TWM591809U - Blanket with an over heat protected device - Google Patents

Blanket with an over heat protected device Download PDF

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TWM591809U
TWM591809U TW108215655U TW108215655U TWM591809U TW M591809 U TWM591809 U TW M591809U TW 108215655 U TW108215655 U TW 108215655U TW 108215655 U TW108215655 U TW 108215655U TW M591809 U TWM591809 U TW M591809U
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temperature
heating wire
over
insulating layer
protection device
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TW108215655U
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Chinese (zh)
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吳采瑩
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吳采瑩
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Abstract

電熱毯若折疊使用,會出現局部高溫,局部高溫會讓人體受傷。本創作提供一種具有過溫保護的電熱毯,是利用具有負溫度係數的特性(NTC)或是正溫度係數的特性(PTC)的電熱線來偵測局部過溫。若發現局部過溫,則將設定溫度降低,局部過溫的溫度也一併降低,並且發出警示Beep聲和顯示保護LED燈號。If the electric blanket is folded and used, there will be local high temperature, which will cause injury to the human body. This creation provides an electric blanket with over-temperature protection, which uses a heating wire with a negative temperature coefficient characteristic (NTC) or a positive temperature coefficient characteristic (PTC) to detect local over-temperature. If a local over-temperature is found, the set temperature will be lowered, and the local over-temperature will also be lowered together, and a beep will sound and a protection LED will be displayed.

Description

具過溫保護裝置的電熱毯Electric blanket with over-temperature protection device

本創作關於一種電熱毯技術,特別是關於一種具過溫保護的電熱毯,消費者在使用電熱毯時,常常會折疊或誤放上重物,不正常的使用方式會造成局部過溫。能偵測局部過溫的電熱毯,可以避免人體受到燙傷。This book is about an electric blanket technology, especially an electric blanket with over-temperature protection. When consumers use electric blankets, they often fold or place heavy objects by mistake, and abnormal use will cause local over-temperature. An electric blanket that can detect local overheating can prevent human body from being burned.

當電熱毯在平鋪的狀態下時,電熱毯基本上可以均勻受熱。但是電熱毯在折疊或是重物壓住的狀態下,由於控制方式的限制,會使得局部過熱,其餘的部分則會較冷。這是由於電熱毯中的電熱線是使用串連偵測方式進行,只能知道電熱線總體的串聯值。此外,局部過熱一般電熱線會超過120℃,甚至有些電熱毯電熱線會超過150℃,電熱線絕緣層耐不住高溫時,可能會內外芯短路,甚至外皮燒到破裂。此時,若是人體觸碰到外皮破裂的地方,就會有觸電危險。即使局部溫度還沒有很高,仍然會造成人體接觸皮膚燙傷,若使用者在睡眠狀態不自知,可能睡醒後,皮膚已經被高溫燙傷,對使用者造成危險及傷害。When the electric blanket is in a flat state, the electric blanket can be basically heated uniformly. However, when the electric blanket is folded or pressed by heavy objects, due to the limitation of the control method, it will cause local overheating, and the rest will be colder. This is because the electric heating wire in the electric blanket is carried out in series detection mode, and only the overall serial value of the electric heating wire can be known. In addition, partial overheating generally the electric heating wire will exceed 120 ℃, and even some electric blanket electric heating wire will exceed 150 ℃, when the insulating layer of the electric heating wire can not withstand high temperature, the inner and outer cores may be short-circuited, or the outer skin may burn to crack. At this time, if the human body touches the place where the outer skin is broken, there is a danger of electric shock. Even if the local temperature is not very high, it will still cause human body contact with skin burns. If the user does not know the state of sleep, the skin may have been burned by high temperature after waking up, causing danger and injury to the user.

儘管在電熱線短路失效,先前技術利用電阻保險絲和電阻夾溫度保險絲,已經可以很有效防範,立刻斷開電路,但是局部過溫仍無法有效偵測。局部過溫造成的燙傷,依然是無法解決的問題。有些專利嘗試在毯子各處布上溫度感測器,不但影響電熱毯舒適度,設計複雜度和成本仍是無法克服和量產的重要問題。Despite the short circuit failure of the electric heating wire, the previous technology used the resistance fuse and the resistance clip temperature fuse, which has been very effective in preventing and immediately disconnecting the circuit, but local overtemperature still cannot be effectively detected. Burns caused by local overheating are still unsolvable problems. Some patents try to distribute temperature sensors throughout the blanket, which not only affects the comfort of the electric blanket, but also the design complexity and cost are still important issues that cannot be overcome and mass-produced.

此外,在近期的專利技術中,進一步考慮電熱線材質造成溫度變化的影響,通過對電熱線材質進行電阻因素的考慮,希望能夠精準的量測到過溫的現象。很明顯的,只考慮電熱線的電阻因素,仍無法有效地解決量測不準而造成局部過溫誤判的情形。In addition, in the recent patented technology, the effect of temperature changes caused by the material of the heating wire is further considered. By considering the resistance factor of the material of the heating wire, it is hoped that the phenomenon of overtemperature can be accurately measured. Obviously, only considering the resistance factor of the electric heating wire, still can not effectively solve the situation of inaccurate measurement caused by local over-temperature misjudgment.

為解決上述的技術問題,本創作在電熱毯的電熱線材料中,建構出中間絕緣層具有等效阻抗(即中間絕緣層等效電阻並聯中間絕緣層等效電容)效應,因此,必須將此一中間絕緣層具有等效阻抗因素列入考量,用以檢測到正確的溫度變化。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the author has constructed in the electric heating wire material of the electric blanket that the intermediate insulation layer has the effect of equivalent impedance (that is, the equivalent resistance of the middle insulation layer in parallel with the equivalent capacitance of the middle insulation layer). An intermediate insulating layer with equivalent impedance factors is taken into consideration to detect the correct temperature change.

為解決上述的技術問題所建構的等效阻抗效應,本創作的主要目的是提供一種利用電熱線內外芯中間具有負溫度係數特性(NTC)的絕緣層,來偵測電熱毯局部過溫。其中,電熱線,是包含核心層,具有負溫度係數特性(NTC)或是正溫度係數特性(PTC)的內外芯發熱絲,夾在內外芯中間的負溫度係數特性(NTC)絕緣層,和絕緣外層。In order to solve the equivalent impedance effect constructed by the above technical problems, the main purpose of this creation is to provide an insulating layer with a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) characteristic between the inner and outer cores of the heating wire to detect the local overheating of the electric blanket. Among them, the electric heating wire is a core layer, an inner and outer core heating wire with a negative temperature coefficient characteristic (NTC) or a positive temperature coefficient characteristic (PTC), a negative temperature coefficient characteristic (NTC) insulation layer sandwiched between the inner and outer cores, and the insulation Outer layer.

根據上述目的,本創作揭露一種具過溫保護裝置的電熱毯,其包括有一毯體、一電熱線及一過溫保護裝置,該毯體包括有一上片體及一下片體,電熱線設置在上片體及下片體之間並與該過溫保護裝置連接,其特徵在於: 過溫保護裝置包括一溫度輸出控制單元,一溫度輸出檢測單元,一輸入電源及一數位邏輯控制單元,其中,輸入電源與電熱線連接,而電熱線包括: 一核心,一電熱線內芯,一電熱線外芯及配置在電熱線內芯及電熱線外芯之間的中間絕緣層,中間絕緣層具有一等效阻抗特性。According to the above purpose, the present invention discloses an electric blanket with an over-temperature protection device, which includes a blanket body, an electric heating wire, and an over-temperature protection device. The blanket body includes an upper sheet body and a lower sheet body. The upper piece and the lower piece are connected with the over-temperature protection device, and are characterized in that the over-temperature protection device includes a temperature output control unit, a temperature output detection unit, an input power supply and a digital logic control unit, wherein , The input power supply is connected to the heating wire, and the heating wire includes: a core, an inner heating wire core, an outer heating wire core and an intermediate insulating layer disposed between the inner heating wire core and the outer heating wire core, the middle insulating layer has An equivalent impedance characteristic.

