TWM583485U - Positive pressure and active crankcase ventilation system of reciprocating engine - Google Patents

Abstract

This creation relates to a blow-by system for the crankcase of a reciprocating engine. The specific application is the reciprocating movement of a piston to change the volume of the crankcase. This creation provides a crankcase intake and exhaust system that mixes fresh air or air with a combustion-supporting agent or Oxygen-enriched air treated with an oxygen separation membrane, etc. is injected into the crankcase to accelerate the blow-out of the crankcase, which can improve the performance of the internal combustion engine and reduce exhaust emissions. The gap between the cylinder wall of the reciprocating engine and the piston ring reciprocates in the piston. At this time, the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder at the top of the piston or the high-pressure exhaust gas formed by combustion will enter the crankcase through the gap between the cylinder wall and the piston piston ring. When the oil is heated, volatiles are generated, and the gas that escapes into the crankcase contains different pollutants. To accelerate the cracking of engine oil, this creation uses the volume change of the crankcase to generate a one-way positive pressure scavenging effect, and injects fresh air mixture to promote the elimination of harmful gases from the crankcase, which greatly reduces the operating efficiency and exhaust emissions of the internal combustion engine.

Description

Positive pressure introduction of reciprocating engine into active crankcase blow-by system

This creation is about a reciprocating engine air intake system and a crankcase blow-by system, which can improve the intake efficiency of the internal combustion engine and accelerate the recovery of harmful blow-by gas from the crankcase. It can effectively improve combustion and energy efficiency. It helps to increase power, save fuel consumption and reduce the content of harmful substances in exhaust gas, thereby achieving the purpose of improving performance, energy saving and carbon reduction.

Reciprocating engines use air and fuel in the cylinder to mix and ignite. The explosion generates thrust and generates power for the up and down movement of the piston. Modern reciprocating engines, especially four-stroke engines, are designed with a PCV valve system to eliminate crankcases due to environmental requirements. Blow out air and introduce it into the cylinder for combustion. The current design method of the PCV valve system is mainly composed of a vent pipe installed in the intake pipe, which is connected to the valve chamber cover, which is equipped with a PCV check valve or The oil and gas separator is connected to the intake manifold at the rear end of the throttle valve. The negative pressure of the intake manifold is used to suck the blow-by gas. This design has been lacking for a long time. The internal volume of the valve compartment space during engine operation is mainly It is fresh air from the intake duct. Due to the specific gravity of the blow-by gas mixture being greater than that of the intake duct, a large amount of blow-by gas is stored in the lower part of the reciprocating engine, which cannot be effectively eliminated. When the engine speed increases, the throttle valve opens. When increasing, the pressure difference between the intake pipe at the front end of the throttle and the intake manifold at the rear end of the throttle is not large, which makes the vacuum of the intake manifold decrease, and the pressure is reduced by the PCV valve. Decrease the amount of suction, relative to the valve operating chamber cover and the intake duct of the air circulation flow is not, this is provided After the engine speed is increased, the crankcase blow-by gas cannot be effectively purged when the engine blow-by gas is increased. The blow-by gas is the main cause of the rapid cracking of the engine oil. Oil cracking means that the wear of the parts also increases. Increased engine maintenance costs and waste engine oil pollution. In view of today's various reciprocating engine manufacturers, this PCV valve design is used as a crankcase air leakage system. There is no leakage in any of the known engine electronic injection control systems. The sensor or device that monitors the composition or content of gas, so the effect of air leakage on the combustion of the engine is also in an uncontrollable condition. A new and effective method is needed to improve the efficiency of the engine and the pollution emissions in the exhaust gas. .

