TWM577183U - Apparatus for controlling the electrical connection and disconnection between a battery unit and a supercapacitor on an automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

A apparatus is proposed for controlling the electrical connection and disconnection between a battery unit and a supercapacitor on an automobile with the objective of preventing the electrical connection between the battery unit and the supercapacitor from being exceedingly long that would otherwise cause degraded power supply performance or even damage to the battery unit due to the self-discharging property of the supercapacitor. This feature can help to improve the power supply performance and extends the battery life. The proposed apparatus is characterized by the steps that the supercapacitor is electrically connected to the battery unit only at a temporal point when there is a need to use the supercapacitor, and immediately disconnected from the supercapacitor whenever there is no more need to use the supercapacitor.

Description

Electrical connection control device between vehicle battery and super capacitor

The present invention relates to a battery power supply technology for a vehicle, and more particularly to a vehicle battery and a supercapacitor electrical connection control device, which can be applied to a vehicle for controlling a battery pack and a super capacitor used in the vehicle. The time point of the electrical connection, so that the supercapacitor is electrically connected to the battery pack only at the time point when the vehicle is ready to be activated, and immediately cut off the power between the two when the vehicle stops driving. Sexual connection, which improves battery power efficiency and extends battery life.

Vehicles are currently a popular vehicle, and their main features are the use of batteries and starter motors as a source of power for gasoline engines. However, there is a problem in the application of the battery in the battery, that is, in the case of a large current discharge, such as the moment when the motor starts, accelerates overtaking, or climbs the slope, it is easy to cause damage to the battery and cause easy and rapid aging. The problem. A viable solution to this problem is to match the battery to a supercapacitor (called supercapacitor or ultracapacitor in English), which can be used to provide a momentary high current to the starter motor, thereby improving battery power efficiency and extending the battery. Battery life.

However, in the application of supercapacitors, the current practice is to permanently connect the battery to the supercapacitor, but this may cause the following problems. Since the supercapacitor itself has the property of being easy to self-discharge, if the electrical connection between the battery and the supercapacitor is too long, the supercapacitor will continuously draw power to the battery, which may cause the battery to be continuously wasted. Bad results can even cause the battery to break down.

In view of the above problems, the application of the vehicle requires a feasible solution to avoid excessively long electrical connection between the battery and the supercapacitor, thereby preventing the self-discharge of the supercapacitor from causing the battery to be caused. Bad effects and the results of the damage.

The main purpose of this creation is to propose a control device for the aforementioned problems, which can be used to avoid excessively long electrical connection between the battery and the supercapacitor, thereby preventing the self-discharge of the supercapacitor from adversely affecting the battery. And the result of the damage, thereby improving the battery power efficiency and extending the battery life.

The research and development topic of this creation lies in how to control the electrical connection time between the battery and the supercapacitor, that is, the battery is connected to the supercapacitor at the required time, and when there is no need, That is, the electrical connection between the two is immediately cut off.

The battery and supercapacitor electrical connection control device of the present invention comprises: (a) a control unit; (b) an operation state detecting unit; (c) a switch; (d) a boost converter circuit; a first voltage sensing module and a second voltage sensing module.

In summary, this creation is aimed at a problem that the vehicle has a supercapacitor application, that is, if the electrical connection time between the supercapacitor and the battery pack is too long, the battery pack may be adversely affected and damaged. A feasible solution was proposed. The technical means used in the problem solving of the present invention is to electrically connect the supercapacitor to the battery pack at the time when the vehicle is ready to be activated by the user, and immediately turn off the supercapacitor and the time point when the driving is stopped. Electrical connection between battery packs. This creation can therefore be used to avoid the electrical connection between the battery pack and the supercapacitor for too long, resulting in the discharge of the supercapacitor and the result of damage to the battery pack, thereby improving the power supply performance of the battery and extending the battery. The service life.

The technical contents and embodiments of the vehicle battery and the supercapacitor electrical connection control device of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the architecture of a battery 10 and a supercapacitor electrical connection control device (such as the block indicated by reference numeral 100, hereinafter referred to as a battery and a supercapacitor electrical connection control device) applied to a vehicle 10. In a specific implementation, the vehicle 10 can be any vehicle that is driven by battery power, such as a four-wheeled vehicle, a three-wheeled vehicle, or a two-wheeled locomotive. This vehicle 10 uses a starter motor 20 to drive the wheels and uses a battery pack 30 to supply power to the starter motor 20. In addition, in order to prevent the battery pack 30 from being discharged at a large current, such as an instant of initial start of the motor, acceleration overtaking, or climbing, it is easy to cause damage to the battery pack 30 and cause a problem of easy rapid aging, and the vehicle 10 is additionally provided. There is a supercapacitor (called supercapacitor or ultracapacitor in English) 40, and the capacity of the supercapacitor 40 is greater than 0.1 farad (F), whereby the supercapacitor 40 can be utilized to provide a momentary large current to the starter motor 20, thereby improving the battery. Power efficiency and longevity. Moreover, the vehicle 10 utilizes a power system 50 to allow the battery pack 30 to provide power to other devices, such as lights, horns, and various vehicle devices.

