TWM605932U - Universal angle bone screw - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention proposes a novel universal bone screw, comprising: a screw head has an arched-wall on the lateral side, the screw head further comprises the first thread, which extends from top to bottom along the arched-wall of the screw head. A screw rod, which anchored concentrically below the longitudinal axis of the screw head, a second thread is deposited on the screw rod; a threaded hole is provided above the screw head so that the assembly tool could assemble the universal bone screw into the bone plate via the threaded hole, wherein the curvature of the arched-wall is spherical shape or non-spherical shape and depending on the assembly angle δ and assembly intensity with the bone plate.

Description

Universal bone screw

The new model relates to a universal bone screw. More specifically, it is a morphological structure on the screw hole, so that when the screw thread of the bone screw is locked into the bone plate, it can be locked obliquely according to the fractured condition. The required angle of inclination, without changing the angle of the keyhole of the bone plate, the universal bone screw.

The skeletal system of the human body is used to support the body, protect the organs, and cooperate with the muscular system for exercise. According to different functions, the shape of bones can be roughly divided into long bones, short bones, and flat bones. Bone (flat bone) and irregular bone (irregular bone). Long bones are mainly located in the extremities. They refer to long bones that are longer than their width, such as humerus, radius, and tibia. For example, the shape of radius can be divided into diaphysis and epiphyses with enlarged ends. The surface of the epiphysis has articular surfaces and can be adjacent The articular surfaces of bones are combined into movable joints for a wide range of activities. Short bones are mainly distributed in the phalanges, wrists, ankles, etc., and have a short columnar or cuboidal shape. The short bones have multiple articular surfaces and can form micro-movement joints with adjacent bones. The outer shape of flat bone is a thin curved shape, which is mainly used to protect internal organs and the attachment surface of muscles. For example, the skull protects the soft tissues in the brain. Irregular bone is called because of its irregular shape, and does not belong to the above three categories, such as vertebrae.

In view of the above, the bones of various parts of the human body have different shapes and complex structures. If they are subjected to strong violence, whether the cause of the violence is indirect violence (away from the affected area) or direct violence (close to the affected area), or bone disease , It is necessary to remove part of the bone by osteotomy to facilitate the cutting, rearrangement, alignment and fixation of the bones around the joint. In this case, the use of bone plates and bone screws to fix the bones is often used in the treatment process. Tools used. The traditional bone plate system is particularly suitable for promoting fracture healing. The bone screw is locked into the bone by the thread previously set on the bone plate to compress, strengthen and tighten the affected part together so that the bone can be fixed against the bone plate to achieve the purpose of treatment.

However, the types and appearances of the above-mentioned osteotomies and fractures are complicated. In terms of fractures, various types of fractures, such as transverse fractures (Transverse), sphenoid transverse fractures (Transverse with Butterfly), spiral fractures (Spiral), Oblique fractures (Oblique), comminuted fractures (Comminuted), segmental fractures (Segmental), articular fractures (Articular), metaphyseal fractures (Metaphyseal), etc. The fracture section, fracture angle, and even the fracture can withstand The stresses are all different. In the process of treatment, different oblique angles or horizontal keyholes must be set on the bone plate, so that the bone screw can be locked in according to different fracture shapes, and the appropriate locking angle can be selected .

In the prior art, the US patent US 6322562 B1 filed by Stryker Company, which discloses a bone fixation system, please refer to Fig. 2 of the '562 case, which is used to achieve the adaptation of the bone screw The way to fix the bone to a connecting bracket at an arbitrary angle is to include at least one screw hole on the connecting bracket. The screw hole is designed with threads according to the fixed angle. For example, in Fig.2(a), the screw hole The thread design angle in the middle is to the right, the angle of the bone screw when it is locked, which will cause the upper half of the bone screw to shift to the right and the lower half to the left; in addition, the material of the contact surface between the screw hole and the bone screw is relatively high. Soft, so the bone screw can be fine-tuned within an angle range when it is locked. However, this method requires pre-setting screw holes and corresponding threads with a specific angle on the bone plate. The disadvantage is that the specifications of the bone plate are fixed after the production is completed. For the various fracture conditions mentioned above, different angles need to be stocked in advance. In addition to causing difficulties in inventory management, the size of the bone plates may also cause waste of costs due to excessive production of bone plates that are not commonly used.