At present, the widely used PCV valve system design is more unfavorable to turbo or supercharged reciprocating engines. Today, reciprocating engines are equipped with intake superchargers to increase the intake volume efficiency. Fuel engines are designed with turbocharging or mechanical boosting. For the pressure leaker, in the blow-by gas recovery system, the PCV valve body and the connecting pipe are provided at the inlet of the supercharger, and the vent pipe is provided between the intake manifold and the valve chamber cover. The compression engine has a low compression ratio, which makes the engine low-speed intake efficiency is low, the intake manifold negative pressure is insufficient, and the leakage efficiency of the blow-by gas is poor. The low negative pressure suction causes a partial vacuum to form in the crankcase and the valve chamber, and the engine oil is easily taken into the intake duct. When the supercharger reaches the relief pressure, the manifold pressure will rise above the crankcase pressure, and more It is not conducive to the elimination of blow-by gas, the crankcase pressure increases, the oil is more likely to escape into the combustion chamber and burn, which increases the oil consumption. The oil entering the combustion chamber also increases the engine carbon deposit and exhaust pollutants. It is a diesel engine. It is mainly used in industrial machinery, vehicles, and transportation. The cylinder has a large exhaust gas volume and a high compression ratio. The blow-by gas volume is often several times higher than that of a gasoline engine. The diesel fuel has a long hydrocarbon chain structure. Incompletely burned pollutants are also high. Diesel engines are mainly used in industrial machinery, vehicles, ships, generators, etc. In recent years, the main source of PM particulate pollution has been, Coming from a widely used diesel engine, diesel engines are designed with an EGR exhaust gas recovery system, so that the intake passage is often severely blocked due to incomplete combustion of carbon particles, making maintenance and repair work difficult, and increasing engine failure. Factors, high-temperature working cycles form high-emission nitrogen oxides NOx, and incompletely burned carbon particles PM. To improve pollutants, urea aqueous solution must be added and injected into the exhaust pipe to neutralize the nitrogen oxide NOx. The exhaust pipe At the outlet of the muffler, a micro-carbon filter device DPF is required to filter the discharged carbon particles. In order to reduce emissions, diesel engines need to be designed with many exhaust gas reduction devices, resulting in a great waste of resources and an increase in vehicle operation and maintenance costs. PM suspended particles in the air produce carcinogens to the human body, invade the food chain in the environment, become permanent damage, and reduce fuel engine pollution is a major environmental problem that is urgently needed to be solved in countries around the world.

Another type of crankcase air leakage system design is common in motorcycle (referring to widely used small power) engines. Generally, motorcycle engines only have a vent tube connected to the air filter in the valve cover. The air filter design is a simple The oil and gas separation structure, the design of the single pipe on the valve chamber cover also makes the crankcase suction and exhaust gas when the piston moves up and down, only through one pipe for suction and discharge, motorcycle engines are generally designed with a higher operating speed Generally, it is 90,000RPM-15000RPM. This type of blow-by system is designed to make the lower part of the motorcycle engine piston, the back pressure in the crankcase is seriously disturbed, and the positive and negative pressure is generated when the piston inside the crankcase is reciprocated. The excessive positive pressure causes the oil to be squeezed. Enter the piston-cylinder clearance, enter the combustion chamber to form a loss of oil, increase the amount of air leakage caused by negative pressure, and increase vibration. Especially for motorcycles with fewer cylinders and smaller crankcase volumes, higher idle speeds need to be adjusted so that Fuel consumption and engine wear increase during idling. This design is even more difficult to eliminate crankcase air leakage. Today motorcycles account for The first place with the total amount, the environmental problems that cause air pollution are serious problems in areas where motorcycles are the main means of transportation, and an effective method for solving pollution is even more needed.

There is another deficiency in the PCV crankcase blow-by gas system designed by today's internal combustion engines. The crankcase blow-by gas component is a mixture of various oil and gas mixtures or carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, etc. produced by combustion, and its specific gravity is far greater than that of the fresh intake manifold. Air, according to the specific gravity principle of physics, the blow-by gas has a tendency to deposit downward, and it is easy to be mixed into the engine oil of the crankcase. In view of the lack of current engine design, a new technology is needed to increase the efficiency of crankcase scavenging. Internal combustion engine efficiency, reduction of engine oil degradation, and significant reduction of harmful gas emissions. In the current situation where fuel vehicles cannot be eliminated significantly, improving exhaust emissions from fuel engines and reducing environmental load are extremely important issues.

The PCV crankcase blow-by system designed for today's internal combustion engines uses negative pressure suction to remove blow-by gas, resulting in increased oil consumption. The components of the blow-by gas have a higher concentration than the exhaust pipe. The hydrocarbons HC and carbon monoxide CO are unburned materials in a high temperature and anoxic state. The high temperature promotes the evaporation of a large amount of oil mist in the crankcase. In the engine operating conditions, for example, when a sudden acceleration or deceleration or the supercharger is actuated sharply, a large negative pressure vacuum is generated, and the oil mist is attracted into the intake duct, so that the throttle in the intake duct, the intake manifold, The intake valve forms a solid carbide deposit, which also pollutes the spark plug and the catalytic converter (three-way blowing catalyst). The carbon deposit in the engine causes the intake efficiency, ignition efficiency, and catalytic converter to fail to achieve the ideal operating conditions. The engine Carbon deposits also cause malfunctions, increasing maintenance and maintenance difficulties, oil deterioration and wear of the parts, and the service life of the engine is affected.