However, as previously explained with respect to the prior art, if the electrical connection between the battery pack 30 and the ultracapacitor 40 is constant fixed, the problems of the prior art mentioned above may be caused. Therefore, for such problems, the battery and supercapacitor electrical connection control device 100 of the present invention provides a feasible solution.

The battery and supercapacitor electrical connection control device 100 of the present invention can be used to control the time point when the battery pack 30 is electrically connected to the supercapacitor 40, that is, when the user prepares to activate the vehicle 10, the battery pack 30 is connected. To the supercapacitor 40; and at the point in time when the vehicle 10 stops traveling, the electrical connection between the battery pack 30 and the ultracapacitor 40 is immediately cut off.

Figure 2 shows a possible embodiment of the battery and supercapacitor electrical connection control device 100 of the present invention, the architecture comprising: (a) a control unit 110; (b) an operational state detecting unit 120; c) a switch 130; (d) a boost converter circuit 140; (e) a first voltage sensing module 151 and a second voltage sensing module 152. The individual attributes and functions of these constituent members are first described below.

The control unit 110 is used to provide a master function for the operation of the battery and supercapacitor electrical connection control device 100 of the present invention. The specific implementation of the control unit 110 can be, for example, a microprocessor, especially an embedded microprocessor, or a customized or programmable logic circuit, such as a special application integrated circuit (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Programmable Logic Array (PLA), Programmable Logic Array (PL) Array Logic (PAL), and so on.

The operation state detecting unit 120 can be used to detect the operating state of the vehicle 10, including the preliminary activation state, the motor starting state, and the stopping driving state, and issue a capacitive connection enable signal to the time point when the preliminary activation state is detected. The control unit 110 sends a capacitance cutoff enable signal to the control unit 110 at the time point when the stop running state is detected. In terms of implementation, since the vehicles currently on the market may have many different ways of using and operating, such as using a remote control to lock and unlock, or using a key switch to lock and unlock and start the motor, this creation The so-called preliminary enable state can be, for example, one of the following operational states:

(1) A point in time at which the user sends an unlock signal using a remote controller to which the vehicle 10 belongs.

(2) A point in time at which the user uses a key switch to which the vehicle 10 belongs to be inserted into the vehicle for unlocking.

(3) As shown in Fig. 4, at the moment when the starter motor 20 is started, the output voltage of the battery pack 30 is suddenly dropped by the state in which the no-load voltage value is Vo instantaneously to generate a predetermined voltage difference ΔV.

When the operation state detecting unit 120 detects one of the above operating states, a capacitance connection enabling signal is issued and the signal is transmitted to the control unit 110. On the other hand, when detecting that the vehicle 10 is in the stop running state, the operation state detecting unit 120 issues a capacitance cut-off enable signal and transmits the signal to the control unit 110.

The waveform diagram of Fig. 4 shows the waveform change of the output voltage of the battery pack 30 according to the third operational state described above after the starter motor 20 is started. As shown in FIG. 4, assuming that the battery pack 30 is in the no-load state and its no-load voltage value is Vo, the waveform of the output voltage of the battery pack 30 includes the following transitions at the instant when the starter motor 20 is started. Points: P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, as follows: P1: The rated output voltage value of the battery pack 30 at the initial no-load is Vo; P2: the output of the battery pack 30 at the moment when the starter motor 20 is started. Voltage, for example: the first segment of the key, the voltage drop generated by the switch turning on the switch of the vehicle or the pressure drop caused by the opening of the door after the remote controller is actuated; P3: Since the starter motor 20 needs a large current for a moment during the start of the start-up To drive, the output voltage of the battery pack 30 will generate a sharply falling waveform at the moment when the starter motor 20 is started, and P3 is the lowest point of the falling waveform for this purpose; P4: the output voltage of the battery pack 30 is at the lowest point. After P3, it will gradually return; P5: The output voltage of the battery pack 30 rises above the rated output voltage value, at which point the vehicle has started.

