TWM585488U - Tilt feed tray - Google Patents

Tilt feed tray Download PDF

Info

Publication number
TWM585488U
TWM585488U TW108208267U TW108208267U TWM585488U TW M585488 U TWM585488 U TW M585488U TW 108208267 U TW108208267 U TW 108208267U TW 108208267 U TW108208267 U TW 108208267U TW M585488 U TWM585488 U TW M585488U
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
hook
feed tray
fixing
tray
holding portion
Prior art date
Application number
TW108208267U
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陳成龍
Original Assignee
畜麗實業有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 畜麗實業有限公司 filed Critical 畜麗實業有限公司
Priority to TW108208267U priority Critical patent/TWM585488U/en
Publication of TWM585488U publication Critical patent/TWM585488U/en

Links

Landscapes

  • Feeding And Watering For Cattle Raising And Animal Husbandry (AREA)

Abstract

本創作係一種傾斜式飼料盤,其包含一盤體及一座體,該盤體內部形成一開口朝上之容料空間,該座體係自該盤體的底部向下延伸,並具有相對之一高端及一低端,該座體的厚度係自該高端朝該低端方向遞減,本創作傾斜式飼料盤係用以容置飼料,並用以提供幼畜食用飼料,本創作傾斜式飼料盤主要係藉由所述不等厚度的座體,使該盤體置放於地面上時能呈現朝該座體之低端方向傾斜的狀態,能使液態飼料集中於該盤體低處,不但能讓幼畜能便於食用,且能減緩液態飼料的水分散失速度,進而避免病菌滋生。The creation is an inclined feed tray, which includes a tray body and a body. The inside of the tray body forms a material holding space with an opening facing upward. The seat system extends downward from the bottom of the tray body and has an opposite one. High-end and a low-end, the thickness of the base body decreases from the high-end toward the low-end. This creative inclined feed tray is used to contain feed and to provide food for young animals. This creative inclined feed tray is mainly With the bases of different thicknesses, the tray body can be inclined toward the lower end of the base body when placed on the ground, and the liquid feed can be concentrated at the lower part of the tray body. Make young animals easy to eat, and slow down the water dispersion loss of liquid feed, thereby avoiding the breeding of germs.

Description

傾斜式飼料盤Inclined feed tray

本創作係一種傾斜式飼料盤,尤指用以容置飼料以提供幼畜食用之傾斜式飼料盤。This creation is a tilting feed tray, especially a tilting feed tray used to contain feed to feed young animals.

由於初生的幼畜抵抗力較弱,容易受到外部環境的影響而生病或受傷,為了保護幼畜,飼育人員會將初生的幼畜集中照顧,使幼畜能在飼育人員的照顧下健康成長。Due to the weak resistance of newborn babies, they are susceptible to illness or injury due to the influence of the external environment. In order to protect young babies, the breeders will take care of the newborn babies so that they can grow up healthy under the care of the breeders.

而在餵食幼畜時,飼育人員使用一飼料盤進行幼畜的餵食,所述飼料盤內形成一開口朝上的容料空間,飼育人員能透過將營養液等液態飼料置入所述飼料盤內,以提供幼畜食用。When feeding young animals, the breeder uses a feed tray to feed the young animals. The feed tray forms an upwardly-capacity holding space. The breeder can put liquid feed such as nutrient solution into the feed tray. Inside to provide food for young animals.

然而當幼畜食用所述飼料盤內的液態飼料後,少量殘留的液態飼料會平均分布於所述飼料盤的容料空間中,不但幼畜難以食用,且殘留的液態飼料的水分容易散失,而殘留的營養成分則容易孳生病菌,若幼畜以口鼻沾舔所述飼料盤,容易導致幼畜受病菌感染的問題。However, when young animals consume the liquid feed in the feed tray, a small amount of residual liquid feed will be evenly distributed in the feed space of the feed tray. Not only are the young animals difficult to eat, but the residual liquid feed is easy to lose water. The remaining nutritional components are prone to breeding germs, and if the young animals lick the feed tray with their nose and nose, it may easily cause the young animals to be infected by the germs.

