TWM624764U - Transmission circuit for ethernet - Google Patents

Abstract

A transmission circuit for Ethernet includes four transmission sub-circuits, each including a first coil, a second coil, a first magnetic core and a transformer, and being configured to transmit a pair of Ethernet differential-mode signals. The first connection point of the first coil and the third connection point of the second coil are both coupled with the Ethernet connection device. The second connection point of the first coil and the fourth connection point of the second coil are coupled to the ground. The first coil and the second coil are wound together with the magnetic core in opposite directions. The transformer includes a third coil and a fourth coil. The fifth connection point and the sixth connection point of the third coil are respectively coupled with the first connection point and the third connection point, and both ends of the fourth coil are coupled with the Ethernet physical layer device.

Description

Transmission circuit for ethernet

The present invention relates to a transmission circuit used in an Ethernet network. More specifically, the novel Ethernet transmission circuit can replace the traditional Ethernet transformer, and provide functions of signal coupling, DC isolation and surge protection for Ethernet transmission.

Traditional network transformers for Ethernet (hereinafter referred to as "Ethernet transformers") include transformers with center taps, so they must be produced by manual winding, which results in traditional Ethernet transformers. The ability to adapt to changes in production capacity is poor, and the production cost is relatively high. In addition, the traditional Ethernet transformer does not have the function of surge protection, which makes the Ethernet system vulnerable to surge interference (such as lightning strikes, static electricity or the switching action of the power supply of other loads in the same circuit). Environments often fail to function effectively, causing Ethernet service to have to be interrupted. In view of this, how to provide an Ethernet network transmission circuit that can be produced in an automated manner and has surge protection capability to replace the traditional Ethernet network transformer is a problem to be solved urgently in the technical field of the present invention. .

In order to solve at least the above-mentioned problems, the present invention discloses a transmission circuit for an Ethernet network. The transmission circuit contains four transmission subcircuits. Each of the transmission sub-circuits is coupled to an Ethernet network Between the body layer device and an Ethernet network connection device, and each of the transmission sub-circuits is used to transmit a pair of differential mode signals of the Ethernet network. Each of the transmission sub-circuits may include a first coil, a second coil, a first magnetic core and a transformer. In each transmission sub-circuit, both ends of the first coil may respectively include a first connection point and a second connection point, and both ends of the second coil may include a third connection point and a fourth connection respectively point. Both the first connection point and the third connection point may be coupled to the Ethernet connection device, and the second connection point and the fourth connection point may both be coupled to a ground. The first coil and the second coil are wound together on the first magnetic core in opposite directions. The transformer may include a third coil and a fourth coil. Two ends of the third coil may respectively include a fifth connection point and a sixth connection point, and the fifth connection point and the sixth connection point may be respectively coupled to the first connection point and a third connection point . Both ends of the fourth coil can be coupled to the Ethernet physical layer device.

After referring to the accompanying drawings and the embodiments described later, those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can understand the main purpose, technical means and implementation aspects of the present invention.

As follows:

1, 2, 3, 4: Transmission circuit

11, 12, 13, 14, 21, 22, 23, 24: Transmission subcircuits

E1: Ethernet physical layer device

E2: Ethernet connection device

C1: Capacitor

CL1, CL2, CL3, CL4, CL5, CL6: Coil

G1: ground terminal

M1, M2: magnetic core

P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, PC1: Connection points

T1: Transformer

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, wherein: FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the transmission circuit used in the Ethernet network of the present invention; A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the coil winding method in the transmission circuit; FIGS. 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams of another embodiment of the transmission circuit of the present invention; a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a coil winding method; and FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the transmission circuit of the present invention.

