TWM628678U - Intelligent multi-input and multi-output energy conversion system - Google Patents

Abstract

An intelligent multiple-input multiple-output energy conversion system for driving loads. The intelligent multi-input and multi-output energy conversion system includes: a buck-boost DC/DC converter coupled to a renewable energy power generation device, a bidirectional DC/DC converter coupled to an energy storage device, and a buck-boost DC/DC converter coupled in parallel on the DC side The three-phase inverter of the converter and the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the transformer, the storage unit and the system control unit, one side is coupled to the mains terminal and the load, and the other side is coupled to the AC side of the three-phase inverter. The system control unit controls the buck-boost DC/DC converter, the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the three-phase inverter according to the relationship table between the mains electricity price stored in the storage unit, the demand power of the load and the output power of the mains terminal, and then controls the mains power Whether the terminal is charging the energy storage device.

Description

Intelligent multi-input and multi-output energy conversion system

The present application relates to an energy conversion system, in particular, to an intelligent multiple-input and multiple-output energy conversion system.

In recent years, with the rise of environmental awareness, the development of renewable energy has become one of the important issues. Since the centralized renewable energy power generation system will generate a large amount of energy consumption in the process of energy conversion and transmission, it has the problem of low efficiency. Therefore, the decentralized renewable energy power generation system that can supply the load demand nearby has become the main development direction.

In order to coordinate the distributed renewable energy power generation system in parallel with the mains to drive the load, and to increase the value brought by the distributed renewable energy power generation system to the user side, the distributed power supply or energy storage components can be monitored/dispatched in real time according to the power supply and power consumption conditions The energy conversion system has gradually received attention. Among them, intelligent and high-efficiency energy management and control has become one of the goals continuously pursued by energy conversion system developers.

However, the current energy conversion system launched by the relevant industry for grid-connected renewable energy includes an inverter system that uses a Rule-based (RB) control method to allocate different energies, but the load and the power generated by the renewable energy are different from those of the renewable energy. Various values such as power storage will change carefully with time, so that the switching conditions of the rule-based control strategy cannot take into account all possibilities, resulting in the inability to allocate energy to the optimum, resulting in a decrease in the efficiency of energy use. Therefore, how to provide an intelligent MIMO energy conversion system with an active energy management solution has become a goal pursued by those skilled in the art.

The embodiments of the present application provide an intelligent multi-input and multi-output energy conversion system, which can effectively solve the problem that the inverter system included in the current energy conversion system uses a regular control method to allocate different energies, and there are many limitations in performance.

In order to solve the above technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

An intelligent multi-input and multi-output energy conversion system is provided, which is coupled to a renewable energy power generation device, a commercial power terminal and an energy storage device, and drives a load. The intelligent multi-input and multi-output energy conversion system includes: buck-boost DC/DC converter, bidirectional DC/DC converter, three-phase inverter, transformer, storage unit and system control unit. The buck-boost DC/DC converter is coupled to the renewable energy generating device; the bidirectional DC/DC converter is coupled to the energy storage device, and the electric energy between the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the energy storage device is bidirectionally transmitted; one side of the transformer is coupled to The mains terminal and the load; the DC side of the three-phase inverter is coupled to the buck-boost DC/DC converter and the bidirectional DC/DC converter in parallel, and the AC side of the three-phase inverter is coupled to the other side of the transformer. The storage unit is used to store the two-dimensional look-up table, wherein the two-dimensional look-up table is composed of the demand power based on the load, the power generation power of the renewable energy power generation device, the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device, the output power of the mains terminal and the minimum value of the mains electricity price, etc. It is obtained by the Equivalent Consumption Minimization. Strategy (ECMS), and is the relationship table between the electricity price of the mains, the demand power of the load and the output power of the mains terminal. The system control unit is coupled to the storage unit, the mains terminal, the renewable energy generating device, the energy storage device, the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the buck-boost DC/DC converter and the three-phase inverter, and the system control unit is used for checking the two-dimensional The meter controls the buck-boost DC/DC converter, the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the three-phase inverter, and then controls whether the mains terminal charges the energy storage device.

In the embodiment of the present application, the intelligent MIMO energy conversion system uses the system control unit according to the demand power based on the load to be driven, the generated power of the renewable energy power generation device, the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device, and the output power of the mains terminal. The two-dimensional look-up table obtained by the minimum equivalent energy consumption strategy of the mains electricity price controls the buck-boost DC/DC converter, bidirectional DC/DC converter and three-phase inverter, and then controls whether the mains terminal charges the energy storage device Therefore, the intelligent multi-input and multi-output energy conversion system plans to drive the load by the renewable energy power generation device, the energy storage device and/or the mains terminal according to the demand power of the load to be driven and the electricity price of the mains for the purpose of minimizing the cost of electricity, and Controls whether the mains terminal charges the energy storage device. In other words, the intelligent multi-input and multi-output energy conversion system can match the demand power of the load to be driven, quickly and optimally allocate the energy output distribution ratio, and maximize the energy efficiency.

The embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the relevant drawings. In the figures, the same reference numbers refer to the same or similar components or method flows.

It must be understood that words such as "comprise" and "include" used in this specification are used to indicate the existence of specific technical features, values, elements and/or components, but do not exclude the possibility of adding more technical feature, value, element, component, or any combination of the above.