In addition, in the US patent US 5954722 A applied by Biomet, it proposes a multi-axial locking bone plate device. In Figure 6 of the '722 case, the proposed structure is that the bone screw is driven into the bone. It does not directly touch the thread of the screw hole, but through a bush placed in the screw hole (see Figure 3 for its structure). The outer wall shape of the bushing can be matched with the hole wall of the screw hole according to the needs of the angle, as shown in the right configuration of Figure 6, when the screw bone is locked in, the bushing and the hole wall of the screw hole are supported to adjust the locking angle (Locked from upper right to lower left). At the same time, in Figure 3, the bushing can also be provided with threads according to the angle. Through the angle of the bushing, the bone screw can match the shape of the fracture. However, although this method does improve to a certain extent the shortcomings of the need to stock up a large amount of bone plate inventory, and at the same time retains the advantage of being able to adjust the penetration angle of the bone nail, the following loss is quite obvious: the bush is pressed into the bone The way, the firmness of the fixation may not be as strong as that of the traditional bone plate through the screw-bone screw fixation method. For example, there is a potential risk of loosening in fractures with greater stress such as femurs and lower limb bones.

Therefore, in the current market, there is still a need for a bone screw. In addition to adjusting the locking angle range according to the shape of the affected part of the fracture when locking the bone plate, it must also be ensured that after the locked bone and the bone plate are fixed, Its locking strength meets the needs of the application, and there is no doubt that the patient will have to undergo a second operation or cause injury after the fixation is completed. At the same time, the bone screw must have better versatility, and it can be used with various brands of bone plate devices. It is not necessary to set a specific angle screw hole and corresponding thread on the bone plate in advance to prevent the bone plate from being In mass production, bone plates with fewer screw holes and angle specifications cause excessive hoarding.

Therefore, in view of the above, the present invention proposes a universal bone screw. Its structure includes a screw head, which has a curvature radian on the left and right as viewed from the side view, and is provided with a first thread, which follows The arc of the screw head extends from top to bottom so that it can be inlaid with the third thread on the bone plate and locked into the bone at an oblique or straight angle; the screw is anchored concentrically under the longitudinal axis of the screw head, Long rod-shaped and provided with a second thread; and, the lock head is arranged above the screw head, so that the locking tool can lock the universal bone screw into the bone plate by the lock head, wherein the length of the curvature of the screw head is equal to The ratio can be adjusted arbitrarily according to the inclination δ of the locking bone plate and the strength of the locking.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the curvature of the screw head can be aspherical, such as an ellipse, and the length of its major axis and minor axis can be set to any value according to the contact area between the first thread and the third thread. The natural number to adjust the locking strength of the universal bone screw into the bone plate and bone, and the resistance when locking into the bone plate and bone.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, if the curvature of the screw head is elliptical, the length of the long axis and the short axis can be the same length, so that the configuration of the screw head presents a spherical head. Among them, in one aspect of the present invention, the elliptical screw head can reduce the number of contact between the first thread and the third thread, which is advantageous when the inclination angle δ of the locking bone plate is large; and when the curvature of the screw head is When it is a ball head, the number of contacts between the first thread and the third thread can be increased, which is beneficial to higher locking strength.

According to the content of the present invention, the peripheral edge of the screw head is provided with a plurality of alveoli, which are arranged on the first thread, viewed from the side view from top to bottom, which reduces the gap between the universal bone screw and the third thread when the universal bone screw is locked into the bone plate. The contact area reduces the resistance when locking into the bone plate while maintaining the locking strength of the universal bone screw to the bone. Among them, according to one aspect of the present invention, the groove type of the alveolar can be, but not limited to, circular grooves, flat grooves, spiral grooves, polygonal grooves, parabolic grooves, etc., and can be set arbitrarily according to the needs of the application.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the alveolar can be arranged obliquely upward to obliquely downward on the first thread according to the needs of the application, so as to reduce the contact area with the third thread when the universal bone screw is locked into the bone plate and reduce the lock In addition to the resistance when entering the bone plate, the locking strength of the universal bone screw to the bone is maintained.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the number of alveolar is three, and the distances between them on the screw head are equal to each other, which reduces the contact area of the third thread when the universal bone screw is locked into the bone plate, and reduces At the same time of resistance, it maintains the locking strength of the universal bone screw to the bone.