本創作之主要目的在於提供一傾斜式飼料盤,希藉此改善現今之飼料盤中容易殘留有少量的液態飼料,不但幼畜難以食用,且殘留的液態飼料的水分容易散失,而殘留的營養成分則容易孳生病菌,容易導致幼畜受病菌感染的問題。The main purpose of this creation is to provide an inclined feed tray, in order to improve the small amount of liquid feed that is easy to remain in the current feed tray. Not only is it difficult for young animals to eat, but the remaining liquid feed is easy to lose water, and the remaining nutrients Ingredients are susceptible to breeding germs, which can easily cause problems in young animals.

為達成前揭目的,本創作之傾斜式飼料盤包含:
一盤體,其內部形成一開口朝上之容料空間;以及
一座體,其係自該盤體的底部向下延伸,並具有相對之一高端及一低端,該座體的厚度係自該高端朝該低端方向遞減。
In order to achieve the purpose of the previous disclosure, the inclined feed tray of this creation contains:
A tray body, the interior of which is formed with a material-holding space with an upward opening; and a body which extends downward from the bottom of the tray body and has a relatively high end and a low end, the thickness of the base body is from The high end decreases in the direction of the low end.

本創作傾斜式飼料盤係用以容置飼料,並用以提供幼畜食用飼料,本創作傾斜式飼料盤主要係藉由所述不等厚度的座體,使該盤體置放於地面上時能呈現朝該座體之低端方向傾斜的狀態,能使液態飼料集中於該盤體低處,不但能讓幼畜能便於食用,且能減緩液態飼料的水分散失速度,進而避免病菌滋生。This creative inclined feed tray is used to contain feed and to provide food for young animals. This creative inclined feed tray is mainly used when the tray is placed on the ground through the bases of different thicknesses. It can present a state of tilting towards the lower end of the seat, which can make the liquid feed concentrate on the lower part of the tray, which can not only make the young animals easy to eat, but also slow down the water dispersion loss of the liquid feed, thereby avoiding the breeding of germs.

其中,該盤體具有一組設部及環繞該組設部之一容料部,所述容料空間係形成於該容料部上,該傾斜式飼料盤包含一固定組件,該固定組件包含一組接件、一固定鉤及一復位彈簧,該組接件係設置於該盤體的組設部,該固定鉤係能上下移動地穿設於該組接件並延伸至該座體底部,該復位彈簧係設置於該組接件內,且該復位彈簧的二端分別抵接該固定鉤及該組接件,飼育人員能透過按壓並旋轉該固定鉤,使該固定鉤能鉤住畜欄底部的承桿,使所述傾斜式飼料盤不易受到幼畜碰撞而翻倒。The tray body has a set of setting portions and a material holding portion surrounding the set of portions. The material holding space is formed on the material holding portion. The inclined feed tray includes a fixed component, and the fixed component includes A set of connecting pieces, a fixing hook and a return spring, the set of connecting pieces are arranged on the set part of the disc body, and the fixing hooks can pass through the set of moving pieces up and down and extend to the bottom of the base body The reset spring is arranged in the assembly, and the two ends of the reset spring abut the fixing hook and the assembly, respectively. The breeder can press and rotate the fixing hook to enable the fixing hook to catch. The supporting rod at the bottom of the corral makes the inclined feed tray not easy to fall over due to the collision of young animals.

請參閱圖1至圖3,為本創作傾斜式飼料盤之一種較佳實施例,其包含一盤體10及一座體20。Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, which is a preferred embodiment of the inclined feed tray, which includes a tray body 10 and a base body 20.

如圖1至圖3所示,該盤體10內部形成一開口朝上之容料空間11,其中,該盤體10具有一組設部12及環繞該組設部12之一容料部13,所述容料空間11係形成於該容料部13上,此外,該盤體10之組設部12形成一組設孔14,該組設孔14的孔壁上形成多數間隔排列之扣接槽15。As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, a material holding space 11 with an opening facing upward is formed inside the tray body 10, wherein the tray body 10 has a group of setting portions 12 and a material holding portion 13 surrounding the group of setting portions 12. The material-receiving space 11 is formed on the material-receiving portion 13. In addition, the set-up portion 12 of the plate body 10 forms a set of set-up holes 14, and the wall of the set-up set of holes 14 forms a plurality of spaced-apart buckles.接 槽 15。 Socket 15.