It must be understood that when an element is described as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element, and intervening elements may be present. In contrast, when an element is described as being "directly connected" or "directly coupled" to another element, there are no intervening elements present.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of a connection block of an embodiment of an intelligent MIMO energy conversion system, a renewable energy power generation device, a mains terminal, an energy storage device and a load of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1 , the intelligent MIMO energy conversion system 100 is coupled to the renewable energy generating device 50 , the mains terminal 60 and the energy storage device 70 , and drives the load 80 . Wherein, the renewable energy power generation device 50 may be, but not limited to, a solar panel or a wind power generation device, the energy storage device 70 may be, but not limited to, a battery (eg, lead-acid battery, lithium battery), and the load 80 is an AC load, but this embodiment It is not intended to limit this application.

In this embodiment, the intelligent MIMO energy conversion system 100 includes: a buck-boost DC/DC converter 110, a bidirectional DC/DC converter 120, a three-phase inverter 130, a transformer 140, a storage unit 150 and a system control unit 160. The buck-boost DC/DC converter 110 is coupled to the renewable energy generating device 50; the bidirectional DC/DC converter 120 is coupled to the energy storage device 70, and the electrical energy between the bidirectional DC/DC converter 120 and the energy storage device 70 is bidirectional Transmission; one side of the transformer 140 is coupled to the mains terminal 60 and the load 80, the DC side of the three-phase inverter 130 is coupled to the buck-boost DC/DC converter 110 and the bidirectional DC/DC converter 120 in parallel, and the three-phase inverter The AC side of 130 is coupled to the other side of transformer 140 . Therefore, the renewable energy power generation device 50, the energy storage device 70 and the mains terminal 60 are connected to the grid to supply power. That is to say, the smart MIMO energy conversion system 100 boosts the output voltage of the renewable energy generating device 50 and the energy storage device 70 to a predetermined voltage through the buck-boost DC/DC converter 110 and the bidirectional DC/DC converter 120 (ie the DC link voltage level), and the three-phase inverter 130 converts the DC power output by the buck-boost DC/DC converter 110 and the bidirectional DC/DC converter 120 into AC power, and then passes through the transformer 140 and the mains terminal 60 . It is connected to the grid, and then conducts bidirectional power transmission with the mains terminal 60 .

In this embodiment, the storage unit 150 is used for storing a two-dimensional look-up table, wherein the two-dimensional look-up table is composed of the power demand based on the load 80 , the power generation power of the renewable energy power generation device 50 , the charge and discharge power of the energy storage device 70 , The minimum equivalent energy consumption strategy of the output power of the mains terminal 60 and the mains electricity price is obtained, and is a relationship table between the mains electricity price, the demand power of the load 80 and the output power of the mains terminal 60 . The system control unit 160 is coupled to the storage unit 150 , the mains terminal 60 , the renewable energy generating device 50 , the energy storage device 70 , the bidirectional DC/DC converter 120 , the buck-boost DC/DC converter 110 and the three-phase inverter 130 . The control unit 160 is used to control the buck-boost DC/DC converter 110 , the bidirectional DC/DC converter 120 and the three-phase inverter 130 according to the two-dimensional look-up table, and then control whether the mains terminal 60 charges the energy storage device 70 .

Specifically, the minimum equivalent energy consumption strategy is one of the real-time control strategies, and the values of the renewable energy power generation device 50 , the mains terminal 60 , the energy storage device 70 and the load to be driven 80 can be calculated by an exhaustive method in advance to obtain The optimal energy distribution ratio strategy (that is, to find the minimum energy consumption and present it in the form of equivalent energy consumption).

；

為最低耗成本，單位為元；

為市電轉換器之能源轉換效率比；

為時段t之再生能源發電裝置50的發電功率，單位為瓦特（W）；

為時段t之負載80的需求功率，單位為W；

為時段t之儲能裝置70的充放電功率，單位為W；

為市電電價便宜時段；

為市電電價昂貴時段；

為時間電價；

為

、

、

與

的物理範圍限制量；

為時段t之市電端60對儲能裝置70時的輸出功率；

為儲能裝置70放電時時段t之市電端60的輸出功率）；接著，對再生能源發電裝置50、市電端60與儲能裝置70的輸出功率、負載80的需求功率與儲能裝置70的殘電量進行全域搜索，以For迴圈或if-then-else條件判斷全部可能的條件（例如：儲能裝置70的電量高且再生能源發電裝置50的發電量不足時，負載80的需求功率等於儲能裝置70的輸出功率；儲能裝置70的電量低但再生能源發電裝置50的發電量大於或等於負載80的需求功率時，再生能源發電裝置50的發電量不僅能供給負載80也能對儲能裝置70充電；儲能裝置70的電量低、再生能源發電裝置50的發電量不足與市電電價為便宜時段時，市電端60能滿足負載80且依照負載80的需求功率決定儲能裝置70的充電電流多寡），再藉由程式運算各參數，進而求出各個情況下的最小等效耗能；最後，將程式所計算得出之最小等效能耗儲存於一個矩陣中，進而建置儲存在儲存單元150中的二維查表，其中，二維查表為市電電價、負載80的需求功率與市電端60的輸出功率之間的關係表（如下表1所示，表1為二維查表的一實施例，表1的橫軸為正規化的市電電價（0至0.5屬於市電電價便宜時段，0.6至1.0屬於市電電價昂貴時段），表1的縱軸為負載80的需求功率（單位為千瓦特），表1呈現儲能裝置70的電量高時不同市電電價與負載80的需求功率所對應之市電端60的輸出功率（單位為千瓦特））。 In an example, in the process of constructing the minimum equivalent energy consumption strategy, the most suitable objective function can be defined according to different fields and specifications (for example:

