranged at a position corresponding to the third flow channel groove C13, which is relatively high and above the gear assembly 15, so the cooling oil flowing out of the lubricating flow channel S10 can be poured downward onto the gear assembly 15, spraying and lubricating and/or cooling the gear assembly 15. Optionally, the lubricating flow channel S10 is arranged to penetrate from the surface of the flow channel plate 35 opposite to the flow channel surface P10 to the through hole of the third flow channel groove C13, so that the cooling oil entering the third flow channel groove C13 not only enters the cooling flow channel S1, but also partially sprays out from the lubricating flow channel S10. By controlling the size of the lubricating flow channel S10, the ratio of the amount of cooling oil flowing into the cooling flow channel S1 and the amount of cooling oil flowing to the lubricating flow channel S10 can be adjusted.

In order to achieve lubrication and cooling at the same time, the cooling oil is an oil with lubrication and cooling functions.

In this embodiment, the gear assembly 15 is lubricated by spraying lubrication through the lubricating channel S10, so that the gear assembly 15 does not need to be immersed in cooling oil. When the gear assembly 15 rotates, it does not need to overcome the fluid resistance of the immersed cooling oil, so that the transmission efficiency of the gear assembly 15 is higher.

Optionally, the liquid collecting channel S3 extends axially into the gear box chamber Q2 and corresponds to the bottom of the gear assembly 15, so that the cooling oil flowing down the lubricating channel S10 to lubricate the gear assembly 15 can flow down and be collected in the liquid collecting channel S3, so as to be pumped into the return channel S4 again by the pump assembly 29.

In summary of the above description, in this embodiment, the liquid collecting channel S3 and the cooling channel S1 are connected through the return channel S4, and the cooling port S2 connected to the cooling channel S1 and the lubricating channel S10 connected to the return channel S4 form a circulating channel S30. The cooling oil is driven to circulate along the circulating channel S30 by the pump assembly 29 arranged at the return channel S4 of the circulating channel S30, and the cooling oil can be sprayed from the cooling port S2 to cool the winding end 27 of the stator winding 21 and lubricate the gear assembly 15 at the same time. The circulating flow channel S30 receives the rotation transmitted from the motor 10 to the gear assembly 15 through the pump driving gear 33, and transmits the rotation to the pump assembly 29 to drive the circulating flow channel S30. The structure is simple and the cost of additional power parts is saved.

In this embodiment, optionally, the first gear 25 and the second gear 26 are horizontally staggered, and the outlet of the lubricating flow channel S10 is located above the engagement position of the first gear 25 and the second gear 26. The pump drive gear 33 is located below the first gear 25 and is engaged with the second gear 26 in the horizontal direction close to the first gear 25. In this structure, the horizontal engagement of the first gear 25 and the second gear 26 is conducive to receiving more cooling oil flowing out of the lubricating flow channel S10, and the space below the smaller first gear 25 is fully utilized to arrange the pump drive gear 33 and the corresponding pump assembly 29, and the structure is compact and reasonable.

With reference to FIG. 19 , the present embodiment further provides an electric vehicle 100, specifically an electric two-wheeled motorcycle 100a, which includes a vehicle body 101 and a motor 10. The motor 10 can be used as a driving motor of the electric vehicle 100, for example, directly or indirectly connected to a wheel 102 of the electric vehicle 100. The electric vehicle 100 uses the aforementioned motor 10, which has a compact structure and good cooling effect, and can adapt to relatively harsh operating and heating conditions.

20 , the present embodiment further provides an electric vehicle 100 , specifically an electric car 100 b , which uses the aforementioned motor 10 as a drive motor and can be used to drive one or more wheels 102 .

The above implementations are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application is described in detail with reference to the above preferred implementations, ordinary technical personnel in this field should understand that the technical solution of this application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this application.