According to the present invention, the range of the inclination δ between the vertical axis of the bone plate and the longitudinal axis of the universal screw is 0°-30°.

According to the content of the present invention, the groove type of the universal bone screw lock head can be, but not limited to, Phillips, Slotted, Six-Lobe, Pozidriv, and Triangle. (Triangle), Square, Phillips Square, Hexagon, which can be set arbitrarily according to the needs of the application.

The above descriptions are used to illustrate the purpose, technical means, and achievable effects of this new model. Those familiar with this technology in the relevant fields can get a clearer understanding of the present invention through the demonstration of the following examples and accompanying schematic descriptions and the scope of patent applications. New.

100: universal bone screw

110: screw head

111: first thread

113: lock

115: Alveolar

130: screw

131: second thread

200: bone plate

210: screw hole

211: third thread

301: vertical axis

303: vertical axis

δ : Inclination

Figure 1 shows a side view of the gimbal screw with a curvature on the left and right sides of the screw head.

Figure 2 illustrates the application situation where the universal bone screw can be locked into the bone plate obliquely.

Figure 3 illustrates the inclination range of the universal bone screw into the bone plate and the contact situation of the first thread and the third thread.

Fig. 4A illustrates the structure of the universal bone screw in the side view and the top view of the present invention.

Fig. 4B illustrates the structure of the gimbal screw with alveolar in the side view angle and the top view angle in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4C illustrates the structure of the gimbal screw in another embodiment of the present invention with three alveoli in a side view and a top view.

The present invention will be described in detail with preferred embodiments and viewpoints. The following description provides specific implementation details of the present invention so that the reader can thoroughly understand the implementation of these embodiments. However, those skilled in the field must understand that this new model can also be implemented without these details. In addition, the present invention can also be applied and implemented by other specific embodiments. The details described in this specification can also be applied based on different needs, and various modifications or changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. . The present model will be described with preferred embodiments and viewpoints. Such descriptions are to explain the structure of the present model, and are only used for illustration and not to limit the scope of the patent application of the present model. The terms used in the following description will be interpreted in the broadest reasonable way, even if they are used in conjunction with the detailed description of a particular embodiment of the present invention.

The purpose of this new model is to solve the problem that although the bone screw in the prior art can meet the needs of bone indications, it can be driven obliquely into the bone plate and bone for fixation within a certain angle range, but one of the means to achieve the goal is to By pre-setting screw holes with specific angles and corresponding threads on the bone plate, it is necessary to stock bone plates with different angle specifications in advance for various fracture conditions, which may cause difficulties in inventory management; a bone screw is pressed into the bone through a bushing , The strength of its fixation is insufficient, which may lead to a potential risk of loosening in fractures with greater stress such as femurs and lower limb bones. Through the structural improvement of the screw head in the bone screw, the new model not only retains the characteristics of adjusting the angle range of the locking in the locking bone plate, but also guarantees the completion After the fixation, the locking strength is sufficient, and there is no doubt that the patient will have to undergo a second operation after the fixation is loosened. At the same time, the bone screw must have better versatility, and it can be used with various brands of bone plate devices to avoid excessive use of the position and angle specifications of the bone plate when the bone plate is mass produced. The problem of hoarding in order to increase the economic efficiency of the cost, and the specific technical means used to solve the problem will be detailed as follows.