In the waveform diagram shown in Fig. 4, the creation is between P2 and P3, and an appropriate point Q is selected as the trigger point of the preliminary enable state, and the voltage difference between the Q point and the P1 point is ΔV. That is, the operation state detecting unit 120 emits a capacitor connection enable signal when detecting that the output voltage of the battery pack 30 is reduced from the state in which the rated output voltage value is Vo at no load to a predetermined voltage difference ΔV. To the control unit 110.

The switch 130 is coupled between the battery pack 30 and the ultracapacitor 40 and can be controlled by the control unit 110 to switch to a path state or an open state. If the control unit 110 receives the capacitance connection enable signal sent by the operation state detecting unit 120, the switch 130 is switched to the path state; otherwise, if the capacitance cut by the operation state detecting unit 120 is received When the signal is enabled, the switch 130 is switched to the open state. When the switch 130 is switched to the path state, it can connect the battery pack 30 to the ultracapacitor 40, so that the output power of the battery pack 30 can be charged to the super capacitor 40; otherwise, when it is switched to the open state Then, the electrical connection between the battery pack 30 and the ultracapacitor 40 is cut off.

The boost conversion circuit 140 is connected between the battery pack 30 and the ultracapacitor 40, and its startup is controlled by the boost enable signal BOOST of the control unit 110. The boost converter circuit 140 can be used to charge the supercapacitor 40 through the boost converter circuit 140 when activated. As shown, the circuit architecture of the boost converter circuit 140 includes a transistor switch 141, an inductor 142, a diode 143, and a capacitor 144. Since the circuit architecture of the boost converter circuit 140 is a conventional technique, the circuit architecture will not be described in detail below.

The first voltage sensing module 151 is configured to sense the battery voltage value V _B currently output by the battery pack 30 and transmit the sensed battery voltage value V _B to the control unit 110; and the second voltage sensing module 152 Then, it is used to sense the current capacitor voltage value Vc of the supercapacitor 40, and transmit the sensed capacitor voltage value Vc to the control unit 110. The control unit 110 first converts the sensed battery voltage value V _B and the capacitor voltage value Vc into a digitized value using its built-in A/D analog to digital conversion function, and then compares the sizes of the two. If the battery voltage value V _{B of the} current battery pack 30 is greater than the capacitor voltage value Vc of the super capacitor 40, the control unit 110 only switches the switch 130 to the path state, but does not activate the boost converter circuit 140, thereby causing the battery pack 30 to The output power is used directly to charge the ultracapacitor 40. On the other hand, if the battery voltage value V _B outputted by the battery pack 30 is smaller than the capacitor voltage value Vc of the super capacitor 40, the control unit 110 activates the boost converter circuit 140 by using the boost enable signal BOOST, so that the battery pack 30 is boosted. The conversion circuit 140 charges the ultracapacitor 40.

In addition, in this embodiment, the battery and supercapacitor electrical connection control device 100 of the present invention is externally connected to an input/output control unit 200, thereby being externally connected to a keyboard and a screen display (not shown in The figure can also be externally connected to a wireless network system (not shown), such as Bluetooth, 4G, Zigbee, UART, for electrically connecting the battery and the super capacitor of the present invention to the control device 100. The operational status is displayed to the driver via a screen display or transmitted to the remote vehicle's travel monitoring center via a wireless network system.

The operation flow of the battery and supercapacitor electrical connection control device 100 of the present invention in actual application will be described below with reference to FIG.

In step S0, the control unit 110 first performs system initialization and sets the no-load voltage value of the battery pack 30 to the rated voltage value of Vo. When the vehicle 10 is in an unused state, the switch 130 is switched to the open state, so that the ultracapacitor 40 is not electrically connected to the battery pack 30.

Next, in step S1, the control unit 110 waits for the operation state detecting unit 120 to detect that the vehicle 10 is switched to the preliminary enabled state; if yes, proceed to the next step S2; otherwise, if not, continue to wait. The preparatory activation state is, for example, a user using a remote controller to which the vehicle 10 belongs to issue an unlock signal, or a key switch inserted by the user into the vehicle using a key to which the vehicle 10 belongs, or a starter motor. The moment when the start of 20 is started causes the output voltage of the battery pack 30 to suddenly drop instantaneously from the no-load voltage value Vo to a predetermined voltage difference ΔV. The operation state detecting unit 120 responds to issue a capacitor connection enable signal to the control unit 110 at a point in time when the ready-on state is detected, and the control unit 110 responds to step S2.