Reciprocating engines, especially four-stroke fuel engines, work in four cycles of intake, compression, power, and exhaust. Only one intake stroke intake valve is open. When the intake stroke ends, the intake valve The closed air flows according to the fluid inertia and viscous force. When the valve is closed instantly, a compression wave is formed. This is called the water hammer effect on the liquid. This compression wave travels back and forth at the speed of sound in the intake duct. Oscillation. Regardless of whether the internal combustion engine is designed as a single-cylinder or multi-cylinder design, this oscillating wave affects the next time or the intake of other cylinders. It also makes the one-way flow design. The PCV valve opened by negative pressure is reduced due to vacuum. When closed, the intake valve is opened during the intake stroke, the piston moves downward, and the internal volume of the combustion chamber cylinder is increased to a negative pressure state. Therefore, the minimum blow-by gas escaped from the gap between the cylinder wall and the piston ring, and the compression, power, and exhaust are also minimized. During the operating stroke of these three reciprocating engines, the intake valve is closed, and the internal pressure of the combustion chamber cylinders of these three strokes is high pressure or positive pressure, so there is a large amount of blow-by gas that escapes. A large amount of blow-by gas during the operation stroke is generated during the closing period of the intake valve. It is impossible to effectively recover the blow-by gas by relying only on the negative pressure of the intake stroke. At present, any four-stroke engine design uses a PCV valve system. Those who recover the crankcase blow-by gas or similar structure have not injected air or air combustion agent mixture scavenging from under the crankcase to increase the crankcase exhaust gas recovery and recombustion efficiency.

This creation applies a four-stroke internal combustion engine compression and exhaust stroke. The crankcase volume increases when the piston moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center to form a negative pressure. The crankcase is designed with an air intake duct structure to introduce fresh air or air-fuel mixture. (Hereinafter referred to as air mixture), when the intake and power stroke piston moves from top dead center to bottom dead point, the volume of the crankcase decreases to form a positive pressure, and the newly introduced air mixture is mixed with the blow-by gas and pushed. The air outlet pipe structure is arranged at an appropriate position on the upper part of the engine, and the air outlet pipe is connected to the intake manifold at the rear end of the throttle by a pipe. This pulsating pressure is generated by the piston movement and becomes a pushing force. The inlet and exhaust valves or similar structures of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe at the upper part of the engine control the airflow to be a one-way scavenging air. The fresh air mixture entering from the lower part of the crankcase can blow the leaked air with a higher specific gravity quickly. It is sent out from the air outlet pipe of the engine, and the blow-by gas can be efficiently and continuously introduced into the intake manifold to enter the combustion chamber. This method is not affected by the intake pulse at the intake end of the engine. Forming moment when vacuum suction or negative pressure changes affect, can greatly reduce the speed variation of the engine load, the machine The shortcomings of oil brought into the intake manifold form a cooling effect on the crankcase engine oil. It also reduces the high temperature volatilization and degradation factors of the engine oil, enables the oil to be more stable for lubrication and heat dissipation, and reduces the accumulation of carbonization on the surface of the machine. Condition is the most effective way to solve the lack of current reciprocating internal engine design.

This creation introduces fresh air mixture into the crankcase. By the effect of low temperature gas in physics, high temperature gas rises, the higher temperature blow-by gas is squeezed into the upper part of the engine by the injected low temperature air mixture, and all Engine structure design The intake manifold valve mechanism is located at the upper end. The fresh air mixture enters to increase the oxygen content of the crankshaft blow-by gas. The cooling effect of the air mixture can reduce the oil temperature. The fresh air mixture scavenging can reduce carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and The high-temperature water and gas are brought into the combustion chamber, which greatly improves the intrusion of pollutants into the engine oil. The effective recovery of blow-by gas can greatly reduce fuel consumption. According to actual use, it can improve fuel consumption by about 10% to 30% and reduce exhaust emissions by about 20% ~ 40%, extended oil life.