如圖2、圖3所示,該座體20係自該盤體10的底部向下延伸,並具有相對之一高端21及一低端22,該座體20的厚度係自該高端21朝該低端22方向遞減。As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the base 20 extends downward from the bottom of the disk body 10 and has a relatively high end 21 and a low end 22. The thickness of the base 20 is from the high end 21 toward The low end 22 decreases in direction.

如圖4、圖5、圖7所示,於本創作傾斜式飼料盤之另一較佳實施例中,該傾斜式飼料盤包含一固定組件30,該固定組件30包含一組接件31、一固定鉤32及一復位彈簧33,該組接件31係設置於該盤體10的組設部12,該固定鉤32係能上下移動地穿設於該組接件31並延伸至該座體20底部,該復位彈簧33係設置於該組接件31內,且該復位彈簧33的二端分別抵接該固定鉤32及該組接件31,其中,該固定組件30之組接件31外側形成複數扣接單元34,該組接件31係伸入該組接孔,且該複數扣接單元34係扣設於該組設孔14之扣接槽15中。As shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 5, and FIG. 7, in another preferred embodiment of the inclined feed tray of the present invention, the inclined feed tray includes a fixing component 30, and the fixing component 30 includes a set of connecting members 31, A fixing hook 32 and a return spring 33. The group connecting piece 31 is arranged on the setting part 12 of the plate body 10, and the fixing hook 32 is threaded through the group connecting piece 31 up and down and extends to the seat. At the bottom of the body 20, the return spring 33 is disposed in the assembly member 31, and two ends of the return spring 33 respectively abut the fixing hook 32 and the assembly member 31. Among them, the assembly member of the fixing assembly 30 A plurality of fastening units 34 are formed on the outer side of the group 31, the group of connecting members 31 is extended into the group of connecting holes, and the plurality of fastening units 34 are fastened in the fastening grooves 15 of the group of setting holes 14.

其中,如圖5、圖7所示,該固定鉤32具有一側向延伸之鉤部35以及一握持部36,該鉤部35係位於該固定鉤32的底端,該握持部36係位於該固定鉤32的頂端,該握持部36於對應該鉤部35延伸方向處凸伸形成一指向凸緣361。As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 7, the fixing hook 32 has a hook portion 35 extending laterally and a holding portion 36. The hook portion 35 is located at the bottom end of the fixing hook 32 and the holding portion 36. It is located at the top of the fixing hook 32. The holding portion 36 protrudes to form a pointing flange 361 corresponding to the extending direction of the hook portion 35.

再者,如圖6所示,該固定組件30能進一步包含一分隔件37,該分隔件37係設置於該組接件31上,且該分隔件37具有複數呈環狀間隔排列之分隔板片38,二相鄰之分隔板片38之間形成一區隔空間39。Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the fixing assembly 30 can further include a partition 37, which is disposed on the group of connecting members 31, and the partition 37 has a plurality of partitions arranged in a ring-shaped space. A partition space 39 is formed between the plate 38 and two adjacent partition plates 38.