在一個較佳實施例中,中間絕緣層所具有的等效阻抗特性是由中間絕緣層等效電阻以及並聯的中間絕緣層等效電容所形成。In a preferred embodiment, the equivalent impedance characteristic of the intermediate insulating layer is formed by the equivalent resistance of the intermediate insulating layer and the equivalent capacitance of the parallel intermediate insulating layer.

在一個較佳實施例中,中間絕緣層檢點的電壓 =

Figure 02_image001
。 In a preferred embodiment, the voltage at the inspection point of the intermediate insulating layer =
Figure 02_image001
.

在另一個較佳實施例中,中間絕緣層具有負溫度係數的特性(NTC)。In another preferred embodiment, the intermediate insulating layer has a negative temperature coefficient characteristic (NTC).

在另一個較佳實施例中,電熱線內芯及電熱線外芯為具有負溫度係數的特性(NTC)或是正溫度係數的特性(PTC)。In another preferred embodiment, the inner core of the heating wire and the outer core of the heating wire are characterized by a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) or a positive temperature coefficient (PTC).

此外,在一個較佳實施例中,由中間絕緣層等效電阻的等效方程式和模擬波形可以看到,當開關在導通時,中間絕緣層檢測點上的負電壓峰值絕對值定義為α;並在溫度輸出控制單元上的開關關閉時,中間絕緣層檢測點上的負電壓峰值絕對值定義為β;因此,可以得到一個差值γ = α – β。當發生局部過溫的溫度越高,中間絕緣層等效電阻值會變低,則α保持不動,β變高,是得差值γ變低。當中間絕緣層檢測單元偵測到差值γ低於過溫值時,表示毯面發生局部過溫,此時數位邏輯控制單元106會讓蜂鳴器發出警示聲,並保持LED燈號綠色,同時降低毯面設定溫度。In addition, in a preferred embodiment, from the equivalent equation of the equivalent resistance of the intermediate insulating layer and the simulated waveform, it can be seen that when the switch is turned on, the absolute value of the negative peak voltage value at the detection point of the intermediate insulating layer is defined as α; And when the switch on the temperature output control unit is closed, the absolute value of the peak value of the negative voltage at the detection point of the intermediate insulating layer is defined as β; therefore, a difference γ = α – β can be obtained. When the temperature at which local overtemperature occurs is higher, the equivalent resistance value of the intermediate insulating layer will become lower, then α will remain immobile, β will become higher, and the difference γ will become lower. When the middle insulation layer detection unit detects that the difference γ is lower than the over-temperature value, it indicates that the blanket surface is over-temperature. At this time, the digital logic control unit 106 will cause the buzzer to sound an alarm and keep the LED light green. At the same time reduce the set temperature of the blanket surface.

在一較佳實施例中,前述在電熱毯初始加熱階段,本創作可以選擇將讀取到的差值γ作為標準值Ω1,接著,由於電熱毯中所使用的電熱線材質可能不相同,因此,會造成等效阻抗也不相同,故本創作為了能得到更精准的過溫量測,將電熱線材質不同所造成等效阻抗因素列入考慮以取得一個經驗函數後,在本創作將讀取到的差值γ作為標準值Ω1後,進一步將標準值Ω1代入經驗函數得到過溫經驗值Ω2,此時,當中間絕緣層檢測單元偵測到差值γ低於過溫值Ω2時,表示毯面發生局部過溫,此時數位邏輯控制單元會讓蜂鳴器發出警示聲,並保持LED燈號綠色,同時降低毯面設定溫度。In a preferred embodiment, during the initial heating stage of the electric blanket described above, the author can choose to use the difference γ read as the standard value Ω1. Then, the material of the electric heating wire used in the electric blanket may be different, so , The equivalent impedance will also be different, so in order to obtain more accurate overtemperature measurement, the equivalent impedance factor caused by different heating wire materials is taken into consideration to obtain an empirical function. After taking the difference γ as the standard value Ω1, the standard value Ω1 is further substituted into the empirical function to obtain the overtemperature empirical value Ω2. At this time, when the intermediate insulation layer detection unit detects that the difference γ is lower than the overtemperature value Ω2, It means local over-temperature of the blanket surface. At this time, the digital logic control unit will make the buzzer sound and keep the LED light green, and at the same time reduce the set temperature of the blanket surface.

以下提供本創作具體實施例的詳細內容說明,然而本創作並不受限於下述實施例,且本創作中的圖式均屬於示意圖式,主要意在表示各模組之間的連接關係,於此實施方式搭配各圖式作詳細說明如下。The following provides detailed descriptions of specific embodiments of the creation, however, the creation is not limited to the following embodiments, and the drawings in the creation are schematic diagrams, mainly intended to represent the connection relationship between the modules, In this embodiment, the detailed description with the drawings is as follows.

請參閱圖1,是本創作的一種具過溫保護裝置的熱電熱毯上視示意圖。如圖1所示,其包含有一毯體10、一電熱線22、一電源座30及複數連接部40。毯體10包括有一上片體110及一下片體120,上片體110及下片體120係聚酯纖維製成之片體,上片體110及下片體120間隔並列設置,上片體110及下片體120之外周緣處相互連接,於上片體110及下片體120之間形成有一容置空間。電熱線22為長線體,是埋設在上片體110及下片體120之間的容置空間中,電熱線22呈多段彎折狀以形成有複數呈間隔設置之加熱段21,各加熱段21平均散布在毯體10上,電源座30設置於毯體10上,電源座30延伸設有一電源線33,電源線33可用於連接交流市電電源,電源座30與溫保護裝置20連接,電源座30可供給電源予電熱線22。各連接部40及其周圍區域形成一連接區,於各連接區上設置有至少一透氣孔41。Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a schematic top view of a thermoelectric blanket with an over-temperature protection device of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, it includes a blanket body 10, an electric heating wire 22, a power base 30 and a plurality of connecting parts 40. The blanket body 10 includes an upper sheet body 110 and a lower sheet body 120. The upper sheet body 110 and the lower sheet body 120 are sheets made of polyester fiber. The upper sheet body 110 and the lower sheet body 120 are arranged side by side at intervals, and the upper sheet body The outer periphery of 110 and the lower sheet body 120 are connected to each other, and a receiving space is formed between the upper sheet body 110 and the lower sheet body 120. The electric heating wire 22 is a long wire body, which is buried in the accommodating space between the upper sheet body 110 and the lower sheet body 120. The electric heating wire 22 is bent in multiple sections to form a plurality of heating sections 21 arranged at intervals, each heating section 21 is evenly distributed on the blanket body 10, the power supply base 30 is disposed on the blanket body 10, the power supply base 30 is extended with a power cord 33, the power cord 33 can be used to connect AC mains power, the power base 30 is connected to the temperature protection device 20, the power supply The seat 30 can supply power to the electric heating wire 22. Each connecting portion 40 and its surrounding area form a connecting area, and at least one vent hole 41 is provided on each connecting area.