This creation is used in fuel engines, especially diesel engines with high pollution. Due to the fuel and engine characteristics, the blow-by gas of diesel engines has a high pollution to the oil and exhaust emissions. Modern direct-injection turbocharged diesel engines have throttle adjustment after starting. In the fully open state, the fuel injection amount is used to control the speed change. In addition, EGR exhaust gas recirculation is also installed. The PCV blow-by gas system wants to use the differential pressure between the air pipe and the PCV valve to eliminate the blow-by gas. With the The increasing demand for high-power engines has increased the pressure value of the supercharger, which has also increased the amount of air leakage in the crankcase. In addition, diesel engines are designed with an EGR exhaust recovery system. Incomplete combustion of carbon particles forms a serious blockage, high-temperature working cycles form high emissions of nitrogen oxides NOx, and a large number of incompletely burned suspended micro-carbon particles PM are produced. To improve pollutants in the exhaust gas, urea aqueous solution must be added to the exhaust The air pipe is used to neutralize nitrogen oxides, and a micro carbon filter device DPF is installed to filter the discharged carbon particles. In order to reduce emissions, diesel engines need to be designed and installed. A device with multiple exhaust gas reductions increases operating costs and maintenance costs. This creation can be injected into the crankcase with air and a mixture of combustion promoters or catalysts. The air mixture is mixed with fresh air and injected into the crankcase with oxygen or fluorine compounds or alcohols. The air mixture can use an oxygen separation membrane or a nitrogen separation membrane device to increase the oxygen content of the injected air mixture. With the scavenging effect described in this creation, the air mixture is pushed to the intake duct, which can greatly reduce the intake air temperature. The mixture can clean the carbon deposits in the pipeline and keep the pipeline clean. The mixture has a high oxygen content, which can better diesel combustion, lower the combustion temperature and reduce nitrogen oxides, and the carbon particles that are not completely combusted can be greatly reduced. The injection air mixer device is simple in construction and does not require complicated control devices, which can reduce maintenance costs. The functions described in this creation are suitable for application to engine designs using different fuels, and all can effectively improve the efficiency of the blow-by system.

This creation is used in motorcycle engines or industrial power engines, especially small engines with a small number of cylinders and a small crankcase volume. When this type of engine is designed with reciprocating pistons, the crankcase has a large pulsating pressure due to the small crankcase volume, and the crankcase The blow-by air is only provided with a vent tube in the valve compartment cover or the engine has no blow-by air designer. This creation can reduce the crankcase chamber piston back pressure (referring to positive and negative pressure), reduce the pressure of the oil into the combustion chamber, and can greatly reduce Idle speed design, the engine running vibration is reduced, the fuel consumption is greatly reduced, the blow-by gas can effectively scavenge and exhaust the combustion, and the exhaust gas emissions after combustion are more environmentally friendly. Single-cylinder motorcycles account for most of the mainstream market. The existing single-cylinder motorcycle idle speed design is about 1600RPM-1800RPM, using the design of this creation, can reduce the idle speed by about 200RPM-300RPM, and the engine runs well, the oil consumption is greatly reduced, the engine power output can be increased by 10% -20%, and the fuel consumption is 10% ~ 20%, the exhaust gas emission value can be improved by 30% ~ 40%. Vehicles, can be improved to meet the sixth emission standards or more stringent emissions standards.

In this creation, the crankcase introduces fresh air mixture to make the crankcase produce a one-way intake and exhaust effect. In a four-stroke cycle, each reciprocating movement of the piston performs the role of sucking in and pumping out air to blow off the mixed gas. This effect forms Boost the intake manifold, especially when the intake stroke intake valve is opened, the positive pressure mixed blow-by gas is pushed out by the piston down the crankcase, which is beneficial to the intake efficiency and helps the blow-by gas to be recovered to the combustion chamber. It completely improves the shortcomings of the current PCV blow-by gas system. In this creation, the air mixing device can be injected with oxygen-containing combustion promoters and carbon removal agents. Oxygen separation membranes or nitrogen separation membranes can be used. These two membranes are used for isolation. A polymer membrane of oxygen and nitrogen. Separating the oxygen from nitrogen through the diaphragm can obtain a higher concentration of oxygen. The oxygen is added to the crankcase. It is a safe, environmentally friendly and simple device. Compared with the urea injection system, air is available at any time. , Engine equipment tools or vehicles, oxygen-enriched gas separation membrane, can be more simple and economical application, this creation can be used in any form of fuel reciprocating engine, has a wide The economic and environmental benefits.