如圖8、圖9所示,本創作傾斜式飼料盤能用以設置於幼畜的畜欄40內,並提供液態飼料50容置,使幼畜得以食用所述液態飼料50,其中,當在設置所述傾斜式飼料盤時,飼育人員能先將該盤體10置放於該畜欄40內,透過按壓並旋轉該固定組件30之固定鉤32的握持部36,使該固定鉤32向下穿過畜欄40底部並旋向畜欄40底部的承桿41,接著,飼育人員能放開該握持部36,該復位彈簧33會使該固定鉤32復位並勾住所述承桿41,此時,由於該座體20的厚度係自該高端21朝該低端22方向遞減,故所述飼料盤設置於該畜欄40內時,該盤體10整體會朝向該座體20之低端22方向傾斜,接著,飼育人員即可將液態飼料50倒入該盤體10的容料空間11內,供幼畜食用。As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the creative inclined feed tray can be used to be placed in the corral 40 of the young animals, and the liquid feed 50 can be provided to allow the young animals to consume the liquid feed 50. When setting the inclined feed tray, the breeder can first place the tray body 10 in the corral 40, and press and rotate the holding portion 36 of the fixing hook 32 of the fixing assembly 30 to make the fixing hook 32 passes downward through the bottom of the corral 40 and rotates to the supporting rod 41 at the bottom of the corral 40. Then, the breeder can release the holding portion 36, and the return spring 33 resets the fixing hook 32 and catches the support. At this time, since the thickness of the base 20 decreases from the high end 21 toward the low end 22, when the feed tray is set in the corral 40, the tray 10 as a whole will face the base. The direction of the low end 22 of the 20 is inclined, and then the breeder can pour the liquid feed 50 into the material holding space 11 of the tray 10 for the young animals to eat.

當幼畜於食用所述液態飼料50時,液態飼料50會集中於所述盤體10之容料空間11低處,能讓幼畜便於食用液態飼料50,且能減緩液態飼料50的水分散失速度,以避免病菌滋生。When the young animals are eating the liquid feed 50, the liquid feed 50 will be concentrated at the low position of the material holding space 11 of the tray 10, which will make it easier for the young animals to eat the liquid feed 50 and reduce the water dispersion loss of the liquid feed 50. Speed to avoid germs.

此外,所述固定組件30能將所述盤體10固定於畜欄40內,以避免幼畜在走動過程中碰撞或踢到所述盤體10而使內部的液態飼料50灑出,且能避免幼畜直接跨過或踩踏所述飼料盤,而影響衛生安全,另外,該固定鉤32之握持部36的指向凸緣361能提供飼育人員辨識該固定鉤32之鉤部35的朝向,使飼育人員在設置所述傾斜式飼料盤時能確實將所述固定鉤32之鉤部35鉤扣於處欄之承桿41上。In addition, the fixing assembly 30 can fix the tray body 10 in the corral 40 to prevent the young animals from colliding or kicking the tray body 10 during the walking process to spill the liquid feed 50 inside, and can To prevent the young animals from directly crossing or stepping on the feed tray, which affects the health and safety. In addition, the pointing flange 361 of the holding portion 36 of the fixing hook 32 can provide the breeder to identify the direction of the hook portion 35 of the fixing hook 32. The breeder can surely hook the hook portion 35 of the fixing hook 32 to the supporting post 41 of the side rail when setting the inclined feed tray.

再者,所述分隔件37能區隔幼畜,使幼畜能分別在每一區隔空間39中食用液態飼料50,能避免幼畜搶食而受傷。In addition, the partition 37 can separate the young animals, so that the young animals can eat the liquid feed 50 in each of the partition spaces 39, which can prevent the young animals from robbing and being injured.

綜上所述,本創作傾斜式飼料盤主要係藉由所述不等厚度的座體20,使該盤體10置放於地面上時能呈現朝該座體20之低端22方向傾斜的狀態,能使液態飼料50集中於該盤體10低處,不但能讓幼畜能便於食用,且能減緩液態飼料50的水分散失速度,進而避免病菌滋生。To sum up, the inclined feed tray of this creation mainly uses the base body 20 of unequal thickness to make the tray body 10 be inclined toward the lower end 22 of the base body 20 when it is placed on the ground. In the state, the liquid feed 50 can be concentrated at the low position of the tray 10, which not only makes it easy for young animals to eat, but also slows down the water dispersion loss of the liquid feed 50, thereby preventing the breeding of germs.