接著,請參閱圖2,是本創作具過溫保護裝置的電熱毯的一種實施方式的結構示意圖。如圖2所示,本創作的具過溫保護的電熱毯的構件及組成包括: 溫度輸出控制單元25,溫度輸出檢測單元102,輸入電源103,低壓直流電源104,中間絕緣層檢測單元105,數位邏輯控制單元106,電熱線內芯222,電熱線外芯223,二極體24,逆向二極體26,分壓電阻21,分壓電阻27及逆向電阻28。其中,數位邏輯控制單元106蜂鳴器107與LED燈號108連接,溫度輸出控制單元25可以是一種開關,可以通過開關101與數位邏輯控制單元106連接(未顯示於圖中),以開關101來接受數位邏輯控制單元106的控制來執行溫度輸出,而溫度輸出檢測單元102與開關101的一端連接,是以第一分壓電阻21來作為溫度偵測。再者,分壓電阻27是配置於低壓直流電源104與中間絕緣層檢測單元105之間,故中間絕緣層檢測單元105是以第二分壓電阻27來做為偏壓電阻,以使檢測溫度電壓為正值。Next, please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an electric blanket with an over-temperature protection device. As shown in FIG. 2, the components and compositions of the electric blanket with over-temperature protection include: a temperature output control unit 25, a temperature output detection unit 102, an input power supply 103, a low-voltage DC power supply 104, and an intermediate insulation layer detection unit 105, The digital logic control unit 106, the inner core 222 of the heating wire, the outer core 223 of the heating wire, the diode 24, the reverse diode 26, the voltage dividing resistor 21, the voltage dividing resistor 27 and the reverse resistor 28. Among them, the digital logic control unit 106 buzzer 107 is connected to the LED light 108, and the temperature output control unit 25 can be a switch, which can be connected to the digital logic control unit 106 (not shown in the figure) through the switch 101 to switch 101 It is controlled by the digital logic control unit 106 to perform temperature output, and the temperature output detection unit 102 is connected to one end of the switch 101, and uses the first voltage dividing resistor 21 as the temperature detection. Furthermore, the voltage dividing resistor 27 is disposed between the low-voltage DC power supply 104 and the intermediate insulating layer detecting unit 105, so the intermediate insulating layer detecting unit 105 uses the second voltage dividing resistor 27 as a bias resistor to detect the temperature The voltage is positive.

在本實施例的具過溫保護電熱毯運作時,輸入電源103為單向電源(例如:交流電源),可以讓電流流經電熱線內芯222,接著流過二極體24。二極體24在電路配置上,是配置在電熱線內芯222和電熱線外芯223中間。當電流流過電熱線外芯223後,數位邏輯控制單元106藉由發送觸發訊號,提供驅動電流讓開關101導通。接著,輸入電源103讓電流流過分壓電阻21之後返回,形成迴路。此時,數位邏輯控制單元106便能偵測分壓電阻21電壓上的電壓(例如: 溫度輸出檢測單元102),用以比較溫度設定檔位的預設溫度值後,判斷是否要調節電熱毯表面溫度到設定值。When the electric blanket with over-temperature protection of this embodiment operates, the input power supply 103 is a unidirectional power supply (for example, an AC power supply), which can allow current to flow through the inner core 222 of the heating wire and then through the diode 24. The diode 24 is disposed between the inner core 222 of the heating wire and the outer core 223 of the heating wire in terms of circuit arrangement. After the current flows through the outer core 223 of the electric heating wire, the digital logic control unit 106 sends a trigger signal to provide a driving current to turn on the switch 101. Next, the input power supply 103 allows current to flow through the voltage dividing resistor 21 and then returns to form a loop. At this time, the digital logic control unit 106 can detect the voltage on the voltage of the voltage dividing resistor 21 (for example: the temperature output detection unit 102), used to compare the preset temperature value of the temperature setting gear, and determine whether to adjust the electric blanket Surface temperature to set value.

再接著,請參閱圖3,是本創作的具NTC特性中間絕緣層的電熱線剖面圖。如圖3所示,本實施例使用的電熱線22包含: 核心221,接著,在核心221上間隔地配置電熱線內芯222,之後,以中間絕緣層224包覆核心221及電熱線內芯222後,於中間絕緣層224上間隔地配置電熱線外芯223,最後,再由外層絕緣層225來包覆電熱線外芯223及中間絕緣層224。其中,電熱線內芯222和電熱線外芯223可以為負溫度係數特性(NTC)或是正溫度係數材料特性(Positive Temperature Coefficient, PTC),例如: 當正溫度係數材料特性(Positive Temperature Coefficient, PTC)時,電熱線22溫度升高後,使得對應的阻值會提高,因此可以藉由偵測阻值的變化來判斷電熱線22的溫度是否升高。另外,中間絕緣層224,主要是絕緣用途,用來避免電熱線內芯222和電熱線外芯223短路。此一中間絕緣層224具有負溫度係數的特性(NTC),例如: 當電熱線22溫度升高後,對應的阻值會降低,故也可以藉由偵測中間絕緣層224的阻值變化,來查看或是判斷電熱毯有無局部過溫。外層絕緣層225主要是絕緣,避免人體碰到電熱線外芯223觸電。Next, please refer to FIG. 3, which is a cross-sectional view of the electric heating wire of the intermediate insulating layer with NTC characteristics created in the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the heating wire 22 used in this embodiment includes: a core 221, and then, a heating wire inner core 222 is arranged on the core 221 at intervals, and then, the core 221 and the heating wire inner core are covered with an intermediate insulating layer 224 After 222, the outer core 223 of the heating wire is arranged on the middle insulating layer 224 at intervals, and finally, the outer core 223 of the heating wire and the middle insulating layer 224 are covered by the outer insulating layer 225. Among them, the inner core 222 of the heating wire and the outer core 223 of the heating wire may be a negative temperature coefficient characteristic (NTC) or a positive temperature coefficient material characteristic (Positive Temperature Coefficient, PTC), for example: when the positive temperature coefficient material characteristic (Positive Temperature Coefficient, PTC) ), after the temperature of the heating wire 22 increases, the corresponding resistance value will increase, so it can be judged whether the temperature of the heating wire 22 has increased by detecting the change of the resistance value. In addition, the intermediate insulating layer 224 is mainly used for insulation purposes to prevent short circuit between the inner core 222 of the heating wire and the outer core 223 of the heating wire. This intermediate insulating layer 224 has a negative temperature coefficient characteristic (NTC), for example: When the temperature of the heating wire 22 rises, the corresponding resistance value will decrease, so it is also possible to detect the change in the resistance value of the intermediate insulating layer 224, Come to check or judge whether the electric blanket is over temperature. The outer insulating layer 225 is mainly insulated to prevent the human body from touching the outer core 223 of the electric heating wire.