;

is the minimum consumption cost, the unit is Yuan;

is the energy conversion efficiency ratio of the mains converter;

is the power generation of the renewable energy power generation device 50 in the period t, in watts (W);

is the required power of the load 80 in the period t, the unit is W;

is the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device 70 in the period t, in W;

It is the time when the electricity price is cheap;

It is the period when the electricity price of mains is expensive;

is the time price;

for

,

,

and

the physical range limit of ;

is the output power of the mains terminal 60 to the energy storage device 70 in the period t;

is the output power of the mains terminal 60 during the discharge time period t of the energy storage device 70); then, the output power of the renewable energy power generation device 50, the mains terminal 60 and the energy storage device 70, the demand power of the load 80 and the energy storage device 70 Perform a global search on the residual power, and judge all possible conditions with For loop or if-then-else conditions (for example, when the power of the energy storage device 70 is high and the power generation of the renewable energy power generation device 50 is insufficient, the required power of the load 80 is equal to The output power of the energy storage device 70; when the power of the energy storage device 70 is low but the power generation of the renewable energy power generation device 50 is greater than or equal to the demand power of the load 80, the power generation of the renewable energy power generation device 50 can not only be supplied to the load 80 but also The energy storage device 70 is charged; when the power of the energy storage device 70 is low, the power generation of the renewable energy power generation device 50 is insufficient, and the electricity price of the mains is cheap, the mains terminal 60 can satisfy the load 80 and determine the energy storage device 70 according to the demand power of the load 80 the charging current), and then use the program to calculate the parameters to obtain the minimum equivalent energy consumption in each case; finally, store the minimum equivalent energy consumption calculated by the program in a matrix, and then build a storage The two-dimensional look-up table in the storage unit 150, wherein the two-dimensional look-up table is the relationship table between the electricity price of the mains, the demand power of the load 80 and the output power of the mains terminal 60 (as shown in Table 1 below, Table 1 is a two-dimensional table An example of a table look-up, the horizontal axis of Table 1 is the normalized electricity price of mains (0 to 0.5 belongs to the period of cheap mains electricity price, and 0.6 to 1.0 belongs to the period of expensive electricity price of mains electricity), and the vertical axis of Table 1 is the demand power of the load 80 ( The unit is kilowatts), Table 1 shows the output power of the mains terminal 60 (in kilowatts) corresponding to different mains electricity prices and the demand power of the load 80 when the power of the energy storage device 70 is high.

Table 1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0 0 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0 0 0 0 0 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0 0 0 0 0 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0 0 0 0 0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0 0 0 0 0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 0 0 0 0 0 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1

Since the parameters for obtaining the two-dimensional look-up table include the required power of the load 80 , the two-dimensional look-up table stored in the storage unit 150 will vary according to the output power of different loads 80 , which can be based on the intelligent multi-input and multi-output A corresponding two-dimensional look-up table is adaptively stored in the storage unit 150 according to the usage demand of the user end of the energy conversion system 100 (ie, the demanded power of the load 80 ). The system control unit 160 can control the buck-boost DC/DC converter 110 , the bidirectional DC/DC converter 120 and the three-phase inverter 130 according to the two-dimensional look-up table, and then control whether the mains terminal 60 charges the energy storage device 70 (eg, : According to the above Table 1, the system control unit 160 can control the buck-boost DC/DC converter 110, the bidirectional DC/DC converter 120 and the three-phase inverter 130 during the period when the electricity price of the mains is cheap, so that the renewable energy power generation device 50 and the three-phase inverter 130 can be controlled. The mains terminal 60 drives the load 80, and the mains terminal 60 charges the energy storage device 70; the system control unit 160 can control the buck-boost DC/DC converter 110, the bidirectional DC/DC converter 120 and the three-phase inverter when the mains electricity price is expensive 130, so that the renewable energy power generation device 50 and the energy storage device 70 drive the load 80, and the mains terminal 60 does not charge the energy storage device 70). Therefore, the system control unit 160 can perform energy optimal management on the performance of the energy storage device 70 , and at the same time realize the minimum electricity consumption cost for driving the load 80 .

In one embodiment, when the system control unit 160 cannot directly find the corresponding value in the two-dimensional look-up table stored in the storage unit 150 according to the current electricity price of the mains and the current load demand power, the system control unit 160 can compare the current electricity price of the electricity and the current load. The required power adopts the bilinear interpolation method to obtain the output power of the corresponding mains terminal 60 in the two-dimensional look-up table to control the buck-boost DC/DC converter 110 , the bidirectional DC/DC converter 120 and the three-phase inverter 130 . Among them, the bilinear interpolation method is familiar to those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here.