10‧‧‧盤體10‧‧‧ plate

11‧‧‧容料空間 11‧‧‧Capacity space

12‧‧‧組設部 12‧‧‧ Organization Department

13‧‧‧容料部 13‧‧‧Capacity Department

14‧‧‧組設孔 14‧‧‧ set holes

15‧‧‧扣接槽 15‧‧‧ buckle slot

20‧‧‧座體 20‧‧‧ seat

21‧‧‧高端 21‧‧‧High-end

22‧‧‧低端 22‧‧‧ Low-end

30‧‧‧固定組件 30‧‧‧Fixed components

31‧‧‧組接件 31‧‧‧Assembly

32‧‧‧固定鉤 32‧‧‧ fixed hook

33‧‧‧復位彈簧 33‧‧‧Return spring

34‧‧‧扣接單元 34‧‧‧ Fastening unit

35‧‧‧鉤部 35‧‧‧ Hook

36‧‧‧握持部 36‧‧‧ holding section

361‧‧‧指向凸緣 361‧‧‧ pointing flange

37‧‧‧分隔件 37‧‧‧ divider

38‧‧‧分隔板片 38‧‧‧ divider plate

39‧‧‧區隔空間 39‧‧‧ compartment

40‧‧‧畜欄 40‧‧‧Corral

41‧‧‧承桿 41‧‧‧ Pole

50‧‧‧液態飼料 50‧‧‧ liquid feed

圖1:為本創作傾斜式飼料盤之一種較佳實施例之立體外觀示意圖。
圖2:為圖1之另一角度之立體外觀示意圖。
圖3:為傾斜式飼料盤之一種較佳實施例之剖面示意圖。
圖4:為本創作傾斜式飼料盤之另一種較佳實施例之立體外觀示意圖。
圖5:為本創作傾斜式飼料盤之另一種較佳實施例之立體分解示意圖。
圖6:為本創作傾斜式飼料盤之另一種較佳實施例之俯視平面示意圖。
圖7:為本創作傾斜式飼料盤之另一種較佳實施例之剖面示意圖。
圖8:為本創作傾斜式飼料盤之另一種較佳實施例之設置於畜欄之示意圖。
圖9:為本創作傾斜式飼料盤之另一種較佳實施例之設置於畜欄之剖面示意圖。
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the creative inclined feed tray.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional appearance of FIG. 1 at another angle.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the inclined feed tray.
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of another preferred embodiment of the creative inclined feed tray.
FIG. 5 is a perspective exploded view of another preferred embodiment of the inclined feed tray of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic top plan view of another preferred embodiment of the creative inclined feed tray.
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another preferred embodiment of the creative inclined feed tray.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of an inclined feed tray set in a corral.
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another preferred embodiment of the creation of the inclined feed tray provided in the corral.

Claims (6)