10: Motor 11: Casing 12: Stator assembly 13: Rotor shaft assembly 14: Front cover 15: Gear assembly 16: Output shaft 17: Main housing 18: Rear cover 19: Screws 20: Stator core 21: Stator winding 22: Rotor assembly 23: Rotor shaft 24: Bearing 25: First gear 26: Second gear 27: Winding end 28: Annular step 29: Pump assembly 30: Outer wall 31: Front end wall 33: Pump drive gear 34: Rotor pump 35: Flow channel plate 36: Inner rotor 37: outer rotor 38: connecting shaft 39: nut 50: outer shell C1: first groove C2: second groove C3: third groove C4: fourth groove C5: fifth groove C6: sub-groove C7: pump groove C8: inclined groove C10: flow channel groove C11: first flow channel groove C12: second flow channel groove C13: third flow channel groove D1: inlet end D2: outlet end D3: first end D4: second end D5: third end D6: fourth end K1: first connecting hole K2: second connecting hole P1: first peripheral surface P2: second peripheral surface P3: step surface P4: inner peripheral surface P5: outer peripheral surface P6: groove bottom surface P7: groove side surface P8: peripheral surface P9: front face P10: flow channel face Q1: accommodation space Q2: gear box chamber Q3: annular space S1: cooling channel S2: cooling port S3: liquid collecting channel S4: return channel S5: axial liquid inlet channel S6: annular channel S7: axial liquid outlet channel S8: sub-liquid outlet channel S10: lubrication channel S30: circulation channel 100: electric vehicle 100a: two-wheel electric motorcycle 100b: electric car 101: vehicle body 102: wheel

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technical personnel in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

FIG1 is a three-dimensional view of a motor according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG2 is a top view of the motor of FIG1 ;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the motor of Fig. 2 along line A-A;

FIG4 is an exploded view of the motor of FIG1 ;

FIG5 is another cross-sectional view of the motor of FIG2;

FIG6 is an enlarged view of point B of the motor in FIG5;

FIG7 is a three-dimensional view of the main housing of the motor of the embodiment of the present application;

FIG8 is a plan view of the main housing of FIG7;

FIG9 is a cross-sectional view of the main housing of FIG7 ;

FIG10 is a three-dimensional view of the stator core of the motor according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG11 is an axial view of the stator core of FIG10;

FIG12 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the motor of the present application;

FIG13 is a three-dimensional view of the stator core of the motor of FIG11;

FIG14 is a side view of another embodiment of the stator core of the present application;

FIG15 is a three-dimensional view of the rear cover of the motor of the embodiment of the present application;

FIG16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor of FIG1 after the front cover is hidden;

FIG17 is an exploded view of a portion of the structure of the motor of FIG16 ;

FIG18 is a plan view of a flow channel plate of a motor according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG19 is a top view of the electric vehicle of the present application embodiment when it is a two-wheeled electric motorcycle;

Figure 20 is a top view of the electric vehicle in the embodiment of the present application when it is an electric car.

11: Chassis

15: Gear assembly

17: Main shell

18: Back cover

24: Bearings

25: First gear

26: Second gear

29: Pump assembly

33: Pump drive gear

34: Rotor pump

35: Runner plate

K2: Second connecting hole

Q2: Gearbox room

S10: Lubricating channel

Claims (24)