In one embodiment, the storage unit 150 can store a plurality of two-dimensional look-up tables. When the demand power of the load 80 or the capacity of the energy storage device 70 changes (for example, an internal battery of the energy storage device 70 is added in parallel with the original battery) battery), the system control unit 160 controls the buck-boost DC/DC converter 110 , the bidirectional DC/DC converter 120 and the three-phase inverter 130 according to different two-dimensional look-up tables.

In one embodiment, the system control unit 160 and the storage unit 150 are integrated into a system processing unit, that is, the storage unit 150 becomes the memory of the system processing unit. Wherein, the system processing unit may be, but not limited to, a central processing unit, a microcontroller or a digital signal processor.

In an embodiment, please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of an embodiment of the intelligent MIMO energy conversion system, renewable energy generating device, mains terminal, energy storage device and load of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2 , the intelligent MIMO energy conversion system 200 includes a buck-boost DC/DC converter 110 , a bidirectional DC/DC converter 120 , a three-phase inverter 130 , a transformer 140 , a storage unit 150 and a system In addition to the control unit 160 , it may further include a first pulse-width modulation (PWM) circuit 270 . The first PWM circuit 270 is coupled to the system control unit 160 , the buck-boost DC/DC converter 110 and the bidirectional DC/DC converter 120. Therein, the transformer 140 may have a Y-connected primary side and a delta-connected secondary side.

以及再生能源發電裝置50的輸出電壓

與輸出電流

輸出第一控制信號給第一PWM電路270，以使第一PWM電路270控制升降壓直流/直流轉換器110的運作。具體地，系統控制單元160可先利用參考電壓

與輸出電壓

之間的電壓誤差值經電壓控制補償器52得到調節控制信號

；接著，將依據二維查表所獲取的參考電流

與調節控制信號

進行相加，並將相加結果與輸出電流

之間的電流誤差值經電流控制補償器54得到校正的均流控制信號

（即第一控制信號）；最後，第一PWM電路270可將三角波的振幅與校正的均流控制信號

進行比較，以輸出控制升降壓直流/直流轉換器110的運作之信號。其中，參考電壓

可依據實際需求進行設定。也就是說，系統控制單元160可基於圖3的電壓迴路與電流迴路控制升降壓直流/直流轉換器110的運作，其中，透過圖3的電壓迴路可得到期望的輸出電壓

的波形，透過圖3的電流迴路可獲取較快的動態響應。 Please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 . FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the system control unit outputting the first control signal to the first pulse width modulation circuit. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the system control unit 160 can be based on the reference voltage

and the output voltage of the regenerative energy generator 50

with output current

The first control signal is output to the first PWM circuit 270 , so that the first PWM circuit 270 controls the operation of the buck-boost DC/DC converter 110 . Specifically, the system control unit 160 may first use the reference voltage

with the output voltage

The voltage error value between the voltage control compensator 52 to obtain the adjustment control signal

; Next, according to the reference current obtained by the two-dimensional look-up table

with the regulation control signal

add, and add the result to the output current

The current error value between the current control compensator 54 obtains the corrected current sharing control signal

(ie the first control signal); finally, the first PWM circuit 270 can compare the amplitude of the triangular wave with the corrected current sharing control signal

The comparison is performed to output a signal for controlling the operation of the buck-boost DC/DC converter 110 . Among them, the reference voltage

Can be set according to actual needs. That is to say, the system control unit 160 can control the operation of the buck-boost DC/DC converter 110 based on the voltage loop and the current loop of FIG. 3 , wherein a desired output voltage can be obtained through the voltage loop of FIG. 3 .

, a faster dynamic response can be obtained through the current loop shown in Figure 3.

以及儲能裝置70的輸出電壓

與輸出電流

輸出第二控制信號給第一PWM電路270，以使第一PWM電路270控制雙向直流/直流轉換器120的運作。具體地，系統控制單元160可先利用參考電壓

與輸出電壓

之間的電壓誤差值經電壓控制補償器56得到調節控制信號

；接著，將依據二維查表所獲取的參考電流

與調節控制信號

進行相加，並將相加結果與輸出電流

之間的電流誤差值經電流控制補償器58得到校正的均流控制信號

（即第二控制信號）；最後，第一PWM電路270可將三角波的振幅與校正的均流控制信號

進行比較，以輸出控制雙向直流/直流轉換器120的運作之信號。也就是說，系統控制單元160可基於圖4的電壓迴路與電流迴路控制雙向直流/直流轉換器120的運作，其中，透過圖4的電壓迴路可得到期望的輸出電壓

的波形，透過圖4的電流迴路可獲取較快的動態響應。 Please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 . FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the system control unit outputting the second control signal to the first pulse width modulation circuit. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 , the system control unit 160 can be based on the reference voltage

and the output voltage of the energy storage device 70

with output current

The second control signal is output to the first PWM circuit 270 , so that the first PWM circuit 270 controls the operation of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 120 . Specifically, the system control unit 160 may first use the reference voltage

with the output voltage

The voltage error value between the voltage control compensator 56 to obtain the adjustment control signal

; Next, according to the reference current obtained by the two-dimensional look-up table

with the regulation control signal

add, and add the result to the output current

The current error value between the current control compensator 58 is corrected by the current sharing control signal

(ie the second control signal); finally, the first PWM circuit 270 can compare the amplitude of the triangular wave with the corrected current sharing control signal

The comparison is performed to output a signal for controlling the operation of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 120 . That is to say, the system control unit 160 can control the operation of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 120 based on the voltage loop and the current loop of FIG. 4 , wherein a desired output voltage can be obtained through the voltage loop of FIG. 4 .