一種傾斜式飼料盤,其包含:
一盤體,其內部形成一開口朝上之容料空間;以及
一座體,其係自該盤體的底部向下延伸,並具有相對之一高端及一低端,該座體的厚度係自該高端朝該低端方向遞減。
An inclined feed tray includes:
A tray body, the interior of which is formed with a material-holding space with an upward opening; and a body which extends downward from the bottom of the tray body and has a relatively high end and a low end, the thickness of the base body is from The high end decreases in the direction of the low end.
如請求項1所述之傾斜式飼料盤,其中該盤體具有一組設部及環繞該組設部之一容料部,所述容料空間係形成於該容料部上,該傾斜式飼料盤包含一固定組件,該固定組件包含一組接件、一固定鉤及一復位彈簧,該組接件係設置於該盤體的組設部,該固定鉤係能上下移動地穿設於該組接件並延伸至該座體底部,該復位彈簧係設置於該組接件內,且該復位彈簧的二端分別抵接該固定鉤及該組接件。The inclined feed tray according to claim 1, wherein the tray body has a set of setting portions and a holding portion surrounding the set of portions, and the holding space is formed on the holding portion. The feed tray includes a fixing component, the fixing component includes a set of connecting pieces, a fixing hook and a return spring. The set of connecting pieces is arranged on the assembly part of the tray body, and the fixing hook is capable of passing through the upper and lower parts. The assembly member extends to the bottom of the base body, the return spring is disposed in the assembly member, and two ends of the return spring abut the fixing hook and the assembly member respectively. 如請求項2所述之傾斜式飼料盤,其中該盤體之組設部形成一組設孔,該組設孔的孔壁上形成多數間隔排列之扣接槽,該固定組件之組接件外側形成複數扣接單元,該組接件係伸入該組接孔,且該複數扣接單元係扣設於該組設孔之扣接槽中。The inclined feed tray according to claim 2, wherein the set portion of the tray body forms a set of set holes, and the wall of the set set of holes forms a plurality of spaced-apart fastening grooves, and the assembly of the fixed component A plurality of fastening units are formed on the outer side, the group of connecting members is extended into the group of connecting holes, and the plurality of fastening units are fastened in the fastening grooves of the set of holes. 如請求項2所述之傾斜式飼料盤,其中該固定鉤具有一側向延伸之鉤部以及一握持部,該鉤部係位於該固定鉤的底端,該握持部係位於該固定鉤的頂端,該握持部於對應該鉤部延伸方向處凸伸形成一指向凸緣。The inclined feed tray according to claim 2, wherein the fixing hook has a hook portion extending sideways and a holding portion, the hook portion is located at the bottom end of the fixing hook, and the holding portion is located at the fixing At the top end of the hook, the holding portion protrudes to form a pointing flange corresponding to the extending direction of the hook portion. 如請求項3所述之傾斜式飼料盤,其中該固定鉤具有一側向延伸之鉤部以及一握持部,該鉤部係位於該固定鉤的底端,該握持部係位於該固定鉤的頂端,該握持部於對應該鉤部延伸方向處凸伸形成一指向凸緣。The inclined feed tray according to claim 3, wherein the fixing hook has a laterally extending hook portion and a holding portion, the hook portion is located at the bottom end of the fixing hook, and the holding portion is located at the fixing At the top end of the hook, the holding portion protrudes to form a pointing flange corresponding to the extending direction of the hook portion. 如請求項2至5中任一項所述之傾斜式飼料盤,其中該固定組件包含一分隔件,該分隔件係設置於該組接件上,且該分隔件具有複數呈環狀間隔排列之分隔板片,二相鄰之分隔板片之間形成一區隔空間。The inclined feed tray according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the fixed component includes a partition, the partition is provided on the set of connectors, and the partition has a plurality of annularly spaced arrangements A partition space is formed between two adjacent partition plates.
TW108208267U 2019-06-27 2019-06-27 Tilt feed tray TWM585488U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TW108208267U TWM585488U (en) 2019-06-27 2019-06-27 Tilt feed tray

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TW108208267U TWM585488U (en) 2019-06-27 2019-06-27 Tilt feed tray

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
TWM585488U true TWM585488U (en) 2019-11-01

Family

ID=69189286

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
TW108208267U TWM585488U (en) 2019-06-27 2019-06-27 Tilt feed tray

Country Status (1)

Country Link
TW (1) TWM585488U (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US10716288B2 (en) Animal food dispenser
US9713320B2 (en) Poultry feeder
US3661121A (en) Dog feeding apparatus
US20170112093A1 (en) Animal Feeding Dish To Control Rate of Food Consumption
US3774576A (en) Animal, bird or like cage
US3734062A (en) Non-spilling dish for dogs and the like
US3641983A (en) Antiblister cage mat and method for raising broilers
US8944007B2 (en) Mealworm feeder
US5381758A (en) Parrot tower
US11812730B1 (en) Animal feeder and method of use
US8186303B1 (en) Multiple station animal feeding apparatus
US10834894B2 (en) Animal feeder system and method of use
TWM585488U (en) Tilt feed tray
CA1077789A (en) Food holder for small animals
US20170035023A1 (en) Gravity Fed Animal Feeder
US3738324A (en) Grill and guard arrangement for poultry feed troughs
US9265237B2 (en) Bird feeder with moveable shield
EP3282831B1 (en) Housing cage for laboratory animals
KR200460790Y1 (en) The cat house
US3641984A (en) Adjustable dog collar
US10602857B1 (en) Secondary tray apparatus for high chairs
KR102461884B1 (en) Tableware system customized for pets
US3180319A (en) Hog trough
US20170231191A1 (en) Multifunctional intelligent feeding control device
CN218604475U (en) Poultry is with pig manger of being convenient for clearance