再接著,請參閱圖4,是圖2中的具過溫保護的電熱毯和控制器相應的等效電路圖。如圖4所示,本實施例使用的電熱線22的中間絕緣層224,除了具有負溫度係數的特性(NTC)外,還具有很複雜電性特性。根據圖2所示,在本創作的實施例中,可以將此一中間絕緣層224所具有的複雜電性特性簡化成一個等效阻抗,其中,等效阻抗是由中間絕緣層等效電阻304以及與中間絕緣層等效電阻304並聯的中間絕緣層等效電容305所組成,換句話說,在圖4的電性說明時,就會以中間絕緣層等效電阻304以及並聯(parallel)的中間絕緣層等效電容305所形成的等效阻抗來取代中間絕緣層224。其中,中間絕緣層224的中間絕緣層等效電阻304以及中間絕緣層等效電容305具有以下特性,首先,當電熱線22溫度提高後,中間絕緣層224的中間絕緣層等效電容305容值會提高。中間絕緣層224的中間絕緣層等效電容305容值會隨著長期使用高溫環境改變,因此,在計算中間絕緣層224的等效阻抗時,中間絕緣層等效電容305容值的估計會以一個固定值。其次,中間絕緣層224的中間絕緣層等效電阻304的阻值會隨電熱線22溫度提高而降低,具有負溫度係數 (NTC) 的特性,因此,在計算中間絕緣層224的等效阻抗時,中間絕緣層等效電阻304的阻值的估計會隨著溫度變化而改變。故當局部過溫時,局部的中間絕緣層224的中間絕緣層等效電阻304阻值會下降,其餘未達到過溫部份的中間絕緣層224的中間絕緣層等效電阻304阻值會上升,使得整條中間絕緣層224的中間絕緣層等效電阻304是具有並聯特性,所以中間絕緣層224的中間絕緣層等效電阻304阻值會下降。很明顯的,本創作藉由中間絕緣層等效電阻304以及並聯的中間絕緣層等效電容305來取代中間絕緣層224的計算方式,可以準確地偵測到是否產生局部過溫。Then, please refer to FIG. 4, which is an equivalent circuit diagram of the electric blanket with over-temperature protection and the controller in FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 4, the intermediate insulating layer 224 of the heating wire 22 used in this embodiment has very complicated electrical characteristics in addition to the negative temperature coefficient (NTC) characteristic. As shown in FIG. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, the complex electrical characteristics of this intermediate insulating layer 224 can be simplified into an equivalent impedance, where the equivalent impedance is the equivalent resistance 304 of the intermediate insulating layer And the equivalent capacitance 305 of the middle insulation layer in parallel with the equivalent resistance 304 of the middle insulation layer. In other words, in the electrical description of FIG. 4, the equivalent resistance 304 of the middle insulation layer and the parallel (parallel) The equivalent impedance formed by the equivalent capacitance 305 of the intermediate insulating layer replaces the intermediate insulating layer 224. Among them, the equivalent insulation resistance 304 of the intermediate insulation layer 224 and the equivalent capacitance 305 of the intermediate insulation layer have the following characteristics. First, when the temperature of the heating wire 22 increases, the capacitance value of the equivalent insulation 305 of the intermediate insulation layer 224 Will improve. The value of the middle insulating layer equivalent capacitance 305 of the middle insulating layer 224 will change with the long-term use of high temperature environment. Therefore, when calculating the equivalent impedance of the middle insulating layer 224, the estimated value of the middle insulating layer equivalent capacitance 305 capacitance A fixed value. Secondly, the resistance value of the equivalent insulation layer 304 of the middle insulation layer 224 will decrease as the temperature of the heating wire 22 rises, and has a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) characteristic. Therefore, when calculating the equivalent impedance of the middle insulation layer 224 The estimated value of the equivalent resistance of the intermediate insulating layer 304 will change with temperature. Therefore, when the local overtemperature occurs, the resistance value of the middle insulation layer 304 of the local insulation layer 224 will decrease, and the resistance value of the middle insulation layer 304 of the remaining middle insulation layer 224 that has not reached the overtemperature portion will rise. Therefore, the equivalent resistance 304 of the middle insulation layer of the entire middle insulation layer 224 has a parallel characteristic, so the resistance value of the equivalent resistance 304 of the middle insulation layer of the middle insulation layer 224 will decrease. Obviously, by replacing the calculation method of the intermediate insulation layer 224 with the equivalent insulation resistance 304 of the intermediate insulation layer and the equivalent capacitance 305 of the intermediate insulation layer in parallel, it is possible to accurately detect whether a local overtemperature has occurred.

接著,進一步說明圖4的運作過程。首先,本創作的具過溫保護的電熱毯和控制器的運作基礎,必須在單向導通加熱路徑上。當輸入電源103為交流市電時,在輸入電源103的正半周,電流經由電熱線22內芯發熱絲222後,再通過做為中繼盒端的單向正向二極體24與電熱線22外芯發熱絲223,可以到達溫度輸出控制單元25。此時,當低壓直流電源104驅動開關309來導通溫度輸出控制單元25上的開關101時,即完成正半週的加熱。換句話說,輸入電源103進入正半周時,即為電熱毯的加熱週期。其中,開關101的導通或關閉是由使用者調節外部檔位的溫度設定,通過數位邏輯控制單元106發出驅動訊號來控制低壓直流電源104驅動開關309導通或關閉。Next, the operation process of FIG. 4 is further explained. First of all, the operation foundation of the electric blanket and controller with over-temperature protection in this creation must be on the unidirectional heating path. When the input power supply 103 is AC mains power, in the positive half of the input power supply 103, the current passes through the inner heating wire 222 of the heating wire 22, and then passes through the unidirectional forward diode 24 as the relay box end and the heating wire 22 outside The core heating wire 223 can reach the temperature output control unit 25. At this time, when the low-voltage DC power supply 104 drives the switch 309 to turn on the switch 101 on the temperature output control unit 25, the heating of the positive half cycle is completed. In other words, when the input power supply 103 enters the positive half cycle, it is the heating cycle of the electric blanket. The switch 101 is turned on or off by the user adjusting the temperature setting of the external gear. The digital logic control unit 106 sends a driving signal to control the low voltage DC power supply 104 to drive the switch 309 to turn on or off.

再接著,在輸入電源103進入負半周時,電流在經由逆向電阻28和逆向二極體26後,並在通過電熱線外芯223,中間絕緣層224,電熱線內芯222,形成迴路。很明顯的,在輸入電源103進入負半周時,電熱線22中的發熱絲流過的電流非常微小,因此不會對電熱毯進行加熱。此時,數位邏輯控制單元106會通過對中間絕緣層檢測單元105的控制,來進行持續性的偵測電熱線22的中間絕緣層224是否短路,若是中間絕緣層224發生短路時,則數位邏輯控制單元106會啟動警示。此外,圖4中的中間絕緣層檢測點31即代表圖1中的中間絕緣層檢測單元105的檢測訊號源位置。如前所述,電熱線22的中間絕緣層224,是一個複雜的電性模型,但是可以簡化成並聯形式的中間絕緣層等效電容305和中間絕緣層等效電阻304。其中,中間絕緣層等效電阻304是具有負溫度係數 (NTC) 的特性,因此,當電熱線22局部過熱時,代表電熱線22的內芯發熱絲222和電熱線22的外芯發熱絲223也會產生局部過熱,使得中間絕緣層等效電阻304也會產生局部溫度升高,而造成中間絕緣層等效電阻304電阻值會下降。因此,本創作要偵測電熱毯局部過溫時,即可以在輸入電源103進入負半周時,通過中間絕緣層檢測單元105來判斷電熱毯中的電熱線22是否產生局部過溫。換句話說,輸入電源103進入負半周時,即為檢測週期。Then, when the input power supply 103 enters the negative half cycle, the current passes through the reverse resistance 28 and the reverse diode 26, and then passes through the outer core 223 of the heating wire, the intermediate insulating layer 224, and the inner core 222 of the heating wire to form a loop. Obviously, when the input power supply 103 enters the negative half cycle, the current flowing through the heating wire in the heating wire 22 is very small, so the heating blanket will not be heated. At this time, the digital logic control unit 106 will continuously detect whether the intermediate insulation layer 224 of the heating wire 22 is short-circuited by controlling the intermediate insulation layer detection unit 105. If the intermediate insulation layer 224 is short-circuited, the digital logic The control unit 106 will activate the warning. In addition, the intermediate insulation layer detection point 31 in FIG. 4 represents the position of the detection signal source of the intermediate insulation layer detection unit 105 in FIG. 1. As mentioned above, the intermediate insulating layer 224 of the heating wire 22 is a complicated electrical model, but it can be simplified into a parallel form of the intermediate insulating layer equivalent capacitance 305 and the intermediate insulating layer equivalent resistance 304. Among them, the equivalent resistance of the intermediate insulating layer 304 has a characteristic of negative temperature coefficient (NTC), therefore, when the heating wire 22 is locally overheated, the inner core heating wire 222 representing the heating wire 22 and the outer core heating wire 223 of the heating wire 22 Local overheating will also occur, so that the equivalent resistance of the intermediate insulating layer 304 will also cause a local temperature increase, and the resistance value of the equivalent resistance of the intermediate insulating layer 304 will decrease. Therefore, the present invention is to detect the local overheating of the electric blanket, that is, when the input power supply 103 enters the negative half cycle, the intermediate insulating layer detection unit 105 can determine whether the electric heating wire 22 in the electric blanket has a local overtemperature. In other words, when the input power supply 103 enters the negative half cycle, it is the detection cycle.