, a faster dynamic response can be obtained through the current loop shown in Figure 4.

與負載80的需求功率變動的情況下仍然穩定運作並維持輸出驅動負載80所需之能量。 It can be seen from FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 that the system control unit 160 can control the operations of the buck-boost DC/DC converter 110 and the bidirectional DC/DC converter 120 based on the control strategy of the voltage loop and the current loop, so as to enable the intelligent multi-input and multi-output The output voltage of the energy conversion system 200 at the energy storage device 70

Even when the power demand of the load 80 varies, it still operates stably and maintains the output of the energy required to drive the load 80 .

，升降壓直流/直流轉換器110與三相逆變器130之間並聯直流鏈電容

，系統控制單元160還可用以控制三相逆變器130，以穩定直流鏈電容

的直流鏈電壓

。 In one embodiment, please refer to FIG. 2 , the smart MIMO energy conversion system 200 may further include a DC link capacitor

, a DC link capacitor is connected in parallel between the buck-boost DC/DC converter 110 and the three-phase inverter 130

, the system control unit 160 can also be used to control the three-phase inverter 130 to stabilize the DC link capacitance

The DC link voltage of

.

與虛功

，以輸出三相命令電流

、

、

給電流控制電路290，使得電流控制電路290依據三相命令電流

、

、

與三相逆變器130的三相輸出電流

、

、

產生第三控制信號給第二PWM電路280，進而使第二PWM電路280控制三相逆變器130的運作。 In one embodiment, please refer to FIG. 2 , the intelligent MIMO energy conversion system 200 may further include a second PWM circuit 280 and a current control circuit 290 . The second PWM circuit 280 is coupled to the three-phase inverter 130 and the current. The control circuit 290 , the current control circuit 290 is coupled to the system control unit 160 . The system control unit 160 can synchronize the phase of the three-phase alternating current generated by the three-phase inverter 130 with the alternating current of the mains terminal 60 according to the three-phase phase-locked loop (PLL) method, and control the three-phase inverter 130 's real work

with virtual work

, to output the three-phase command current

,

,

to the current control circuit 290 so that the current control circuit 290 commands the current according to the three-phase

,

,

With the three-phase output current of the three-phase inverter 130

,

,

The third control signal is generated to the second PWM circuit 280 , so that the second PWM circuit 280 controls the operation of the three-phase inverter 130 .

、

、

，再利用三角公式求得市電端60的三相電壓相位角

（

）；依序將三相固定座標軸電壓

、

、

轉換至兩相固定座標軸電壓

、

（

，

，其中，

為市電端60的三相相電壓的峰值）；當市電端60的三相電壓相位角

與鎖相迴路產生的角度

不相同時，將兩相固定座標軸電壓

、

藉由同步旋轉座標軸轉換方程式轉換至兩相同步旋轉座標軸電壓

、

（

，

）；由於市電端60的三相電壓相位角

與鎖相迴路產生的角度

相同時，

，

0，因此，

可代表為市電端60的三相相電壓的峰值，

可代表市電端60的三相電壓相位角

與鎖相迴路產生的角度

之間的誤差量，故可將電壓之d軸分量目標值

設為零（即期望電壓之d軸分量的誤差量為0），再利用比例積分控制器PI調節

與

之間的誤差產生控制命令

，接著，再經過積分器

獲得鎖相迴路角度

，最後，將鎖相迴路角度

輸入同步旋轉座標軸轉換方程式，形成閉迴路控制，迫使鎖相迴路角度

趨近於市電端60的三相電壓相位角

，進而達成鎖相之目的。 Specifically, since the AC side of the three-phase inverter 130 is connected in parallel with the mains terminal 60, the system control unit 160 needs to synchronize the phase of the three-phase AC power generated by the three-phase inverter 130 with the AC power of the mains terminal 60, so the system control unit 160 The three-phase voltage phase angle of the mains terminal 60 is detected according to the three-phase phase-locked loop method, which is used as the basis for the three-phase voltage phase angle of the three-phase inverter 130 . The operation process of the three-phase phase-locked loop method (as shown in FIG. 5 , which is a control block diagram of the three-phase phase-locked loop method of the present application) includes: measuring the three-phase line voltage

,

,

, and then use the triangular formula to obtain the three-phase voltage phase angle of the mains terminal 60

(

); sequentially convert the three-phase fixed coordinate axis voltage

,

,

Convert to two-phase fixed axis voltage

,

(

,

,in,

is the peak value of the three-phase voltage of the mains terminal 60); when the phase angle of the three-phase voltage of the mains terminal 60

The angle produced by the phase-locked loop

When they are not the same, fix the two-phase coordinate axis voltage

,

Convert to two-phase synchronous rotating coordinate axis voltage by the synchronous rotating coordinate axis conversion equation

,

(

,

); due to the phase angle of the three-phase voltage at the mains terminal 60

The angle produced by the phase-locked loop

When the same,

,

0, therefore,

It can be represented as the peak value of the three-phase phase voltage of the mains terminal 60,

It can represent the three-phase voltage phase angle of the mains terminal 60

The angle produced by the phase-locked loop

The amount of error between the two, so the target value of the d-axis component of the voltage can be

Set to zero (that is, the error of the d-axis component of the desired voltage is 0), and then use the proportional integral controller PI to adjust

and

The error between the generated control commands

, then, through the integrator

Get PLL angle

, and finally, the PLL angle

Enter the synchronous rotation coordinate axis conversion equation to form a closed-loop control, forcing the phase-locked loop angle

Approaching the phase angle of the three-phase voltage at the mains terminal 60

, and then achieve the purpose of phase locking.