The following examples are used to illustrate the technical content of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the following embodiments and drawings, elements irrelevant to the present invention have been omitted and not shown, and the dimensional relationships among the elements in the drawings are only for easy understanding and are not intended to limit the actual proportions. In this article, terms such as "first", "second", "third", "fourth" and so on before some elements are only used to distinguish each element, rather than to limit the order among the various elements. relation.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the novel Ethernet transmission circuit. Referring to FIG. 1, a transmission circuit 1 for Ethernet basically includes four groups of transmission sub-circuits 11, 12, 13, 14, and can be coupled to a signal source of the Ethernet (eg, Ethernet physical (PHY) layer device in the circuit). Since the signals transmitted in the Ethernet network are generally designed to be transmitted through eight wires, the eight signals in the eight wires can be equally divided into four differential mode signal pairs, and the transmission sub-circuits 11 and 12 , 13 and 14 can respectively correspond to one of the four differential mode signal pairs. The transmission sub-circuits 11, 12, 13, and 14 have substantially the same structure, and their respective input and output types are also similar. Therefore, based on the principle of simplifying the description, the transmission sub-circuit 11 is only used as an example for description, but those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs can understand the transmission sub-circuits 12 and 13 according to the description of the transmission sub-circuit 11. , 14, the corresponding structure, function and applicable parameters/settings of each element.

The transmission sub-circuit 11 can process a set of Ethernet signals transmitted between an Ethernet PHY layer device E1 and an Ethernet connection device E2. The Ethernet connection device E2 may be an Ethernet connector with an RJ-45 or 8P8C interface. Since the structures of the transmission sub-circuits 12, 13, 14 and the transmission sub-circuit 11 are substantially the same, those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can The description of the transmission sub-circuit 11 to understand how the transmission sub-circuit 12, the transmission sub-circuit 13, and the transmission sub-circuit 14 handle the Ethernet physical layer device E1 and the Ethernet connection through the same operation as the transmission sub-circuit 11 For the other three sets of Ethernet network signals between the devices E2, the same details will not be repeated here.

The transmission sub-circuit 11 may include a coil CL1, a coil CL2, a magnetic core M1, and a transformer T1. Both ends of the coil CL1 may include a connection point P1 and a connection point P2, respectively, and both ends of the coil CL2 may include a connection point P3 and a connection point P4, respectively. The connection point P1 and the connection point P3 can be coupled to the Ethernet connection device E2. The connection point P2 and the connection point P4 can be coupled to a ground terminal G1. Since the connection point P2 and connection point P4 in the transmission sub-circuit 11 and the corresponding contacts in the transmission sub-circuit 12, the transmission sub-circuit 13, and the transmission sub-circuit 14 are all low-frequency short circuits to ground, if a surge current flows from the Ethernet When the network connection device E2 is input, its energy can be discharged to the ground, thereby achieving the effect of surge current protection. In some embodiments, the connection point P1 , the connection point P2 , the connection point P3 , and the connection point P4 may each be implemented as a single pin.

2A and 2B are schematic diagrams of one embodiment of the coil winding method in the transmission circuit of the present invention. First, reference is made to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2A simultaneously. As shown in FIG. 2A , the coil CL1 and the coil CL2 are wound together on the magnetic core M1 in opposite directions (that is, the winding direction of one is clockwise with respect to an axial direction of the magnetic core M1, and the winding direction of the other is clockwise. The winding direction is counterclockwise). Since each of the connection point P1, the connection point P2, the connection point P3, and the connection point P4 can be implemented as one pin, the structure formed by the coil CL1, the coil CL2, and the magnetic core M1 shown in FIG. 2A may have four pins. A special inductor for the pin. Compared with the traditional method, the winding method of this special inductor is characterized in that the head and tail ends of the wires of the coil CL1 are located at the diagonal positions of each other, and the head and tail ends of the wires of the coil CL2 are also in the same pair with each other. corner position.