1-1‧‧‧Air intake stroke

1-2‧‧‧Compression stroke

1-3‧‧‧Power Stroke

1-4‧‧‧Exhaust stroke

11‧‧‧ intake manifold

12‧‧‧Air inlet valve

13‧‧‧Exhaust valve

14‧‧‧ exhaust manifold

15‧‧‧ cylinder block

16‧‧‧cylinder combustion chamber

17‧‧‧Piston

18‧‧‧ crankcase

19‧‧‧Outlet pipeline structure

20‧‧‧Intake duct structure

01‧‧‧leak

02‧‧‧Air or air combustion agent mixture

31‧‧‧Air Screening Program

32‧‧‧air flow meter

33‧‧‧air line

34‧‧‧ throttle

35‧‧‧ intake manifold

36‧‧‧Air inlet valve

37‧‧‧ blow-by gas outlet pipe

38‧‧‧ One-way valve device for gas outlet pipe

39‧‧‧ Valve cover

40‧‧‧ exhaust valve

41‧‧‧Exhaust Manifold

42‧‧‧Air Screening Program

43‧‧‧Air mixed injection pipe

44‧‧‧Engine cylinder block

45‧‧‧Piston

46‧‧‧ connecting rod

47‧‧‧Crankcase

48‧‧‧Air injection check valve device

49‧‧‧engine oil pan

01‧‧‧leak

02‧‧‧Air or air combustion agent mixture

50‧‧‧Air Screening Program

51‧‧‧air flow meter

52‧‧‧ rear air line of supercharger

53‧‧‧ throttle

54‧‧‧ intake manifold

55‧‧‧ Leakage gas outlet pipe, paragraph 1

56‧‧‧ Leaked gas outlet pipe, paragraph 2

57‧‧‧Pipe check valve device

58‧‧‧valve cover

59‧‧‧Exhaust valve

60‧‧‧Exhaust Manifold

61‧‧‧Piston

62‧‧‧ connecting rod

63‧‧‧Crankcase

64‧‧‧air booster

65‧‧‧ Supercharger front line

66‧‧‧Air Screening Program

68‧‧‧Air mixed gas injection pipe

69‧‧‧Air injection check valve device

70‧‧‧engine oil pan

71‧‧‧Pipe check valve device

Figure 1 Operation diagram of reciprocating engine

Figure 2 Structure of a naturally aspirated engine

Figure 3 Structure of an intake supercharged engine

The following embodiments of this creation are exemplary, and are not intended to limit this creation, or its application or use. It can be widely understood that corresponding figures or signs throughout the drawings, and the chemical substances used represent the same or equivalent Components and structural features.

Reciprocating internal combustion engine (such as the representative representative figure 1) moves up and down the piston At the same time, in addition to the positive and negative pressure generated by the cylinder combustion chamber 16 on the top of the piston due to the volume change, the pressure and volume changes are also generated on the crankcase 18 below the piston. Therefore, the positive and negative pressure generated by this volume change can be used to transport the gas. As an exemplary working principle of the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a one-way air intake duct structure 20 is provided at an appropriate position below the crankcase 18. The air intake duct structure 20 introduces a filtered fresh air or an air-fuel mixture (hereinafter referred to as Air mixture), and a unidirectional air outlet pipe structure 19 is provided at an appropriate place above the crankcase 18, and the air outlet pipe structure 19 may also be provided at an appropriate position in the engine that communicates with the crankcase or a valve chamber cover, and the air outlet pipe structure 19 is connected To the intake manifold 11 of the internal combustion engine, the piston 17 moves downwards during the 1-1 intake stroke, which reduces the volume of the crankcase and forms a positive pressure. The blow-by gas is pushed to the intake manifold 11 by the one-way exhaust pipe structure 19 When the 1-2 compression stroke, the piston 17 moves upwards and the volume of the crankcase 18 increases, forming a negative pressure. At this time, fresh air is sucked in by the lower intake pipe structure 20 times. When the 1-3 power stroke The plug 17 moves downward, and the volume of the crankcase 18 decreases to form a positive pressure. The blow-by gas is again pushed by the outlet pipe structure 19 to the intake manifold 11. When the 1-4 exhaust stroke, the piston 17 moves the volume of the crankcase 18 upward. Increased to form a negative pressure. At this time, fresh air is sucked in again by the air intake duct structure 20 below. Therefore, in a complete cycle of the reciprocating internal combustion engine, the crankcase 18 has two intakes and two exhausts each, which causes air leakage in the engine. It can be completely exhausted, and the air mixture also absorbs heat, forming a boost for the engine to continue to dissipate heat.