與虛功

。具體地，智慧型多進多出能源轉換系統200利用上述閉迴路控制獲取三相逆變器130提供的實功

與虛功

（

，

，

與

為兩相同步旋轉座標軸電壓，

與

為兩相同步旋轉座標軸電流）；當市電端60的三相電壓相位角

與鎖相迴路產生的角度

相同時，

，

0，因此，

，

；由於實功對應q軸，其控制力為q 軸命令電流

；虛功對應d軸，其控制力為d 軸命令電流

，因此，系統控制單元160可控制

與

，進而實現調節實功

與虛功

。更詳細地說，請參閱圖2，在實功控制中，系統控制單元160可利用直流鏈電壓

與系統需求所定義的直流鏈電壓命令

產生q 軸命令電流

；在虛功控制中，系統控制單元160可利用虛功

與系統需求所定義的虛功命令

產生d 軸命令電流

然後，系統控制單元160可將

與

經由反同步旋轉座標軸轉換成三相命令電流

、

、

，電流控制電路290依據三相命令電流

、

、

與三相逆變器130的三相輸出電流

、

、

產生三相控制命令電壓

、

、

（即第三控制信號）給第二PWM電路280，進而使第二PWM電路280依據三相控制命令電壓

、

、

產生脈波寬度調變信號，以控制三相逆變器130的運作。 In addition, since the intelligent MIMO energy conversion system 200 needs to meet the power demand of the load 80, it needs to accurately control the power flow of the renewable energy power generation device 50, the energy storage device 70 and the mains terminal 60. The output energy conversion system 200 needs to adjust the real power provided by the three-phase inverter 130

with virtual work

. Specifically, the intelligent MIMO energy conversion system 200 uses the above closed-loop control to obtain the real power provided by the three-phase inverter 130

with virtual work

(

,

,

and

is the voltage of the two-phase synchronously rotating coordinate axis,

and

is the current of the two-phase synchronous rotating coordinate axis); when the phase angle of the three-phase voltage of the mains terminal 60

The angle produced by the phase-locked loop

When the same,

,

0, therefore,

,

; Since the real power corresponds to the q axis, its control force is the command current of the q axis

;Virtual work corresponds to the d axis, and its control force is the command current of the d axis

, therefore, the system control unit 160 can control

and

, so as to realize the adjustment real power

with virtual work

. In more detail, referring to FIG. 2 , in the real power control, the system control unit 160 can utilize the DC link voltage

DC link voltage command as defined by system requirements

Generate q-axis command current

; In virtual power control, the system control unit 160 can utilize virtual power

virtual work commands as defined by system requirements

Generates d-axis command current

Then, the system control unit 160 may

and

Converted to three-phase command current via anti-synchronized rotating coordinate axis

,

,

, the current control circuit 290 according to the three-phase command current

,

,

With the three-phase output current of the three-phase inverter 130

,

,

Generate three-phase control command voltage

,

,

(ie, the third control signal) to the second PWM circuit 280, so that the second PWM circuit 280 can control the voltage according to the three-phase control command

,

,

A PWM signal is generated to control the operation of the three-phase inverter 130 .

In one embodiment, the renewable energy power generation device 50 can be a solar panel, and the system control unit 160 can also be used to track the maximum power point of the solar panel by using the disturbance observation method, and control the buck-boost DC/DC converter 110 to make the solar panel output maximum power.

，再與實際的輸出電壓

比較後產生控制信號，經過第一PWM電路270產生脈波寬度調變信號控制升降壓直流/直流轉換器110，以使太陽能面板輸出最大功率。 Specifically, the system control unit 160 adopts a stable and reliable disturbance observation method to achieve the maximum power point tracking. This method achieves the maximum output power of the solar panel by continuously disturbing the operating voltage of the solar panel and observing its influence on the output power. For example, if the output power of the solar panel is larger than that before the disturbance, it means that the voltage of the solar panel can continue to move to a higher operating voltage; on the contrary, if the output power of the solar panel is smaller than before the disturbance, the voltage will be changed in the next cycle Change direction; through the above method, the command voltage of the solar panel can be obtained

, again with the actual output voltage

After the comparison, a control signal is generated, and a pulse width modulation signal is generated by the first PWM circuit 270 to control the buck-boost DC/DC converter 110, so that the solar panel can output the maximum power.

與虛功

，以對智慧型多進多出能源轉換系統200進行低電壓穿越保護。 In one embodiment, please refer to FIG. 2 , when the three-phase voltage of the three-phase inverter 130 drops below 90%, the system control unit 160 can control the three-phase inverter according to the drop ratio of the three-phase voltage. The real work of the device 130

with virtual work

, so as to perform low voltage ride through protection for the intelligent MIMO energy conversion system 200 .