Based on the above purpose, please refer to Figure 1-2. The present invention proposes a universal bone screw (100). Its structure includes a screw head (110), which has a curvature radian on the left and right from the side view, and is provided with The first thread (111) extends from top to bottom along the arc of the screw head (110) so that it can be inlaid with the third thread (211) on the bone plate (200) in an oblique or straight direction The inclination angle δ is locked into the bone, wherein, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the curvature of the side of the screw head (110) can be spherical or aspherical; the screw (130) is concentrically anchored to the longitudinal direction of the screw head (110). Below the shaft (303), it is in the shape of a long rod and is provided with a second thread (131); and, the lock head (113) is arranged above the screw head (110), so that the locking tool can be moved by the lock head (113) The universal bone screw (100) is locked into the bone plate (200), wherein the length and ratio of the curvature of the screw head (110) can be adjusted arbitrarily according to the inclination δ of the locking screw hole (210) and the strength of the locking . It is worth noting that, in an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 3, because the screw head (110) has a curved arc shape, the first thread (111) is locked into the bone plate (200) obliquely. Not every thread on the) is inlaid with the third thread (211). Take the diagram in Figure 3 of the present invention as an example. In the left side of the universal bone screw (100), the first thread (111) Only the three threads in the middle will be inlaid with the threads of the third thread (211), and on the right, only three threads will be inlaid with the third thread (211), and the threads will be inlaid The number can be changed according to the inclination δ of its locking. Wherein, the inclination angle δ mentioned in the present invention is the angle between the vertical axis (301) of the universal bone screw (100) and the longitudinal axis (303) of the bone plate (200).

In view of the above, according to one of the viewpoints of the present invention, the reason why the number of screw inlays can be changed is that the contact area between the screws can be used in the universal bone screw (100) according to the affected area to be treated. The resistance when locking into the bone should be balanced with the fixing strength between the bone and the bone plate (200). At the same time, because the threads of the first thread (111) and the third thread (211) will not all fit together, it is also It can avoid the occurrence of slipping teeth due to excessive resistance when the universal bone screw (100) is locked in, so that patients who have fractured or undergoing osteotomy surgery need to remove the bone plate (200) due to the universal bone screw (100). It is difficult to take out the bone plate and the screw head (110) has a curved structure, which is also conducive to adjusting the inclination of the universal bone screw (100) in the screw hole (210) when it is placed in the bone plate (200) δ , wherein, in an embodiment of the present invention, the universal bone screw (100) can be used to treat the bone plate (200) of the tibia, femur, fibula, humerus, ulna, radius, clavicle, and scapula, and is not limited to it on.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the curvature of the screw head (110) can be elliptical, and the length and ratio of the long axis and the short axis can be based on the ratio of the first thread (111) and the third thread (211) The contact area is set to an arbitrary natural number. By adjusting the number of threads in contact between the first thread (111) and the third thread (211), the universal bone screw (100) can be locked into the bone plate (200) and the bone lock Solid strength, and the resistance when locking into the bone plate (200) and bone. Among them, in one aspect of the present invention, the elliptical screw head (110) has a larger curvature than a general arc or circle, so the contact between the first thread (111) and the third thread (211) can be reduced. The number is advantageous when the inclination δ of the bone plate (200) is required to be large; and in another embodiment of the present invention, when the length of the major axis and the minor axis are the same, the elliptical screw head (110) will converge The ball head can increase the number of threads contacting the first thread (111) and the third thread (211), which is conducive to higher locking strength. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inclination angle δ of the universal bone screw (100) ranges from 0°-30°.

Please refer to FIG. 4A, which shows the structure of the universal bone screw in the side view and the top view. Among them, in an embodiment of the present invention, the groove type of the lock (113) can be, but is not limited to, a cross type (Phillips), a straight type (Slotted), a plum blossom type (Six-Lobe), and a pozidriv type. ), Triangle, Square, Phillips Square, Hexagon, etc., which can be set arbitrarily according to the needs of the application.

Please refer to Figure 4B and Figure 4C. In order to further adjust the resistance and locking strength of the universal bone screw (100) into the bone plate (200) and the bone, n alveoli (115) are provided on the periphery of the screw head (110). The alveolar (115) is located on the first thread (111), which can be viewed from the side view from top to bottom, or oblique, to reduce the time when the universal bone screw (100) is locked into the bone plate (200) The contact area of the third thread (211) reduces the resistance when locking into the bone plate (200), and can also prevent the first thread (111) and the third thread (211) from slipping when they contact at an inclination angle δ , causing fractures or fractures. When a patient undergoing an osteotomy operation needs to remove the bone plate (200) when healed, the universal bone screw (100) is broken in the bone plate and is difficult to remove. Wherein, n is any natural number, and in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, n is 3 or 6, to better balance the strength of locking and the resistance during locking. In addition, in one aspect of the present invention, in order to better fine-tune the balance between the strength of locking and the resistance during locking, the groove type of the alveolar can be, but not limited to, circular grooves, flat grooves, and spiral grooves. , Polygonal groove, parabolic groove, etc., and can be set arbitrarily according to the needs of the application.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the first thread (111), the second thread (131), and the third thread (211) may be multi-threaded or single-threaded. The characteristic of the multi-thread thread is that the universal bone screw (100) can have a larger lead and a faster tightening speed, and at the same time, it can increase the torque transmission when locking into the patient's bone, which is more for the surgeon. It is easy to overcome the resistance when locking into the bone; the single thread thread is used because the friction formed by the single thread thread is larger, which is more advantageous for the universal bone screw (100) to be applied to the affected part of the femur or lower limb bone with greater stress.