In step S2, the control unit 110 compares the battery voltage value V _B outputted by the current battery pack 30 with the current capacitor voltage value Vc of the super capacitor 40, wherein the battery voltage value V _B of the battery pack 30 is determined by the first voltage. The sensing module 151 senses, and the capacitor voltage value Vc of the supercapacitor 40 is sensed by the second voltage sensing module 152. If the battery voltage value V _B currently output by the battery pack 30 is greater than the current capacitor voltage value Vc of the super capacitor 40, the control unit 110 then proceeds to step S3; otherwise, step S4 is followed.

In step S3, the control unit 110 sends a switch signal SW to the switch 130 to switch the switch 130 to the path state, thereby electrically connecting the battery pack 30 to the ultracapacitor 40, so that the output power of the battery pack 30 can be applied to the supercapacitor. 40 to charge. Then step S5 is performed.

In step S4, the control unit 110 issues a boost enable signal BOOST to activate the boost converter circuit 140 to cause the battery pack 30 to charge the supercapacitor 40 through the boost converter circuit 140. Then step S5 is performed.

In step S5, the control unit 110 causes the output power of the battery pack 30 to be used to charge the ultracapacitor 40.

Next, in step S6, the control unit 110 waits for the operation state detecting unit 120 to detect that the vehicle 10 is switched to the motor starting state, that is, the motor switch 21 is switched to the path state to connect the starter motor 20 to the battery pack 30 and the super Capacitor 40. If yes, proceed to the next step S7; otherwise, if no, continue to wait.

In step S7, when the starter motor 20 is started to start, since the starter motor 20 needs to use an instantaneous large current to drive the acceleration, the control unit 110 keeps the switch 130 in the path state, so that the supercapacitor 40 The capacitor voltage value Vc can be used to provide a momentary high voltage and large current to the starter motor 20 to drive the initial start-up of the acceleration starter motor 20. During the travel of the vehicle 10, the battery pack 30 remains connected in parallel to the ultracapacitor 40, thereby providing a steady state fixed voltage to the power system 50 of the vehicle; and when the power system 50 has an excessive load, the supercapacitor is 40 provides a momentary high current to the power system 50.

Next, in step S8, the control unit 110 waits for the operation state detecting unit 120 to detect that the vehicle 10 is switched to the stop running state, that is, the user prepares to no longer use the vehicle 10. If yes, proceed to the next step S9; otherwise, if no, continue to wait.

In step S9, when the vehicle 10 is switched to the stop running state, the control unit 110 switches the switch 130 back to the open state, thereby cutting off the electrical connection between the battery pack 30 and the ultracapacitor 40, The time for avoiding electrical connection between the battery pack 30 and the ultracapacitor 40 is too long, thereby preventing the self-discharge of the supercapacitor 40 from adversely affecting the battery pack 30 and the result of damage.

After the switch 130 switches back to the open circuit state, the above procedure jumps back to step S1, and causes the control unit 110 to wait for the vehicle 10 to be switched to the preliminary enable state, that is, whether the operation state detecting unit 120 transmits a capacitive connection. The signal can be signaled; if it is, repeat the above steps.

In the above operation, since the creation can electrically connect the supercapacitor 40 to the battery pack 30 at the time when the vehicle 10 is ready to be activated by the user, the super-cutting moment is immediately cut off at the time of stopping the driving. The electrical connection between the capacitor 40 and the battery pack 30, so the present invention can be used to avoid the electrical connection between the battery pack 30 and the ultracapacitor 40 for too long, resulting in self-discharge of the supercapacitor 40 causing the battery pack 30. Bad effects and damage results, thereby improving battery power efficiency and extending battery life. In addition, since the supercapacitor 40 has a property of being easy to self-discharge and the supercapacitor 40 cannot be used for pre-charging, the present invention allows the supercapacitor 40 to be electrically connected to the battery pack 30 only before the actual use time point. The charging and use are performed, so that the power of the battery pack 30 can be prevented from being charged to the super capacitor 40 when the vehicle is not used, thereby causing waste of battery power. Therefore, in summary, this creation proposes a feasible solution to the problems of vehicles in the application of supercapacitors.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of patents of the technical content of the present invention. The broadest concept of the present invention is defined in the following patent application. If any product or technology completed by another person is identical or equivalent to the one defined in the following patent application, it will be deemed to be covered by the scope of the patent.