再接著,進一步說明本創作檢測週期判斷電熱毯中的電熱線22是否產生局部過溫的實施方式。請繼續參考圖4,首先,當逆向二極體26視作理想二極體時,中間絕緣層檢測點31的電壓在輸入電源103在正半週時,因為逆向二極體26會阻止電流流過迴路,故中間絕緣層檢測點31的電壓會等於零電位。接著,當輸入電源103在負半週時,逆向二極體26會導通,使得中間絕緣層檢測點31產生分壓電壓(簡稱中間絕緣層檢測點電壓),此一中間絕緣層檢測點電壓可以簡化為以下方程式(1)。 中間絕緣層檢測點電壓 =

Figure 02_image003
可以看到這個方程式(1)是微分形式的方程式,對於輸入電源103的弦波作微分,也就是表現出輸入電源103電壓的斜率。若前一個半週,輸入電源103為正半週以及溫度輸出控制單元25上的開關101導通時,中間絕緣層等效電阻304和中間絕緣層等效電容305兩端的電壓會在零點時會釋放至零(或是釋放乾淨),使得中間絕緣層檢測點31電壓可以表示為輸入電源103負半週時的斜率,如圖5所示。 Next, the embodiment of the present creation detection cycle to determine whether the electric heating wire 22 in the electric blanket generates a local overtemperature is further described. Please continue to refer to FIG. 4. First, when the reverse diode 26 is regarded as an ideal diode, the voltage of the intermediate insulating layer detection point 31 when the input power supply 103 is in the positive half cycle, because the reverse diode 26 prevents current flow Through the loop, the voltage at the detection point 31 of the intermediate insulating layer will be equal to zero potential. Then, when the input power supply 103 is in the negative half cycle, the reverse diode 26 will be turned on, so that the intermediate insulation layer detection point 31 generates a divided voltage (referred to as the intermediate insulation layer detection point voltage), this intermediate insulation layer detection point voltage can be Simplified to the following equation (1). Intermediate insulation layer detection point voltage =
Figure 02_image003
It can be seen that this equation (1) is a differential equation, which differentiates the sine wave of the input power supply 103, that is, shows the slope of the voltage of the input power supply 103. If the input power supply 103 is in the positive half cycle and the switch 101 on the temperature output control unit 25 is turned on in the previous half cycle, the voltage across the middle insulation layer equivalent resistance 304 and the middle insulation layer equivalent capacitance 305 will be released at the zero point To zero (or to release it cleanly), so that the voltage of the middle insulation layer detection point 31 can be expressed as the slope at the negative half cycle of the input power source 103, as shown in FIG. 5.

請繼續參閱圖5,是開關持續導通時的輸入電壓和中間絕緣層檢測點電壓實施例的展開圖,其中,橫軸是時間(t),而縱軸是電壓(V)。如圖5所示,是在檢測週期(即輸入電源103為負半週時)並且在開關101持續導通時,藉由中間絕緣層檢測單元105來偵測電熱毯中的電熱線22是否產生局部過溫。其中,中間絕緣層檢測點31的電壓是由輸入電源103負半週電壓,通過逆向電阻28,中間絕緣層等效電阻304並聯中間絕緣層等效電容305的等效分壓電路產生,如方程式(1)所示。其中,等效分壓電路可視作微分電路,具有輸入電源103斜率的比例關係。例如: 當輸入電源103下降到零點的時候,斜率是最低,使得中間絕緣層檢測點31電壓對應也是最低。當輸入電源103斜率上升成零時,中間絕緣層檢測點31電壓也上升到零。根據圖4,在本創作的實施例中, 中間絕緣層檢測單元105可以選擇在輸入電源103的負半週內浮動地尋找中間絕緣層檢測點31電壓的最低值。在電熱毯加熱穩定後,將紀錄到的最低值,作為電熱毯過溫偵測的初始判斷值(此一初始判斷值即是Ω1)。Please continue to refer to FIG. 5, which is an expanded view of the embodiment of the input voltage and the voltage of the intermediate insulating layer detection point when the switch is continuously turned on, where the horizontal axis is time (t) and the vertical axis is voltage (V). As shown in FIG. 5, during the detection period (that is, when the input power supply 103 is negative half cycle) and when the switch 101 continues to be turned on, the intermediate insulating layer detection unit 105 is used to detect whether the heating wire 22 in the electric blanket generates a local Over temperature. Among them, the voltage of the middle insulation layer detection point 31 is generated by the negative half-period voltage of the input power supply 103 through the reverse resistance 28, the middle insulation layer equivalent resistance 304 and the middle insulation layer equivalent capacitance 305 of the equivalent voltage dividing circuit in parallel, such as Equation (1) shows. Among them, the equivalent voltage dividing circuit can be regarded as a differential circuit, which has a proportional relationship of the slope of the input power supply 103. For example: when the input power supply 103 drops to zero, the slope is the lowest, so that the voltage corresponding to the middle insulation layer detection point 31 is also the lowest. When the slope of the input power supply 103 rises to zero, the voltage at the intermediate insulating layer detection point 31 also rises to zero. According to FIG. 4, in the embodiment of the present creation, the intermediate insulating layer detection unit 105 may choose to find the lowest value of the voltage of the intermediate insulating layer detection point 31 floating in the negative half cycle of the input power source 103. After the electric blanket is heated and stabilized, the lowest value recorded is used as the initial judgment value of the electric blanket over-temperature detection (this initial judgment value is Ω1).

由圖5所示,在開關101持續導通時,可以觀察到輸入電源103在負半週時,在中間絕緣層檢測點31始終會有一個放電波形,代表在加熱的路徑上,有儲能元件存在,由圖4可知,此一儲能元件即為中間絕緣層等效電容305。很明顯的,本創作藉由觀察到圖5的放電波形,可以正確的建構出中間絕緣層224具有等效阻抗(即中間絕緣層等效電阻304並聯中間絕緣層等效電容305)效應,因此,必須將此一中間絕緣層224具有等效阻抗因素列入考量,才能量測到正確的溫度變化。反之,這也正是目前電熱毯產品對於溫度量測不準確的原因所在。As shown in FIG. 5, when the switch 101 continues to be turned on, it can be observed that when the input power supply 103 is in the negative half cycle, there will always be a discharge waveform at the detection point 31 of the intermediate insulating layer, which represents that there is an energy storage element on the heating path There is, as can be seen from FIG. 4, this energy storage element is the equivalent capacitance 305 of the intermediate insulating layer. Obviously, by observing the discharge waveform of FIG. 5 in this creation, it can be correctly constructed that the intermediate insulating layer 224 has an equivalent impedance (ie, the intermediate insulating layer equivalent resistance 304 in parallel with the intermediate insulating layer equivalent capacitance 305) effect, so In order to measure the correct temperature change, the factor of equivalent impedance of this intermediate insulating layer 224 must be taken into consideration. On the contrary, this is also the reason why current electric blanket products are not accurate for temperature measurement.