A motor includes a housing, a stator assembly and a rotor shaft assembly, wherein: the motor further includes a gear assembly and an output shaft, the gear assembly is drivingly connected between the rotor shaft assembly and the output shaft, and is used to transmit the power of the rotor shaft assembly to the output shaft; the housing has a mutually spaced accommodation space and a gear box chamber; the accommodation space is used to accommodate the stator assembly and the rotor shaft assembly, and the gear box chamber is used to accommodate the gear assembly; the motor defines a circulating flow channel, and the circulating flow channel has a cooling port and a lubricating flow channel; The cooling port is located in the accommodating space and corresponds to the stator assembly and/or the rotor shaft assembly, and is used to pass cooling oil to cool the stator assembly and/or the rotor shaft assembly; The lubricating flow channel is located in the gear box chamber and corresponds to the gear assembly, and is used to pass cooling oil to lubricate the gear assembly. The motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The motor further comprises: A pump assembly, the pump assembly being connected to the circulating flow channel; the pump assembly being disposed in the gear box chamber; the pump assembly being drivingly connected to the gear assembly, and being used to receive the rotation of the gear assembly and drive the cooling oil to circulate along the circulating flow channel. The motor as described in claim 2, wherein: The circulating flow channel includes a cooling flow channel, a liquid collecting flow channel and a return flow channel; One end of the cooling port is connected to the cooling flow channel and the other end corresponds to the stator assembly, and is used to spray the cooling oil from the cooling flow channel to the stator assembly; The liquid collecting flow channel is located below the stator assembly, and is used to collect the cooling oil that flows down from the cooling port after being sprayed to the stator assembly; and the liquid collecting flow channel extends axially into the gear box chamber and corresponds to the bottom of the gear assembly, and is used to collect the cooling oil that flows down from the lubricating flow channel to lubricate the gear assembly; The return flow channel is located in the gear box chamber, and the return flow channel is connected between the liquid collecting flow channel and the cooling flow channel; The pump assembly is arranged in the return flow channel, and is used to drive the cooling oil from the liquid collecting flow channel to the cooling flow channel through the return flow channel, so as to realize the circulation of the cooling oil along the circulation flow channel. The motor as described in claim 3, wherein: The pump assembly includes a pump drive gear and a rotor pump, the pump drive gear is engaged with the gear assembly and is used to rotate under the drive of the gear assembly; the rotor pump is connected to the pump drive gear and is used to operate under the drive of the pump drive gear to drive the circulation of cooling oil. The motor as described in claim 4, wherein: The outer casing includes a casing and a front cover, the casing defines the accommodation space; the front cover is connected to the axial front end of the casing, and forms the gear box chamber with the casing. The motor as described in claim 5, wherein: The motor further comprises: A flow channel plate, the flow channel plate is located in the gear box chamber, the flow channel plate is attached to the front end surface of the housing, the front end surface is the surface of the housing facing the front cover, and the return flow channel is defined between the flow channel plate and the housing, one end of the return flow channel is connected to the cooling flow channel, and the other end is connected to the liquid collection flow channel through the rotor pump. The motor as described in claim 6, wherein: The front end surface of the housing is concave to form a pump groove, and the flow channel plate covers the pump groove; The rotor pump includes an inner rotor, an outer rotor and a connecting shaft; the outer rotor fits in the pump groove, and the inner rotor fits in the outer rotor; the connecting shaft passes through the flow channel plate, and one end is connected to the inner rotor and the other end is connected to the pump drive gear, and is used to transmit the rotation of the pump drive gear to the inner rotor. The motor as described in claim 7, wherein: The surface of the flow channel plate facing the housing is a flow channel surface, the flow channel surface is provided with a flow channel groove, and the front end surface of the housing covers the flow channel groove to form the return flow channel; The flow channel groove includes a first flow channel groove, a second flow channel groove and a third flow channel groove; One end of the first flow channel groove is connected to the liquid collection flow channel, and the other end is connected to the low-pressure chamber of the rotor pump; The third flow channel groove is located above the first flow channel groove and is connected to the cooling flow channel; One end of the second flow channel groove is connected to the high-pressure chamber of the rotor pump, and the other end is connected to the third flow channel groove. The motor as described in claim 8, wherein: The low-pressure chamber of the rotor pump faces downward on one side and the high-pressure chamber faces upward on one side; One end of the first flow channel extends through the lower edge of the flow channel plate to connect to the liquid collection flow channel below. The motor as described in claim 6, wherein: The lubricating flow channel is provided in the flow channel plate, one end of the lubricating flow channel is connected to the return flow channel, and the other end corresponds to the gear assembly, and is used to divert part of the cooling oil from the return flow channel to the gear assembly to lubricate the gear assembly. The motor as claimed in claim 10, wherein: The outlet of the lubricating flow channel is located above the gear assembly so that the cooling oil is sprayed onto the gear assembly from top to bottom. The motor as claimed in claim 4, wherein: The rotor shaft assembly includes a rotor assembly and a rotor shaft; the rotor shaft is rotatably connected to the housing; the rotor assembly is fixedly connected to the rotor shaft and corresponds to the stator assembly, and is used to be driven to rotate the rotor shaft; The gear assembly includes a first gear and a second gear that mesh with each other, the first gear is connected to the rotor shaft, and the second gear is connected to the output shaft; the first gear and the second gear are horizontally staggered, and the outlet of the lubricating flow channel is located above the meshing position of the first gear and the second gear. The motor as claimed in claim 12, wherein: The number of teeth of the first gear is less than the number of teeth of the second gear, so that the gear assembly is a reduction gear set; The pump drive gear is located below the first gear and is engaged with the second gear in the horizontal direction close to the first gear side. The motor as described in claim 5, wherein: The stator assembly is connected to the casing and accommodated in the accommodation space; the stator assembly includes a stator core and a stator winding, and the stator winding is connected to