Further, both ends of the coil CL1 and the coil CL2 (ie, the connection point P1, the connection point P2, the connection point P3, the connection point P4) can be projected on a plane (for example: a cross section of the magnetic core M1), The wire of the coil CL1 can start from the connection point P1 located at the upper left position of the plane, and be wound along the long side of the magnetic core M1 in a first direction (eg clockwise) to the opposite side of the plane. The connection point P2 at the lower right position, and the wire of the coil CL2 may start from the connection point P3 at the relatively lower left position of the plane, in a second direction opposite to the first direction (eg, counterclockwise) The wire is wound along the long side of the magnetic core M1 to the connection point P4 located at the opposite upper right position of the cross section, so that the pins connected to both ends of the wires of the coil CL1 and the coil CL2 are located at the diagonal position.

Next, refer to FIG. 1 , FIG. 2A , and FIG. 2B at the same time. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2B, the connection point P2 and the connection point P4 may be integrated into the same connection point PC1. More specifically, the connection point PC1 integrated by the connection point P2 and the connection point P4 can be a single pin, that is, the two wires of the special inductor as shown in FIG. 2A can be integrated in the the same pin. Therefore, the structure formed by the coil CL1 , the coil CL2 , and the magnetic core M1 shown in FIG. 2B can be an inductor with three leads.

Referring back to FIG. 1 , the transformer T1 may include a coil CL3 and a coil CL4 wound around the same magnetic core, and it may be a center-tapped design. Both ends of the coil CL3 may include a connection point P5 and a connection point P6, respectively, and the connection point P5 and the connection point P6 may be coupled to the connection point P1 and the connection point P3, respectively. Both ends of the coil CL4 can be coupled to the Ethernet physical layer device E1.

Since the input end and the output end of the transformer T1 are not directly connected, it can provide the transmission circuit 1 with better DC isolation capability than capacitive components, and enable the transmission circuit 1 to meet the requirements of IEEE for network transformers. with a withstand voltage specification of 1500 volts alternating current (Vac). In addition, since the transformer T1 may not have a center tap, it can have the same automated production process as the inductor. In some embodiments, the inductance value of the transformer in each transmission sub-circuit (eg, the transformer T1 in the transmission sub-circuit 11 ) may be between 60 microhenry (uH) and 1 millihenry (mH).

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the transmission circuit of the present invention, which is derived from the transmission circuit 1 shown in FIG. 1 . Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 simultaneously, a transmission circuit 2 for an Ethernet network may also include transmission sub-circuits 11, 12, 13, and 14, and the components of the transmission sub-circuits and the communication between the transmission sub-circuits and the Ethernet The connection relationship between the physical layer device E1 and the Ethernet connection device E2 can be the same as that of the transmission circuit 1. The difference between the two is that the transmission circuit 2 may further include a capacitor C1. The connection point P2, the connection point P4 in the transmission sub-circuit 11 and the connection points corresponding to the connection point P2 and the connection point P4 in the transmission sub-circuits 12, 13, 14 can all be coupled to the capacitor C1, and the capacitor C1 can be coupled to the Ground terminal G1. In other words, the connection point P2, the connection point P4 and the connection points corresponding to the connection point P2 and the connection point P4 in the transmission sub-circuits 12, 13 and 14 are coupled to the ground terminal G1 through the capacitor C1.

The capacitor C1 can provide the effect of isolating the transmission circuit 2 to the ground, so as to prevent the noise from the ground terminal from being transmitted back to the signal line. In some embodiments, the ground terminal G1 may be in the form of chassis ground. In certain embodiments, the capacitance values of capacitors C1 may each be between 1 picofarad (pF) and 100 nanofarads (nF). In some embodiments, the withstand voltage of the capacitor C1 can be designed to be no less than 500 direct current volts (Vdc) to maintain the differential mode impedance and reduce signal crosstalk between channels.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the transmission circuit of the present invention, which is derived from the transmission circuit 1 shown in FIG. 1 . 1 and 4 simultaneously, a transmission circuit 3 for Ethernet may include four transmission sub-circuits 21, 22, 23, 24 and a capacitor C1, and similar to the case in the transmission circuit 1, the transmission sub-circuit The structures of 21, 22, 23, and 24 are substantially the same, and their respective input and output types are also similar, so this article only describes the structure of the transmission sub-circuit 21 in detail. The corresponding structures and connection configurations of the transmission sub-circuits 22, 23, 24 are clearly known from the description of the sub-circuit 21.