10‧‧‧ Vehicles

20‧‧‧Starting motor

21‧‧‧ motor switch

30‧‧‧Battery Pack

40‧‧‧Supercapacitors

50‧‧‧Power system

100‧‧‧The electrical connection control device between the battery and the super capacitor

110‧‧‧Control unit

120‧‧‧Operation status detection unit

130‧‧‧Switch

140‧‧‧Boost conversion circuit

141‧‧‧Chip switch

142‧‧‧Inductors

143‧‧ ‧ diode

144‧‧‧ capacitor

151‧‧‧First voltage sensing module

152‧‧‧Second voltage sensing module

200‧‧‧Input and output control unit

BOOST‧‧‧Boost enable signal

SW‧‧‧Switch signal

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application for displaying the integrated mode of the battery and the supercapacitor electrical connection control device integrated into a vehicle; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view showing the battery and super capacitor of the present invention. An embodiment of an embodiment of an electrical connection control device; FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the program steps performed by the battery and supercapacitor electrical connection control device of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram For displaying the waveform change of the output voltage of the battery pack at the moment when the starter motor is started to start.

Claims (10)

A vehicle battery and a supercapacitor electrical connection control device can be applied to a vehicle, wherein the vehicle is driven by a starter motor, and the starter motor is powered by a battery pack and a super capacitor for controlling The time point of electrical connection between the battery and the supercapacitor; the electrical connection control device between the vehicle battery and the supercapacitor comprises: (a) a control unit for providing a set of control functions; (b) an operation a state detecting unit capable of detecting an operating state of the vehicle and issuing a capacitive connection enable signal when detecting that the vehicle is switched to a ready-to-enable state; and detecting that the vehicle is switched to a time when the driving state is stopped, a capacitance cut enable signal is issued; (c) a switch is disposed between the battery pack and the super capacitor, and can be switched to the path state a battery pack is connected to the supercapacitor, and its switching state is controlled by the control unit; (d) a boost converter circuit is connected between the battery pack and the supercapacitor And the startup state is controlled by the control unit; (e) a first voltage sensing module and a second voltage sensing module, wherein the first voltage sensing module is configured to sense the battery The current battery voltage value, and the second voltage sensing module is configured to sense the current capacitor voltage value of the super capacitor, so that the control unit compares the battery voltage value and the capacitor voltage value; if the battery When the voltage value is greater than the capacitor voltage, the battery pack directly charges the super capacitor; if the battery voltage value is less than the capacitor voltage, the boost converter circuit is activated, and the battery pack is passed through the boost converter circuit. The supercapacitor is charged. The vehicle battery and the supercapacitor electrical connection control device according to claim 1, wherein the preliminary activation state refers to a time point when the vehicle receives an unlock signal from a remote controller. The vehicle battery and supercapacitor electrical connection control device according to claim 1, wherein the preliminary activation state refers to a time when a key to which the vehicle belongs is inserted into a key switch of the vehicle. point. The vehicle battery and the supercapacitor electrical connection control device according to claim 1, wherein the preliminary enable state means that the no-load voltage of the battery pack drops instantaneously after the starter motor is started to generate a predetermined one. The time point of the voltage difference. The vehicle battery and the supercapacitor electrical connection control device according to claim 1, wherein the switch is one of a relay, a solid state relay or an electronic switch. The vehicle battery and supercapacitor electrical connection control device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is an embedded microprocessor. The vehicle battery and supercapacitor electrical connection control device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is a programmable logic circuit, and the available types include special application integrated circuits, and can be programmed in the field. Logic gate arrays, programmable logic devices, programmable logic arrays, and programmable array logic. The vehicle battery and supercapacitor electrical connection control device according to claim 1, further comprising an input/output control unit for externally connecting to a keyboard, a screen display, and a wireless network system. The vehicle battery and supercapacitor electrical connection control device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit causes the switch to switch to a path state when the vehicle is switched to a ready-on state. Thereby connecting the battery pack to the supercapacitor, causing the battery pack to charge the supercapacitor; at a point of time when the vehicle travels, the control unit maintains the battery pack in parallel to the supercapacitor, thereby providing a a steady state fixed voltage is applied to the power system of the vehicle; and when the power system has an excessive load, the super capacitor is supplied with an instantaneous large current to the power system; when the vehicle is switched to a stop driving state The control unit switches the switch to an open state, thereby cutting off an electrical connection between the battery pack and the supercapacitor. The vehicle battery and supercapacitor electrical connection control device according to claim 1, wherein the supercapacitor has a capacity greater than 0.1 Farad.