the stator core; The stator core is fitted to the inner circumference of the casing, and the cooling channel is defined between the outer circumference of the stator core and the casing; The stator winding has a winding end extending axially from the stator core; the cooling port is opened in the casing, one end of the cooling port is connected to the cooling channel, and the other end corresponds to the outer circumference of the winding end, so as to allow the cooling oil from the cooling channel to be sprayed to the winding end. The motor as described in claim 14, wherein: The inner circumference of the casing includes a first circumference, a second circumference and a step surface, the first circumference and the second circumference are staggered along the axial direction of the casing, and the second circumference is radially offset inward relative to the first circumference, and the step surface is connected between the first circumference and the second circumference; The stator core is attached to the first circumference and abuts against the step surface axially, and the winding end corresponds to the second circumference; One end of the cooling port penetrates the step surface and is connected to the cooling channel, and the other end penetrates the second circumference and corresponds to the winding end. The motor as described in claim 15, wherein: The second circumferential surface and the step surface define an annular step portion, the annular step portion is provided with an inclined groove, and the inclined groove obliquely penetrates the step surface and the second circumferential surface; The end surface of the stator core and the inclined groove together form the cooling port; The cooling channel is connected to the opening of the inclined groove located on the step surface. The motor as described in claim 16, wherein: The inclined slot includes a slot bottom surface and two slot side surfaces connected to both sides of the slot bottom surface; the slot bottom surface is an inclined surface that intersects the axis of the housing at an angle. The motor as described in claim 16, wherein: There are multiple cooling ports, and the multiple cooling ports are spaced and distributed in the upper semicircular portion of the annular step. The motor as described in claim 14, wherein: The cooling port has an inlet end connected to the cooling channel and an outlet end corresponding to the winding end, and the cooling port is an expansion shape with the opening becoming larger from the inlet end to the outlet end; The inlet end is connected to the cooling channel along the axial direction, and the outlet end corresponds to the winding end along the radial direction. The motor as described in claim 14, wherein: The winding ends are provided at the axial ends of the stator core, the cooling ports are connected to the axial ends of the cooling channel, and the cooling ports at the two ends correspond to the winding ends at the two ends. The motor as claimed in claim 20, wherein: The housing includes a main housing and a rear cover, the rear cover is detachably connected to the main housing and together with the main housing encloses the accommodating space; the stator core is fitted in the main housing; The rear cover is provided with an annular space formed by an inward concave on one side of the main housing, and the winding end near one end of the rear cover extends into the annular space; the cooling port near one end of the rear cover is opened in the rear cover and penetrates to the circumference of the annular space to correspond to the winding end extending into the annular space. The motor as described in claim 14, wherein: The cooling channel includes an axial liquid inlet channel, an annular channel and an axial liquid outlet channel; the axial liquid inlet channel is used to introduce cooling oil; The annular channel connects the axial liquid inlet channel and the axial liquid outlet channel, and is used to guide the cooling oil from the axial liquid inlet channel to the axial liquid outlet channel; The axial liquid outlet channel extends axially and connects to the cooling port. The motor as described in claim 22, wherein: The outer circumferential surface of the stator core is provided with a plurality of first grooves and a plurality of second grooves, the plurality of first grooves are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the first grooves axially penetrate the two end surfaces of the stator core; the plurality of second grooves are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction; The inner circumferential surface of the casing includes a first circumferential surface, a second circumferential surface and a step surface, the first circumferential surface and the second circumferential surface are staggered along the axial direction of the casing, and the second circumferential surface is radially offset inward relative to the first circumferential surface, and the step surface is connected between the first circumferential surface and the second circumferential surface; the stator core is attached to the first circumferential surface and abuts against the step surface axially, and the winding end corresponds to the second circumferential surface; the cooling port One end penetrates the step surface and is connected to the cooling channel, and the other end penetrates the second peripheral surface and corresponds to the winding end; the second peripheral surface and the step surface define an annular step portion, and the annular step portion is provided with an inclined groove, and the inclined groove obliquely penetrates the step surface and the second peripheral surface; the end surface of the stator core and the inclined groove together form the cooling port; the cooling channel is connected to the opening of the inclined groove located on the step surface; The housing includes an outer peripheral wall and a front end wall, the front end wall is connected to the front end of the outer peripheral wall, and the annular step is convexly arranged at the intersection of the front end wall and the outer peripheral wall; The first peripheral surface of the housing is provided with a third groove, a fourth groove and a fifth groove; the third groove extends axially, the fourth groove extends axially, and the third groove and the fourth groove are spaced circumferentially; the fifth groove extends circumferentially and connects the third groove and the fourth groove; The housing is also provided with a first connecting hole and a second connecting hole penetrating the annular step and the front end wall; The third groove and the first groove are radially corresponding and spliced together to coaxially connect with the first connecting hole to form the axial liquid inlet channel; The notches of at least some of the second grooves in the plurality of second grooves are closed by the first circumferential surface to form the axial liquid outlet channel; The fifth groove is closed by the first circumferential surface to form the annular flow channel; The fourth groove is enclosed by the outer circumferential surface of the stator core and coaxially connected to the second connecting hole to form the liquid collecting channel; One end of the return flow channel is connected to the first connecting hole, and the other end is connected to the second connecting hole. An electric vehicle, comprising: a vehicle body; an electric motor as described in any one of claims 1-23.

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