為三相逆變器130的視在功率與虛功電流比例的乘積，實功命令

的平方與虛功命令

的平方之總和為所述視在功率的平方），即可避免負載80、再生能源發電裝置50、儲能裝置70或市電端60因干擾或異常而發生電壓驟降之狀況。 Specifically, when the load 80, the renewable energy power generation device 50, the energy storage device 70 or the mains terminal 60 is disturbed or abnormal (for example, a short circuit between two phases, a phase-to-ground short circuit, a lightning strike or overload is likely to cause a voltage dip), Unstable power quality will occur, so in order to maintain voltage stability, the intelligent MIMO energy conversion system 200 needs to meet the regulatory requirements for grid-connected use. Therefore, the intelligent multi-input multi-output energy conversion system 200 can obtain the three-phase line voltage from the voltage sensing circuit of the three-phase inverter 130, and then obtain the three-phase positive and negative zero-sequence voltage through positive and negative zero-sequence analysis, and further synthesize the three-phase phase Voltage. When the load 80, the renewable energy power generation device 50, the energy storage device 70 or the mains terminal 60 is faulty or abnormal, and the three-phase voltage drops below 90%, the system control unit 160 can obtain the required injection according to the ratio of the drop in the fault voltage The proportion of virtual power current (for example: when the voltage drop is between 10% and 50%, the virtual power current ratio is twice the maximum voltage drop ratio; when the voltage drop exceeds 50%, the virtual power current ratio is 100%), Combined with the above-mentioned real and virtual power control technology (virtual power command

is the product of the apparent power of the three-phase inverter 130 and the ratio of the virtual power current, the real power command

The square and virtual work order of

The sum of the squares is the square of the apparent power), which can prevent the load 80, the renewable energy power generation device 50, the energy storage device 70 or the mains terminal 60 from causing voltage dips due to interference or abnormality.

To sum up, the intelligent MIMO energy conversion system according to the embodiment of the present application can use the system control unit according to the demand power based on the load to be driven, the generated power of the renewable energy power generation device, the charge and discharge power of the energy storage device, The two-dimensional look-up table obtained by the minimum equivalent energy consumption strategy of the output power of the mains terminal and the mains price, controls the buck-boost DC/DC converter, bidirectional DC/DC converter and three-phase inverter, and then controls whether the mains terminal is suitable for storage. Therefore, the intelligent multi-input and multi-output energy conversion system plans to use the renewable energy power generation device, the energy storage device and/or the mains terminal according to the demand power of the load to be driven and the mains electricity price based on the purpose of the minimum electricity cost. Drive the load, and control whether the mains end charges the energy storage device. In addition, the intelligent multi-input and multi-output energy conversion system can actively control the power flow of the renewable energy power generation device, the mains terminal and the energy storage device through the active power control technology and optimized energy management strategy, so that the renewable energy power generation device, the mains power The output power of the terminal and the energy storage device can be actively distributed to achieve optimal energy management. In addition, the intelligent multi-input multi-output energy conversion system can perform low voltage ride-through protection by regulating the real power and virtual power of the three-phase inverter. Furthermore, when the renewable energy power generation device is a solar panel, the intelligent MIMO energy conversion system can control the buck-boost DC/DC converter through the disturbance observation method, so that the solar panel can output the maximum power.

Although the above-described components are included in the drawings of the present application, it is not excluded that more other additional components can be used to achieve better technical effects without violating the spirit of the novelty.

Although the present invention is described using the above embodiments, it should be noted that these descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention. On the contrary, this novel concept covers modifications and similar arrangements obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the scope of the patent application is to be construed in the broadest possible manner to encompass all obvious modifications and similar arrangements.

:直流鏈電容

,

,

:三相輸出電流

,

,

:三相命令電流

,

:校正的均流控制信號

,

:調節控制信號

,

:輸出電流

:參考電流 PI:比例積分控制器

,

,

:三相固定座標軸電壓

,

,

:三相線電壓

,

,

:三相控制命令電壓

,

:兩相同步旋轉座標軸電壓

:電壓之d軸分量目標值

:直流鏈電壓

:參考電壓

,

:輸出電壓

:控制命令

:積分器

:鎖相迴路角度50: Renewable energy power generation device 52, 56: Voltage control compensator 54, 58: Current control compensator 60: Mains terminal 70: Energy storage device 80: Load 100, 200: Intelligent multi-input and multi-output energy conversion system 110: Buck-boost DC /DC converter 120: Bidirectional DC/DC converter 130: Three-phase inverter 140: Transformer 150: Storage unit 160: System control unit 270: First PWM circuit 280: Second PWM circuit 290: Current control circuit

: DC link capacitance

,

,

: Three-phase output current

,

,

: Three-phase command current

,

: Corrected current sharing control signal

,

: Adjust the control signal

,

:Output current

: Reference current PI: Proportional-integral controller

,

,

: Three-phase fixed coordinate axis voltage

,

,

: Three-phase line voltage

,

,

: Three-phase control command voltage

,

: Two-phase synchronous rotating coordinate axis voltage

: target value of d-axis component of voltage

: DC link voltage

: reference voltage

,

:The output voltage

:control commands

: integrator

: PLL angle

The drawings described here are used to provide further understanding of the application and constitute a part of the application. The schematic embodiments and descriptions of the application are used to explain the application and do not constitute an improper limitation of the application. In the schema: 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of the connection of an intelligent MIMO energy conversion system, a renewable energy power generation device, a mains terminal, an energy storage device and a load according to the application; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of an embodiment of an intelligent multi-input and multi-output energy conversion system, a renewable energy power generation device, a mains terminal, an energy storage device and a load of the application; 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a system control unit outputting a first control signal to a first pulse width modulation circuit; 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the system control unit outputting the second control signal to the first pulse width modulation circuit; and FIG. 5 is a control block diagram of the three-phase phase-locked loop method of the present application.