接著,請參閱圖6,圖6是開關導通後關閉時的輸入電壓和中間絕緣層檢測點電壓圖,其中,橫軸是時間(t),而縱軸是電壓(V)。首先,如圖6所示,是在檢測週期(即輸入電源103為負半週時)並且在開關101關閉(off)時,逆向二極體26負端電壓,會在輸入電源103進入負半週時,開始對中間絕緣層等效電容305充電,接著,當輸入電源103在負半週電壓週期由負轉正時,會疊加一個電壓到逆向二極體26負端電壓,這個値的峰值差不多是輸入電源103峰值的兩倍。同時,中間絕緣層等效電阻304也在慢慢消耗著中間絕緣層等效電容305上的跨電壓。由圖6可以很明顯地觀察到,中間絕緣層檢測點31電壓下降到零點的時間延後了,如圖6中的A點的位置所示。同時,由圖6可以看到,中間絕緣層檢測點31的負電壓延後,使得負電壓値較溫度輸出控制單元25上的開關101導通時小,如圖6中的A點及B點的位置所示。Next, please refer to FIG. 6. FIG. 6 is a graph of the input voltage and the voltage of the intermediate insulating layer detection point when the switch is turned off, where the horizontal axis is time (t) and the vertical axis is voltage (V). First, as shown in FIG. 6, during the detection period (that is, when the input power supply 103 is in the negative half cycle) and when the switch 101 is off, the voltage at the negative terminal of the reverse diode 26 will enter the negative half of the input power supply 103 At the beginning of the week, charging of the intermediate insulating layer equivalent capacitor 305 begins. Then, when the input power supply 103 changes from negative to positive in the negative half cycle voltage cycle, a voltage will be superimposed to the negative diode 26 negative terminal voltage, the peak value of this value is almost It is twice the peak value of the input power 103. At the same time, the equivalent resistance of the intermediate insulating layer 304 is slowly consuming the voltage across the equivalent capacitance 305 of the intermediate insulating layer. It can be clearly observed from FIG. 6 that the time for the voltage of the intermediate insulation layer detection point 31 to fall to zero is delayed, as shown by the position of point A in FIG. 6. At the same time, as can be seen from FIG. 6, the negative voltage of the intermediate insulating layer detection point 31 is delayed, making the negative voltage value smaller than when the switch 101 on the temperature output control unit 25 is turned on, as shown in points A and B in FIG. 6. The location is shown.

請參閱圖7,是開關導通後關閉時的輸入電壓和中間絕緣層檢測點電壓展開圖,其中,橫軸是時間(t),而縱軸是電壓(V)。如圖7所示,是從中間絕緣層等效電阻304的等效方程式(1)和模擬波形可以看到,當本實施例的開關101在導通時,中間絕緣層檢測點31上的負電壓峰值絕對值定義為α;並在溫度輸出控制單元25上的開關101關閉時,中間絕緣層檢測點31上的負電壓峰值絕對值定義為β。其中, 中間絕緣層等效電阻304改變了中間絕緣層檢測點31上的負電壓峰值的絕對值。此時;因此,可以得到一個差值γ = α – β。在一實施例中,當發生局部過溫的溫度越高,中間絕緣層等效電阻304值會變低,則α保持不動,β變高,是得差值γ變低。因此,在電熱毯初始加熱階段,本創作將讀取到的差值γ作為標準值Ω1,接著,在一較佳實施例中,由於電熱毯中所使用的電熱線22材質可能不相同,因此,會造成等效阻抗也不相同,故本創作為了能得到更精準的過溫量測,將電熱線22材質不同所造成等效阻抗因素列入考量以取得一個經驗函數後,在本創作將讀取到的差值γ作為標準值Ω1後,進一步將標準值Ω1代入經驗函數得到過溫經驗值Ω2,其中,此一經驗函數設定為小於1,特別是小於0.9的經驗函數,特別是設定0.5~0.9之間,而設定為小於1的原因是中間絕緣層等效電阻304為NTC特性。此時,當中間絕緣層檢測單元105偵測到差值γ低於過溫值Ω2時,表示毯面發生局部過溫,此時數位邏輯控制單元106會讓蜂鳴器107發出警示聲,並保持LED燈號108綠色,同時降低毯面設定溫度。Please refer to FIG. 7, which is an expanded view of the input voltage and the voltage of the middle insulation layer detection point when the switch is turned off, where the horizontal axis is time (t) and the vertical axis is voltage (V). As shown in FIG. 7, it can be seen from the equivalent equation (1) of the equivalent resistance 304 of the intermediate insulating layer and the simulated waveform that when the switch 101 of this embodiment is turned on, the negative voltage on the detection point 31 of the intermediate insulating layer The absolute value of the peak value is defined as α; and when the switch 101 on the temperature output control unit 25 is closed, the absolute value of the peak value of the negative voltage on the intermediate insulating layer detection point 31 is defined as β. Among them, the equivalent resistance of the intermediate insulating layer 304 changes the absolute value of the peak value of the negative voltage on the detection point 31 of the intermediate insulating layer. At this time; therefore, a difference γ = α – β can be obtained. In an embodiment, when the temperature at which local overtemperature occurs is higher, the value of the equivalent resistance 304 of the intermediate insulating layer becomes lower, then α remains immobile, β becomes higher, and the difference γ becomes lower. Therefore, in the initial heating stage of the electric blanket, the author uses the read difference γ as the standard value Ω1. Then, in a preferred embodiment, the material of the electric heating wire 22 used in the electric blanket may be different, so , The equivalent impedance will also be different, so in order to obtain more accurate overtemperature measurement, the equivalent impedance factor caused by the different material of the heating wire 22 is taken into consideration to obtain an empirical function. After reading the difference γ as the standard value Ω1, the standard value Ω1 is further substituted into the empirical function to obtain the overtemperature empirical value Ω2, where this empirical function is set to less than 1, especially the empirical function less than 0.9, especially the setting The reason for the setting between 0.5 and 0.9 is less than 1 because the equivalent resistance 304 of the intermediate insulating layer is NTC characteristic. At this time, when the intermediate insulation layer detection unit 105 detects that the difference γ is lower than the over-temperature value Ω2, it indicates that a local over-temperature has occurred on the blanket surface. At this time, the digital logic control unit 106 will cause the buzzer 107 to sound an alarm, and Keep the LED light 108 green while lowering the set temperature on the blanket surface.

接著說明本創作的具體實施方式,如圖8所示,是開關導通後關閉時的具體實例的電路圖。首先,如圖8所示,輸入電源103,在溫度輸出控制單元25上的開關101導通時,可以使用 中間絕緣層檢測點31的電壓方程式,根據圖8的參數先代入Laplace方程式,在輸入電壓為230V/50Hz條件下,得到方程式(2) ,其中,逆向電阻28的阻值為2350歐姆。

Figure 02_image005
/ [
Figure 02_image007
2350] (2) 接著,我們轉換將Laplace方程式轉換成time domain後,得到方程式(2)最小值發生在10ms附近,其值為-3.6V(這是因為逆向二極體26作用,中間絕緣層檢測點31電壓小於等於零,不會有正電壓)。也就是說,中間絕緣層檢測點31上的負電壓峰值絕對值α=3.6V(此絕對值是通過分壓電阻27來達成)。 Next, a specific embodiment of the present creation will be described. As shown in FIG. 8, it is a circuit diagram of a specific example when the switch is turned on after being turned on. First, as shown in FIG. 8, when the input power supply 103 and the switch 101 on the temperature output control unit 25 are turned on, the voltage equation of the intermediate insulating layer detection point 31 can be used, and the Laplace equation is first substituted according to the parameters of FIG. 8. Under the condition of 230V/50Hz, equation (2) is obtained, in which the resistance of the reverse resistor 28 is 2350 ohms.
Figure 02_image005
/ [
Figure 02_image007
2350] (2) Then, after converting Laplace equation into time domain, the minimum value of equation (2) occurs around 10ms and its value is -3.6V (this is because of the action of reverse diode 26, the middle insulating layer (The voltage at the detection point 31 is less than or equal to zero, and there will be no positive voltage). That is to say, the absolute value of the negative peak voltage value at the intermediate insulating layer detection point 31 is α=3.6V (this absolute value is achieved by the voltage dividing resistor 27).