Like the transmission sub-circuit 11, the transmission sub-circuit 21 may also include a coil CL1, a coil CL2, a magnetic core M1, and a transformer T1. The difference between the transmission sub-circuit 21 and the transmission sub-circuit 11 is that it may further include a coil CL5, a coil CL6, and a magnetic core M2. The coil CL5 may be coupled between the connection point P1 of the coil CL1 and the connection point P5 of the coil CL3, and the coil CL6 may be coupled between the connection point P3 of the coil CL2 and the connection point P6 of the coil CL3. In other words, in the coil CL3 of the transmission sub-circuit 21, the connection terminal P5 may be coupled to the connection point P1 via the coil CL5, and the connection point P6 may be coupled to the connection point P2 via the coil CL6.

5A, 5B, and 5C are schematic diagrams of one embodiment of the coil winding method in the transmission circuit of the present invention. First, refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5A simultaneously. In some embodiments, coil CL5 and coil CL6 are co-wound on core M2 in the same direction. Specifically, the coil CL5 may include a connection point P7, the coil CL6 may include a connection point P8, and the direction of the magnetic core M2 wound by the coil CL5 from the connection point P7 to the connection point P5 may be the same as that of the coil CL6 from the connection point P8 to the connection point P8. The direction in which the magnetic core M2 is wound at the point P6 is the same (for example, the same is clockwise with respect to the axial direction of the magnetic core M2).

Next, refer to FIGS. 2A , 4 , 5A, and 5B at the same time. In some embodiments, although the coil CL1 and the coil CL2 are wound in opposite directions on the magnetic core M1, while the coil CL5 and the coil CL6 are wound in the same direction on the magnetic core M2, the coil CL1 and the coil CL2 are respectively coupled to the coil CL5 Coil CL6 and coil CL6, so in practice, coil CL1 and coil CL5 can be made from the same wire, and coil CL2 and coil CL6 can also be made from the same wire, and the two wires are wound together on the same magnetic core. For example, the structure shown in FIG. 2A and the structure shown in FIG. 5A can be integrated into the structure shown in FIG. 5B according to the connection relationship shown in FIG. A front section of the magnetic core is wound in a first direction, and a second wire (represented by a dashed line in the figure) is wound around the front section in a second direction opposite to the first direction. Coil CL1 and coil CL2 are made. Similarly, the first wire can continue to be connected to the first Winding a rear section of the magnetic core in the same direction, or winding the rear section in the second direction, and winding the second wire in the same direction as the first wire to wind the rear section of the magnetic core, and then implementing coils CL5 and CL5 Coil CL6. By implementing the coil CL1, coil CL2, coil CL5, coil CL6, and the corresponding structures in the transmission sub-circuit 22, the transmission sub-circuit 23, and the transmission sub-circuit 24 by using the same magnetic core and the same set of wires, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing of each transmission sub-circuit. time complexity. Referring next to FIG. 5C . In some embodiments, as previously described with respect to FIG. 2B, connection point P2 and connection point P4 may be integrated into the same connection point PC1, and connection point PC1 may be implemented as a corresponding connection point P2 and connection point P4. a common pin.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the transmission circuit of the present invention, which is jointly derived from the transmission circuit 2 and the transmission circuit 3 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 . Referring to FIGS. 3 , 4 and 6 simultaneously, a transmission circuit 4 for the Ethernet network may include, in addition to the capacitor C1 in the transmission circuit 2 , the transmission sub-circuits 21 , 22 , and 23 in the transmission circuit 3 . ,twenty four. In other words, the transmission circuit 4 combines the characteristics of the transmission circuit 2 and the transmission circuit 3 . With this design, compared with the transmission circuit 2 and the transmission circuit 3, the transmission circuit 4 has both advantages to provide further common-mode filtering protection and impedance matching functions. Since those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can understand the specific structures of the transmission sub-circuits 21 , 22 , 23 , and 24 in the transmission circuit 4 according to the description of the transmission circuit 3 , detailed descriptions are omitted.