50: Renewable energy power generation device

60: Mains terminal

70: Energy storage device

80: load

100: Intelligent multi-input and multi-output energy conversion system

110: Buck-Boost DC/DC Converter

120: Bidirectional DC/DC Converter

130: Three-phase inverter

140: Transformer

150: storage unit

160: System Control Unit

Claims (10)

An intelligent multi-input and multi-output energy conversion system is coupled to a renewable energy power generation device, a mains terminal and an energy storage device, and drives a load. The smart multi-input and multi-output energy conversion system includes: a buck-boost DC/DC converter coupled to the renewable energy generating device; a bidirectional DC/DC converter coupled to the energy storage device, and the electric energy between the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the energy storage device is bidirectionally transmitted; a transformer, one side of the transformer is coupled to the mains terminal and the load; A three-phase inverter, the DC side of the three-phase inverter is coupled in parallel with the buck-boost DC/DC converter and the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and an AC side of the three-phase inverter is coupled to the the other side of the transformer; a storage unit for storing a two-dimensional look-up table, wherein the two-dimensional look-up table is composed of a demand power based on the load, a power generation power of the renewable energy power generation device, a charge and discharge power of the energy storage device, An output power of the mains terminal is obtained from an Equivalent Consumption Minimization. Strategy (ECMS) of a mains electricity price, and is the difference between the mains electricity price, the demand power of the load and the output power of the mains terminal relational tables; and a system control unit, coupled to the storage unit, the mains terminal, the renewable energy generating device, the energy storage device, the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the buck-boost DC/DC converter and the three-phase inverter, The system control unit is used to control the buck-boost DC/DC converter, the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the three-phase inverter according to the two-dimensional look-up table, and then control whether the mains terminal charges the energy storage device . The intelligent MIMO energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a first pulse width modulation (PWM) circuit coupled to the system control unit, the buck-boost DC/DC converter and the bidirectional DC /DC converter; the system control unit outputs a first control signal to the first PWM circuit according to a reference voltage and an output voltage and an output current of the regenerative energy generating device, so that the first PWM circuit controls the rise and fall The operation of the voltage DC/DC converter; the system control unit outputs a second control signal to the first PWM circuit according to the reference voltage and an output voltage and an output current of the energy storage device, so that the first PWM circuit controls the operation of the bidirectional DC/DC converter. The intelligent MIMO energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a second PWM circuit and a current control circuit, the second PWM circuit is coupled to the three-phase inverter and the current control circuit, the The current control circuit is coupled to the system control unit; the system control unit conducts a three-phase alternating current generated by the three-phase inverter with an alternating current of the mains terminal according to a three-phase phase-locked loop (PLL) method. Phase synchronization, and regulating a real power and a virtual power of the three-phase inverter to output a three-phase command current to the current control circuit, so that the current control circuit and the three-phase inverter according to the three-phase command current A three-phase output current of the inverter generates a third control signal to the second PWM circuit, so that the second PWM circuit controls the operation of the three-phase inverter. The intelligent MIMO energy conversion system according to claim 1, wherein the storage unit stores a plurality of the two-dimensional look-up tables, and when the required power of the load or a capacity of the energy storage device changes, The system control unit controls the buck-boost DC/DC converter, the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the three-phase inverter according to the different two-dimensional look-up tables. The intelligent multi-input and multi-output energy conversion system according to claim 1, wherein the system control unit obtains the corresponding data in the two-dimensional look-up table by using a bilinear interpolation method between a current electricity price and a current load demand power. The output power of the mains terminal is used to control the buck-boost DC/DC converter, the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the three-phase inverter. The intelligent MIMO energy conversion system according to claim 1, wherein the system control unit and the storage unit are integrated into a system processing unit. The intelligent MIMO energy conversion system according to claim 6, wherein the system processing unit is a central processing unit, a microcontroller or a digital signal processor. The intelligent MIMO energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the renewable energy power generation device is a solar panel, and the system control unit is further used for tracking a maximum power point of the solar panel using a disturbance observation method , and control the buck-boost DC/DC converter to make the solar panel output a maximum power. The intelligent multi-input and multi-output energy conversion system according to claim 1, further comprising a DC link capacitor, the DC link capacitor is connected in parallel between the buck-boost DC/DC converter and the three-phase inverter, and the system controls The unit is also used to control the three-phase inverter to stabilize the DC link voltage of the DC link capacitor. The intelligent multiple-input multiple-output energy conversion system according to claim 1, wherein when a three-phase phase voltage of the three-phase inverter drops below 90%, the system control unit according to the three-phase phase voltage A voltage drop ratio regulates a real power and a virtual power of the three-phase inverter, so as to perform low voltage ride-through protection on the intelligent multi-input and multi-output energy conversion system.

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