In an application scenario of the present invention, an oblique fracture (Oblique) is taken as an example. Since the cross-section of the bone (ie, the fracture line) is at an oblique angle to the bone, when the bone screw of the prior art is driven into the screw hole (210), the size of the bone plate (200) must match the bone section of the oblique fracture. However, in the present invention, when the bone plate (200) is attached to the bone, please refer to Figure 2-3. Due to the curvature of the side of the universal bone screw (100), the first thread (111) and the second The threads of the three-thread (211) will not be fully inserted during the locking process, so when locking, the universal bone screw (100) can adjust the locking in the range of an inclination angle δ Angle to fix both ends of the broken bone. In addition, in the present invention, the fracture modes that can be applied can be, but are not limited to, transverse fractures (Transverse), sphenoid transverse fractures (Transverse with Butterfly), spiral fractures (Spiral), comminuted fractures (Comminuted), Segmental fracture (Segmental), articular fracture (Articular), epiphyseal fracture (Metaphyseal) and so on.

The above description is the preferred embodiment of the new model. Those skilled in this field should be able to understand that it is used to explain the present model rather than to limit the scope of the patent rights claimed by the present model. The scope of its patent protection shall be determined by the attached scope of patent application and its equivalent fields. Anyone who is familiar with the art in this field, without departing from the spirit or scope of this patent, makes changes or modifications that are equivalent changes or designs completed under the spirit of the disclosure of this new model, and should be included in the following patent scope Inside.

100: universal bone screw

111: first thread

113: lock

131: second thread

200: bone plate

211: third thread

301: vertical axis

303: vertical axis

δ : Inclination

Claims (10)

A universal bone screw, comprising: a screw head with a curvature radian on the left and right sides, and a first thread, so that it can be locked into the bone and the bone plate by an inclination δ, where the inclination δ has a range of 0°-30°; a screw rod, anchored concentrically below the longitudinal axis of the screw head, in the shape of a long rod, including a second thread; and, a lock head is arranged above the screw head. The universal bone screw according to claim 1, wherein the curvature of the side of the screw head can be an ellipse having a major axis and a minor axis, wherein the length of the major axis and the minor axis can be Is any natural number. The universal bone screw according to claim 2, wherein the lengths of the long axis and the short axis are equal, so that the screw head is a spherical head. The universal bone screw according to claim 1, wherein the peripheral edge of the screw head is provided with n alveoli, and the n alveoli are located on the first thread, thereby reducing the locking of the universal bone screw into the bone plate and the bone The resistance at time, where n is any natural number. The universal bone screw according to claim 4, wherein n is 3 or 6, so that the universal bone screw can balance the strength of locking and the resistance when locking into the bone plate and bone. The universal bone screw according to claim 4, wherein the setting direction of the n alveoli extends from top to bottom when viewed from the side of the universal bone screw. The universal bone screw according to claim 4, wherein the setting direction of the n alveoli is determined by the universal bone screw The side view of the nails extends from diagonally upward to diagonally downward. The universal bone screw according to claim 1, wherein the first thread or the second thread is a single thread, which provides the universal bone screw with greater locking strength. The universal bone screw according to claim 1, wherein the first thread or the second thread is a multi-thread thread, so that the resistance when the universal bone screw is locked into the bone and the bone plate is reduced. The universal bone screw according to claim 1, wherein the groove type of the lock head can be a cross type, a straight type, a plum blossom type, a podium type, a triangle type, a square hole type, a cross square hole type, or a hexagonal type .

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