As described in the exemplary embodiment, a check valve, a check valve or a one-way diaphragm or any of the same functional structures is provided in the intake pipe structure 20, and the gas flow direction is from the outside of the crankcase 18, so only air is allowed. The mixed gas enters the crankcase 18, and the blow-by gas is blocked from being discharged. The interface between the intake pipe structure 20 and the crankcase 18 needs to be set higher than the oil level of the engine oil to avoid air mixture injection. When entering, the engine oil will form bubbles, and the oil pump will form an air lock to affect the oil transmission and lubrication. A check valve, a check valve or a one-way diaphragm or any of the same functional structure is set in the air outlet pipeline structure 19, and the gas flow direction is From the crankcase 18 to the outside, only the blow-by gas is allowed to escape and the blow-by gas return flow is blocked. The unidirectional structure of the inlet and outlet pipe structure 19 and the inlet pipe structure 20 makes the airflow direction be a single direction, and the outlet pipe structure 19 The outlet is arranged on the upper part of the crankcase or the valve chamber cover or according to the design of the engine block. An oil-gas separation device or any of the same functional structures is provided in the outlet pipe structure 19 to prevent the oil mist from being sucked into the intake manifold 11. When the inlet and outlet pipe structure 19 and the inlet pipe structure 20 of this creation cooperate with the internal combustion engine engine, fresh low-temperature air mixture can be continuously injected into the crankcase 18, and the unit generated by the hot and cold air lifting cycle and the reciprocating movement of the piston 17 Sweep air pressure to pulsate, so that blow-by gas is discharged into intake manifold 11 and introduced into the combustion chamber for secondary combustion. Up operation which will be sustained and effective impact blow-scavenging function, and not the intake manifold pressure fluctuations.

This creative exemplary embodiment is applied to a naturally aspirated engine (such as the representative representative figure 2), and the second figure is a structure diagram of a conventional reciprocating four-stroke engine. When the point moves to the top dead point, the inner volume of the crankcase 47 increases to form a negative pressure, so that air enters the air filter 42 mixing device, which can filter the air and mix the appropriate proportion of oxygen-containing combustion promoter (the air filtering mixing device can be Oxygen or nitrogen separation membrane), which can increase the oxygen content. The air or air oxidant mixture 02 flows through the air injection pipe 43 through the air injection check valve device 48 and enters the crankcase 47. After the air mixture is injected into the crankcase, the piston 45 starts from the top When the dead point moves to the bottom dead point of the engine, the inner volume of the crankcase 47 decreases to form a positive Pressure, the air mixture pushes the blow-by gas to the upper part of the engine, and is discharged into the blow-by gas outlet pipe 37 through the check valve device 38 of the outlet pipe provided at the upper part of the engine, and the blow-by gas mixture enters the intake manifold 35, and the engine runs The air-air mixture is continuously injected into the crankcase 47, and the blow-by gas is pushed to the upper part of the engine, and is discharged from the check valve device 38 of the outlet pipe to form a one-way intake and exhaust scavenging system.

This creative exemplary embodiment is applied to a supercharged intake engine (such as the representative representative figure 3). Figure 3 is a structure diagram of a conventional reciprocating four-stroke supercharged engine. When the engine is running normally, the supercharger Before the piston 61 is moved, when the piston 61 moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, the inner volume of the crankcase 63 increases to form a negative pressure, so that air enters the air filter 66 mixing device, which can filter the air and mix the appropriate proportion of oxygen-containing combustion Agent (the air filtering and mixing device can be an oxygen separation membrane), which can increase the oxygen content. The air or air combustion agent mixture 02 flows through the air mixer injection pipe 68 through the air injection check valve device 69 and enters the crankcase 63. The air mixture After injection into the crankcase, when the piston 61 moves to the bottom dead center of the engine, the internal volume of the crankcase 63 decreases to form a positive pressure, and the mixed gas will push the blow-by gas to the upper part of the engine, and the pipe check valve device 57 provided on the upper part of the engine will It is discharged into the second section 56 of the blow-by gas outlet pipe. The blow-by gas mixture enters the intake manifold 54. The air mixture is continuously injected into the crankcase 63 while the engine is running, and the blow-by gas is pushed. An upper portion of the engine, the outlet from the discharge conduit check valve device 57, forming a one-way intake and exhaust scavenging system.