接著,在開關101關閉後,中間絕緣層等效電容305會有一個最大為325.22V的鉗位電壓,發生在輸入電源103在最低點時,接著,隨著輸入電源103緩步上升,使得中間絕緣層等效電阻304慢慢消耗著中間絕緣層等效電容305上的鉗位電壓。接著,由方程式(3)計算逆向二極體26負端電壓何時到零點, 325.22xcos(2πx 50 x t) = 325.22 x

Figure 02_image009
(3) 根據方程式(3)解得,時間在17.4ms的時候,中間絕緣層等效電容305的鉗位電壓為零。比照圖6,是以鉗位電壓在15ms最大值起算,所以鉗位電壓歸零的時間點發生在圖6的32.4ms處。接著把時間帶入Laplace方程式轉換成的時域函數中,發現鉗位電壓歸零後的最低點發生在附近,其值為-2.7V。也就是說,中間絕緣層檢測點31上的負電壓峰值絕對值β=2.7V Then, after the switch 101 is closed, the intermediate insulating layer equivalent capacitance 305 will have a maximum clamping voltage of 325.22V, which occurs when the input power supply 103 is at the lowest point. Then, as the input power supply 103 gradually rises, making the middle The insulation layer equivalent resistance 304 slowly consumes the clamping voltage on the middle insulation layer equivalent capacitance 305. Next, use Equation (3) to calculate when the voltage at the negative terminal of the reverse diode 26 reaches zero, 325.22xcos(2πx 50 xt) = 325.22 x
Figure 02_image009
(3) According to equation (3), when the time is 17.4ms, the clamping voltage of the equivalent capacitance 305 of the intermediate insulating layer is zero. According to FIG. 6, the clamping voltage starts at the maximum value of 15 ms, so the time point when the clamping voltage returns to zero occurs at 32.4 ms in FIG. 6. Then the time is brought into the time domain function converted by the Laplace equation, and it is found that the lowest point after the clamp voltage returns to zero occurs in the vicinity, and its value is -2.7V. In other words, the absolute value of the negative peak voltage value at the detection point 31 of the intermediate insulating layer β=2.7V

根據上述過程,本創作藉著以電熱線局部最高溫度60°C,65°C,70°C,75°C,80°C,同時,對照中間絕緣層等效電阻304在2MΩ到3MΩ(會變化是因為為NTC特性),而中間絕緣層等效電容305均設定為15nF,計算出檢測差值,如下表1所示。 表 1

Figure 02_image011
According to the above process, the author uses the local maximum temperature of the electric heating wire as 60°C, 65°C, 70°C, 75°C, 80°C. At the same time, the equivalent resistance of the intermediate insulating layer 304 is 2MΩ to 3MΩ (will The change is due to NTC characteristics), and the equivalent capacitance 305 of the intermediate insulating layer is set to 15nF, and the detection difference is calculated, as shown in Table 1 below. Table 1
Figure 02_image011

根據上述過程,本創作在進行過溫判斷時,可以根據表1的值進行判斷。例如: 若假設過溫判斷值為60℃,由表1可以知道其γ值為0.9V,此0.9V的γ值即用以作為作標準值的Ω1。故在一實施例中,當進行過溫判斷時,當γ值小於0.9V時,就會判斷產生過溫現象,例如,當γ值為0.7V時,則判斷過溫溫度在65~70℃。特別說明,在一較佳實施例中,需要考慮到電熱線22材質不同所造成的經驗函數,此一經驗函數設定為小於1,特別是小於0.9的經驗函數。在加熱初始階段,得到電熱毯穩定溫度時,初始差值值當作標準值Ω1,設定為小於1的原因是中間絕緣層等效電阻304為NTC特性。接著,將這個初始值差值代入經驗函數得到過溫經驗值Ω2。例如: 若假設過溫判斷值為60℃,由表1可以知道其γ值為0.9V,此0.9V的γ值即用以作為作標準值的Ω1,當電熱毯發生局部過溫時,例如,在經驗函數設定為0.8時,表示Ω2為0.72,故γ值小於Ω2=0.72時,當判斷電熱毯發生局部過溫。當電熱毯發生局部過溫時,中間絕緣層檢測單元105偵測到差值γ低於過溫值Ω2,會啟動保護。數位邏輯控制單元106發送保護訊號,LED燈號108轉為持續綠燈,蜂鳴器107 響三聲,通知使用者電熱毯發生局部過溫,並調整降低電熱毯設定溫度,即使使用者沒發現數位邏輯控制單元106通知過溫,電熱毯溫度還是會下降到安全範圍。According to the above process, the author can judge according to the values in Table 1 when judging over temperature. For example: If it is assumed that the over-temperature judgment value is 60°C, it can be known from Table 1 that its γ value is 0.9V, and the γ value of 0.9V is used as the standard value of Ω1. Therefore, in one embodiment, when the over-temperature judgment is performed, when the γ value is less than 0.9V, it will be judged that the over-temperature phenomenon occurs, for example, when the γ value is 0.7V, the over-temperature temperature is judged to be 65~70℃ . In particular, in a preferred embodiment, an empirical function caused by different materials of the heating wire 22 needs to be considered. This empirical function is set to be less than 1, especially less than 0.9. In the initial stage of heating, when the stable temperature of the electric blanket is obtained, the initial difference value is regarded as the standard value Ω1. The reason for setting it to be less than 1 is that the equivalent resistance 304 of the intermediate insulating layer is NTC characteristic. Then, substitute this initial value difference into the empirical function to obtain the over-temperature empirical value Ω2. For example: If the over-temperature judgment value is 60°C, the γ value of 0.9V can be known from Table 1, and the γ value of 0.9V is used as the standard value of Ω1. When a local over-temperature occurs on the electric blanket, for example When the empirical function is set to 0.8, it means that Ω2 is 0.72, so when the γ value is less than Ω2=0.72, when it is judged that the electric blanket has a local overtemperature. When the local overtemperature of the electric blanket occurs, the middle insulating layer detection unit 105 detects that the difference γ is lower than the overtemperature value Ω2, and the protection is activated. The digital logic control unit 106 sends a protection signal, the LED light 108 turns to a continuous green light, and the buzzer 107 sounds three times to notify the user that the electric blanket has a local overtemperature, and adjust to lower the set temperature of the electric blanket, even if the user does not find the digital The logic control unit 106 notifies the over temperature that the temperature of the electric blanket will still fall to a safe range.

以上所述僅為本創作較佳的實施方式,並非用以限定本創作權利的範圍;同時以上的描述,對於相關技術領域中具有通常知識者應可明瞭並據以實施,因此其他未脫離本創作所揭露概念下所完成之等效改變或修飾,應均包含於申請專利範圍中。The above is only the preferred embodiment of this creation, and is not intended to limit the scope of this creative right; meanwhile, the above description should be clear to those with ordinary knowledge in the relevant technical field and be implemented accordingly, so others have not deviated from this Equivalent changes or modifications made under the concepts disclosed in the creation should be included in the scope of the patent application.