Similar to the transmission circuit 2, in the transmission circuit 4, the connection point P2, the connection point P4 in the transmission sub-circuit 21, and the connection points corresponding to the connection point P2 and the connection point P4 in the transmission sub-circuits 22, 23, 24 can all be coupled is connected to the capacitor C1, and the capacitor C1 can be coupled to the ground terminal G1. In other words, the connection point P2, the connection point P4 and the connection points corresponding to the connection point P2 and the connection point P4 in the transmission sub-circuits 22, 23 and 24 are coupled to the ground terminal G1 through the capacitor C1.

To sum up, the transmission circuits 1, 2, 3, and 4 for the Ethernet network in this new model do not need to be produced by manual winding, etc., have a structure that can be automated production, and can provide the Ethernet network pass Signal coupling, DC isolation, surge protection and other functions required for transmission. Therefore, the new Ethernet network transmission circuit has the ability to replace the traditional Ethernet network transformer, and provides higher environmental adaptability for the transmission of the Ethernet network.

The above-mentioned examples are only used to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and to illustrate the technical characteristics of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes or equivalent arrangements that can be easily accomplished by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains fall within the claimed scope of the present invention.

1: Transmission circuit

11, 12, 13, 14: Transmission subcircuits

E1: Ethernet physical layer device

E2: Ethernet connection device

CL1, CL2, CL3, CL4: Coil

G1: ground terminal

M1: Magnetic core

P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6: Connection points

T1: Transformer

Claims (6)

A transmission circuit for an Ethernet network, comprising: Four transmission sub-circuits, each of which is coupled between an Ethernet physical layer device and an Ethernet connection device, and each of the transmission sub-circuits is used to transmit a pair of Ethernet differential mode signal, and each of the transmission sub-circuits includes: A first coil and a second coil, the two ends of the first coil respectively include a first connection point and a second connection point, the two ends of the second coil respectively include a third connection point and a fourth connection point, wherein the first connection point and the third connection point are both coupled to the Ethernet connection device, and the second connection point and the fourth connection point are both coupled to a ground; a first magnetic core, wherein the first coil and the second coil are co-wrapped on the first magnetic core in opposite directions; and A transformer includes a third coil and a fourth coil, wherein two ends of the third coil respectively include a fifth connection point and a sixth connection point, and the fifth connection point and the sixth connection point are respectively coupled at the first connection point and a third connection point, and both ends of the fourth coil are coupled to the Ethernet physical layer device. The transmission circuit of claim 1, wherein each of the transmission sub-circuits further comprises a fifth coil, a sixth coil and a second magnetic core, and the fifth connection point is coupled to the fifth coil through the fifth coil The first connection point, the sixth connection point is coupled to the second connection point via the sixth coil, and the fifth coil and the sixth coil are wound together on the second magnetic core in the same direction. The transmission circuit according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a first capacitor, the first capacitor is coupled to the ground terminal and the second connection point and the fourth connection point in each of the transmission sub-circuits, and each The second connection point and the fourth connection point in the transmission sub-circuit are coupled to the ground terminal via the first capacitor. The transmission circuit of claim 3, wherein the withstand voltage of the first capacitor is not lower than 500 DCV. The transmission circuit of claim 3, wherein the capacitance value of the first capacitor is between 1 picofarad and 100 nanofarads. The transmission circuit of claim 1, wherein the inductance value of the transformer in each of the transmission sub-circuits is between 60 microhenry and 1 millihenry.

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