Figure 3 is a structure diagram of a conventional reciprocating four-stroke supercharged engine. When the supercharger is activated during normal operation of the engine, the piston 61 moves from bottom dead center to top dead center, and the inner volume of the crankcase 63 increases to form a negative pressure. Allows air to enter the air filter 66 mixing unit, which filters the air Gas and mix the appropriate proportion of oxygen-containing oxidant (the air filter mixing device can be an oxygen or nitrogen separation membrane) to increase the oxygen content. The air or air oxidant mixture 02 flows through the air mixer injection pipe 68 through the air injection unidirectional The valve device 69 enters the crankcase 63. After the air mixture is injected into the crankcase, when the piston 61 moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center of the engine, the inner volume of the crankcase 63 decreases to form a positive pressure, and the mixed gas will blow the leaked air to the upper part of the engine. Pushed, the one-way valve device 71 installed in the upper part of the engine is discharged into the first section 55 of the blow-by gas outlet pipe, and the blow-by gas mixture enters the supercharger front line 65, and the supercharger will blow the blow-by gas mixture. The supercharger rear air line 52 enters the intake manifold 54 through the throttle valve 53. During the operation of the engine, the air mixture is continuously injected into the crankcase 63, and the blow-by gas is pushed to the upper part of the engine, and is discharged from the pipe check valve device 71 To form a one-way intake and exhaust scavenging system.

According to the foregoing, in the exemplary embodiment representative figure 3, the inlet air inlet duct at the front end of the supercharger and the inlet manifold at the rear end of the supercharger have the first blowout gas outlet pipe 55 and the blown air outlet pipe, respectively. The purpose of the second stage 56 two sets of circuits is that when the turbocharger is not activated, the blow-by gas enters the intake manifold 54 through the rear-end air line 52 of the supercharger and is introduced into the combustion chamber for combustion. When the supercharger is activated At this time, the negative pressure of the front end of the turbocharger is large, and the blow-by gas is introduced from the front end of the turbocharger. At this time, the check valve device 57 of the rear-end pipeline is closed due to the increase of the manifold pressure, and only the front-end blow-by gas outlet pipe is in the first stage. 55 has a blow-by air flow, this way can make the supercharger engine in different operating conditions, can reliably recover the crankcase blow-by air.

In an exemplary embodiment, an oxygen separation membrane or a nitrogen separation membrane device is used to increase the oxygen content. The oxygen separation membrane or the nitrogen separation membrane is a conventional air treatment device that can generate oxygen-enriched air. This type of air filter mixing device is implemented The method is to include an air compressor and The air filter dewaterer uses a mechanical or electronic air compressor to filter the compressed air to remove water and send it to a gas storage container. The gas storage container is connected to an oxygen separation membrane device (or nitrogen separation membrane), and then Oxygen-enriched air is connected to the air-mixed air intake pipe through a gas explosion-proof valve. Oxygen-enriched air can be injected into the crankcase to improve combustion efficiency. There is no leakage of air in the conventional electronic injection control system of any engine. The sensor or device that monitors the composition or content, so the effect of blow-by gas on the combustion of the engine is also under uncontrollable conditions. The component of blow-by gas has a higher concentration of hydrocarbons HC and carbon monoxide than the exhaust pipe. Unburned materials in an oxygen-depleted state, a large amount of oil mist in the blow-by gas volatilized, causing the throttles, intake manifolds, and intake valves in the intake pipes to form solid carbide deposits, and also polluted the spark plugs and catalysts. The converter (three-way blowing catalyst) injects oxygen-enriched air into the crankcase, and the oxygen molecules and CO are quickly combined to prevent non-combustible materials from reacting with the engine oil and deteriorating the engine oil. In order to use the exhaust pollution control system after the combustion of the engine, it is only a treatment of the symptoms, which has extremely harmful effects on the environment and the engine. This creation has been optimized and improved before the combustion of the engine to minimize the amount of pollutants. And to optimize the fuel efficiency of the engine is the correct way to fundamentally solve the source of pollution.