10:毯體 110:上片體 120:下片體 101:開關 102:溫度輸出檢測單元 103:輸入電源 104:低壓直流電源 105:中間絕緣層檢測單元 106:數位邏輯控制單元 107:蜂鳴器 108:LED燈號 20:過溫保護裝置 21:第一分壓電阻 22:電熱線 222:電熱線內芯 223:電熱線外芯 24:二極體 25:溫度輸出控制單元 26:逆向二極體 27:第二分壓電阻 28:逆向電阻 30:電源座 31:中間絕緣層檢測點 33:電源線 304:中間絕緣層等效電阻 305:中間絕緣層等效電容 309:開關驅動訊號 40:連接部 41:透氣孔10: Blanket 110: upper body 120: lower body 101: switch 102: Temperature output detection unit 103: input power 104: Low voltage DC power supply 105: Intermediate insulation layer detection unit 106: digital logic control unit 107: Buzzer 108: LED lights 20: Over-temperature protection device 21: First voltage divider resistance 22: Electric hotline 222: electric heating core 223: outer core of electric heating wire 24: Diode 25: Temperature output control unit 26: reverse diode 27: Second voltage divider resistor 28: reverse resistance 30: Power socket 31: Intermediate insulation layer detection point 33: Power cord 304: Equivalent resistance of the middle insulating layer 305: Equivalent capacitance of the middle insulating layer 309: switch drive signal 40: Connection 41: Ventilation holes

圖1     是本創作的一種具過溫保護裝置的熱電熱毯上視示意圖。 圖2     是本創作的具過溫保護裝置的電熱毯的一種實施方式的結構示意圖。 圖3     是本創作的具NTC特性中間絕緣層的電熱線剖面圖。 圖4     是圖1中的具過溫保護的電熱毯和控制器相應的等效電路圖。 圖5     是開關持續導通時的輸入電壓和中間絕緣層檢測點電壓展開圖。 圖6     是開關導通後關閉時的輸入電壓和中間絕緣層檢測點電壓圖 圖7     是開關導通後關閉時的輸入電壓和中間絕緣層檢測點電壓展開圖。 圖8     是開關導通後關閉時的具體實例的電路圖。 Figure 1 is a schematic top view of a thermoelectric blanket with over-temperature protection device created in this book. Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the electric blanket with over-temperature protection device created in this invention. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the electric heating wire of the middle insulation layer with NTC characteristics created by this author. Figure 4 is the corresponding equivalent circuit diagram of the electric blanket and controller in Figure 1 with over-temperature protection. Figure 5 is an expanded view of the input voltage and the voltage at the detection point of the middle insulation layer when the switch is continuously on. Figure 6 is the input voltage and the voltage of the middle insulation layer detection point when the switch is turned off after it is turned on Figure 7 is an expanded view of the input voltage and the voltage at the detection point of the middle insulating layer when the switch is turned off after it is turned on. Figure 8 is a circuit diagram of a specific example when the switch is turned on after being turned on.

101:開關 101: switch

102:溫度輸出檢測單元 102: Temperature output detection unit

103:輸入電源 103: input power

104:低壓直流電源 104: Low voltage DC power supply

105:中間絕緣層檢測單元 105: Intermediate insulation layer detection unit

106:數位邏輯控制單元 106: digital logic control unit

107:蜂鳴器 107: Buzzer

108:LED燈號 108: LED lights

21:分壓電阻 21: Voltage divider resistance

222:電熱線內芯 222: electric heating core

223:電熱線外芯 223: outer core of electric heating wire

24:二極體 24: Diode

25:溫度輸出控制單元 25: Temperature output control unit

26:逆向二極體 26: reverse diode

27:分壓電阻 27: Voltage divider resistance

28:逆向電阻 28: reverse resistance

Claims (10)

一種具過溫保護裝置的電熱毯,其包括有一毯體、一電熱線及一過溫保護裝置,該毯體包括有一上片體及一下片體,該電熱線設置在上片體及下片體之間並與該過溫保護裝置連接,其特徵在於: 該過溫保護裝置包括一溫度輸出控制單元,一溫度輸出檢測單元,一輸入電源及一數位邏輯控制單元,其中,輸入電源與該電熱線連接,而該電熱線包括: 一核心,一電熱線內芯,一電熱線外芯及配置在該電熱線內芯及該電熱線外芯之間的中間絕緣層,該中間絕緣層具有一等效阻抗特性。 An electric blanket with over-temperature protection device includes a blanket body, an electric heating wire and an over-temperature protection device, the blanket body includes an upper sheet body and a lower sheet body, the electric heating wire is arranged on the upper sheet body and the lower sheet The body is connected to the over-temperature protection device and is characterized by: The over-temperature protection device includes a temperature output control unit, a temperature output detection unit, an input power supply and a digital logic control unit, wherein the input power supply is connected to the electric heating wire, and the electric heating wire includes: a core, an electric heating wire The inner core, an outer core of the heating wire and an intermediate insulating layer disposed between the inner core of the heating wire and the outer core of the heating wire, the intermediate insulating layer having an equivalent impedance characteristic. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的具過溫保護裝置的電熱毯,其中,該中間絕緣層具有負溫度係數的特性(NTC)。An electric blanket with an over-temperature protection device as described in item 1 of the patent scope, wherein the intermediate insulating layer has a negative temperature coefficient characteristic (NTC). 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的具過溫保護裝置的電熱毯,其中,該等效阻抗特性是由中間絕緣層等效電阻以及並聯的中間絕緣層等效電容所形成。The electric blanket with an over-temperature protection device as described in item 1 of the patent application range, wherein the equivalent impedance characteristic is formed by the equivalent resistance of the intermediate insulating layer and the equivalent capacitance of the parallel intermediate insulating layer. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的具過溫保護裝置的電熱毯,其中,中間絕緣層檢測點的電壓 =
Figure 03_image013
The electric blanket with over-temperature protection device as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the voltage at the detection point of the middle insulating layer =
Figure 03_image013
.
如申請專利範圍第3項所述的具過溫保護裝置的電熱毯,其中,該電熱線內芯及該電熱線外芯為具有負溫度係數的特性(NTC)或是正溫度係數的特性(PTC)。The electric blanket with over-temperature protection device as described in item 3 of the patent application scope, wherein the inner core of the electric heating wire and the outer core of the electric heating wire are characterized by a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) or a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) ). 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的具過溫保護裝置的電熱毯,其中,溫度輸出控制單元為一開關。The electric blanket with an over-temperature protection device as described in item 1 of the patent scope, wherein the temperature output control unit is a switch. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述的具過溫保護裝置的電熱毯,其中,溫度輸出控制單元的開關是與數位邏輯控制單元連接。The electric blanket with over-temperature protection device as described in item 6 of the patent application scope, wherein the switch of the temperature output control unit is connected with the digital logic control unit. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的具過溫保護裝置的電熱毯,其中,該第一分壓電阻作為溫度偵測。The electric blanket with an over-temperature protection device as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the first voltage-dividing resistor serves as temperature detection. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的具過溫保護裝置的電熱毯,其中,該第二分壓電阻使檢測溫度電壓為正值。The electric blanket with an over-temperature protection device as described in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the second voltage-dividing resistor makes the detected temperature voltage positive. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的具過溫保護裝置的電熱毯,其中,該毯體的上片體及一下片體配置有透氣孔。An electric blanket with an over-temperature protection device as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the upper and lower sheets of the blanket are provided with ventilation holes.
TW108215655U 2019-11-26 2019-11-26 Blanket with an over heat protected device TWM591809U (en)

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