Claims (13)

A positive pressure introduction active crankcase blow-by system and an engine air intake system of a reciprocating engine include: an engine, and an intake opening below the crankcase structure of the engine is higher than the upper limit of the oil level of the engine; Air system structure and air inlet connection pipe, a check valve structure is installed in the air inlet connection pipe, and the air inlet system structure is provided with an air filtering device or an air-combustion agent mixing device or an oxygen separation membrane device (hereinafter referred to as air Mixing device) and communicate with the atmospheric environment, combined into a positive pressure into the air mixing gas injection end of the active crankcase blow-by system, after the air mixture is injected into the crankcase, the crankcase blow-by air and the air mixture outlet end, The exhaust opening is located above the engine and communicates with the crankcase. The exhaust opening is connected to an exhaust system structure and an exhaust connection pipe. The exhaust system structure is provided with an oil-gas separation device. Directional valve structure, the exhaust connection pipeline communicates with the engine intake system pipeline, so that the blow-by gas is discharged into the engine intake manifold and into the combustion chamber. When the engine is running, the air mixture can be continuously injected from the opening below the crankcase, and the crankcase blows air in a one-way positive pressure cycle, and is discharged into the intake manifold through the upper air outlet of the engine, which runs throughout the engine. Medium and positive pressure is introduced into the active crankcase blow-by system, which can operate stably and continuously regardless of changes in engine load conditions, and is not affected by fluctuations in the intake manifold pressure. As described in patent application range 1, a reciprocating engine is introduced into the positive crankcase blow-by system and the engine air intake system with positive pressure. The reciprocating engine may be an engine using any fuel. As described in the patent application scope 1, a reciprocating engine is introduced into the positive crankcase blow-by system and the engine air intake system with positive pressure. The reciprocating engine may be a naturally aspirated or an intake supercharged engine. As described in patent application range 1, a reciprocating engine with positive pressure is introduced into the active crankcase blow-by system and the engine air intake system, where the intake opening of the crankcase above the upper limit of the oil level of the oil can be set in the crankcase, the engine cylinder At the body or oil pan, the oil dipstick tube can also be used as the intake opening. As described in the patent application scope 1, a reciprocating engine positive pressure introduction active crankcase air leakage system and engine air intake system, wherein the air intake system structure air mixing device may be an engine air filter or an additional air filter . As described in patent application 1, a reciprocating engine with positive pressure is introduced into the active crankcase blow-by system and the engine air intake system. Among them, the air intake system is structured with a mixture of air and combustion aid. A pneumatic pulsation pump and a duct Effect or mechanical pump, electronic pump will add the combustion promoter in the proper proportion into the mixed air mixture. As described in the patent application 1, a reciprocating engine with positive pressure is introduced into the active crankcase blow-by system and the engine air intake system. Among them, the air intake system is structured with a mixture of air and combustion aid, which can use electronic injectors or mechanical The fuel injection nozzle sprays the combustion aid into the air mixture. As described in patent application range 1, a reciprocating engine with positive pressure is introduced into the active crankcase blow-by system and the engine air intake system. Among them, the air intake system structure is an air mixing device. An oxygen separation membrane or nitrogen separation membrane can be used. After the air passes through the oxygen separation membrane, high oxygen-containing air is formed to facilitate the combustion of the exhaust gas. As described in the patent application 1, a reciprocating engine is introduced into the positive crankcase blow-by system and the engine air intake system with positive pressure. The check valve structure in the intake connection pipe and exhaust connection pipe can be It is a throttle check valve, a one-way valve or a one-way diaphragm or any of the same functional structures. As described in the patent application 1, a reciprocating engine is introduced into the positive crankcase blow-by system and the engine air intake system with positive pressure. The check valve structure in the intake connection pipe and exhaust connection pipe can be It is a venturi, mechanical or electronic valve. As described in the patent application scope 1, a reciprocating engine is introduced into the positive crankcase blow-by system and the engine air intake system with positive pressure. The combustion accelerator can be a solvent or compound containing oxygen molecules, a fluorine compound, an engine decarbonizer, Carbon deposit cleaning agent. As described in patent application range 1, a reciprocating engine positive pressure introduction active crankcase air leakage system and engine air intake system, in which an oxygen separation membrane device or a nitrogen separation membrane or an ozone generator are equipped with a mechanical or electronic type An air compression device and an air storage device. The air storage device is provided with a safety pressure relief valve and an automatic drainage device. As described in the patent application scope 1, a reciprocating engine positive pressure introduction active crankcase air leakage system and engine air intake system, which is equipped with a combustion promoter mixing device and an oxygen separation membrane device or an ozone generator, and is connected to the intake air. Explosion-proof valves have been added to the pipeline or the combustion-aid pipeline and the oxygen pipeline to prevent tempering.